WO1998023435A1 - Process for connecting two objects - Google Patents

Process for connecting two objects Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998023435A1
WO1998023435A1 PCT/EP1997/005169 EP9705169W WO9823435A1 WO 1998023435 A1 WO1998023435 A1 WO 1998023435A1 EP 9705169 W EP9705169 W EP 9705169W WO 9823435 A1 WO9823435 A1 WO 9823435A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
process according
tube
plastic
tubes
plastic material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1997/005169
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Hans Peter Erz
Ove Hededam
Original Assignee
Norsk Hydro Asa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norsk Hydro Asa filed Critical Norsk Hydro Asa
Priority to AU47765/97A priority Critical patent/AU4776597A/en
Publication of WO1998023435A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998023435A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products
    • B29L2009/003—Layered products comprising a metal layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/005—Hoses, i.e. flexible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid

Definitions

  • the invention also relates to a process for connecting a first object at least partially made of plastic with a second object at least partially made of plastic material.
  • This object is obtained by means of a process as described above, which process further comprises the step of making contact between a plastic part of the first object with a plastic part of the second object and subsequently subjecting the so contacted surfaces to vibration welding.
  • Vibration welding can make use of different frequencies, dependent upon the desired result. So it is possible to use low frequency vibration i.e. below 3000 Hz, whereby a high strength of the joint can be obtained. As a rule however the joint is much stronger than the bracket itself, so that ultrasonic vibrations may be used, preferably above 20.000 HZ. The use of such high frequency offers better production possibilities, as there is no sound generated and the amplitude of the vibration might be small.
  • the two plastic materials of the two objects to be connected are substantially identical. It has been found that better bounds can be obtained if the chemical base structure of both plastic material is identical, i.e. the same polymer and polymer structure. Otherwise there may be small differences between the two plastic materials with respect to secondary characteristics such as filling agents, plastifiers etc., which may be selected in view of the construction and application of the two objects to be connected.
  • the plastic material is polyamide.
  • the invention also relates to a process for connecting a metal tube to a bracket or the like, which metal tube has been coated with a plastic material, preferably polyamide and the bracket being made of the same or another plastic material.
  • metal tubes are used.
  • metal tubing is applied e.g. as gasoline supply tube, tube connection for power steering, tubing for air conditioning purposes and liquid connection for the brakes.
  • Metal welding or bracing for fixing brackets to a metal tube has a number of disadvantages. After the application of the bracket, the tube must be submitted to a so-called burst pression operation in order to see whether the tube has not been damaged in view of possible leakage.
  • the tube Before the application of the welding or bracing techique the tube must be chemically cleaned, with possible negative environmental influence, or the need for special precautions as aggressive chemical compositions have to be used. After the welding or bracing the interior of the tube must be cleaned once more in order to remove the dirt introduced by joining the bracket to the tube in this way. Recycling of metal tubes with welded or braced brackets is also a difficult task as generally a number of different metals and alloys are present in the combination, which are difficult to separate, as this generally requires a complete remelting and separation of the mixture. After connecting the metal bracket to a metal tube by welding or bracing there still is a need for additional protection against corrosion or abrasion, which requires either a chemical treatment or a coating.
  • plastic material preferably polyamide.
  • Polyamide has the advantage of being well processable and at the same time offer a good protection against corrosion and abrasion.
  • polyamide coatings have the special advantage of being well resistant to impact by gravel, stones or the like, because they have the right combination of strength and elasticity. After coating the tube this can be cut to the desired length and bent or otherwise deformed in order to bring it in the right shape for its application.
  • brackets In order to fix the tube in its application it is provided with brackets.
  • these brackets are also made of plastic material such as polyamide and most preferably the two materials, coating and bracket, are identical as this will result in the best bond between the two parts.
  • the bracket might be in the shape of U-shaped member having an open end with a width corresponding substantially to the diameter of the tube to which it must be applied.
  • One leg of this U-shaped member may be extended and provided with a bore through which a screw may be passed in order to fix the bracket to its appliance.
  • Vibration welding is a technique whereby the two parts are moved relatively to each other at a defined frequency whereby sufficient heat is generated to partly melt the two parts and after solidifying connect the two parts.
  • Al-tubes coated with polyamide combined with brackets made from polyamide has a special advantage in the recycling of these tubes. After loosening the tube from its appliance by e.g. unscrewing the polyamide can be removed easily for the aluminium, by either melting, solving or even burning. Burning does not have any negative environmental effect as only water, carbondioxide and nitrogen are generated. After that the pure aluminium alloy used for making the tube remains, which can easily be remelted and reused; without need for a cumbersome separation step.
  • the invention also relates to a process for connecting a metal tube to a flexible hose, which metal tube has been coated with a plastic material, preferably polyamide and the hose being made of the same or another plastic material.
  • the tube is of the type as described above and a number of problems encountered in the use of such tubes when being connected to a flexible hose applies as well to this application of the invention.
  • the flexible hose can be connected in different ways to an aluminium tube.
  • the most common system, mostly used in car manufacturing is the insertion of the tube into the hose and applying a clamping ring around both the tube and the hose at the overlap area.
  • This type of connection is labour intensive and especially in case of thin walled tubes special precautions are required in order to not deform the tubes.
  • German patent application 1960 0010 there is described a method using injection moulding in order to connect the tube to the hose. Although this will result in a reliable connection , the system is cumbersome in that it requires an injection moulding machine and a special die design. This makes the equipment not very flexible, especially not if different sizes of tubes and hoses must be processed.

