WO1997038854A1 - Wash durable fabric laminates - Google Patents
Wash durable fabric laminates Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997038854A1 WO1997038854A1 PCT/US1997/004930 US9704930W WO9738854A1 WO 1997038854 A1 WO1997038854 A1 WO 1997038854A1 US 9704930 W US9704930 W US 9704930W WO 9738854 A1 WO9738854 A1 WO 9738854A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- layer
- pattern
- adhesive
- laminate
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
- B32B7/14—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties applied in spaced arrangements, e.g. in stripes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/024—Woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
- B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/728—Hydrophilic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2437/00—Clothing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
- Y10T428/2481—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including layer of mechanically interengaged strands, strand-portions or strand-like strips
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
- Y10T428/2481—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including layer of mechanically interengaged strands, strand-portions or strand-like strips
- Y10T428/24818—Knitted, with particular or differential bond sites or intersections
Definitions
- This invention relates to laminates of a fabric material adhered by adhesive to a layer of a non-porous hydrophilic organic polymer.
- Hydrophilic non-porous organic polymers such as polyurethanes, transport water vapor molecules through them by a molecular transport mechanism.
- these polymers "breathe”, i.e., allow water vapor, as in perspiration, to pass through them even though they are not porous, i.e., do not contain voids running from one side to the other. Because they are non ⁇ porous, they are liquid water impervious and air-impermeable (windproof and contamination resistant).
- breathable fabric laminates are created by bonding a continuous film of a hydrophilic polymer to a fabric substrate by using a hydrophobic adhesive deposited in a discontinuous, non- interconnected pattern.
- this invention includes a wash-durable fabric laminate comprising:
- a continuous, non-porous layer of a hydrophilic polymer e.g., a breathable polyurethane, layer
- a fabric layer wherein the polymer layer is bonded to the fabric layer by a discontinuous, but interconnected pattern of an adhesive layer in between; said fabric laminate being water-vapor-permeable, air-impermeable and liquid water impermeable.
- Figure 1 depicts a "dot" adhesive pattern used in the prior art.
- Figure 2 depicts the discontinuous, but interconnected pattern used in this invention.
- continuous is meant that the hydrophilic polymer continuously covers the fabric surface.
- non-porous is meant that there are no voids in the hydrophilic polymer extending from one side of the layer to the other.
- hydrophilic is meant that the polymer has the ability to transport individual water molecules through it by molecular diffusion. Polymers exhibiting this phenomena are referred to sometimes as “breathable” polymers. In polyurethanes, such polymers have repeating ethylene oxide units in them (-CH 2 -CH 2 -0-).
- the discontinuous, but interconnected adhesive pattern 20 is depicted by the grid configuration of adhesive 21 shown in Figure 2. It is discontinuous because it does not completely cover a surface. But, as seen, the configuration is interconnected.
- Wash durability is determined by continuously washing a piece of laminated fabric/hydrophilic polymer in an automatic washing machine (AATCC approved Kenmore washer) using ambient tap water and visually noting the time it takes for the laminate to develop a delaminated area that is 0.5 inches or more in width.
- AATCC approved Kenmore washer automatic washing machine
- the breathable polymer films used were of different thicknesses obtained by extrusion casting of a thermoplastic polyurethane polymer made from 4,4'- diphenylmethane diissocyanate, polyoxyethylene glycol 1450 and 1,4- butanediol in a mole ratio of 4:1:3. These films constituted the continuous, non-porous, hydrophilic polymer layer.
- the adhesive used was a prepolymer of diphenylmethane dissocyanate, polytetramethylene ether glycol 1000, and pentanediol.
- Adhesives of this type are described more fully in U.S. Patent 4,532,316 to Henn, incorporated herein by reference. These adhesives do not transmit any appreciable amount of moisture vapor through them and are considered hydrophobic.
- the laminates were prepared by preheating the adhesive to 105°C and applying it to the hydrophilic polyurethane film in a "dot" pattern using a gravure roll heated at 105 ⁇ C.
- a textile fabric specifically a woven nylon (2.8 oz./yd. 2 supplex Taslite®) fabric, was then applied by feeding it along a moving belt of the adhesive printed film and pressing the fabric between two rolls maintained at 40°C. The same method was used to create laminates using other fabrics like 1.5 oz./yd. 2 nylon Tricot knitted fabric and 5.3 oz./yd. 2 (83% nylon/17% Lycra®) knitted fabric.
- MVTR Moisture Vapor Transmission Rate and records the degree to which the initial sample (i.e. before washing) transmits water vapor.
- MVTR was determined as follows: A potassium acetate solution, having a paste like consistency, was prepared from potassium acetate and distilled water. (Such a paste may be obtained by combining 230g potassium acetate with 100g of water, for example). This solution was placed into a 133 ml. polypropylene cup, having an inside diameter of 6.5 cm. at its mouth. An expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane was provided having a minimum MVTR of approximately 85,000 g/m 2 -24 hr. as tested by the method described in U.S. Patent No. 4,862,730 to Crosby. The ePTFE was heat sealed to the lip of the cup to create a taut, leakproof, microporous barrier containing the solution.
