WO1998054964A1

WO1998054964A1 - Fungicidal mixtures

Info

Publication number: WO1998054964A1
Application number: PCT/EP1998/002944
Authority: WO
Inventors: Klaus Schelberger; Maria Scherer; Hubert Sauter; Manfred Hampel; Joachim Leyendecker; Eberhard Ammermann; Gisela Lorenz; Siegfried Strathmann; Peter Irwin; Randall Evan Gold
Original assignee: Basf Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 1997-06-06
Filing date: 1998-05-20
Publication date: 1998-12-10
Also published as: PL337186A1; HUP0002722A3; HUP0002722A2; US6090835A; AR014352A1; EA199901065A1; AU8105298A; EA002069B1; JP2002503233A; CA2292761A1; CO5080757A1; CN1259012A; ZA984868B; NZ501985A; EP0987944A1; SK164299A3; BR9809959A; IL133049A0; KR20010013412A

Abstract

Fungicidal mixtures, comprising: a.1) a phenyl-benzylether of formula (I.a), (I.b) or (I.c), or (a.2) a carbamate of the formula (I.d), where X is CH and N, n is 0, 1 or 2 and R is halogen, C1-C4-alkyl and C1-C4-haloalkyl, it being possible for the radicals R to be different when n is 2, and b) a dicarboximide-type fungicide (II) in a synergistically active amount.

Description

Fungicidal mixtures

The present invention relates to a fungicidal mixture which com- prises

a.I) a phenyl-benzylether of the formula I.a, I.b or I.c,

or

a.I) a carbamate of the formula I.d,

where X is CH and N, n is 0, 1 or 2 and R is halogen, Cι-C -alkyl and Cι-C -haloalkyl , it being possible for the radicals R to be different when n is 2,

and

b) a dicarboximide-type fungicide (II)

in a synergistically active amount.

In particular the invention relates to compositions comprising a dicarboximide-type fungicide of the formulae II. to II. d:

II .a: ethyl (" ) -3- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -5-methyl-2 , 4-dioxo-oxazo- lidine-5-carboxylate

or

II .b : 3- (3 , 5-dichlorophenyl) -N-isopropyl-2 , 4-dioxoimidazoli- dine-1-carboxamide

or

II . c: N- (3 , 5-dichlorophenyl) -1, 2-dimethylcyclopropane-l, 2-dicar- boximide

or

II.d: (RS) -3 - (3, 5-dichlorophenyl ) -5-ethenyl-5-methyl-l , 3-oxazo- lidine-2 , 4-dione

Moreover, the invention relates to methods of controlling harm- f l fungi with mixtures of the compounds I (I.a, I.b, I.c and I.d) and II (II. a, Il.b, II. c and II. d).

The compounds of the formula I, their preparation and their action against harmful fungi have been disclosed in the literature (EP-A 253 213; EP-A 254 426; EP-A 398 692; EP-A 477 631; WO-A 93/15,046; WO-A 96/01,256; WO-A 96/01,258).

The compounds II, their preparation and their action against harmful fungi have also been disclosed: • ii. _a (common name: chlozolinate): CAS RN [84332-86-5], DE-A 29

06 574;

• Il.b (common name: iprodione) : CAS RN [36734-19-7], US-A 3,755,350;

• II. c (common name: procymidone) : CAS RN [32809-16-8], US-A 3,903,090;

• II. d (common name: vinclozoline) : CAS RN [50471-44-8], DE-A 22

07 576] . It was an object of the present invention to provide mixtures which have an improved activity gainst harmful fungi combined with a reduced total amount of active ingredients applied (syn- ergistic mixtures) with a view to reducing the rates of applica- tion and to improving the spectrum of action of the known compounds .

Accordingly, we have found that this object is achieved by the mixture defined at the outset. Moreover, we have found that bet- ter control of the harmful fungi is possible by applying the compound I and the compound II simultaneously together or separately or by applying the compound I and the compound II in succession than when the individual compounds are used.

