WO1997003727A1 - Improved stilt system - Google Patents

Improved stilt system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997003727A1
WO1997003727A1 PCT/US1996/011830 US9611830W WO9703727A1 WO 1997003727 A1 WO1997003727 A1 WO 1997003727A1 US 9611830 W US9611830 W US 9611830W WO 9703727 A1 WO9703727 A1 WO 9703727A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
leg support
stilt
platform
bracket
strap
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1996/011830
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
William D. Armstrong
Joe Lin
Original Assignee
Armstrong William D
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=24006016&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO1997003727(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Armstrong William D filed Critical Armstrong William D
Priority to AU64989/96A priority Critical patent/AU6498996A/en
Priority to EP96924571A priority patent/EP0846018A4/en
Publication of WO1997003727A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997003727A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B25/00—Stilts or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to stilt systems, particularly stilt systems used in the construction industry for accessing and hanging suspended ceiling structures, as well as
  • stilt systems Such systems permit them freedom of movement by walking, while raising the workers to a desired elevated height.
  • Such stilts are known in the art and are sold under various trade names.
  • One well-known stilt system is sold under the trade
  • the DURA-STILT is an adjustable stilt to be worn on each leg. It has a floor platform and a shoe platform
  • a hollow tubular leg support is attached to the rearward vertical member. Straps are
  • the vertical members are pivotally attached to the upper shoe platform and the lower floor platform and are spring ⁇ loaded, the vertical members are maintained in a substantially parallelogram
  • leg support member had a tendency to loosen and become detached from the stilt, thereby causing the stilt to disassemble
  • the present invention is directed to improvements in the spring-loaded parallelogram stilt of the DURA-STILT type.
  • An improved leg support attachment is
  • leg support is attached by a capturing bracket to the rearward
  • a nut and bolt pass through the capturing bracket, the bottom of the leg support and through a plastic block captured within the inside of the hollow tubular
  • a yoke structure is provided at the shoe platform level for providing
  • the yoke structure is of
  • the yoke structure is slidably engaged with a slot in a bracket attached
  • the lower leg support attachment employing the capturing bracket and the yoke structure serve to prevent the leg support from accidentally becoming detached from the stilt.
  • These straps are made of a suitable belt or
  • strap material and have on the surface of the straps or belts hook and loop fastening
  • the remaining surfaces ofthe strap are covered with hook fastening material.
  • a gap or space is provided between the different fastening material patches so that fold lines are created in which a fastening buckle is engaged.
  • the length of the strap is adjusted using an
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an improved stilt in accordance with the present
  • FIG. 2 is a detail elevational view of a leg support portion of the improved stilt in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a partially fragmented detail view of the lower attachment of the leg
  • FIG. 4 is a detail view of an adjustable yoke attachment of the leg support at a
  • FIG. 5A-5C are side views of improved straps in a laid-open state prior to the
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of a leg or ankle strap in engaged configuration