- ePTFE expanded polytetrafluoroethylene
- a similar ePTFE membrane was mounted to the surface of a water bath.
- the water bath assembly was controlled at 23°C ⁇ 0.2°C, utilizing a temperature controlled room and a water circulating bath.
- a sample to be tested Prior to performing the MVTR test procedure, a sample to be tested was allowed to condition at a temperature of 23°C and a relative humidity of 50%.
- the sample to be tested was placed directly on the ePTFE membrane mounted to the surface of the water bath and allowed to equilibrate for 15 minutes prior to the introduction of the cup assembly.
- the cup assembly was weighed to the nearest 1/1000g and was placed in an inverted manner onto the center of the test sample.
- Water transport was provided by a driving force defined by the difference in relative humidity existing between the water in the water bath and the saturated salt solution of the inverted cup assembly. The sample was tested for 10 minutes and the cup assembly was then removed and weighed again within 1/1000g.
- the MVTR of the sample was calculated from the weight gain of the cup assembly and was expressed in grams of water per square meter of sample surface area per 24 hours. Five areas within a sample were tested and the average value is reported here.
- nonporous hydrophilic films include various polyurethane polymers with ethylene oxide units, as well as, polyetheresters, such as are available under Sympatex® and Hytrel® trademarks and polyetheresteramides available under Pebax® trademark, and the like.
- Suitable fabrics include ones made from cotton, wool, polyamide, polyester, or the like or blends of these materials. These fabrics may be woven, non-woven, knit, or the like.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002227794A CA2227794C (en) | 1996-04-17 | 1997-03-25 | Wash durable fabric laminates |
JP9537105A JP2000508979A (en) | 1996-04-17 | 1997-03-25 | Washable durable fabric laminate |
AU23466/97A AU2346697A (en) | 1996-04-17 | 1997-03-25 | Wash durable fabric laminates |
EP97916233A EP0897333A1 (en) | 1996-04-17 | 1997-03-25 | Wash durable fabric laminates |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/633,714 US5660918A (en) | 1996-04-17 | 1996-04-17 | Wash durable fabric laminates |
US08/633,714 | 1996-04-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997038854A1 true WO1997038854A1 (en) | 1997-10-23 |
Family
ID=24540812
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1997/004930 WO1997038854A1 (en) | 1996-04-17 | 1997-03-25 | Wash durable fabric laminates |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5660918A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0897333A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2000508979A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2346697A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2227794C (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997038854A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0982119B1 (en) * | 1998-08-28 | 2012-08-01 | Mmi-Ipco, Llc | Windproof and water resistant composite fabric |
TR200101727T2 (en) | 1998-09-08 | 2001-11-21 | Brookwood Companies Incorporated | Waterproof, breathable laminate and a method for making it. |
CN102703379B (en) * | 1999-01-19 | 2015-06-03 | 查珀尔希尔北卡罗来纳大学 | Human liver progenitors |
US6645887B2 (en) * | 2001-05-17 | 2003-11-11 | Burlington Industries, Inc. | Durable waterproof breathable laminate |
US7805818B2 (en) | 2001-09-05 | 2010-10-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Nonwoven loop member for a mechanical fastener |
US7178171B2 (en) * | 2002-08-19 | 2007-02-20 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Elastomeric gloves having enhanced breathability |
TWM251728U (en) * | 2003-09-02 | 2004-12-01 | Diamond Hosiery & Thread Co Lt | Highly air permeable, moisture permeable, wet-proof, wind-blocking fast dried functional cloth |
GB0323387D0 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2003-11-05 | Dailys Ltd | Nursing pad |
FR2860799B1 (en) * | 2003-10-08 | 2006-02-17 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | COATING COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING AQUEOUS FILM-FORMER POLYMER DISPERSION AND POLYETHER SILICONE, PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION AND USES THEREOF |
US20050124242A1 (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2005-06-09 | Jean Norvell | Novel polymer films and textile laminates containing such polymer films |
US7185604B2 (en) * | 2004-04-12 | 2007-03-06 | Debra Leah Holte | Orthopedic pet cushion |
AU2005237985B2 (en) | 2004-04-20 | 2010-10-21 | Genzyme Corporation | Surgical mesh-like implant |
US20050262620A1 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2005-12-01 | Shulong Li | Protective garment system having activated carbon composite with improved adsorbency |
WO2006080933A2 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2006-08-03 | Milliken & Company | Composite containing activated carbon and process for making the same |
US20060080810A1 (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2006-04-20 | Horn Thomas A | Bonding patterns for construction of a knitted fabric landing zone |