Abstract

Process for connecting a first object at least partially made of plastic with a second object at least partially made of plastic material, comprising the step of making contact between a plastic part of the first object with a plastic part of the second object and subsequently subjecting the so contacted surfaces to vibration welding. Preferably the plastic used is polyamide, if needed reinforced with glass fibres.

Description

Process for connecting two objects
The invention also relates to a process for connecting a first object at least partially made of plastic with a second object at least partially made of plastic material.
In the art a number of methods or processes for connecting two objects have been described. In case of objects partially consisting of plastic materials it has been found difficult to find a method for connecting these objects through this plastic portions as there is a problem with respect to the compatibility of the materials. On the one hand, traditional connecting techniques such as screws, bolts or rivets are not always possible because of the shape of the objects of the application in which the connected objects will be used.
On the other hand it is not always possible to use different processes based upon gluing or welding, as the plastic material are not suitable for such techniques or in that it is not possible, because of the shape of the objects to use the required equipment for the application thereof.
It is an object of the invention to provide a process for connecting such objects which is generally applicable and in which the above mentioned problems are avoided.
This object is obtained by means of a process as described above, which process further comprises the step of making contact between a plastic part of the first object with a plastic part of the second object and subsequently subjecting the so contacted surfaces to vibration welding.
In this way it becomes possible to connect two objects of all kind of shapes and irrespective of the place where the different connections between the two objects has to be made.
Vibration welding can make use of different frequencies, dependent upon the desired result. So it is possible to use low frequency vibration i.e. below 3000 Hz, whereby a high strength of the joint can be obtained. As a rule however the joint is much stronger than the bracket itself, so that ultrasonic vibrations may be used, preferably above 20.000 HZ. The use of such high frequency offers better production possibilities, as there is no sound generated and the amplitude of the vibration might be small.
Preferably the two plastic materials of the two objects to be connected are substantially identical. It has been found that better bounds can be obtained if the chemical base structure of both plastic material is identical, i.e. the same polymer and polymer structure. Otherwise there may be small differences between the two plastic materials with respect to secondary characteristics such as filling agents, plastifiers etc., which may be selected in view of the construction and application of the two objects to be connected.
Preferably the plastic material is polyamide.
The invention also relates to a process for connecting a metal tube to a bracket or the like, which metal tube has been coated with a plastic material, preferably polyamide and the bracket being made of the same or another plastic material.
In a number of applications metal tubes are used. In the automotive industry especially metal tubing is applied e.g. as gasoline supply tube, tube connection for power steering, tubing for air conditioning purposes and liquid connection for the brakes.
It was standard to use metal tubes, especially steel tubes for this purpose. These tubes were mostly so-called welded tubes, which after being cut to the desired length, were bent in the shape necessary for the application and provided with brackets to fix the tube in its final position. Preferably the fixing between the bracket and the tube was done by welding or bracing the bracket to the outer wall of the tube.
The use of loose brackets which are fixed by means of clamping forces to the tube shows a number of disadvantages especially in automotive applications, in which the tubes are generally exposed to environmental conditions and erosion or abrasive circumstances due to gravel or stones hitting the tubes. The slits between the bracket and the tube are especially sensitive to corrosion and wear under such conditions, as they will act as a catch for these objects. Fixed brackets are preferred as it becomes impossible to change the position or orientation of the bracket afterwards. This improves substantially the mounting time of the tube in the end product such as a car.
Metal welding or bracing for fixing brackets to a metal tube has a number of disadvantages. After the application of the bracket, the tube must be submitted to a so-called burst pression operation in order to see whether the tube has not been damaged in view of possible leakage.
Before the application of the welding or bracing techique the tube must be chemically cleaned, with possible negative environmental influence, or the need for special precautions as aggressive chemical compositions have to be used. After the welding or bracing the interior of the tube must be cleaned once more in order to remove the dirt introduced by joining the bracket to the tube in this way. Recycling of metal tubes with welded or braced brackets is also a difficult task as generally a number of different metals and alloys are present in the combination, which are difficult to separate, as this generally requires a complete remelting and separation of the mixture. After connecting the metal bracket to a metal tube by welding or bracing there still is a need for additional protection against corrosion or abrasion, which requires either a chemical treatment or a coating. This is generally complicated as the tube has already its ultimate shape which might be very complex to handle. Recently