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of a toe strap in engaged configuration
  • FIG. 8 is a detail view of an adjusted leg or ankle strap in buckled and engaged configuration.
  • FIG. 1 shows an improved stilt, generally designated by the numeral 10, in
  • the stilt 10 is of an adjustable parallelogram
  • the stilt is comprised of a floor platform 12, a shoe platform 14, forward vertical support member 16 and rearward vertical support member 18.
  • Forward vertical support member 16 is
  • fasteners such as rivets or nuts and bolts.
  • Vertical support members 16, 18 are each telescoping and have adjustment holes
  • FIGS. 2-4 provide further details of the attachment of leg support 42 to stilt 10.
  • Capturing bracket 48 is attached below the biasing spring assembly to rearward vertical
  • Leg support lower end 46 is shaped or contoured as shown (FIG. 3) so as to fit within capturing bracket 48.
  • a bolt support block 60 preferably made of plastic, is fitted within leg support lower end 46. Nut and bolt
  • yoke 50 is comprised of two adjoining pieces 64, 66 which encircle tubular
  • leg support 42 and are joined by nut and bolt assemblies 68.
  • Adjustable fastening pin or bolt 74 engages slot 76 of yoke bracket 78 which is attached by suitable means such as bolt 80 to shoe platform 14.
  • the resilient padding material 70 permits
  • leg support 42 The positioning of leg support 42 in the transverse direction
  • T is provided by positioning and tightening yoke pin 74 in yoke bracket slot 76. This permits adjustment of the leg support 42 relative to the user's leg, as shown by arrow
  • the stilt system is made of suitable materials such as tubular aluminum
  • FIGS. 5-8 show an improved interleaving strap system for the improved stilt.
  • FIGS. 5A-5C show, respectively, a calf strap 100, an ankle strap 102 and a toe strap
  • Each of these straps has similar elements which are denominated by the same
  • Calf strap 100 has an adjustment buckle 110, with a center spindle 112. A
  • Strap 100 is made of a strip 116 of a
  • patches 120, 122 of loop material are provided.
  • loop material 122 is mounted on the back or underside 124 of the strip 116 and loop material 120 is mounted on the front or face 126 of the strip 116.
  • a gap or space 128 is provided between hook material patch 118 and loop material patch 120.
  • a cover strip or flap 130 of the strip material is attached to strip 116 and
  • toe strap 104 differs from straps 100, 102 in that no cover strip or flap is provided. As a result, there is only one loop patch 120 for closure against hook patch 118.
  • the straps 100, 102, 104 are assembled to be in an adjustable fashion by feeding
  • fastening buckle 114 resulting in a loop forming to hold fastening buckle 114 in a desired position.
  • the location of fastening buckle 114 can be adjusted by altering the
  • FIG. 6 shows a calf strap 100 or ankle strap 102 in assembled configuration.
  • the fastening buckle 114 is located in a desired position relative to adjustment buckle
  • the adjustable calf strap 100 encloses a calf or the adjustable ankle strap 102 encloses an ankle of a stilt user.
  • FIG. 7 shows a similar arrangement for toe strap 104, except that only loop material patch 120 engages hook material patch 118 and there is no cover strip.
  • FIG. 8 shows a detail of FIG. 6 of the fastening buckle 114, adjustment buckle
  • the improved stilt system of the present invention works in a fashion similar to the prior art DURA-S ⁇ LT.
  • the yoke 50 arrangement of the present invention miiiimizes crimping or
  • leg support 42 due to overtightening of the yoke 50, thus avoiding a
  • the improved straps 100, 102, 104 make fastening and unfastening the stilts 10 to the user's legs and feet more secure, yet

