WO1998047639A1

WO1998047639A1 - Method and device for three-dimensional bending of hollow metal sections

Info

Publication number: WO1998047639A1
Application number: PCT/EP1998/002417
Authority: WO
Inventors: Walter E. SPÄTH
Original assignee: Suban Ag
Priority date: 1997-04-24
Filing date: 1998-04-23
Publication date: 1998-10-29
Also published as: EP0944445A1; DE19717232A1

Abstract

Disclosed is a method and device for three-dimensional bending of hollow metal sections (12), wherein the hollow section to be bent is introduced into and passed through a cross-bending head (40), which is mounted in a bending head station (23) and which can be adjusted at least semi-cardanically in at least Y/Z direction. In addition to bending in the Y-Z plane, the hollow section undergoes controlled torsion in at least one plane.

Description

Method and device for three-dimensional bending of

Hollow metal profiles

The invention relates to a method and a device for the three-dimensional bending of hollow metal profiles, wherein these hollow profiles can be closed, semi-open or open. Such hollow metal profiles are, in particular, profiles made of light metal alloys, steel or non-ferrous metals or high-strength alloys, such as e.g. Titan and other metals in this group.

So far, it has only been known to carry out a three-dimensional bending of such hollow profiles in such a way that a profile with high thrust is pressed through a press nip. The press nip is defined by at least four opposing press shoes, which can be set in the Y-Z direction to one another, so that there is a variable press nip, through which said

Hollow profile is pushed through. Depending on the position of the press shoes, which are displaceable and adjustable in the Y-Z direction, the profile can thus be bent in the Y-Z plane and additionally twisted together if all press shoes are rotated accordingly.

Such a known device is only suitable for deforming simple profile cross sections with strong walls. A simple profile cross section is e.g. a square profile cross-section or a tube with relatively strong walls, because otherwise this profile will be deformed strongly during bending.

It is therefore not possible with the known method and the device to bend thin-walled profiles and profiles with a more demanding cross-section, such as profiles with groove formation, with webs and different contour cross sections, such as a door or window profile or space frame profiles for the automotive industry.

The known method mentioned at the outset could be used for freely bending profiles. It is also known to realize a three-dimensional bending with an additional torsion in the so-called core winding bending, where, however, the profile to be bent is bent over a three-dimensionally moving core shape in the stretching process.

With this latter method, however, free bending in space is not possible because the core, which is adjustable in space, defines the contour and a different type of contour is not possible during the bending process.

It is therefore only ever possible to produce a contour specified by the core during the bending process.

The invention is therefore based on the object

To further develop methods and a device of the type mentioned at the outset such that sensitive and thin-walled profiles of any type can also be bent in the case of free, three-dimensional bending in space.

To achieve the object, the invention is characterized in that the profile to be bent is introduced into a cross bending head defined by rolling, which cross bending head is at least semi-gimbal, i.e. Rotatable about an axis, is mounted in a bending head station, which bending head station is designed to be adjustable at least in the Y-Z direction.

With the given technical teaching, there is the essential advantage that, due to the bending head station that is adjustable in the YZ direction, this is achieved by the Cross-bending head profile can be bent in the YZ plane in any way. After it is additionally provided according to a further feature of the invention that the cross bending head is mounted at least semi-gimbally in the bending head station, this gives the possibility that a controlled torsion takes place in at least one plane. If, on the other hand, it is provided according to a further feature that the cross-bending head is gimbal-mounted in the 3D bending head station, then a spatial torsion can be assigned in addition to this profile which is spatially curved in the Y-Z axis.

With the given technical teaching, there is the advantage that the cross bend head in the 3D bending head station with full gimbal suspension is not just one

Rotation of the profile around the X-axis can do (torsion), but that this cross-bending head can also perform a tilting movement at an angle to the X-axis, so that a torsion bend of the hollow profile to be bent, which can be freely extended and controlled in space, takes place results.