ES2309606T3 (en) * | 2005-02-12 | 2008-12-16 | Nordenia Deutschland Gronau Gmbh | ELEMENT OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR A LAPA CLOSURE, ESPECIALLY A CLAMP CLOSURE, AND PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING. |
US8216660B2 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2012-07-10 | Shawmut Corporation | Halogen and plasticizer free permeable laminate |
US20090068412A1 (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2009-03-12 | Shawmut Corporation | Polyurethane upholstery |
CN102083618B (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2015-04-08 | 东洋纺高机能制品贸易株式会社 | Moisture-permeable and water-proof fabric and method for producing the same |
US8506749B1 (en) | 2010-01-27 | 2013-08-13 | Dartex Coatings, Inc. | Method of improving adhesive coverage to maximize waterproofness while maintaining breathability of adhesively laminated webs, and laminates produced thereby |
US10391736B2 (en) | 2013-06-11 | 2019-08-27 | Chen-Cheng Huang | Breathable and waterproof composite fabric and a method of making the same |
TWI523757B (en) * | 2013-06-11 | 2016-03-01 | zhen-zheng Huang | Breathable waterproof composite cloth |
JPWO2018235668A1 (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2020-04-23 | 倉敷紡績株式会社 | Thermal storage moisture-permeable waterproof fabric |
TWM552932U (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-11 | Wisher Industrial Co Ltd | Fabric |
DE202020102447U1 (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-01-22 | Trans-Textil Gmbh | Textile laminate for protective clothing and protective clothing |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1283067A (en) * | 1968-08-05 | 1972-07-26 | Kimberly Clark Co | Improvements in and relating to resilient sheet material |
US3870592A (en) * | 1970-02-27 | 1975-03-11 | Kimberly Clark Co | Laminates containing outer plies of continuous filament webs |
GB1590102A (en) * | 1976-10-15 | 1981-05-28 | Hercules Inc | Stabilised fabrics |
US4761324A (en) * | 1987-06-24 | 1988-08-02 | Rautenberg Leonard J | Elastic, laminated, water-proof, moisture-permeable fabric |
DE4003764A1 (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1991-08-14 | Ruiter Ernest De | Sterilisable fabric for medical uses - comprises wash-proof combination of absorbent fabric bonded to polyurethane membrane reinforced with light synthetic knitted material |
EP0560630A1 (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1993-09-15 | McNEIL-PPC, INC. | Bicomponent polymeric films containing block poly (ether-co-amides) |
DE9311632U1 (en) * | 1993-08-04 | 1994-09-29 | Mayser Gmbh & Co | Textile headgear |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4532316A (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1985-07-30 | W. L. Gore & Assoc., Inc. | Phase separating polyurethane prepolymers and elastomers prepared by reacting a polyol having a molecular weight of 600-3500 and isocyanate and a low molecular weight chain extender in which the ratios of reactants have a limited range |
US4862730A (en) * | 1988-10-03 | 1989-09-05 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Test method for determination of moisture vapor transmission rate |
US4935287A (en) * | 1989-08-30 | 1990-06-19 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Stretchable laminate constructions |
-
1996
- 1996-04-17 US US08/633,714 patent/US5660918A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-03-25 WO PCT/US1997/004930 patent/WO1997038854A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-03-25 EP EP97916233A patent/EP0897333A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-03-25 JP JP9537105A patent/JP2000508979A/en active Pending
- 1997-03-25 CA CA002227794A patent/CA2227794C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-25 AU AU23466/97A patent/AU2346697A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1283067A (en) * | 1968-08-05 | 1972-07-26 | Kimberly Clark Co | Improvements in and relating to resilient sheet material |
US3870592A (en) * | 1970-02-27 | 1975-03-11 | Kimberly Clark Co | Laminates containing outer plies of continuous filament webs |
GB1590102A (en) * | 1976-10-15 | 1981-05-28 | Hercules Inc | Stabilised fabrics |
US4761324A (en) * | 1987-06-24 | 1988-08-02 | Rautenberg Leonard J | Elastic, laminated, water-proof, moisture-permeable fabric |
US4761324B1 (en) * | 1987-06-24 | 1991-05-07 | Elastic,laminated,water-proof,moisture-permeable fabric | |
DE4003764A1 (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1991-08-14 | Ruiter Ernest De | Sterilisable fabric for medical uses - comprises wash-proof combination of absorbent fabric bonded to polyurethane membrane reinforced with light synthetic knitted material |
EP0560630A1 (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1993-09-15 | McNEIL-PPC, INC. | Bicomponent polymeric films containing block poly (ether-co-amides) |
DE9311632U1 (en) * | 1993-08-04 | 1994-09-29 | Mayser Gmbh & Co | Textile headgear |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0897333A1 (en) | 1999-02-24 |
US5660918A (en) | 1997-08-26 |
JP2000508979A (en) | 2000-07-18 |
AU2346697A (en) | 1997-11-07 |
CA2227794A1 (en) | 1997-10-23 |
CA2227794C (en) | 2001-05-29 |
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