Abstract

A spring loaded parallelogram stilt (10) having a leg support attachment (44), is provided in which the leg support (42) is attached by a capturing bracket (48) to the rearward vertical support (18). A yoke structure (50) is provided at the shoe platform level (14).

Description

LMPROVED STILT SYSTEM
Field ofthe Invention
The present invention relates to stilt systems, particularly stilt systems used in the construction industry for accessing and hanging suspended ceiling structures, as well as
accessing electrical and heating, ventilation and air conditioning duct work in such
suspended ceilings.
Background ofthe Invention
In order to attach fasteners, suspend a ceiling or access suspended ceiling
structures and the related electrical heating, ventilation and air conditioning structures
which are provided therein, construction workers and other skilled craftsmen frequently
use stilt systems. Such systems permit them freedom of movement by walking, while raising the workers to a desired elevated height. Such stilts are known in the art and are sold under various trade names. One well-known stilt system is sold under the trade
name DURA-STLLT and is described in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,102,272 and 3,902,199, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein. The DURA-STILT is an adjustable stilt to be worn on each leg. It has a floor platform and a shoe platform
which are connected by two parallel spring-loaded pivotally mounted vertical members.
A hollow tubular leg support is attached to the rearward vertical member. Straps are
provided for attaching the leg support to the user's leg and for attaching the ankle area
and the toe area of the shoe to the shoe platform. Because the vertical members are pivotally attached to the upper shoe platform and the lower floor platform and are spring¬ loaded, the vertical members are maintained in a substantially parallelogram
configuration. This permits the user to walk readily on the stilts and maintain his
balance.
The prior art stilt systems had several disadvantages. The straps which attach the
user's legs and shoes to the stilts were bulky and not readily fastened, unfastened and adjusted. In addition, and more importantly, the leg support member had a tendency to loosen and become detached from the stilt, thereby causing the stilt to disassemble and
the user to fall.
The present invention is directed to overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art
stilt systems.
Summary ofthe Invention
The present invention is directed to improvements in the spring-loaded parallelogram stilt of the DURA-STILT type. An improved leg support attachment is
provided in which the leg support is attached by a capturing bracket to the rearward
vertical support. A nut and bolt pass through the capturing bracket, the bottom of the leg support and through a plastic block captured within the inside of the hollow tubular
vertical leg support. A yoke structure is provided at the shoe platform level for providing
further connection and adjustable support for the leg support. The yoke structure is of
two pieces which surround the tubular leg support and has an inner surface made of a
resilient material. The yoke structure is slidably engaged with a slot in a bracket attached
to the outside of the shoe platform. The lower leg support attachment employing the capturing bracket and the yoke structure serve to prevent the leg support from accidentally becoming detached from the stilt.
Improved straps are also provided. These straps are made of a suitable belt or
strap material and have on the surface of the straps or belts hook and loop fastening
material such as VELCRO® brand fastening material. The hook and loop fastening
material is arranged on the surface ofthe straps such that multiple folds ofthe material
create a firm, yet readily adjusted and released, attachment ofthe straps. This is achieved
by having one flap of the strap having loop fastening material on both sides. The
remaining surfaces ofthe strap are covered with hook fastening material. A gap or space is provided between the different fastening material patches so that fold lines are created in which a fastening buckle is engaged. The length of the strap is adjusted using an
adjustment buckle. The advantages of the present invention are shown in the drawings
and the detailed description which follows.
Brief Description of the Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an improved stilt in accordance with the present
mvention;
FIG. 2 is a detail elevational view of a leg support portion of the improved stilt in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partially fragmented detail view of the lower attachment of the leg
support to the stilt;
FIG. 4 is a detail view of an adjustable yoke attachment of the leg support at a