In particular, the formula I.d represents carbamates in which the combination of the substituents corresponds to one line of the table which follows:

The compounds 1.12, 1.23, 1.32 and 1.38 are especially preferred. Due to the basic character, the compounds I and II are capable^' of forming adducts or salts with inorganic or organic acids or with metal ions.

Examples of inorganic acids are hydrohalic acids such as hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid and hydroiodic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and nitric acid.

Suitable organic acids are, for example, formic acid, carbonic acid and alkanoic acids such as acetic acid, trif luoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid and propionic acid, and also glycolic acid, thiocyanic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, oxalic acid, alkylsulfonic acids (sulfonic acids having straight-chain or branched alkyl radicals having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms), arylsulfonic acids or —disul- fonic acids (aromatic radicals such as phenyl and naphthyl which have attached to them one or two sulfo groups) , alkylphosphonic acids (phosphonic acids having straight-chain or branched alkyl radicals of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms) , arylphosphonic acids or —diphosphonic acids (aromatic radicals such as phenyl and naphthyl which have attached to them one or two phosphoric acid radicals) , it being possible for the alkyl or aryl radicals to have attached to them further substituents, eg. p—toluenesulfo- nic acid, salicylic acid, p—aminosalicylic acid, 2— henoxyben- zoic acid, 2—acetoxybenzoic acid etc.

Suitable metal ions are, in particular, the ions of the elements of the second main group, in particular calcium and magnesium, and of the third and fourth main group, in particular aluminum, tin and lead, and of the first to eighth sub—group, in particular chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and others. Especially preferred are the metal ions of the elements of the sub—groups of the fourth period. The metals can in this case be in the various valences which they can assume.

When preparing the mixtures, it is preferred to employ the pure active ingredients I and II, with which further active ingredients against harmful fungi or other pests such as insects, arachnids or nematodes, or else herbicidal or growth-regulating active ingredients or fertilizers can be admixed, if so desired.

The mixtures of the compounds I and II, or the simultaneous joint or separate use of the compounds I and II, are distinguished by an outstanding activity against a broad spectrum of phy- topathogenic fungi, in particular from the classes of the Asco- mycetes, Deuteromycetes, Phycomycetes and Basidiomycetes. Some of them act systemically and can therefore be employed as foliar— and soil—acting fungicides.

They are especially important for controlling a large number of fungi in a variety of crop plants such as cotton, vegetable species (eg. cucumbers, beans and curcubits) , barley, grass, oats, coffee, maize, fruit species, rice, rye, soybeans, grapevine, wheat, ornamentals, sugar cane, and a variety of seeds.

They are particularly suitable for controlling the following phytopathogenic fungi: Erysiphe graminis (powdery mildew) on cereals, Erysiphe cichoracearum and Sphaerotheca fuliginea on curcubits, Podosphaera leucotricha on apples, Uncinula necator on grapevines, Puccinia species on cereals, Rhizoctonia species on cotton, rice and turf, Ustilago species on cereals and sugar cane, Venturia inaequalis (scab) on apples, Helminthosporium species on cereals and turf, Septoria nodorum on wheat, Botrytis cinerea (gray mold) on strawberries, vegetables, ornamentals and grapevines, Sclerotina species in rape and turf, Cercospora ara- chidicola on peanuts, Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides on wheat and barley, Pyricularia oryzae on rice, Phytophthora in- festans on potatoes and tomatoes, Pythium species in ornamentals, vegelables and turf, Pseudoperonospora species on cucurbits and hops, Plasmopara viticola on grapevines, Alternaria species on vegetables and fruit, and Fusarium and Verticillium species .

Furthermore, they can be used in the protection of materials (eg. in the protection of wood), for example against Paecilomy- ces variotii.

The compounds I and II can be applied simultaneously together or separately or in succession, the sequence, in the case of separate application, generally not having any effect on the result of the control measures.

The compounds I and II are normally used in a weight ratio of from 20:1 to 0.1:2, preferably 10:1 to 0,1:1, in particular 5:1 to 0,2:1 (11:1) .

