WO1997034170A2 - Document with transparent, writable hologram and method - Google Patents

Document with transparent, writable hologram and method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997034170A2
WO1997034170A2 PCT/IB1997/000395 IB9700395W WO9734170A2 WO 1997034170 A2 WO1997034170 A2 WO 1997034170A2 IB 9700395 W IB9700395 W IB 9700395W WO 9734170 A2 WO9734170 A2 WO 9734170A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hologram
document
ink
improved form
printed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB1997/000395
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1997034170A3 (en
Inventor
Ernest Chock
Original Assignee
Ernest Chock
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ernest Chock filed Critical Ernest Chock
Priority to AU21748/97A priority Critical patent/AU2174897A/en
Publication of WO1997034170A2 publication Critical patent/WO1997034170A2/en
Publication of WO1997034170A3 publication Critical patent/WO1997034170A3/en

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03HHOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/02Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
    • G03H1/0252Laminate comprising a hologram layer
    • G03H1/0256Laminate comprising a hologram layer having specific functional layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/02Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29Securities; Bank notes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/10Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by electric discharge treatment
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03HHOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/0005Adaptation of holography to specific applications
    • G03H1/0011Adaptation of holography to specific applications for security or authentication
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03HHOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/02Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
    • G03H1/024Hologram nature or properties
    • G03H1/0244Surface relief holograms
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03HHOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/04Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
    • G03H1/18Particular processing of hologram record carriers, e.g. for obtaining blazed holograms
    • G03H1/182Post-exposure processing, e.g. latensification
    • G03H2001/183Erasing the holographic information
    • G03H2001/184Partially erasing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03HHOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2250/00Laminate comprising a hologram layer
    • G03H2250/10Laminate comprising a hologram layer arranged to be transferred onto a carrier body
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03HHOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2250/00Laminate comprising a hologram layer
    • G03H2250/40Printed information overlapped with the hologram

Definitions

  • holograms are defined as embossed holograms, including embossed diffractive gratings BACKGROUND
  • Dennison discloses a method for mass-producing holograms for use with security documents (WO8903760) by coating thermoplastic onto metallized paper and / or heat- resistant plastic substrates which may be employed for embossing holograms or diffractive patterns at high speed If non-holographic information or art work is to be printed over the top surface, the hologram can be covered with an ink-compatible layer to make it ink- receptive
  • such holograms are conventionally protected with a transparent laminate to preserve the integrity of the holograms and to deter their duplication
  • Malik discloses several methods for using non-continuous reflective holograms to prevent forgery U S Pat 5,41 1 ,296 for laminating written personal data, photos, and the like between a substrate and a protected discontinuous hologram; U.S.
  • a magnetic layer or magnetic ink has also been used on holograms to increase the difficulty of forging.
  • Sander U.S.Pat. 4,631,222
  • Suess et al disclose a method for producing an embossed holographic layer with an additional magnetic layer and a metallic layer.
  • See-through holograms on paper or plastic substrate can be made by coating polymer / thermoplastic such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, or styrene, etc. and embossing the hologram on it, as is well known in the industry. Slightly more reflective holograms can also be made by depositing very slight amount of metal, of the order of nanometer thickness These polymeric layer can also accept additives to enhance counterfeit resistance while remaining essentially transparent and not too highly reflective as in the case of metallized holograms.
  • additives to the polymer used for fabricating a see-through and writeable holograms Addition of such materials to the see-through writeable hologram can enhance their easy authentication and increase their counterfeit-resistance. Among these materials are:
  • Thermoch omic dyes that changes color upon temperature change can be added to the holographic polymeric resin, or to the printing ink, or on the paper to be covered with the hologram Borowski (U S Pat 5,403,039), for example, describes a thermochromic printing ink for lottery tickets In some cases, the stability of the dye can be improved by incorporating the dye in the plastic solid, or in others, by laminating it between protective layers
  • Photochromic dyes that can reversibly change color upon exposure to light can be incorporated into the ink or into polymer comprising the hologram Tagaya, et a, for example, describe methods of incorporating photochromic material in thin film
  • Fluorescent dyes with high extinction coefficients that can emit at specific wavelengths when excited with a light source at another specific wavelength Such dyes can also be incorporated into polymeric resins used for making the hologram or printed on the document before covering it with the transparent hologram Sachetti (U
  • the invention is a see-through hologram coated over the entire security document or a fraction thereof
  • Security documents in this context include, but are not limited to, bank drafts, traveler's checks, birth certificates, stock certificates, property title papers, immigration papers, tax documents, academic transcripts and diplomas, membership or award certificates, receipts for valuables, permits, licenses, driver's license, identification cards, social security cards, entitlement cards, credit cards, lottery tickets, admission tickets and the like
  • "Document” in this context refers to a paper substrate, as in checks or certificates, or plastic substrate, as in plastic credit cards or identification cards
  • the holographic document is printed similarly to a conventional document except that all or portion of the top surface of the document, including the signature entry area, and/or other areas for entry of important information, such as the name, the monetary value, date, etc is (are) covered with a writeable see-through hologram
  • the top surface of the hologram is a transparent ink- compatible material for writing or marking ink images thereon Upon application of the signature, writing or printing over the hologram, the pen, impact printer, or laser writer, etc would partially destroy the embossing of the hologram This occultation and / or etching of the hologram largely neutralizes the utility of its direct image copy reproduction by counterfeiters.