shoe platform level; FIG. 5A-5C are side views of improved straps in a laid-open state prior to the
ends being threaded through the adjustment buckle for adjustment and cinching;
FIG. 6 is a side view of a leg or ankle strap in engaged configuration;
FIG. 7 is a side view of a toe strap in engaged configuration; and FIG. 8 is a detail view of an adjusted leg or ankle strap in buckled and engaged configuration.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THR DRAWINGS
Referring now to the drawings, wherein like elements are denominated by like numerals, FIG. 1 shows an improved stilt, generally designated by the numeral 10, in
accordance with the present invention. The stilt 10 is of an adjustable parallelogram
type known in the art and sold under the trade name DURA-STILT. The stilt is comprised of a floor platform 12, a shoe platform 14, forward vertical support member 16 and rearward vertical support member 18. Forward vertical support member 16 is
pivotally attached to floor platform 12 by a pin or bolt 20 fastened through bracket 22 and brushing 24. A similar arrangement of pin or bolt 26, bracket 28 and bushing 30
is provided to attach forward vertical support member 16 to shoe platform 14. Corresponding attachments are provided to attach rearward vertical support member 18
to floor platform 12 and shoe platform 14. Spring supports 32, 34 and 36 and centering
rod 37 (FIG. 2) capture springs 38, 40, which provide spring biasing of the two vertical
support members 16, 18. Hollow tubular leg support 42 having calf brace 44 is
attached at its lower end 46 to rearward vertical support 18 by capturing bracket 48. Leg support 42 is attached to shoe platform 14 by yoke 50. Calf strap 100 is attached to calf brace 44. Ankle strap 102 is attached to the rear of shoe platform 14. Toe strap
104 is attached at the front of shoe platform 14. The straps are attached by suitable
fasteners such as rivets or nuts and bolts.
Vertical support members 16, 18 are each telescoping and have adjustment holes
57 which are engaged by wing nut bolts 59, thereby permitting the vertical support members 16, 18 to be vertically adjusted.
FIGS. 2-4 provide further details of the attachment of leg support 42 to stilt 10.
Capturing bracket 48 is attached below the biasing spring assembly to rearward vertical
support 18 by rivets or bolts 58. Leg support lower end 46 is shaped or contoured as shown (FIG. 3) so as to fit within capturing bracket 48. A bolt support block 60, preferably made of plastic, is fitted within leg support lower end 46. Nut and bolt
assembly 62 passes through capturing bracket 48, leg support lower end 46 and bolt
support block 60. In the event that nut and bolt assembly 62 should come loose or break, capturing bracket 48 will still hold leg support lower end 46 in place. As shown in FIG. 4, yoke 50 is comprised of two adjoining pieces 64, 66 which encircle tubular
leg support 42 and are joined by nut and bolt assemblies 68. The inner surface of yoke
pieces 64, 66 are lined with a resilient padding material 70, such as foam rubber. Yoke
piece 66 has an appendage 72 with an adjustable fastening pin or bolt 74. Adjustable fastening pin or bolt 74 engages slot 76 of yoke bracket 78 which is attached by suitable means such as bolt 80 to shoe platform 14. The resilient padding material 70 permits
tightening of the yoke 50 around tubular leg support 42 without deforming or otherwise
damaging leg support 42. The positioning of leg support 42 in the transverse direction
T is provided by positioning and tightening yoke pin 74 in yoke bracket slot 76. This permits adjustment of the leg support 42 relative to the user's leg, as shown by arrow
A (FIG. 2). The stilt system is made of suitable materials such as tubular aluminum
or steel for the supports, and steel, rubber or plastic for the shoe and floor platforms.
FIGS. 5-8 show an improved interleaving strap system for the improved stilt. FIGS. 5A-5C show, respectively, a calf strap 100, an ankle strap 102 and a toe strap
104. Each of these straps has similar elements which are denominated by the same
numerals. Calf strap 100 has an adjustment buckle 110, with a center spindle 112. A
fastening buckle 114 is mounted on strap 100. Strap 100 is made of a strip 116 of a
suitable strap or belt material such as nylon. A patch of hook material 118 and two
patches 120, 122 of loop material (of hook and loop material such as VELCRO®) are
provided on strip 116. Loop material 122 is mounted on the back or underside 124 of the strip 116 and loop material 120 is mounted on the front or face 126 of the strip 116. A gap or space 128 is provided between hook material patch 118 and loop material patch 120. A cover strip or flap 130 of the strip material is attached to strip 116 and
has a patch of hook material 132 on the underside 134 of the strip 130. As will be seen
