WO1997023212A1 - ISOXAZOLINE, ISOTHIAZOLINE AND PYRAZOLINE FACTOR Xa INHIBITORS - Google Patents
ISOXAZOLINE, ISOTHIAZOLINE AND PYRAZOLINE FACTOR Xa INHIBITORS Download PDFInfo
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- WO1997023212A1 WO1997023212A1 PCT/US1996/020076 US9620076W WO9723212A1 WO 1997023212 A1 WO1997023212 A1 WO 1997023212A1 US 9620076 W US9620076 W US 9620076W WO 9723212 A1 WO9723212 A1 WO 9723212A1
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- Prior art keywords
- amidinophenyl
- isoxazoline
- aminocarbonyl
- biphenyl
- methyl
- Prior art date
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- 0 C**C(C1)=NOC1(C)*(C)I Chemical compound C**C(C1)=NOC1(C)*(C)I 0.000 description 5
- NANQJUFFKXWVJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=S(c1ccccc1)(N1CCNCC1)=O Chemical compound O=S(c1ccccc1)(N1CCNCC1)=O NANQJUFFKXWVJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/02—Antithrombotic agents; Anticoagulants; Platelet aggregation inhibitors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D261/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings
- C07D261/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D261/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
Definitions
- isothiazolines and pyrazolines which are inhibitors of Factor Xa to pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and to methods of using these compounds as anticoagulant agents for treatment and prevention of thromboembolic disorders.
- DuPont Merck WO 95/14683 and WO 95/14682 published June 1, 1995, disclose isoxazoles and isoxaolines as antagonists of the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa fibrinogen receptor.
- the isoxazoles and isoxaolines of WO 95/14683 are represented by the formula:
- EP 53095 A and other references disclose various di-anilino-pyrazoline as components of photosensitive systems.
- EP 438690 and other references disclose various 1-amido-pyrazolines as pesticides, e.g., insecticides, fungicides and acaricides.
- This invention provides novel compounds of Formula
- X is O, S, NR 15
- Y is selected from
- R 1 is selected from
- R 2 is selected from
- V is selected from the following when Z and D are both absent:
- V is selected from the following when Z and/or D are present:
- E is selected from N, NR 5 , O, S;
- J is selected from O, NR 7 ;
- A is selected from CO, CH 2 , SO, SO 2 R 4 is selected from
- R 5 and R 6 at each appearance are independently H
- R 7 is selected from
- R 8 is selected from
- R 9 is selected from
- R 10 is selected from
- R 11 is selected from H
- R 13 is selected from
- CF 3 R 14 is selected from
- R 15 is selected from H
- u 0-1, provided that, when X is NR 15 , Z and D are both absent,
- alkyl and alkoxy mean straight or branched chain alkyl and straight or branched chain alkoxy, each optionally substituted with 1 to 3
- substituents independently selected from halo, C 1 -C 6 straight or branched alkoxy, S(O) n -alkyl where alkyl is C 1 -C 6 straight or branched alkyl and n is 0-2,
- phenyl means phenyl optionally
- substituents independently selected from halo, C 1 -C 6 straight or branched alkoxy, S(O) n -alkyl where alkyl is C 1 -C 6 straight or branched alkyl and n is 0-2, morpholino, C 1 -C 6 alkylacyloxy, NR 5 R 7 where R 5 and R 7 are as defined in claim 1, CN, NO 2 , and CF 3;
- the compounds may be isolated in optically active or racemic forms. It is well known in the art how to prepare optically active forms, such as by resolution of racemic forms or by asymmetric
- U is present and is selected from -CO-NH-(CH 2 ) o - -CO-(CH 2 ) o - -SO 2 -NH-(CH 2 ) o - -SO 2 -(CH 2 ) o - -NH-(CH 2 ) o -
- R 1 is selected from C(NR 14 )NR 5 R 6 NHC(NR 14 )NR 5 R 6
- R 2 is selected from
- V is selected from the following when Z and/or D are present:
- V is selected from the following when Z and D are both absent:
- R 10 is selected from Of the preferred compounds, more preferred are those wherein, independently or concurrently:
- U is -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) o - Y is selected from
- R 1 is C (NR 14 ) NR 5 R 6
- Z is absent or is present and is selected from
- R 1 is C(NR 14 )NR 5 R 6 and
- V is selected from the following:
- Specific preferred compounds of this invention include the following and pharmaceutically acceptable salt and prodrug forms thereof: 3-(3-Amidinophenyl)-5-[(2-naphthylsulfonyl)amino]methyl-isoxazoline
- the compounds of the present invention can be prepared in a number of ways well known to one skilled in the art of organic synthesis.
- the compounds of the present invention can be synthesized using the methods described below, together with synthetic methods known in the art of synthetic organic chemistry, or variations thereon as appreciated by those skilled in the art.