  • a small hologram may be employed to cover only the signature area, or several such holograms may be employed to cover several areas of the document.
  • the hologram(s) of this embodiment cover both the signature entry area and/or various other data entry areas, e.g., areas for entering the date, name of the payee or owner, amount of the monetary value, etc.
  • the signature entry area and the various data entry areas are coated with a see-through hologram with an ink-receptive top layer for the destructive writing, printing or etching
  • fluorescent ink may be used to print a portion of the substrate to be covered with the hologram.
  • the document may be covered with hologram(s) whose polymer is doped with small concentration of fluorescent dye having high extinction coefficient or high quantum yield
  • thermochromic material may be used in printing portion(s) of the substrate paper or plastic card
  • thermochromic dye instead of fluorescent dye(s), small concentration of thermochromic dye is added into the polymeric make up of the hologram.
  • thermochromic dye instead of fluorescent ink photochromic ink is used to print part of the substrate paper or plastic card
  • a variation of the fourth embodiment instead of fluorescent dye, small concentration of photochromic dye is included in the polymer of the hologram.
  • a variation of the third claim magnetic ink is used in printing portion(s) of the substrate paper or plastic card
  • one dimensional or two dimensional bar code may be printed on the substrate paper or plastic card, or on the top of the hologram surface
  • a transparent top protective cover is added after the writing has been entered
  • FIG 1 is a plan view of an unsigned or unissued document, in this case, represented by a bank draft having a single large hologram encompassing both the signature entry area and the date entry areas, the signature entry area and the date entry areas having a see- through hologram with an ink-compatible top surface.
  • FIG 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the unsigned holographic bank draft of FIG 1, illustrating intact holographic embossing
  • FIG 3 is a view of a holographic bank draft form onto which the drawer's signature has been affixed and onto which the terms of the bank draft have been entered.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the holographic bank draft form of FIG 3, illustrating holographic embossing which has been partially destroyed by a signature
  • FIG 5 is a plan view of a completed bank draft form with a protective laminate thereover
  • FIG 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the completed holographic bank draft of FIG 5 illustrating a transparent protective layer covering the signature
  • the holographic bank draft form (2) includes a substrate (4) of paper or other material for supporting the holograms
  • the substrate (4) may include printed material such as the bank identification numbers (6) in magnetic ink as is used in conventional bank drafts, on the bottom margin (8) of the bank draft form (2)
  • Overlaying part or all of the substrate (4) is a hologram ( 10) which is bonded or otherwise attached to the substrate (4) by the conventional method described below
  • Those items necessary to make a conventional bank draft form (2) which are not printed onto the substrate (4) can be printed or otherwise incorporated onto the hologram (10)
  • the name and address of the bank ( 12) and the drawer ( 14) and the executory language of the bank draft form (2) may be printed either onto the substrate (4) or onto the hologram (10)
  • the signature entry area such as the bank identification numbers (6) in magnetic ink as is used in conventional bank drafts, on the bottom margin (8) of the bank draft form (2)
  • Overlaying part or all of the substrate (4) is a hologram ( 10) which
  • the first type is a see-through thermoplastic refractive surface (8) formed by embossing or otherwise formed with a pattern of ridges (22) and troughs (24) in the submicrometer range for forming a conventional holographic pattern
  • This coating may be applied according to Dennison's method of high speed coating of thermoplastic coating on paper
  • Other methods include hot-stamping a holographic image foil ( 10) with heat activated adhesive onto the substrate (4) , or, attaching the hologram to the substrate with pressure sensitive adhesive
  • These methods are all well known in the industry
  • Other conventional methods for embossing, electroplating, etching, ion etching, etc are well known and may be employed for forming holograms (10) of this type, i e of the type which has a pattern of ridges (22) and troughs (24)
  • the see-through thermoplastic may be made of polymers such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, sty
  • the second type of preferred hologram ( 10) is a modification of the first by having a very thin coating of metal, i e in the order of tens of Angstroms thick, thus retaining the see- through property while enhancing the reflectivity of the hologram where desired with-out making it too reflective so as to be unsuitable for legitimate photocopying
  • the third type of preferred hologram ( 10) employs a see-through photosensitized polymeric layer having an alternating pattern of dark and bright contrasting lines within the submicrometer range for forming the holographic image, such as those available from Du Pont
  • an ink compatible layer (26) or primer may be applied as a thin coating over the entire hologram ( 10) or alternatively, such surface can be made ink-compatible through corona discharge, a technique well known in the industry
  • the ink-compatible layer (26) is applied to only those areas on which data must be affixed
  • the coating of ink- compatible material (26) over the hologram may also take other patterns Several materials well known in the industry are suitable as ink-compatible coatings Polyvinyl or polyacetate, for examples, may serve as a preferred composition of the ink compatible layer (26)
  • an executed holographic bank draft or document (2) may then be formed from the blank holographic bank draft or document from (2) by entering the appropriate data into the data entry areas (20) (i e the date, name, values etc ) and then affixing the issuer's signature (18) onto the signature entry area (16) of the hologram (10) as illustrated in FIG 3 and 4.