With the given device, there is the essential advantage that, according to the invention, sensitive and complicated cross-sections are now also available

(inhomogeneous) and asymmetrical profiles can be bent. The cross bend head according to the invention is namely defined by rollers which are each rotatably mounted in pairs of bearing plates in a disc ring, which disc ring is tiltably arranged in an inner ring and the inner ring is in turn rotatably mounted in an axis perpendicular to this in an outer ring and the outer ring is in turn rotatably mounted in a vertical axis at a mutually spacing cross-piece of a Z-carriage, which Z-carriage is displaceable in the Z-direction on a Is attached slidably arranged carriage, which Y-carriage in turn is slidably arranged on a slidable in the X direction.

In this way, an X-Y-Z slide assembly is created that defines a 3D bending head station.

It is again pointed out that it is sufficient for the main feature of the invention to mount the cross-bending head semi-gimbally in the X-Y-Z slide. In a further development, however, it is provided that this cross-bending head is fully gimbal-mounted in this X-Y-Z slide.

It is also pointed out that the X adjustment of the X-Y-Z slide is not necessary for a solution; it may be sufficient to drive this carriage in an adjustable and lockable manner only in the Y-Z direction.

It is primarily claimed in the present invention, separate protection and isolated protection for such a half-gimbal and fully gimbal-hung cross bending head in a 3D bending head station.

In a further development of the present invention, it is provided that this 3D bending head station in conjunction with other bending stations results in a completely new type of bending machine, with a center roller station being arranged directly in front of the 3D bending head station and in front of the center roller station, viewed in the feed direction of the hollow profile to be bent A support roller station is arranged (on the inlet side of the bending machine).

All three mentioned stations (support roller station, middle roller station and 3D bending head station) form the

Basic modules of the novel bending machine shown here. The mentioned support roller station and the center roller station are each linearly lockable and adjustable on the machine bed 1 in the XY direction, while it is provided according to a preferred embodiment of the invention that the station associated with the 3D bending head station is adjustable and lockable on the XYZ direction Machine bed is arranged.

Various measures are used to advance the profile to be bent. In a first embodiment it is provided that the propulsion is carried out by rotatingly driven rollers of the middle station and / or by rotatingly driven rollers of the support roller station.

In another embodiment, it can be provided that a pushing effect is additionally effected by a slide which, in the alternative, additionally drives the profile to be bent in the X direction and pushes it through the 3D bending head station.

In this case, only a thrust slide can be arranged alone without the need for a rotary drive for the stations, or alternatively the thrust force of the slide in connection with the rotary drive can be arranged in one or more of the

Stations (support roller station and / or middle roller station) are executed.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that a mandrel is arranged in the interior of the hollow profile, which is designed as a link mandrel, lamellar mandrel or as a shaft mandrel and which is guided with a mandrel rod so that the corresponding mandrel always bends in the bending area of the Profile. For this purpose it can be provided that the mandrel is arranged by means of a mandrel rod at a mandrel station, which mandrel station is the Drives the mandrel bar in the X direction. The drive can take place, for example, via a hydraulic cylinder.

In a further development of the invention, it is also provided that the mandrel station and also the slide for guiding the profile to be bent are not only driven in the X direction, but that there is also an adjustment in the Y direction.

The setting in the Y direction is necessary to take account of different profiles, which can always be centered precisely on the bending station.

The subject matter of the present invention results not only from the subject matter of the individual

Claims, but also from the combination of the individual claims with each other.

All of the information and features disclosed in the documents, including the summary, in particular the spatial design shown in the drawings are claimed to be essential to the invention, insofar as they are new to the prior art, individually or in combination.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of drawings which illustrate only one embodiment. Here, from the drawings and their description, further features and advantages of the invention that are essential to the invention emerge.

Show it:

FIG. 1: in perspective a machine for 3D bending of hollow profiles,

Figure 2: Front view of the 3D bending head station, Figure 3: Section along the line III-III in Figure 2,

Figure 4: schematically an embodiment of a fully gimbal modified compared to Figure 2

Suspension of the cross bending head,

FIG. 5: a schematic explanation of the function of the bending machine according to FIG. 1.

In Figure 1, three consecutive stations are arranged on a machine bed 1, namely a support roller station 8, a center roller station 20 and a 3D bending head station 23.