- a convenient method for the synthesis of the isoxazoline compounds of this invention utilizes a dipolar cycloaddition of nitrile oxides with appropriate dipolarophiles to prepare the isoxazoline rings present in compounds of Formula I (for reviews of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition chemistry, see 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Chemistry (Padwa, ed.), Wiley, New York, 1984; Kanemasa and Tsuge, Heterocycles 1990, 30, 719).
- Scheme 1 shows a general synthesis of 3,5-substituted-isoxazolines. An appropriately substituted hydroxylamine is treated with NCS in DMF according to the method of Liu, et al. (J. Org. Chem.
- hydroximinoyl chloride is then dehydrohalogenated in situ using TEA to give a nitrile oxide, which undergoes a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to a suitably substituted alkene to afford the isoxazoline.
- the oxime may be oxidatively chlorinated, dehydrochlorinated and the resulting nitrile oxide trapped by a suitable alkene under phase transfer conditions according to the method of Lee (Synthesis 1982, 508).
- the isoxazoline compounds of the general formula (I) wherein the 4 and 5 positions are substituted can be prepared following the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition methodology using a suitable 1,2-disubstituted olefin as a dipolarophile. A mixture of regioisomers is formed and the reg-ioisomers can be separated by column chromatography. An example is shown in Scheme 2. Optically active isoxazolines can be obtained by chiral HPLC separation of the two
- isoxazoline compounds of this invention can use commercially available substituted alkenes as starting materials.
- Compounds with R 2 is acid or amide can be prepared from the commercially available alkene-esters or alkene acids. The transformations of the functional groups can be done either at the alkene stage or after the isoxazoline ring is formed.
- Compounds with R 2 is O(CH 2 ) n R, NH(CH 2 ) n R, S(CH 2 ) n R, where R is R 5 or R 10 , can be prepared from substituted allyl bromide.
- An example is shown in Scheme 3.
- the sulfoxides and sulfones can be prepared from oxidation of the thio-compounds (Scheme 3).
- R 2 is aromatics and heteroaromatics (R 10 )
- R 10 can be prepared from the reaction of the bromide or iodide of the aromatics and hetreoaromatics with allyl of vinyl bromide.
- the C-linked aromatic and hetreoaromatic compounds can be synthesized using Zinc and Copper organometallics shown by Knochel ( Tet. Lett. 31, 4413- 4416, 1990), or using palladium-catalyzed coupling of an a-stannyl acrylate to aryl iodides or triflates by Levin (Tet, Lett. 34, 6211-6214, 1993). These reactions are exemplified in Scheme 4.
- the N-linked heteroaromatic compounds can be prepared by alkylation of the
- crotonate esters can be obtained from commertial sources or can be obtained from ethyl-4-bromocrotonate by nucleophilic displacement reactions shown in Scheme 6.
- Trisubstituted olefins as
- diplolarophiles can be obtained from ethylpropiolate by the cuprate chemistry (Scheme 7) according to the method described by Deslongchamps (Synlett, 660, 1994).
- the isothiazoline compounds of this invention of formula (I) can be prepared by cycloaddition reaction of nitrile sulfides with olefins (Howe, J. Org, Chem., 43, 3742, 1978) as shown in Scheme 8.
- the nitrile sulfide is generated by thermolysis of 5-substituted 1,3,4-oxthiazol-2-one.
- the pyrazoline compounds of this invention of formula (I) cab be prepared by the method described by Wahoff and Zahran (Synthesis, 876-879, 1987). An example of the synthesis is shown in Scheme 9.
- the hydrozine is coupled with the acyl chloride.
- the N-acylated hydrozine is reacted with dichlorotriphenylphosphorane and
- the pyrazolines may also be prepared from isoxazolines as shown in Scheme 10. The isoxazoline was reacted with molybdenum hexacarbonyl in the conditions described by Baraldi (Synthesis, 276, 1987) provides the b-hydroxyketone.
- Boc-derivatives or CBZ-derivatives were then coupled with appropiate amines as
- NHC (NR 5 ) NR 5 R 6 in formula (I) may be prepared from amine derivatives by reaction of the amine with either
- This alkene can be used in the previously described cycloaddition reactions.
- the sulfonamide derviatives where U is -SO 2 -NH- are prepared as exemplified by the reactions in Scheme 14. Vinyl sulfonyl chloride is brominated, then reacted with an amine (Barnett, Tet, Lett., 651, 1968). Halogen-metal exchange and alkylation with lodoacetate gives the desired substituted vinyl sulfonamide (Stetan, Chem, Ber., 122, 169, 1889) which can be used in the previously described cycloaddition reactions.
- Isoxazoline compounds of the general formula I wherein U is thio, sulfonyl, or sulfonamide can also be prepared by the method outlined in scheme 15.