  • affixation of the signature(s) (18) should be done with an ink writing instrument, or an instrument that etches into the hologram, e g a pen, an impact dot-printer, or computer directed laser beam writer Entry of the terms of the bank draft and other data to holographic areas may also be made by inked pens, by type- writers, printers, laser writer, etc
  • the hologram (10) is made of photosensitive polymeric layer
  • the affixation of the signature (18) serves to partially deface the holographic image by blocking or occulting that portion of the hologram (10) over which the signature (18) is affixed
  • the hologram (10) is of the type which includes a pattern of ridges (22) and troughs (24)
  • the affixation of the signature (18) serves to partially deface the holographic image both by etching the signature (18) onto the embossed holographic pattern and by partially blocking or occulting that portion of the hologram
  • FIG 5 and 6 illustrate a preferred embodiment of the holographic bank draft (2) which includes a protective laminate (28) for covering the signature (18) and for preventing or deterring its alteration or removal
  • a preferred protective laminate (28) has a composition of mylar or other transparent film, and may cover not only the signature (18) but also the hologram ( 10) and/or the entire substrate (4) which supports the hologram (10)
  • the protective laminate (28) should be transparent Conventional transparent adhesive tape applied to the hologram (10), for example, may also be employed as a protective laminate (28)
  • the holographic portion may then be optionally covered with a protective laminate (28) so as to prevent alteration
  • the holographic document form (2) comprises a substrate (4) and a holographic sticker panel (10), i.e a tamper-proof adhesive-backed holographic panel or label (10)
  • the document (2) is signed by the user or user's agent by applying the holographic sticker panel (10) to the substrate directly prior to use
  • the holographic sticker panel ( 10) may include one or more signature entry areas (16) and / or data entry areas (20)
  • the signature entry area and/or data entry areas of holographic sticker panel ( 10) are filled in by the user after its attachment to the substrate (4)
  • a preferred tamper-proof adhesive-backed holographic panel ( 10) may includes a tear pattern or image Once the holographic panel ( 10) is applied to the substrate (4), any attempt to peel the holographic panel ( 10) therefrom causes the holographic image to become destroyed due to the uneven attachment of the adhesive backing to the substrate (4) leaving a predetermined tear pattern or a word such as "VOID" on the substrate (4), for example
  • Such tamper-proof adhesive backed holographic panel (10) with designed tear patterns are available from Flexcon, Inc (Spencer, Mass), or from Bridgestone Graphic Technologies, Inc (Bridgeport, CT), for example
  • the tamper-proof adhesive-backed holographic panels ( 10) may be printed with serial number, or bar code The serial numbers or bar code may be logged on a separate registry maintained by the issuing office or bank If the document is stolen, the absence of a valid serial number or bar code number on the holographic sticker panel ( 10) may be ascertained by the issirng office or bank by

Abstract

A security document of value (2) comprising a see through and writable hologram or diffractive grating (10) as an anticounterfeit measure. The hologram (10) may extend over all or a portion of the document (2) such as the signature entry area (16) and other data areas (20) of the document (2). The hologram (10) is made receptable to ink by a coating of ink receptive material (26) or by known corona discharge treatment. Writing (18) or impact printing over the ink compatible surface (26) of the hologram (10) partially occults the hologram (10) underneath such writing (18) and may cause the embossed surface (22, 24) of the hologram (10) to become etched so that even if the ink is removed, a writing trace would remain, thus providing an additional security feature. The hologram (10) may be applied with tamper proof pressure sensitive patterned adhesive, hot stamp, or embossing. The hologram (10) permits incorporation of many other anticounterfeit features. Optionally the hologram (10) may be covered with a protective laminate (28) after the writing (18) or impact printing has been applied.