The support roller station 8 consists of four support rollers which are assigned to one another, with each support roller pair 9 bearing laterally against the profile 12 to be bent, while upper and lower support rollers 10 lie against the top and bottom of the profile 12 to be bent.

The mentioned support roller pairs 9, 10 are arranged in an X-Y slide, e.g. the carriage 11 is designed to be adjustable and lockable by the pairs of spindles 2, while the X-Y- assigned to the center roller station 20

Carriage 5 is made adjustable by the pairs of spindles 3 and the X-slide 25 assigned to the 3D bending head station 23 is made adjustable and fixable by the pairs of spindles 4.

The free end of the profile to be bent is received in a slide 13 which is driven in a slidable manner in the X direction on a slide track 14, the drive being effected, for example, by a cable pull 6 which is guided over a deflection roller 7 and acted upon by the slide drive 15 is. In addition, the slide 13 can also be arranged on an XY slide 18, which allows an additional adjustment in the Y direction.

A mandrel 56 is preferably guided in the profile at the bending point (FIG. 5), which mandrel 56 is connected to a mandrel rod 16 which is displaceably driven by a mandrel station 17.

The mandrel station 17 can also be mounted on an X-Y slide 19, which permits a Y displacement of the mandrel station 17.

The central roller station 20 consists - in a manner analogous to the previously mentioned support roller station 8 - also of rollers arranged in pairs, namely of lateral rollers

Middle roller pairs 21 and from upper middle roller pairs 22, which abut the top and bottom of the profile to be bent.

It is preferred here if the rollers of the center roller station 20 are driven in rotation. It is sufficient here to drive only one pair of central rollers 21 or 22 in rotation.

Figure 1 shows a drive 24 for the center rollers of the center roller station 20. It is clear here that such a drive 24 is present in mirror image and that additional drives are available for possibly driving the upper center roller pairs 22.

In a further development of the invention, however, it can also be provided that one or both of the roller pairs 9, 10 of the support roller station 8 is additionally driven in rotation.

It is also possible, alternatively, the roles of the support roller To drive the station in pairs or all two pairs rotating, while the rotary drive for the middle roller pairs of the middle roller station 20 is omitted.

Thus, reference is made to the general description, where it was stated that either only a rotary drive is carried out via the roller stations in order to pass the profile to be bent through the 3D bending head station 23 or that the slide 13 can still be used alone or in connection with the roller drives drives the profile.

The function of the 3D bending head station will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings of Figures 1 to 3.

From FIG. 1 in conjunction with FIGS. 2 and 3 it follows that the 3D bending head station 23 essentially consists of an X-slide 25 which is mounted on the machine bed 1 so as to be adjustable in the X-direction via the pairs of spindles 3. On this X-slide 25, a slide 26 adjustable in the Y-direction is mounted, which has a vertical support 28, on which two mutually parallel rails 55 are arranged, in which a Z-slide 27 is adjustable and driven, which consequently guides the Z slide 27 is adjustable in the Z direction.

Arranged on the Z-slide 27 are two cross members 29 which are parallel to one another and which form a vertical bearing for journals, which journals are non-rotatably connected to an outer ring 35 of the 3D bending head station. The pins 34 can thus be driven to rotate about the vertical axis 33 in the direction of arrow 57.

The rotary drive takes place here by the drive 30, which accomplishes this rotary drive in the direction of arrow 57 via a gear train or a chain. For the horizontal axis, it is provided that horizontal pins 37 are formed on an inner ring 36 and are received in corresponding receiving bores in the outer ring 35. The rotary drive in the direction of arrow 58 about the horizontal axis 38 takes place here via a drive 31, which in turn accomplishes this rotary drive, for example, via a gear train or a chain.

There is also a drive 32 for the torsion axis 41. For this purpose, it is provided that a ring gear 39 is arranged on the inner ring in a rotationally fixed manner, which meshes with a pinion 50 of the drive 31, which drive is fastened on an inner disk ring 46. In this way, the disc ring 46 rolls on the inner circumference of the inner ring 36 while rotating about the axis 41.