from FIGS. 5A and 5B, the construction of the calf strap 100 and ankle strap 102 are
identical, with the only difference being size. As shown in FIG. 5C, toe strap 104 differs from straps 100, 102 in that no cover strip or flap is provided. As a result, there is only one loop patch 120 for closure against hook patch 118.
The straps 100, 102, 104 are assembled to be in an adjustable fashion by feeding
the end 136 (and cover strip 130 for straps 100, 102) through both eyelets 138, 140 of
adjustment buckle 110, resulting in a loop forming to hold fastening buckle 114 in a desired position. The location of fastening buckle 114 can be adjusted by altering the
length of strip material fed through adjustment buckle 110.
FIG. 6 shows a calf strap 100 or ankle strap 102 in assembled configuration.
The fastening buckle 114 is located in a desired position relative to adjustment buckle
110. The end 136 of strip 116 is folded over fastening buckle 114 at gap 128 and the
loop material 120 is engaged with the hook material 118. Cover strip 130 is then
folded onto the strip 116 such that hook material 132 engages with loop material 122.
Thus, the adjustable calf strap 100 encloses a calf or the adjustable ankle strap 102 encloses an ankle of a stilt user. FIG. 7 shows a similar arrangement for toe strap 104, except that only loop material patch 120 engages hook material patch 118 and there is no cover strip.
FIG. 8 shows a detail of FIG. 6 of the fastening buckle 114, adjustment buckle
110 and the engagement of hook and loop materials.
In operation, the improved stilt system of the present invention works in a fashion similar to the prior art DURA-SΗLT. The spring-biased and pivotally mounted
vertical members 16, 18 are maintained parallel and the floor platform 12 and shoe
platform 14 are maintained parallel and level. Hence, a parallelogram is maintained and the user is able to walk on the stilts 10. The prior art stilts had a problem with disassembly due to the leg support 42 coming detached from the stilt 10. That situation is averted by the capture bracket 48 and leg support end 46 arrangement of the present
invention. The yoke 50 arrangement of the present invention miiiimizes crimping or
deformation of leg support 42 due to overtightening of the yoke 50, thus avoiding a
problem in the prior art stilts. In addition, the improved straps 100, 102, 104 make fastening and unfastening the stilts 10 to the user's legs and feet more secure, yet
readily releasable.
Although a certain presently preferred embodiment of the present invention has
been specifically described herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains that variations and modifications of the embodiment shown and described herein may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the
invention. Accordingly, it is intended that the invention be limited only to the extent
required by the appended claims and the applicable rules of law.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED TS:
1. An improved stilt comprising:
a floor platform,
a shoe platform, a pair of substantially vertically mounted supports pivotally connecting said floor
platform and said shoe platform, said vertical supports spring-biased so as to maintain
said vertical supports and said platforms in a parallelogram configuration,
a leg support mounted to one of said vertically mounted supports and to said
shoe platform, said mounting including a capturing bracket for engaging the lower end
of said leg support and a resiliently lined yoke for engaging the leg support at the
attachment to said shoe platform.
2. An improved stilt as in claim 1, further comprising a strap system including
interleaving hook and loop fastener patches.
3. An improved stilt as in claim 1, further comprising a leg support end having a reduced dimension for engaging said capturing bracket, said leg support end
attached to said capturing bracket by a nut and bolt assembly passing through said
bracket, said leg support end and a plastic block captured within said leg support end.
4. An improved stilt as in claim 2, wherein said strap system is comprised of a strip of material having corresponding hook and loop patches arranged a to be threaded through a fastening buckle and folded so as to engage and hold said strip in
place.
PCT/US1996/011830 1995-07-19 1996-07-19 Improved stilt system WO1997003727A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU64989/96A AU6498996A (en) 1995-07-19 1996-07-19 Improved stilt system
EP96924571A EP0846018A4 (en) 1995-07-19 1996-07-19 Improved stilt system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/504,378 1995-07-19
US08/504,378 US5645515A (en) 1995-07-19 1995-07-19 Stilt system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997003727A1 true WO1997003727A1 (en) 1997-02-06