Description

ANTICOUNTERFEIT DOCUMENTATION WITH SEE-THROUGH AND WRITEABLE HOLOGRAM SPECIFICATION FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to security documents and devices having holographic surfaces, including diffractive grating surfaces More particularly, the invention relates to methods for individualizing such surfaces for security and authentication purposes through the use of writable see-through holograms. In the context of this invention, "holograms" are defined as embossed holograms, including embossed diffractive gratings BACKGROUND
The ease with which modern computer graphic systems and high resolution copiers can generate high quality fake documents has caused a rapid and dramatic increase in document fraud Commonly forged documents include checks, and other documents such as birth certificates, travelers checks, stock certificates, credit cards, receipts for valuables, government documents such as immigration papers, identification cards, social security cards, permits, licenses, tax documents, and other valuable documents such as property title papers, academic transcripts, diplomas, admission tickets, lottery tickets, etc Holograms have been incorporated into security documents such as credit cards and driver licenses for many years to increase the difficulty of forging them Holograms can be made very difficult to duplicate even for expert holographers For examples, computer generated 2D or 3D holograms, in true color, in multiplexes, in many levels (up to 17), or holograms with covert images that are visible only under specific light or condition, etc
Dennison discloses a method for mass-producing holograms for use with security documents (WO8903760) by coating thermoplastic onto metallized paper and / or heat- resistant plastic substrates which may be employed for embossing holograms or diffractive patterns at high speed If non-holographic information or art work is to be printed over the top surface, the hologram can be covered with an ink-compatible layer to make it ink- receptive However, such holograms are conventionally protected with a transparent laminate to preserve the integrity of the holograms and to deter their duplication A variety of patents have been issued for using holograms to deter forgery For example, Malik discloses several methods for using non-continuous reflective holograms to prevent forgery U S Pat 5,41 1 ,296 for laminating written personal data, photos, and the like between a substrate and a protected discontinuous hologram; U.S. Pat 5,145,212, for using analogous protected discontinuous holograms including a non-transparent structure of 2 side-by-side non-continuous holograms, each restructuring a separate image, U.S. Pat. 5, 142,383, for discontinuous metallized holograms including alpha-numeric shapes; and U.S. Pat. 4,921,3 19 for surface relief holographic structure with reflection from an air interface created by adhesive or spacer and welded edges. Boswell (U.S.Pat. 5,464,690) for another example, describes a method of hot stamping finalized document with metallized hologram.
A magnetic layer or magnetic ink has also been used on holograms to increase the difficulty of forging. For examples, Sander (U.S.Pat. 4,631,222) describes a hot embossed holographic layer on top of a magnetic layer; Suess et al disclose a method for producing an embossed holographic layer with an additional magnetic layer and a metallic layer.
With the exception of U.S. Pat.5, 474,715 which involves writable metallized holograms on checks, where the hologram is deliberately intended to be partially destroyed by the writing or printing, all the anticounterfeit holograms are covered with a protective top layer. In metallized holograms, however, the high reflectance from the reflective metal causes black blotches in photocopies when reproduced with a microfilm camera or photo¬ copier. This is an undesirable feature for the banking industry which microfilms or otherwise photocopies their checks daily. What is needed is a see-through writable hologram with lower reflectance that would permit microfilming and photocopying to yield a clearly legible copy for legitimate record purposes but clearly illegitimate when passed off as an original.