The disc ring 46 carries pairs of mutually arranged and parallel to each other bearing plate pairs 42, 43, 44, 45, which each accommodate a roller 51-54, so that all rollers 51-54 with their radially inner end have a passage gap for the profile to be bent 12 form.

Due to the fact that the rollers 51-54 with their radially inward circumferences defined one precisely

Forming the passage gap results in an excellently guided system for the profile 12 to be bent which passes through this passage gap and which can thus be bent, twisted and tilted with high precision.

Due to the rotatable mounting of the rollers in the associated pairs of bearing plates 42-45, the friction of the profile to be bent in this 3D bending head is reduced to a minimum value, and accordingly sensitive, thin-walled and asymmetrical profiles can be bent.

It is also added that there is a rotary gap 47 between the inner ring 36 and the outer ring 35, and the annular bearing 48 (FIG. 3) carries the disk ring 46 which can be rotated about the axis 41.

There is also an air gap 49 between the outer circumference of the disk ring 46 and the inner circumference of the inner ring 36 in order to ensure a completely independent rotation of the three parts mentioned (outer ring 35, inner ring 36 and disk ring 46).

The embodiment in FIG. 4 which is modified compared to FIG. 2 differs only in that the function of the outer ring and inner ring has been interchanged, which means that the inner ring 36 'in the outer ring 35 can be rotated about a horizontal axis 38, while the inner ring 36' is a carrier 59, which in turn forms the pivot bearing for the inner disk ring 46 'which can be rotated in the direction of the arrow 60.

The horizontal axis 38 is received in a slide 61 which is designed to be movable in the Z direction on the outer ring 35 ', as a result of which the Z slide 27 according to FIGS. 2 and 3 can be omitted. The slide 61 thus replaces the Z slide 27 in FIGS. 2 and 3.

The function of the bend can now be explained in more detail using the schematic FIG. It is clear that the adjustable distance in the X direction between the individual stations 8, 9, 23 lying one behind the other is set in accordance with the profile cross section. This is shown schematically in FIG. 5, for the sake of simplicity the individual adjustment of the stations 8, 20, 23 in the X direction is not shown. However, these are individually adjustable in the X direction.

According to FIG. 5, the bending contour in the Y direction is already set. Then become one or more

Stations adjusted in the Z direction relative to each other, so that the bend in the Z direction is also set, so that a bend in the Y-Z plane is already given.

In order to assign an additional torsion to the profile to be bent according to the invention, it is now provided that, according to FIG. 4, the disk ring 46 is rotated in the direction of the arrows 60, which also corresponds to the rotation about the axis 41 in FIGS. 2 and 3. So there is a free torsion. In addition, the profiles can also be assigned a tilt by tilting the entire arrangement about the horizontal axis in the arrow directions 58, as a result of which the profile emerging from the cross-bending head 40 is tilted downwards or upwards.

This ensures a free bend including a free torsion in any spatial direction.

It should also be noted that, according to FIG. 5, each station 8, 20, 23 has four roles. With simple and small profiles and with weak bends, only one pair of rollers can be used, while the pair of rollers perpendicular to this can be omitted.

Instead of the omitted, perpendicular to it,

Pair of rollers can also be used with sliding jaws. Drawing legend

Machine bed 26 Y-slide

Spindle pairs 27 Z-slides

28 carriers

29 traverse

XY slide 30 drive (vertical axis)

Cable 31 drive (horizontal axis

Deflection roller 32 drive (torsion axis)