metal tubes have been used provided with a coating of plastic material. Preferably these tubes were made out of aluminium. In a preferred form these were extruded tubes, but welded tubes might be used as well. After the manufacturing of these tubes, either by extrusion or welding these tubes are coated with plastic material preferably polyamide. Polyamide has the advantage of being well processable and at the same time offer a good protection against corrosion and abrasion. Furthermore polyamide coatings have the special advantage of being well resistant to impact by gravel, stones or the like, because they have the right combination of strength and elasticity. After coating the tube this can be cut to the desired length and bent or otherwise deformed in order to bring it in the right shape for its application. In order to fix the tube in its application it is provided with brackets. Preferably these brackets are also made of plastic material such as polyamide and most preferably the two materials, coating and bracket, are identical as this will result in the best bond between the two parts. The bracket might be in the shape of U-shaped member having an open end with a width corresponding substantially to the diameter of the tube to which it must be applied. One leg of this U-shaped member may be extended and provided with a bore through which a screw may be passed in order to fix the bracket to its appliance.
In order to fix the bracket to the tube use is made of vibration welding. Vibration welding is a technique whereby the two parts are moved relatively to each other at a defined frequency whereby sufficient heat is generated to partly melt the two parts and after solidifying connect the two parts.
The use of Al-tubes coated with polyamide combined with brackets made from polyamide has a special advantage in the recycling of these tubes. After loosening the tube from its appliance by e.g. unscrewing the polyamide can be removed easily for the aluminium, by either melting, solving or even burning. Burning does not have any negative environmental effect as only water, carbondioxide and nitrogen are generated. After that the pure aluminium alloy used for making the tube remains, which can easily be remelted and reused; without need for a cumbersome separation step.
The invention also relates to a process for connecting a metal tube to a flexible hose, which metal tube has been coated with a plastic material, preferably polyamide and the hose being made of the same or another plastic material.
The tube is of the type as described above and a number of problems encountered in the use of such tubes when being connected to a flexible hose applies as well to this application of the invention.
In practice the flexible hose can be connected in different ways to an aluminium tube. The most common system, mostly used in car manufacturing is the insertion of the tube into the hose and applying a clamping ring around both the tube and the hose at the overlap area. This type of connection is labour intensive and especially in case of thin walled tubes special precautions are required in order to not deform the tubes.
In German patent application 1960 0010 there is described a method using injection moulding in order to connect the tube to the hose. Although this will result in a reliable connection , the system is cumbersome in that it requires an injection moulding machine and a special die design. This makes the equipment not very flexible, especially not if different sizes of tubes and hoses must be processed.
By the use of vibration welding a very reliable and flexible process has been obtained allowing a quick change to different dimensions. In order to have a sufficient transmission of the energy during vibration welding it is recommended to provide the plastic material of the hose with a filling agent. This filling agent must have the physical characteristics of transferring the energy to the interface between the hose and the tube. Especially suitable are glass fibres with a length of less than 10 mm, preferably less then 3 mm.
It is obvious that the invention is not restricted to the above described examples, but that modifications within the scope to the claims are possible.

Claims

Claims
1. Process for connecting a first object at least partially made of plastic with a second object at least partially made of plastic material, comprising the step of making contact between a plastic part of the first object with a plastic part of the second object and subsequently subjecting the so contacted surfaces to vibration welding.
2. Process according to claim 1 , characterised in that the vibration welding is done at low frequency, preferably below 3000 Hz.
3. Process according to claim 1 , characterised in that the vibration welding is done at ultra sonic frequency, preferably above 20.000 Hz.
4. Process according to any one of the proceeding claims, characterises in that the plastic materials of both objects are substantially identical.
5. Process according to any of the proceeding claims, characterised in that at least one of the plastic materials is polyamide.
6. Process according to any one of the proceeding claims, characterised that the first object is a metal tube coated with a plastic material.
7. Process according to claim 6, characterised in that the second object is a bracket.
8. Process according to claim 6, characterised in that the second object is a flexible hose.
9. Process according to any of claim 6 - 8, characterised in that the plastic material of the second object is filled with glass fibres.
10. Process according to claim 9, characterised in that the glass fibres have a length of less than 10 mm.
1 1. Process according to claim 10, characterised in that the glass fibres have a length of less than 3 mm.
PCT/EP1997/005169 1996-11-29 1997-09-10 Process for connecting two objects WO1998023435A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU47765/97A AU4776597A (en) 1996-11-29 1997-09-10 Process for connecting two objects