See-through holograms on paper or plastic substrate can be made by coating polymer / thermoplastic such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, or styrene, etc. and embossing the hologram on it, as is well known in the industry. Slightly more reflective holograms can also be made by depositing very slight amount of metal, of the order of nanometer thickness These polymeric layer can also accept additives to enhance counterfeit resistance while remaining essentially transparent and not too highly reflective as in the case of metallized holograms. There are several materials that are suitable as additives to the polymer used for fabricating a see-through and writeable holograms. Addition of such materials to the see-through writeable hologram can enhance their easy authentication and increase their counterfeit-resistance. Among these materials are:
(a) Thermoch omic dyes that changes color upon temperature change (when pressed between two fingers, for example) can be added to the holographic polymeric resin, or to the printing ink, or on the paper to be covered with the hologram Borowski (U S Pat 5,403,039), for example, describes a thermochromic printing ink for lottery tickets In some cases, the stability of the dye can be improved by incorporating the dye in the plastic solid, or in others, by laminating it between protective layers (b) Photochromic dyes that can reversibly change color upon exposure to light can be incorporated into the ink or into polymer comprising the hologram Tagaya, et a, for example, describe methods of incorporating photochromic material in thin film (c) Fluorescent dyes with high extinction coefficients that can emit at specific wavelengths when excited with a light source at another specific wavelength Such dyes can also be incorporated into polymeric resins used for making the hologram or printed on the document before covering it with the transparent hologram Sachetti (U S Pat 5,172,937), for example describes the use of fluorescent and phosphorescent dyes for attractive and protective labels Fluorescent and phosphorescent compounds have been available from many companies such as SICPA Secureink Corporation , De la Rue Corp , etc SUMMARY
The invention is a see-through hologram coated over the entire security document or a fraction thereof Security documents in this context include, but are not limited to, bank drafts, traveler's checks, birth certificates, stock certificates, property title papers, immigration papers, tax documents, academic transcripts and diplomas, membership or award certificates, receipts for valuables, permits, licenses, driver's license, identification cards, social security cards, entitlement cards, credit cards, lottery tickets, admission tickets and the like "Document" in this context refers to a paper substrate, as in checks or certificates, or plastic substrate, as in plastic credit cards or identification cards
In its first, most elementary embodiment, the holographic document is printed similarly to a conventional document except that all or portion of the top surface of the document, including the signature entry area, and/or other areas for entry of important information, such as the name, the monetary value, date, etc is (are) covered with a writeable see-through hologram The top surface of the hologram is a transparent ink- compatible material for writing or marking ink images thereon Upon application of the signature, writing or printing over the hologram, the pen, impact printer, or laser writer, etc would partially destroy the embossing of the hologram This occultation and / or etching of the hologram largely neutralizes the utility of its direct image copy reproduction by counterfeiters. Even if the ink of the writing was somehow erased or removed, traces of the writing would remain Such see-through hologram thereby discourages counterfeiters from altering the writing, printing or signature Thus, documents onto which such writable see- through holograms are incorporated are given an increased security in terms of counterfeit resistance
In a variation of the first embodiment, on a conventionally printed document, a small hologram may be employed to cover only the signature area, or several such holograms may be employed to cover several areas of the document. In either case, the hologram(s) of this embodiment cover both the signature entry area and/or various other data entry areas, e.g., areas for entering the date, name of the payee or owner, amount of the monetary value, etc. In this embodiment, the signature entry area and the various data entry areas are coated with a see-through hologram with an ink-receptive top layer for the destructive writing, printing or etching
In a third embodiment, a variation of the first and/or second embodiment, fluorescent ink may be used to print a portion of the substrate to be covered with the hologram.
In a fourth embodiment, which is a variation of the third embodiment, the document may be covered with hologram(s) whose polymer is doped with small concentration of fluorescent dye having high extinction coefficient or high quantum yield
In a fifth embodiment, a variation of the third embodiment, instead of fluorescent dye(s), thermochromic material may be used in printing portion(s) of the substrate paper or plastic card
In a sixth embodiment, a variation of the fourth embodiment, instead of fluorescent dye(s), small concentration of thermochromic dye is added into the polymeric make up of the hologram In a seventh variation of the third embodiment instead of fluorescent ink photochromic ink is used to print part of the substrate paper or plastic card
In an eighth embodiment, a variation of the fourth embodiment, instead of fluorescent dye, small concentration of photochromic dye is included in the polymer of the hologram.
In a ninth embodiment, a variation of the third claim, magnetic ink is used in printing portion(s) of the substrate paper or plastic card In a tenth embodiment, a variation of the first or second embodiment, one dimensional or two dimensional bar code may be printed on the substrate paper or plastic card, or on the top of the hologram surface
In an eleventh embodiment, a variation of any of the above embodiment, a transparent top protective cover is added after the writing has been entered
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG 1 is a plan view of an unsigned or unissued document, in this case, represented by a bank draft having a single large hologram encompassing both the signature entry area and the date entry areas, the signature entry area and the date entry areas having a see- through hologram with an ink-compatible top surface.