- the isoxazoline thioxanthate can be converted to the
- sulfonylchloride by treatement with chlorine in glacial acetic acid.
- the sulfonylchloride is then coupled with an appropriate amine to provide the desired sulfonamide.
- the thioxanthate can be hydrolysed with sodium hydroxide in ethanol to the thiol followed by traping of the intermediate thiol with an appropriate benzylbromide to afford the thioalkylphenylanalog.
- Oxidation of the thio-compound with MCPBA or oxone affords the sulfoxide and or sulfone.
- the alkyl-linked compounds can also be prepared using Zinc and Copper organometallics shown by Knochel ( Tet, Lett, 31, 4413-4416, 1990, see Scheme 4),
- the 5-hydroxymethyl group can be converted to the azide, and then reduced to the corresponding amine.
- This amine intermediate is the converted to compounds with -NHSO 2 -, and -NHCO- using suitable sulfonyl or acyl chloride.
- the 5-hydroxymethylisoxazoline can be converted to the ether-linked compound by Mitsunobo reaction.
- the ether and amine linked compounds can also be prepared by
- the aminobiphenyl is the coupled to the core ring structures first as described above.
- Bromoaniline can be linked to the core ring structures first as described above, and then undergoes Suzuki reaction to give the desired product.
- Some of the compounds of this invention may also be prepared as shown in Scheme 21. Itaconic anhydride reacts with appropiate amine to give 3-carboxy-3- butenamide.
- the benzaldehyde oxime is oxidatively chlorinated and dehydrochlorinated. The resulting nitrile oxide then reacted with 3-carboxy-3-butenamide to yield the 3,5,5-trisubstituted isoxazoline which was then converted to the final benzamidine as described above.
- Y is a piperidine derivative in formula (I)
- Y is a piperidine derivative in formula (I)
- piperidine alcohols which are commercially available or prepared by coupling 4-brompyridine and appropiate length acetylenic alcohol followed by reduction.
- the piperidine alcohol is oxidized to the corresponding aldehyde under standard conditions.
- the aldehyde is converted to the isoxazoline by the same methods described above.
- spiro-compounds of this invention in formula (II) may be prepared from ester or acid intermediates.
- An example of this transformation is shown in Scheme 23.
- the ester or acid group in Scheme 24 can be reduced with LiBH 4 in THF or other reducing agents to give the alcohol.
- the alcohol is then cyclized using a mesylate intermediate to afford the desired spiro-compound.
- the alcohol can also be oxidized under Swern oxidation conditions to generate the corresponding aldehyde, which can cyclized to give the spiro-compound.
- compound of formula I or “ compounds of this invention” includes pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrug forms of the compounds of formula I .
- Prodrugs are considered to be any covalently bonded carriers which release the active parent drug according to Formula I in vi vo when such prodrug is administered to a mammalian subject. Prodrugs of the compounds of Formula I are prepared by modifying
- Prodrugs include compounds of Formula I wherein hydroxyl, amino, sulfhydryl, or carboxyl groups are bonded to any group that, when administered to a mammalian subject, cleaves to form a free hydroxyl, amino, sulfhydryl, or carboxyl group respectively.
- Examples of prodrugs include, but are not limited to, acetate, formate and benzoate derivatives of alcohol and amine functional groups in the compounds of Formula I, and the like.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of Formula I include the conventional non-toxic salts or the quaternary ammonium salts of the compounds of Formula I formed, for example, from non-toxic
- non-toxic salts include those derived from inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, sulfamic, phosphoric, nitric and the like; and the salts prepared from organic acids such as acetic, propionic, succinic, glycolic, stearic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic, pamoic, maleic,
- salicylic sulfanilic, 2-acetoxyb ⁇ nzoic, fumaric, toluenesulfonic, methanesulfonic, ethane disulfonic, oxalic, lsethionic, and the like.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the present invention can be synthesized from the compounds of
- Formula I which contain a basic or acidic moiety by conventional chemical methods.
- the salts are prepared by reacting the free base or acid with
- the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the acids of Formula I with an appropriate amount of a base such as an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide e.g. sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, or magnesium, or an organic base such as an amine, e.g.,
- salts of the compounds of the invention can be prepared by reacting the free acid or base forms of these
- nonaqueous media like ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol, or acetonitrile are preferred.
- Lists of suitable salts are found in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 17th ed., Mack Publishing Company, Easton, PA, 1985, p. 1418, the disclosure of which is hereby
- hydroxyamine hydrochloride (16.6 g, 0.24 mol) were added together with 100 mL of pyridine and 100 mL of ethanol. The mixture was stirred at room temperature under N 2 for 12h. The mixture was concentrated to half of its volume and 200 mL of water was added. A white precipitate formed. It was filtered and dried to afford 25.9 g of the oxime (93%).