Support roller station 33 vertical axis

Support roller pair 34 pins

// 35 outer ring

XY slide 36 inner ring

Profile 37 cones

Carriage 38 horizontal axis

Sled run 39 gear rim

Carriage drive 40 cross bending heads

Mandrel rod 41 axis of 40

Mandrel station 42 pair of end shields

XY slide 43 rr

XY slide 44 rr

Center roller station 45 rr

Center roller pair 46 Disc ring rr 47 rotary gap

3D bending head station 48 bearings

Drive for 21 medium] roll 49 air gap

X-slide 50 sprockets

51 roller

52 roller

53 roller

54 roller

55 rail

56 thorn

57 arrow direction 58 arrow direction

59 carriers

60 direction of arrow

61 sledges

Claims

claims

1. A method for three-dimensional bending of hollow metal profiles, characterized in that the hollow profile to be bent is introduced and passed through a cross bending head, which is mounted at least semi-gimbally in an at least in the YZ direction adjustable bending head station, the hollow profile in addition to the bending in the YZ plane experiences controlled torsion in at least one plane.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a fully controlled spatial torsion of the profile to be bent is possible by fully gimbal mounting of the cross bending head in the bending head station.

3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the cross-bending head can perform a tilting movement at an angle with respect to the X direction.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bending head station is arranged displaceable and lockable in the X direction.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the hollow profile to be bent passes through a support roller station and / or a central roller station before passing through the bending head station.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the advance of the hollow profile to be bent takes place in the X direction by rotating at least two rollers of the center roller station.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the feed of the to be bent Hollow profile in the X direction by rotating at least two rollers of the support roller station.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the free end of the to be bent

Hollow profile is held in a carriage and is driven by it in the X direction.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the carriage is additionally displaceable and lockable in the Y direction.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a mandrel is provided in the interior of the hollow profile to be bent, which is guided by a mandrel rod.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the mandrel rod is arranged in a mandrel station through which the mandrel is displaceable in the X direction.

12. The method according to any one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the mandrel station and / or the carriage is additionally adjustable in the Y direction.

13. Device for three-dimensional bending of hollow metal profiles, characterized by: a machine bed (1) on the machine bed (1) at least in the YZ direction adjustable bending head station (23), an adjustable and displaceable slide (13) for receiving the bending hollow profile (12) of a support roller station (8) and / or center roller station (20) which is arranged between the bending head station (23) and the slide (13), and a cross bending head (40), which is mounted at least semi-gimbally in the bending head station (23).

14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the bending head station (23) in the X-Y-Z direction adjustable and lockable on a machine bed (1) is arranged.

15. Device according to one of claims 13 or 14, characterized in that the bending head station (23) has an X-slide (25) which is mounted on the machine bed (1) adjustable in the X-direction, a Y-slide (26 ), which is mounted on the X-slide adjustable in the Y direction and a Z-slide (27), which is mounted on the Y-slide adjustable in the Z direction.

16. The device according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the cross-bending head (40) is fully gimbal-mounted in the bending head station (23).

17. Device according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the cross-bending head (40) comprises a plurality of rollers (51-54) which are each rotatably mounted in pairs of bearing plates (42-45) in a disc ring (46) .

18. Device according to one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that the disc ring (46) is arranged tiltably in an inner ring (36) and the inner ring (36) rotatably mounted about a first axis (38) in an outer ring (35) and the outer ring is rotatably mounted about a second axis (33) perpendicular to the first axis (38) in two crossbeams (29) arranged parallel to one another on the Z-slide (27).

19. Device according to one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that on the inner circumference of the inner ring (36) Sprocket (39) is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner, which meshes with a pinion (50) of a drive (32) fastened to the inner disk ring (46).

20. Device according to one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that the center roller station (20), seen in the feed direction of the hollow profile to be bent (12), is arranged in front of the bending head station (23) and comprises at least one pair of center rollers (21, 22) .

21. The apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that at least one of the center roller pairs (21,22) is driven in rotation.

22. Device according to one of claims 13 to 21, characterized in that the center roller station (20) in the X-Y direction is adjustable and lockable on a machine bed (1).

23. Device according to one of claims 13 to 22, characterized in that the support roller station (8), seen in the feed direction of the hollow profile to be bent, is arranged in front of the bending head station (23) or the central roller station (20) and at least one pair of support rollers (9 , 10).

24. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that at least one of the pairs of support rollers (9, 10) is driven in rotation.

25. Device according to one of claims 13 to 24, characterized in that the support roller station (8) in the X-Y direction is adjustable and lockable on a machine bed (1).