FIG 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the unsigned holographic bank draft of FIG 1, illustrating intact holographic embossing
FIG 3 is a view of a holographic bank draft form onto which the drawer's signature has been affixed and onto which the terms of the bank draft have been entered. FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the holographic bank draft form of FIG 3, illustrating holographic embossing which has been partially destroyed by a signature
FIG 5 is a plan view of a completed bank draft form with a protective laminate thereover
FIG 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the completed holographic bank draft of FIG 5 illustrating a transparent protective layer covering the signature
DETAILED DESCRIPTION Using a bank draft as an example of a security document, a preferred embodiment of the holographic bank draft form (2) and a preferred method for using same are illustrated in FIGs. 1-6 In the preferred embodiment, the holographic bank draft form (2) includes a substrate (4) of paper or other material for supporting the holograms The substrate (4) may include printed material such as the bank identification numbers (6) in magnetic ink as is used in conventional bank drafts, on the bottom margin (8) of the bank draft form (2) Overlaying part or all of the substrate (4) is a hologram ( 10) which is bonded or otherwise attached to the substrate (4) by the conventional method described below Those items necessary to make a conventional bank draft form (2) which are not printed onto the substrate (4) can be printed or otherwise incorporated onto the hologram (10) For example, the name and address of the bank ( 12) and the drawer ( 14) and the executory language of the bank draft form (2) may be printed either onto the substrate (4) or onto the hologram (10) In a preferred embodiment, the signature entry area ( 16) for the drawer's signature (18) and the various data entry areas (20) of the bank draft form (2), e g the area for entering the date, the name of the payee, and the amount of the bank draft, are all incorporated into the hologram ( 10) area(s) Such items may be printed directly onto the hologram (10) and partially occult the holographic image Alternatively, such items may be printed onto the substrate prior to overlamination of the hologram
There are three types of preferred holograms (10) applicable to the present invention The first type is a see-through thermoplastic refractive surface (8) formed by embossing or otherwise formed with a pattern of ridges (22) and troughs (24) in the submicrometer range for forming a conventional holographic pattern This coating may be applied according to Dennison's method of high speed coating of thermoplastic coating on paper Other methods include hot-stamping a holographic image foil ( 10) with heat activated adhesive onto the substrate (4) , or, attaching the hologram to the substrate with pressure sensitive adhesive These methods are all well known in the industry Other conventional methods for embossing, electroplating, etching, ion etching, etc are well known and may be employed for forming holograms (10) of this type, i e of the type which has a pattern of ridges (22) and troughs (24) The see-through thermoplastic may be made of polymers such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, styrene, polyacrylics, poly acetates, etc as are conventionally used in such applications They can also be modified, e g by doping with materials to enhance the refractivity and/or to increase the difficulty for counterfeiters to duplicate For examples, they may be doped with small amounts of thermochromic or photochromic dyes such as those available from Davis Liquid Crystals, Inc , or fluorescent dyes such as those available from SICPA Secureink Corp, or De la Rue Corp , etc
The second type of preferred hologram ( 10) is a modification of the first by having a very thin coating of metal, i e in the order of tens of Angstroms thick, thus retaining the see- through property while enhancing the reflectivity of the hologram where desired with-out making it too reflective so as to be unsuitable for legitimate photocopying The third type of preferred hologram ( 10) employs a see-through photosensitized polymeric layer having an alternating pattern of dark and bright contrasting lines within the submicrometer range for forming the holographic image, such as those available from Du Pont
If the surface of the hologram ( 10) is incompatible with the application of ink, then an ink compatible layer (26) or primer may be applied as a thin coating over the entire hologram ( 10) Or alternatively, such surface can be made ink-compatible through corona discharge, a technique well known in the industry In an alternative embodiment, the ink-compatible layer (26) is applied to only those areas on which data must be affixed The coating of ink- compatible material (26) over the hologram may also take other patterns Several materials well known in the industry are suitable as ink-compatible coatings Polyvinyl or polyacetate, for examples, may serve as a preferred composition of the ink compatible layer (26)
Once the hologram ( 10) has been overlaid onto the substrate (4) and the hologram ( 10) has been coated or partially coated with a thin layer of ink-compatible layer (26), an executed holographic bank draft or document (2) may then be formed from the blank holographic bank draft or document from (2) by entering the appropriate data into the data entry areas (20) (i e the date, name, values etc ) and then affixing the issuer's signature (18) onto the signature entry area (16) of the hologram (10) as illustrated in FIG 3 and 4. In the preferred mode, affixation of the signature(s) (18) should be done with an ink writing instrument, or an instrument that etches into the hologram, e g a pen, an impact dot-printer, or computer directed laser beam writer Entry of the terms of the bank draft and other data to holographic areas may also be made by inked pens, by type- writers, printers, laser writer, etc If the hologram (10) is made of photosensitive polymeric layer, then the affixation of the signature (18) serves to partially deface the holographic image by blocking or occulting that portion of the hologram (10) over which the signature (18) is affixed On the other hand, if the hologram (10) is of the type which includes a pattern of ridges (22) and troughs (24), then the affixation of the signature (18) serves to partially deface the holographic image both by etching the signature (18) onto the embossed holographic pattern and by partially blocking or occulting that portion of the hologram (10) over which the signature (18) or data is affixed