- This compound was prepared by the same method
- Part B Preparation of 3-(3-cyanophenyl)-5-[(4-benzenesulfonylphenyl-1-yl)aminocarbonyl]-5-(carbomethoxymethyl)isoxazoline
- Part B Preparation of 3-(3-amidinophenyl)-5-[(4-benzenesulfonylphenyl-1-yl)aminocarbonyl]-5- (carbomethoxymethyl)isoxazoline, trifluoroacetic acid
- Part C Preparation of 3-(3-cyanophenyl)-4-(2'-t-butylaminosulfonyl-[1,1']-biphenyl-4-yl)aminocarbonyl-5-methyl-isoxazoline
- oxalyl chloride leq
- DMF dichloromethane
- the title compound was prepared in three step sequence via a sequential reductive amination of 3-nitroaniline with 2-pyridine carboxaldehyde and
- the compounds of Tables 1-6 were prepared by the methods of Examples 1-13.
- the compounds in Tables 1-6 which have asymmetric centers are racemates except where indicated otherwise by (+) or (-) in the column headed o.r. (for optical rotation) in Table 2.
- Tables 7-15 identify additional representative compounds of this invention which can be prepared by the methods described above.
- the divalent radicals V in the compounds of Tables 7-11 have the following structures
- the pyridin-2,5-diyl and pyrimidin-2,5-diyl radicals are bonded to the (Z) u -D moiety at the 5 position.
- the 2-substituted-1,4-phenylene radicals are bonded to the (Z) U -D moiety at the 4 position.
- the compounds of this invention are useful as anticoagulants for the treatment or prevention of
- thromboembolic disorders as used herein includes arterial or venous cardiovascular or cerebrovascular thromboembolic disorders, including, for example,
- infarction ischemic sudden death, transient ischemic attack, stroke, atherosclerosis, venous thrombosis, deep vein thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, arterial embolism, coronary and cerebral arterial thrombosis, cerebral embolism, kidney embolisms, pulmonary embolisms.
- the anticoagulant effect of compounds of this invention is due to inhibition of Factor Xa.
- activated factor Xa whose manor practical role is the generation of thrombin by the limited proteolysis of prothrombin, holds a central position that links the intrinsic and extrinsic activation mechanisms in the final common pathway of blood coagulation.
- the generation of thrombin, the final serine protease in the pathway to generate a fibrin clot, from its precursor is amplified by formation of prothrombinase complex (Factor Xa, Factor V, Ca2+ and phospholipid). Since it is calculated that one molecule of Factor Xa can generate 138 molecules of thrombin (Elodi, S., Varadi, K.: Optimization of
- inhibition of factor Xa may be more efficient that inactivation of thrombin in interrupting the blood coagulation system.
- K i Values of K i were determined by allowing 0.2 - 0.5 nM human Factor Xa (Enzyme Research Laboratories, South Bend, IN) to react with the substrate (0.20 mM - 1 mM) in the presence of inhibitor. Reactions were allowed to go for 30 minutes and the velocities (rate of absorbance change vs time) were measured in the time frame of 25-30 minutes. The following relationship was used to
- v o is the velocity of the control in the absence of inhibitor
- v s is the velocity in the presence of inhibitor
- I is the concentration of inhibitor
- K i is the dissociation constant of the enzyme:
- S is the concentration of substrate
- K m is the Michaelis constant
- thrombosis model Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 350-450 grams anesthetized with a mixture of xylazine (10 mg/kg i.m.) and ketamine (110 mg/kg i.m.) are used. A carotid artery, a jugular vein and a femoral vein are cannulated for blood sampling, drug infusion and hypotonic saline injection, respectively. The abdominal vena cava is isolated and all its side-branches are ligated beneath the left renal vein. Thrombus formation is induced by rapid injection of 1 ml hypotonic saline (0.225%) into the vena cava. This is followed 15 seconds later by a 15-minute stasis of an isolated segment (about 1 cm) of the vena cava. The formed thrombus in the vena cava is removed and immediately weighed.
- Test compounds or vehicle are given as continuous intravenous infusions or orally starting 1 hour before the injection of hypotonic saline.
- Arterial blood samples (1.5 ml) for the determination of clotting times are collected before and 1 hour after the infusion or oral dosing of test compounds or vehicle.
- the percentage inhibition of thrombus formation is determined for each treatment group.
- the ID50 values (dose which produces 50% inhibition of thrombus formation) are estimated by linear regression.
- the compounds of this invention can be administered alone or in combination with one or more additional therapeutic agents.
- additional therapeutic agents include other anti-coagulant or coagulation inhibitory agents, anti-platelet or platelet inhibitory agents, thrombin inhibitors, or thrombolytic or fibrinolytic agents.