The application rates of the mixtures according to the invention are, in the case of the compounds I, from 0.005 to 0.5 kg/ha, preferably 0.01 to 0.5 kg/ha, in particular 0.01 to 0.3 kg/ha, depending on the nature of the desired effect. Correspondingly, in the case of the compound II, the application rates are from 0.1 to 10 kg/ha, preferably 0.5 to 5 kg/ha, in particular 1 to 4 kg/ha.

For seed treatment, the application rates of the mixture are generally from 0.001 to 100 g/kg seed, preferably 0.01 to 50 g/kg, in particular 0.01 to 10 g/kg.

If phytopathogenic harmful fungi are to be controlled, the sepa- rate or joint application of the compounds I and II or of the mixtures of the compounds I and II is effected by spraying or dusting the seeds, the plants or the soils before or after sowing of the plants, or before or after plant emergence.

The fungicidal synergistic mixtures according to the invention, or the compounds I and II, can be formulated for example in the form of ready-to-spray solutions, powders and suspensions or in the form of highly concentrated aqueous, oily or other suspensions, dispersions, emulsions, oil dispersions, pastes, dusts, materials for spreading or granules, and applied by spraying, atomizing, dusting, spreading or pouring. The use form depends on the intended purpose; in any case, it should guarantee as fine and uniform as possible a distribution of the mixture according to the invention.

The formulations are prepared in a manner known per se, eg. by adding solvents and/or carriers. It is usual to admix inert additives, such as emulsifiers or dispersants, with the formulations.

Suitable surfactants are the alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts and ammonium salts of aromatic sulfonic acids, eg. ligno—, phenol—, naphthalene— and dibutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, and of fatty acids, of alkyl— and alkylarylsulfonateε, of alkyl, lauryl ether and fatty alcohol sulfates, and salts of sulfated hexa—, hepta— and octadecanols or fatty alcohol glycol ethers, condensates of sulfonated naphthalene and its derivatives with formaldehyde, condensates of naphthalene, or of the naphthalenesulfonic acids, with phenol and formaldehyde, poly- oxyethylene octylphenyl ether, ethoxylated isooctyl—, octyl— or nonylphenol, alkylphenyl polyglycol ethers or tributylphenyl polyglycol ether, alkylaryl polyether alcohols, isotridecyl alcohol, fatty alcohol/ethylene oxide condensates, ethoxylated castor oil, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers or polyoxypropylene, lau- ryl alcohol polyglycol ether acetate, sorbitol esters, lignin- sulfite waste liquors or methylcellulose. Powders, materials for spreading and dusts can be prepared by mixing or jointly grinding the compounds I or II or the mixture of the compounds I and II with a solid carrier.

5 Granules (eg. coated granules, impregnated granules or homogeneous granules) are normally prepared by binding the active ingredient, or active ingredients, to a solid carrier.

Fillers or solid carriers are, for example, mineral earths such 0 as silicas, silica gels, silicates, talc, kaolin, limestone, lime, chalk, bole, loess, clay, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, ground synthetic materials, and fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ureas, and products of vege- 5 table origin such as cereal meal, tree bark meal, wood meal and nutshell meal, cellulose powders or other solid carriers.

The formulations generally comprise from 0.1 to 95% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 90% by weight, of one of the compounds I or 0 II, or of the mixture of the compounds I and II. The active ingredients are employed in a purity of from 90% to 100%, preferably 95% to 100% (according to NMR or HPLC spectrum) .

The compounds I or II, or the mixtures, or the corresponding 5 formulations, are applied by treating the harmful fungi or the plants, seeds, soils, areas, materials or spaces to be kept free from them with a fungicidally active amount of the mixture, or. of the compounds I and II in the case of separate application.

Application can be effected before or after infection by the 0 harmful fungi.