FIG 5 and 6 illustrate a preferred embodiment of the holographic bank draft (2) which includes a protective laminate (28) for covering the signature (18) and for preventing or deterring its alteration or removal A preferred protective laminate (28) has a composition of mylar or other transparent film, and may cover not only the signature (18) but also the hologram ( 10) and/or the entire substrate (4) which supports the hologram (10) The protective laminate (28) should be transparent Conventional transparent adhesive tape applied to the hologram (10), for example, may also be employed as a protective laminate (28) Thus, after the holographic bank draft form (2) is completed and executed, the holographic portion may then be optionally covered with a protective laminate (28) so as to prevent alteration
In an alternative embodiment, the holographic document form (2) comprises a substrate (4) and a holographic sticker panel (10), i.e a tamper-proof adhesive-backed holographic panel or label (10) The document (2) is signed by the user or user's agent by applying the holographic sticker panel (10) to the substrate directly prior to use The holographic sticker panel ( 10) may include one or more signature entry areas (16) and / or data entry areas (20) In a preferred mode, the signature entry area and/or data entry areas of holographic sticker panel ( 10) are filled in by the user after its attachment to the substrate (4) However, in some instances, it may be possible for the user to fill-in the signature and/or data entry areas of the holographic sticker panel (10) prior to its transfer onto the substrate (4). A preferred tamper-proof adhesive-backed holographic panel ( 10) may includes a tear pattern or image Once the holographic panel ( 10) is applied to the substrate (4), any attempt to peel the holographic panel ( 10) therefrom causes the holographic image to become destroyed due to the uneven attachment of the adhesive backing to the substrate (4) leaving a predetermined tear pattern or a word such as "VOID" on the substrate (4), for example Such tamper-proof adhesive backed holographic panel (10) with designed tear patterns are available from Flexcon, Inc (Spencer, Mass), or from Bridgestone Graphic Technologies, Inc (Bridgeport, CT), for example As an additional feature, the tamper-proof adhesive-backed holographic panels ( 10) may be printed with serial number, or bar code The serial numbers or bar code may be logged on a separate registry maintained by the issuing office or bank If the document is stolen, the absence of a valid serial number or bar code number on the holographic sticker panel ( 10) may be ascertained by the issirng office or bank by comparing the submitted serial number or bar code with the registry valid serial numbers or code The failure of a submitted serial number or code to correlate with a valid serial number or code logged onto the bank's or issuing office's registry, may alert the office or bank to the possibility that a submitted check or document is invalid

Claims

CLAIM
What is claimed is
1 In an improved form for a bank draft or document, the form including a printed substrate such as paper or plastic sheet, with data entry area for entering and displaying one or more terms of the bank draft or document, a signature entry area for affixing and displaying a signature of an issuer of the bank draft or the document, a see-through hologram covering said signature entry area and data entry area(s), said hologram being coated with a transparent layer of ink-compatible material suitable for affixing the signature of the issuer and data thereonto and suitable for displaying the signature and the data over the holographic image
2 An improved form of a bank draft or document as described in claim 1, the improvement further comprising said printed substrate having part of or all of the printing on the substrate being printed with thermochromic-ink or dye prior to coverage with the hologram
3 An improved form of a document as described in claim 1, the improvement further comprising said printed substrate having part of or all of the printing on the substrate being printed with photochromic ink or dye prior to coverage with the hologram 4 An improved form of a document as described in claim 1, the improvement further comprising. said printed substrate having part of or all of the printing being printed with fluorescent ink or dye prior to coverage with the hologram 5. An improved form of a document as described in claim 1 , the improvement further comprising said printed substrate having part of the printing being printed with magnetic ink prior to coverage with the hologram 6 An improved form of a document as described in claim 1 , the improvement further comprising said printed substrate having part of or all of the printing being printed with ID or 2D bar code prior to coverage with the hologram 7 An improved form of a document as described in claim 1 , wherein said hologram contains thermochromic ink or dye in its polymeric make-up
8 An improved form of a document as described in claim 1, wherein said hologram contains photochromic ink or dye in its polymeric make-up. 9 An improved form of a document as described in claim 1, wherein said hologram contains fluorescent ink or dye in its polymeric make-up
10 An improved form of a document as described in claim 1 , wherein said hologram is a holographic sticker with tamper-proof adhesive backing