- therapeutically effective amount is meant an amount of a compound of
- Formula I that, when administered alone or in combination with an additional therapeutic agent to a mammal, is effective to prevent or ameliorate the thromboembolic disease condition or the progression of the disease.
- administered in combination or “combination therapy” is meant that the compound of Formula I and one or more additional therapeutic agents are administered concurrently to the mammal being treated.
- each component may be
- each component may be administered separately but sufficiently closely in time so as to provide the desired therapeutic effect.
- inhibitory agents that may be used in combination with the compounds of this invention include warfarin and heparin, as well as other Factor Xa inhibitors such as those described in the publications identified above under Background of the Invention.
- anti-platelet agents or platelet
- inhibitory agents denotes agents that inhibit platelet function such as by inhibiting the aggregation, adhesion or granular secretion of platelets.
- agents include the various known non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) such as aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, sulindac, indomethacin, mefenamate, droxicam, diclofenac, sulfinpyrazone, and piroxicam, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof.
- NSAIDS non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- aspirin acetylsalicyclic acid or ASA
- piroxicam include ticlopidine, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof.
- Ticlopidine is also a preferred compound since it is known to be gentle on the gastro-intestinal tract in use.
- Still other suitable platelet inhibitory agents include thromboxane-A2-receptor antagonists and thromboxane-A2-synthetase inhibitors, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof.
- thrombin inhibitors denotes inhibitors of the serine protease thrombin.
- various thrombin-mediated processes such as thrombin-mediated platelet activation (that is, for example, the
- inhibitors include boroarginine derivatives and boropeptides, hirudin and argatroban, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof.
- Boroarginine derivatives and boropeptides include N-acetyl and peptide derivatives of boronic acid, such as C-terminal a-aminoboronic acid derivatives of lysine, ornithine, arginine, homoarginine and corresponding isothiouronium analogs thereof.
- hirudin includes suitable derivatives or analogs of hirudin, referred to herein as hirulogs, such as disulfatohirudin.
- Boropeptide thrombin inhibitors include compounds
- thrombolytics or flbrinolytic agents (or thrombolytics or flbrinolytics), as used herein, denotes agents that lyse blood clots (thrombi).
- agents include tissue plasminogen activator, anistreplase, urokinase or streptokinase, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof.
- anistreplase refers to anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex, as
- urokinase as used herein, is
- a lower dosage minimizes the potential of side effects, thereby providing an increased margin of safety.
- the compounds of the present invention are also useful as standard or reference compounds, for example as a quality standard or control, in tests or assays involving the inhibition of Factor Xa. Such compounds may be provided in a commercial kit, for example, for use in pharmaceutical research involving Factor Xa. The compounds of the present invention may also be used in diagnostic assays involving Factor Xa.
- the compounds of this invention can be any organic compound having the same properties as the compounds of this invention.
- oral dosage forms as tablets, capsules (each of which includes sustained release or timed release formulations), pills, powders, granules, elixirs, tinctures, suspensions, syrups, and emulsions. They may also be administered in intravenous (bolus or infusion), intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, or
- intramuscular form all using dosage forms well known to those of ordinary skill in the pharmaceutical arts. They can be administered alone, but generally will be
- a pharmaceutical carrier selected on the basis of the chosen route of administration and standard pharmaceutical practice.
- the dosage regimen for the compounds of the present invention will, of course, vary depending upon known factors, such as the pharmacodynamic characteristics of the particular agent and its mode and route of
- the daily oral dosage of each active ingredient when used for the indicated effects, will range between about 0.001 to 1000 mg/kg of body weight, preferably between about 0.01 to 100 mg/kg of body weight per day, and most preferably between about 1.0 to 20 mg/kg/day.
- the most preferred doses will range from about 1 to about 10 mg/kg/minute during a constant rate infusion.
- Compounds of this invention may be administered in a single daily dose, or the total daily dosage may be administered in divided doses of two, three, or four times daily.
- Compounds of this invention can be administered in intranasal form via topical use of suitable intranasal vehicles, or via transdermal routes, using transdermal skin patches.
- suitable intranasal vehicles or via transdermal routes, using transdermal skin patches.
- the dosage administration will, of course, be continuous rather than intermittent throughout the dosage regimen.
- the compounds are typically administered in
- excipients or carriers (collectively referred to herein as pharmaceutical carriers) suitably selected with respect to the intended form of administration, that is, oral tablets, capsules, elixirs, syrups and the like, and consistent with conventional pharmaceutical
- the active drug component can be combined with an oral, non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable, inert carrier such as lactose, starch, sucrose, glucose, methyl callulose, magnesium stearate, dicalcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, mannitol, sorbitol and the like;
- an oral, non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable, inert carrier such as lactose, starch, sucrose, glucose, methyl callulose, magnesium stearate, dicalcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, mannitol, sorbitol and the like
- the oral drug components can be combined with any oral, non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable inert carrier such as ethanol, glycerol, water, and the like.