Family

ID=24006016

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1996/011830 WO1997003727A1 (en) 1995-07-19 1996-07-19 Improved stilt system

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5645515A (en)
EP (1) EP0846018A4 (en)
CN (1) CN1193284A (en)
AU (1) AU6498996A (en)
CA (1) CA2227332A1 (en)
MX (1) MX9800543A (en)
NZ (1) NZ313017A (en)
TW (1) TW324761B (en)
WO (1) WO1997003727A1 (en)

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JP2002510531A (en) * 1998-04-03 2002-04-09 カナダレグ・インコーポレーテッド Crutch device
US6558297B1 (en) * 2000-07-28 2003-05-06 Carnegie Mellon University Energy storage device used in locomotion machine
US6517586B2 (en) * 2000-12-18 2003-02-11 Joe Lin Support apparatus
AT411733B (en) * 2001-12-19 2004-05-25 Brandstetter Rainer Mag SPRING SHOE
US7108640B2 (en) * 2002-04-25 2006-09-19 Emmert Second Limited Partnership Stilt device with improved leg attachment assembly
US7163518B1 (en) * 2003-10-20 2007-01-16 Rgpartnership Llp Walking leg support
US20050202940A1 (en) * 2004-03-03 2005-09-15 Joseph Simmons Mounting platform for construction stilt
US7571839B2 (en) * 2004-05-19 2009-08-11 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Passive exoskeleton
US7445138B2 (en) * 2004-05-19 2008-11-04 Conrad Chu Passive exoskeleton
WO2007094769A1 (en) * 2006-02-14 2007-08-23 Demay Med, L.L.C. Forearm crutch padded cover
US7780581B1 (en) 2004-12-20 2010-08-24 Emmert Second Limited Partnership Foot plate assembly with adjustable symmetric retention strap arrangement
US20060191745A1 (en) * 2005-02-09 2006-08-31 Mcallister Kevin L Adjustable leg extension
US20060217241A1 (en) * 2005-03-23 2006-09-28 Richard Novara Two-legged stilt
US20070027004A1 (en) * 2005-03-23 2007-02-01 Richard Novara Adjustable two-legged stilt with catch mechanism
US8337369B1 (en) * 2005-12-19 2012-12-25 Jacobson Zachary T Adjustable quick-release ratcheting binding system for adjustable leg extensions
US20070167296A1 (en) * 2006-01-19 2007-07-19 Martin Hika Stilt height adjustment apparatus and method
US7744509B1 (en) 2006-02-24 2010-06-29 Emmert Second Limited Partnership Reinforcement member to enhance rotational motion such as for use in a stilt device
US7374514B2 (en) 2006-03-18 2008-05-20 Ted G Anderson Economical foam stilts
US20070232459A1 (en) * 2006-04-03 2007-10-04 Joe Lin Leg brace for stilts
US20080096732A1 (en) * 2006-04-03 2008-04-24 Joe Lin Stilts
US7452294B2 (en) * 2006-05-09 2008-11-18 Paul Milone Training method for the use of a battering ram
US20070270288A1 (en) * 2006-05-22 2007-11-22 Phil Hansard Portable attachment device and method for comfort and support
US20080058171A1 (en) * 2006-09-05 2008-03-06 Marshalltown Company Stilt System
US7981008B1 (en) 2006-09-05 2011-07-19 Marshalltown Company Stilt system
US20080172132A1 (en) * 2007-01-16 2008-07-17 Mckee Steven J Safety stilt
US7600524B2 (en) * 2007-12-27 2009-10-13 West Effective Solutions And Technology, Llc Mono-Crutch for lower leg disability
US20090203504A1 (en) * 2008-02-11 2009-08-13 Jerry Wayne Williams Extension system for mechanical stilts
US7946966B1 (en) * 2008-07-16 2011-05-24 Kimberly Ann Graham Leg extensions
US20100093501A1 (en) * 2008-10-10 2010-04-15 Singleton Robert P Walking Stilts with Separate Heel and Toe Sections
IT1394266B1 (en) * 2008-10-23 2012-06-01 Zordan MOLD FOR SAFETY HOLDING MEANS
US8172730B2 (en) * 2009-12-01 2012-05-08 Emmert Second Limited Partnership Stilt devices with common leg support assemblies
US10039956B1 (en) 2016-01-08 2018-08-07 Joe Lin Stilts

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US3902199A (en) * 1974-02-11 1975-09-02 Raymond L Emmert Stilt device
US4722523A (en) * 1986-04-29 1988-02-02 Yang Lien C Assembled multi-use physical fitness exerciser
US4844448A (en) * 1987-09-02 1989-07-04 Niznik Michael D Stand up exerciser
US5498220A (en) * 1994-06-15 1996-03-12 Ensmenger; Gary Toe-articulated stilt

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Title
See also references of EP0846018A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6498996A (en) 1997-02-18
CA2227332A1 (en) 1997-02-06
EP0846018A4 (en) 2000-06-21
TW324761B (en) 1998-01-11
EP0846018A1 (en) 1998-06-10
CN1193284A (en) 1998-09-16
NZ313017A (en) 2000-08-25
US5645515A (en) 1997-07-08
MX9800543A (en) 1998-11-29

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