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96203379 1996-11-29
EP96203379.1 1996-11-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998023435A1 true WO1998023435A1 (en) 1998-06-04

Family

ID=8224643

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1997/005169 WO1998023435A1 (en) 1996-11-29 1997-09-10 Process for connecting two objects

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4776597A (en)
WO (1) WO1998023435A1 (en)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3058513A (en) * 1959-03-24 1962-10-16 Ruhrchemie Ag Welding thermoplastic bodies together
FR2242213A1 (en) * 1973-08-29 1975-03-28 Dunlop Ltd Fused joints or fittings for flexible hoses - obtd. by friction welding between compatible matls or linings
US3966520A (en) * 1975-07-14 1976-06-29 Branson Ultrasonics Corporation Method of ultrasonically welding a circumferential telescoping joint
GB2118895A (en) * 1982-04-23 1983-11-09 Cosden Technology Oscillatory bonding
US4469547A (en) * 1984-01-13 1984-09-04 Boise Cascade Corporation Spin-bonding apparatus including an axially displaceable spinner member
EP0448936A1 (en) * 1990-03-26 1991-10-02 Salomon S.A. Method of joining a support device and a ski and a combination of a support device and a ski
EP0485651A1 (en) * 1990-11-13 1992-05-20 Gerhard Rosenberg Tool for polyfusion welding of extruded plastic-aluminium compound pipes with fittings or moulded parts
JPH07186263A (en) * 1993-12-28 1995-07-25 Toyota Motor Corp Bonding method for plastic member
GB2293790A (en) * 1994-10-06 1996-04-10 Haldo Dev Ltd Method and apparatus for joining plastics components
WO1997017189A1 (en) * 1995-11-08 1997-05-15 Alliedsignal Inc. Improved performance of vibration welded thermoplastic joints

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3058513A (en) * 1959-03-24 1962-10-16 Ruhrchemie Ag Welding thermoplastic bodies together
FR2242213A1 (en) * 1973-08-29 1975-03-28 Dunlop Ltd Fused joints or fittings for flexible hoses - obtd. by friction welding between compatible matls or linings
US3966520A (en) * 1975-07-14 1976-06-29 Branson Ultrasonics Corporation Method of ultrasonically welding a circumferential telescoping joint
GB2118895A (en) * 1982-04-23 1983-11-09 Cosden Technology Oscillatory bonding
US4469547A (en) * 1984-01-13 1984-09-04 Boise Cascade Corporation Spin-bonding apparatus including an axially displaceable spinner member
EP0448936A1 (en) * 1990-03-26 1991-10-02 Salomon S.A. Method of joining a support device and a ski and a combination of a support device and a ski
EP0485651A1 (en) * 1990-11-13 1992-05-20 Gerhard Rosenberg Tool for polyfusion welding of extruded plastic-aluminium compound pipes with fittings or moulded parts
JPH07186263A (en) * 1993-12-28 1995-07-25 Toyota Motor Corp Bonding method for plastic member
GB2293790A (en) * 1994-10-06 1996-04-10 Haldo Dev Ltd Method and apparatus for joining plastics components
WO1997017189A1 (en) * 1995-11-08 1997-05-15 Alliedsignal Inc. Improved performance of vibration welded thermoplastic joints

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"VIBRATION WELDING OF MOULDED PARTS AND SEMI-FINISHED PARTS OF THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS IN MASS PRODUCTION", WELDING IN THE WORLD, vol. 35, no. 2, 1 March 1995 (1995-03-01), pages 138 - 146, XP000501642 *
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 9538, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A35, AN 95-289015, XP002050700 *
KAGAN V A ET AL: "OPTIMIZING THE VIBRATION WELDING OF GLASS-REINFORCED NYLON JOINTS", PLASTICS ENGINEERING, vol. 52, no. 9, September 1996 (1996-09-01), pages 39 - 41, XP000636014 *

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Publication number Publication date
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