- suitable binders include starch, gelatin, natural sugars such as glucose or beta-lactose, corn sweeteners, natural and synthetic gums such as acacia, tragacanth, or sodium alginate, carboxymethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, waxes, and the like.
- Lubricants used in these dosage forms include sodium oleate, sodium stearate, magnesium stearate, sodium benzoate, sodium acetate, sodium chloride, and the like.
- Disintegrators include, without limitation, starch, methyl cellulose, agar, bentonite, xanthan gum, and the like.
- the compounds of the present invention can also be administered in the form of liposome delivery systems, such as small unilamellar vesicles, large unilamellar vesicles, and mult1lamellar vesicles.
- Liposomes can be formed from a variety of phospholipids, such as
- cholesterol cholesterol, stearylamine, or phosphatidylcholines.
- Such polymers can include
- polyhydroxyethylaspartamidephenol or polyethyleneoxidepolylysine substituted with palmitoyl residues.
- the compounds of the present invention may be coupled to a class of biodegradable polymers useful in achieving controlled release of a drug, for example, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, copolymers of polylactic and polyglycolic acid, polyepsilon
- caprolactone polyhydroxy butyric acid, polyorthoesters, polyacetals, polydihydropyrans, polycyanoacylates, and crosslinked or amphipathic block copolymers of
- Dosage forms suitable for administration may contain from about 1 milligram to about 100 milligrams of active ingredient per dosage unit.
- the active ingredient will ordinarily be present in an amount of about 0.5-95% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
- Gelatin capsules may contain the active ingredient and powdered carriers, such as lactose, starch, cellulose derivatives, magnesium stearate, stearic acid, and the like. Similar diluents can be used to make compressed tablets. Both tablets and capsules can be manufactured as sustained release products to provide for continuous release of medication over a period of hours. Compressed tablets can be sugar coated or film coated to mask any unpleasant taste and protect the tablet from the
- Liquid dosage forms for oral administration can contain coloring and flavoring to increase patient acceptance.
- water a suitable oil, saline, aqueous dextrose (glucose), and related sugar solutions and glycols such as propylene glycol or polyethylene glycols are suitable carriers for parenteral solutions.
- saline aqueous dextrose (glucose)
- glycols such as propylene glycol or polyethylene glycols are suitable carriers for parenteral solutions.
- Solutions for parenteral administration preferably contain a water soluble salt of the active ingredient, suitable stabilizing agents, and if necessary, buffer substances.
- suitable stabilizing agents such as sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite
- bisulfite, sodium sulfite, or ascorbic acid are suitable stabilizing agents.
- citric acid and its salts and sodium EDTA are suitable stabilizing agents.
- parenteral solutions can contain preservatives, such as benzalkonium chloride, methyl- or propyl-paraben, and chlorobutanol.
- Suitable pharmaceutical carriers are described in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. Mack Publishing
- Representative useful pharmaceutical dosage-forms for administration of the compounds of this invention can be illustrated as follows:
- a large number of unit capsules are prepared by filling standard two-piece hard gelatin capsules each with 100 milligrams of powdered active ingredient, 150 milligrams of lactose, 50 milligrams of cellulose, and 6 milligrams magnesium stearate.
- a mixture of active ingredient in a digestable oil such as soybean oil, cottonseed oil or olive oil is prepared and injected by means of a positive displacement pump into gelatin to form soft gelatin capsules
- the capsules are washed and dried.
- a large number of tablets are prepared by conventional procedures so that the dosage unit is 100 milligrams of active ingredient, 0.2 milligrams of colloidal silicon dioxide, 5 milligrams of magnesium stearate, 275 milligrams of microcrystalline cellulose, 11 milligrams of starch and 98.8 milligrams of lactose.
- Appropriate coatings may be applied to increase the dosage unit.
- administration by injection is prepared by stirring 1.5% by weight of active ingredient in 10% by volume propylene glycol and water.
- the solution is made isotonic with sodium chloride and sterilized.
- An aqueous suspension is prepared for oral administration so that each 5 mL contain 100 mg of finely divided active ingredient, 200 mg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 5 mg of sodium benzoate, 1.0 g of sorbitol solution, U.S. P., and 0.025 mL of vanillin.
- a daily dosage may be about 0.1 to 100 milligrams of the compound of Formula I and about 1 to 7.5 milligrams of the second anticoagulant, per kilogram of patient body weight.
- the compounds of this invention generally may be present in an amount of about 5 to 10 milligrams per dosage unit, and the second anti-coagulant in an amount of about 1 to 5 milligrams per dosage unit.