Examples of the synergistic action of the mixtures according to the invention against harmful fungi

5 Activity against Botrytis cinerea on pepper fruits

Disks of green peppers were sprayed to runoff with an aqueous suspension prepared from a master solution containing 10 wt.% of active ingredient or mixture of active ingredients, 63 wt.% 0 cyclohexanone and 27 wt.% emulsifier. 2 hours after the sprayed- on layer had dried the disks were infected with a spore suspension of Botrytis cinerea containing 1.7 x 10⁶ spores per ml (2 wt.% bio malt solution). The infected fruit disks were then cultivated in chambers with high humidity for four days at

45 18 °C. The fruit disk area under fungus attack was then assessed visually in percent. These figures were then converted into degrees of control . The degree of control in the untreated disks was set at 0. The degree of action when 0% of the fruit disk area was attacked was set at 100.

The degree of control (W) was calculated in accordance with the Abbott formula as follows:

Abbott formula:W = (1 - α) • 100 : β

α fungus attack of treated plants [%] and β fungus attack of untreated control plants [%]

The expected degrees of action of the active ingredient compositions were determined in accordance with the Colby formula and compared with the degrees of action observed.

The values for the fungicidal action varied between the indivi - dual experiments because the plants in the individual experiments exhibited varying degrees of attack; for this reason, only the results within the same experiment can be compared with each other.

Colby formula:E = x + y - (x • y : 100)

E = expected degree of action, expressed in % of the untreated control, when active ingredients A and B are applied together, the concentration of A being [a] and the concentration of B being [b]

x = degree of action of ingredient A, expressed in % of the untreated control, when a concentration [a] of the active ingredient A is applied

y = degree of action of ingredient B, expressed in % of the untreated control, when a concentration [b] of the active ingredient B is applied

AS a general rule the comparison of the expected degree of action (E according to the Colby formula) with the degree of action found shows whether the effect is synergistic or not, the correlation being as follows:

degree of action found > (E) => synergism degree of action found < (E) => no synergism The test results are listed in the following tables:

Table 2

The results achieved with compositions in accordance with the instant invention are listed in the following table.

Tabl e 3

These test results clearly demonstrate that compositions comprising compounds la, Ic or Id and compounds II exhibit synergism at different application rates.

Claims

We claim:

1. A fungicidal mixture comprising

a.I) a phenyl-benzylether of the formula I.a, I.b or I.c,

or

a.I) a carbamate of the formula I.d,

where X is CH and N, n is 0, 1 or 2 and R is halogen, C╬╣-C₄-alkyl and C╬╣-C₄-haloalkyl, it being possible for the radicals R to be different when n is 2,

and

b) a dicarboximide-type fungicide (II!

in a synergistically active amount.

2. A fungicidal mixture as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dicarboximide-type fungicide (II) is II . a : ethyl ( " ) -3- (3 , 5-dichlorophenyl ) -5-methyl-2 , 4-dioxo- oxazolidine-5-carboxylate

or

Il.b: 3- (3 , 5-dichlorophenyl ) -N-isopropyl-2 , 4-dioxoimidazo- lidine-1-carboxamide

or

II .c: N- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -1, 2-dimethylcyclopro- pane-1, 2-dicarboximide

or

II. d: (RS) -3 - (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -5-ethenyl-5-me- thyl-1, 3-oxazolidine-2, 4-dione

3. A fungicidal mixture as claimed in claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of the compound II to the compound I is 20:1 to 0.1:2.

4. A method of controlling harmful fungi, which comprises trea- ting the harmful fungi, their environment, or the plants, seeds, soils, areas, materials or spaces to be kept free from them with a compound of the formula I as set forth in claim 1 and the compound of the formula II as set forth in claim 1.

5. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein a compound I as set forth in claim 1 and the compound II as set forth in claim 1 are applied simultaneously together or separately or in succession.

6. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the harmful fungi, their environment, or the plants, seeds, soils, areas, materials or spaces to be kept free from them are treated with from 0.005 to 0.5 kg/ha of a compound I as set forth in claim 1.

7. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the harmful fungi, their environment, or the plants, seeds, soils, areas, materials or spaces to be kept free from them are treated with from 0.1 to 10 kg/ha of the compound II as set forth in claim 1.