1 1 An improved form of a document as described in claim 10, wherein said hologram contains thermochromic ink or dye in its polymeric make-up as described in claim 7
12 An improved form of a document as described in claim 10, wherein said hologram contains photochromic ink or dye in its polymeric make-up as described in claim 8
13 An improved form of a document as described in claim 10, wherein said hologram contains fluorescent ink or dye in its polymeric make-up as described in claim 9 14 An improved form of a document as described in claim 10, wherein said hologram is printed with magnetic ink as described in claim 5
15 An improved form of a document as described in claim 10, wherein said hologram is printed with a I D or 2D bar code on the hologram as described in claim 6
16 A method for making a holographic bank draft or document comprising the following steps
Step A Print the bank draft or document according to the design for the document
Step B Coat the printed document with polymeric material which is then embossed with the hologram or diffraction grating Step C Make the top surface of the hologram ink-compatible with an ink-compatible coating such as polyacetate, or treat the surface with corona discharge
Step D Affix the data and/or signature to the holographic area(s) by writing with a pen, impact printer, or computer directed laser writer, thereby occulting the holographic image
17 A method of masking a holographic document as described in claim 16 except that the hologram or diffractive grating is in the form of a sticker with tamper-proof adhesive backing as described in claim 10 18. A method of making a holographic bank draft or document as described in claim 17 except that the hologram is made of photosensitized polymer
19 A method of making a holographic bank draft or document as described in claim 10 or claim 16 except that in step D, after step C, the hologram is covered with a transparent laminate to prevent scratches and alteration
PCT/IB1997/000395 1996-02-29 1997-02-22 Document with transparent, writable hologram and method WO1997034170A2 (en)

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US1255096P 1996-02-29 1996-02-29
US60/012,550 1996-02-29

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EP1013461A2 (en) * 1998-12-23 2000-06-28 Veneta Decalcogomme S.R.L Method for reproducing images or text on a metalized holographic 2D, 3D colored film
GB2347646A (en) * 1999-03-12 2000-09-13 Rue De Int Ltd Security element comprising thermochromic coating and optically variable device eg hologram
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WO1998053999A1 (en) * 1997-05-27 1998-12-03 Fryco Limited Optically variable devices
WO2000035662A1 (en) * 1998-12-14 2000-06-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Duplex holographic film
EP1013406A1 (en) * 1998-12-14 2000-06-28 The Procter & Gamble Company Duplex holographic film
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EP1013461A2 (en) * 1998-12-23 2000-06-28 Veneta Decalcogomme S.R.L Method for reproducing images or text on a metalized holographic 2D, 3D colored film
EP1013461A3 (en) * 1998-12-23 2001-05-02 Veneta Decalcogomme S.R.L Method for reproducing images or text on a metalized holographic 2D, 3D colored film
US6506315B2 (en) 1998-12-23 2003-01-14 Illinois Tool Works, Inc. Method of reproducing colored images on a heat transferable decorative, at least partially metallized and/or 2 D or 3 D holographic film
GB2347646A (en) * 1999-03-12 2000-09-13 Rue De Int Ltd Security element comprising thermochromic coating and optically variable device eg hologram
GB2347646B (en) * 1999-03-12 2001-01-31 Rue De Int Ltd Improvements in security elements
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WO2000056979A1 (en) * 1999-03-19 2000-09-28 De La Rue International Limited Security sheet and process for making the same
US6729655B1 (en) 1999-03-19 2004-05-04 De La Rue International Limited Security sheet and method
WO2002097538A1 (en) * 2001-05-28 2002-12-05 Section Of Science And Technology Development, Zhuzhou Institute Of Technology A method of creating holographic image on printing surface
WO2004089642A2 (en) * 2003-04-09 2004-10-21 Ari Kahn Tamper proof cheque
WO2004089642A3 (en) * 2003-04-09 2004-11-25 Ari Kahn Tamper proof cheque
DE10333255B3 (en) * 2003-07-21 2005-01-13 Leonhard Kurz Gmbh & Co. Kg Applying high-resolution pattern to substrate, for hot-stamped laminated film or transfer films, by defining fine structuring by orientation direction and profile shape of microscopic surface structure
US7748321B2 (en) 2003-07-21 2010-07-06 Leonhard Kurz Stiftung & Co. Kg Method for producing a high-resolution surface pattern
MD4098C1 (en) * 2009-02-27 2011-11-30 ШКИЛЁВ Думитру Hologram and device for the application thereon of an individual identification pattern
US9176266B2 (en) 2009-12-04 2015-11-03 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Security element, value document comprising such a security element and method for producing such a security element
US9827802B2 (en) 2009-12-04 2017-11-28 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Security element, value document comprising such a security element, and method for producing such a security element
US10525758B2 (en) 2009-12-04 2020-01-07 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Security element, value document comprising such a security element, and method for producing such a security element
US9297941B2 (en) 2011-07-21 2016-03-29 Giesecke & Deverient Gmbh Optically variable element, in particular security element
EA017762B1 (en) * 2012-07-20 2013-02-28 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Научно-Производственное Объединение "Криптен" Protection element for protecting valuable documents against forgery and duplication, method for making said protection element and method for verifying an object to be protected containing said protection element

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CN1193299A (en) 1998-09-16
AU2174897A (en) 1997-10-01
WO1997034170A3 (en) 1997-10-16

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