- a daily dosage may be about 0.01 to 25 milligrams of the compound of Formula I and about 50 to 150 milligrams of the anti-platelet agent, preferably about 0.1 to 1 milligrams of the compound of Formula I and about 1 to 3 milligrams of antiplatelet agents, per kilogram of patient body weight.
- a daily dosage may be about 0.1 to 1 milligrams of the compound of Formula I, per kilogram of patient body weight and, in the case of the thrombolytic agents, the usual dosage of the thrombolyic agent when administered alone may be reduced by about 70-80% when administered with a compound of Formula I.
- therapeutic agents are administered with the compound of Formula I, generally the amount of each component in a typical daily dosage and typical dosage form may be reduced relative to the usual dosage of the agent when administered alone, in view of the additive or
- one active ingredient may be enteric coated.
- enteric coating one of the active ingredients it is possible not only to minimize the contact between the combined active ingredients, but also, it is possible to control the release of one of these components in the gastrointestinal tract such that one of these components is not released in the stomach but rather is released in the intestines.
- One of the active ingredients may also be coated with a material which effects a sustained-release throughout the gastrointestinal tract and also serves to minimize physical contact between the combined active ingredients.
- the sustained-released component can be additionally enteric coated such that the release of this component occurs only in the
- Still another approach would involve the formulation of a combination product in which the one component is coated with a sustained and/or enteric release polymer, and the other component is also coated with a polymer such as a lowviscosity grade of
- HPMC hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU13358/97A AU1335897A (en) | 1995-12-21 | 1996-12-17 | Isoxazoline, isothiazoline and pyrazoline factor xa inhibitors |
EP96944844A EP0874629B1 (en) | 1995-12-21 | 1996-12-17 | ISOXAZOLINE, ISOTHIAZOLINE AND PYRAZOLINE FACTOR Xa INHIBITORS |
AT96944844T ATE267011T1 (en) | 1995-12-21 | 1996-12-17 | ISOXAZOLINE, ISOTHIAZOLINE AND PYRAZOLINE AS FACTOR XA INHIBITORS |
JP09523762A JP2001502655A (en) | 1995-12-21 | 1996-12-17 | Isoxazoline, isothiazoline and pyrazoline which are factor Xa inhibitors |
CA002240946A CA2240946C (en) | 1995-12-21 | 1996-12-17 | Isoxazoline, isothiazoline and pyrazoline factor xa inhibitors |
DE69632548T DE69632548T2 (en) | 1995-12-21 | 1996-12-17 | ISOXAZOLINE, ISOTHIAZOLINE AND PYRAZOLINE AS FACTOR Xa INHIBITORS |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US950895P | 1995-12-21 | 1995-12-21 | |
US64690396A | 1996-05-08 | 1996-05-08 | |
US3066696P | 1996-11-12 | 1996-11-12 | |
US08/646,903 | 1996-11-12 | ||
US60/030,666 | 1996-11-12 | ||
US60/009,508 | 1996-11-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997023212A1 true WO1997023212A1 (en) | 1997-07-03 |
Family
ID=27358875
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1996/020076 WO1997023212A1 (en) | 1995-12-21 | 1996-12-17 | ISOXAZOLINE, ISOTHIAZOLINE AND PYRAZOLINE FACTOR Xa INHIBITORS |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0874629B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2001502655A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE267011T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU1335897A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2240946C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69632548T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2219706T3 (en) |
HR (1) | HRP960597A2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997023212A1 (en) |
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WO1998057951A1 (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 1998-12-23 | Du Pont Pharmaceuticals Company | NOVEL GUANIDINE MIMICS AS FACTOR Xa INHIBITORS |
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WO1999012903A1 (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 1999-03-18 | Du Pont Pharmaceuticals Company | Benzimidazolinones, benzoxazolinones, benzopiperazinones, indanones, and derivatives thereof as inhibitors of factor xa |
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WO1999050255A2 (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 1999-10-07 | Du Pont Pharmaceuticals Company | Disubstituted pyrazolines and triazolines as factor xa inhibitors |
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WO1999057099A1 (en) * | 1998-05-02 | 1999-11-11 | Astrazeneca Ab | Heterocyclic derivatives which inhibit factor xa |
WO2000029407A1 (en) * | 1998-11-18 | 2000-05-25 | Du Pont Pharmaceuticals Company | Isoxazoline fibrinogen receptor antagonists |
EP1140871A1 (en) * | 1998-12-23 | 2001-10-10 | Du Pont Pharmaceuticals Company | Thrombin or factor xa inhibitors |
WO2002000651A2 (en) * | 2000-06-27 | 2002-01-03 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma Company | Factor xa inhibitors |
WO2002000655A1 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2002-01-03 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma Company | 1 - (heteroaryl-phenyl) - condensed pyrazol derivatives as factor xa inhibitors |
WO2002002519A2 (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-01-10 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma Company | THROMBIN OR FACTOR Xa INHIBITORS |
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US6599926B2 (en) | 2000-06-23 | 2003-07-29 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Heteroaryl-phenyl substituted factor Xa inhibitors |
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US6919458B2 (en) | 1995-12-21 | 2005-07-19 | Amr Technology, Inc. | Process for production of piperidine derivatives |
US6927219B2 (en) | 2001-11-12 | 2005-08-09 | Pfizer Inc. | N-alkyl-adamantyl triazinyl benzamide derivatives |
US7022705B2 (en) | 2001-10-25 | 2006-04-04 | Astrazeneca Ab | Isoxazoline derivatives useful as antimicrobials |
US7081538B1 (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2006-07-25 | Astrazeneca Ab | Substituted isoxazolines and their use as antibacterial agents |
US7141583B2 (en) | 2000-04-25 | 2006-11-28 | Astrazeneca Ab | Oxazolidinone derivatives with antibiotic activity |
US7176202B2 (en) | 2002-12-31 | 2007-02-13 | Pfizer Inc. | Benzamide inhibitors of the P2X7 receptor |
WO2007026965A1 (en) | 2005-09-02 | 2007-03-08 | Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Isoxazoline-substituted benzamide compound and harmful organism-controlling agent |
US7214677B2 (en) | 2001-11-12 | 2007-05-08 | Pfizer Inc. | Benzamide, heteroarylamide and reverse amides |
WO2007105814A1 (en) | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-20 | Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Substituted isoxazoline compound and pest control agent |
US7414048B2 (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2008-08-19 | Janssen Pharmaceutica, N.V. | 4,5-dihydro-isoxazole derivatives and their pharmaceutical use |
US7615651B2 (en) | 2006-11-13 | 2009-11-10 | Pfizer Inc. | Diaryl, dipyridinyl and aryl-pyridinyl derivatives and uses thereof |
US7662972B2 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2010-02-16 | Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Isoxazoline-substituted benzamide compound and pesticide |
US7767702B2 (en) | 2001-06-20 | 2010-08-03 | Bayer Schering Pharma Aktiengesellschaft | Substituted oxazolidinones for combinational therapy |
US8202999B2 (en) | 2005-01-07 | 2012-06-19 | Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp. | Compounds for inflammation and immune-related uses |
WO2013092943A1 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-27 | Basf Se | Isothiazoline compounds for combating invertebrate pests |
WO2014202751A1 (en) | 2013-06-21 | 2014-12-24 | Basf Se | Methods for controlling pests in soybean |
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JP2016523871A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2016-08-12 | メリアル インコーポレイテッド | Thiophene or furan substituted isothiazoline compounds as pesticides |
CN110869362A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2020-03-06 | 国立研究开发法人理化学研究所 | Modified class A GPCR binding compounds |
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RU2704967C1 (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2019-11-01 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ярославский государственный педагогический университет им. К.Д. Ушинского (ЯГПУ им. К.Д. Ушинского) | Carboxamide derivatives of isoxazoline, method for production and use thereof for treating inflammatory diseases |
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HUT74690A (en) * | 1993-11-24 | 1997-01-28 | Du Pont Merck Pharma | Novel isoxazoline and isoxazole fibrinogen receptor antagonists process for producing them and pharmaceutical compositions containing them |
AU677481B2 (en) * | 1993-11-24 | 1997-04-24 | Du Pont Pharmaceuticals Company | Isoxazoline compounds useful as fibrinogen receptor antagonists |
-
1996
- 1996-12-17 CA CA002240946A patent/CA2240946C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-12-17 AU AU13358/97A patent/AU1335897A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-12-17 ES ES96944844T patent/ES2219706T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-17 EP EP96944844A patent/EP0874629B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-17 DE DE69632548T patent/DE69632548T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-17 AT AT96944844T patent/ATE267011T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-12-17 WO PCT/US1996/020076 patent/WO1997023212A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-12-17 JP JP09523762A patent/JP2001502655A/en active Pending
- 1996-12-19 HR HR60/030,666A patent/HRP960597A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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US5262388A (en) * | 1991-05-20 | 1993-11-16 | Shell Research Limited | Herbicidal compounds |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0874629B1 (en) | 2004-05-19 |
HRP960597A2 (en) | 1998-04-30 |
EP0874629A1 (en) | 1998-11-04 |
CA2240946A1 (en) | 1997-07-03 |
ES2219706T3 (en) | 2004-12-01 |
DE69632548T2 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
CA2240946C (en) | 2002-09-10 |
ATE267011T1 (en) | 2004-06-15 |
JP2001502655A (en) | 2001-02-27 |
DE69632548D1 (en) | 2004-06-24 |
AU1335897A (en) | 1997-07-17 |
EP0874629A4 (en) | 1999-08-04 |
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