WO1996014469A1 - Paper containing variable controlled concentrations of security elements, and method for making same - Google Patents

Paper containing variable controlled concentrations of security elements, and method for making same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996014469A1
WO1996014469A1 PCT/FR1995/001405 FR9501405W WO9614469A1 WO 1996014469 A1 WO1996014469 A1 WO 1996014469A1 FR 9501405 W FR9501405 W FR 9501405W WO 9614469 A1 WO9614469 A1 WO 9614469A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
paper
security elements
particles
fibers
jet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1995/001405
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Doublet
Jean-Paul Menez
Original Assignee
Arjo Wiggins S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arjo Wiggins S.A. filed Critical Arjo Wiggins S.A.
Priority to DE19581817T priority Critical patent/DE19581817B4/en
Priority to GB9707858A priority patent/GB2309710B/en
Priority to BR9509557A priority patent/BR9509557A/en
Publication of WO1996014469A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996014469A1/en

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • D21H21/44Latent security elements, i.e. detectable or becoming apparent only by use of special verification or tampering devices or methods
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/36Inorganic fibres or flakes
    • D21H13/46Non-siliceous fibres, e.g. from metal oxides
    • D21H13/48Metal or metallised fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a paper, more particularly a security paper, for example a paper for banknotes, for checks, for visas, passports, credit cards, and others.
  • a security paper for example a paper for banknotes, for checks, for visas, passports, credit cards, and others.
  • These elements can, for example, be shiny, fluorescent, luminescent, metallic, magnetic fibers or flakes or boards, thermochromic, photochromic, iridescent, etc.
  • Document FR-A-2 425 937 describes a fibrous structure comprising metallic fibers and its manufacturing process.
  • These metallic fibers are incorporated into the coherent structure in a controllable manner, that is to say in limited places and at predetermined concentrations, either on the surface or in the thickness of the structure, for example in the form of strips. .
  • the surface deposition in strips is done by arrangement of a secondary headbox containing a dispersion of metallic fibers above the wet section of the paper machine and extending over part of the width of the paper.
  • the final paper comprises a strip in which the fibers are distributed randomly, since an aqueous suspension of metallic fibers is deposited, the concentration of the fibers in the strip having a constant average value.
  • These fibers can be incorporated into the thickness of the structure.
  • a dispersion containing cellulosic fibers and metallic fibers is formed by the papermaking process, then this fibrous sheet is covered with sheets devoid of metallic fibers. This association can take place either on a machine with several flat tables, or outside a paper machine, by laminating.
  • such a sheet is called “multi-ply", that is to say it comprises several layers.
  • the concentration of the fibers is either zero, at the place where the layer comprising the metallic fibers does not exist, or constant, at the place where the layer comprising the fibers exists. If the fibers are detected by means of a detector, this will transmit a signal equal to either O (zero fiber concentration) or 1 (average fiber concentration C). Consequently, a counterfeiter can deposit fibers at a certain location, this deposit being either constant or random. At the places where the deposit will be zero, the detector will indicate a signal O. At the places where the deposit will be carried out, the detector will indicate a signal 1, whether the deposit is constant or random, the concentration of the fibers finally having a constant mean value, even in the case of a random deposit.
  • a detector will not be able to detect authentic papers or counterfeit papers.
  • Document US-A-59281 describes a process for manufacturing paper which consists in adding powder or metallic fillers to the pulp. This process essentially consists in introducing the metallic elements in a random manner, for example using a perforated cylinder containing the perforated elements which fall under the effect of gravity on the sheet of paper being formed.
  • Document GB-A-696 673 describes a method and an apparatus for spraying elements, for example metallic powder, just before the sheet of paper is formed.
  • the elements can be introduced in the form of lines of points or lines according to a sinusoidal or cycloidal curve. We can control the device to deposit the elements using beta rays, but the concentrations are random.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to produce in a simple manner a sheet in the form of a fibrous structure comprising particulate security elements arranged inside the thickness of the fibrous structure.
  • fibrous structure means any structure obtained by the papermaking route, from an aqueous composition of cellulosic fibers, optionally synthetic fibers, fillers and any other additive used in the papermaking industry. Another object of the invention is to produce a sheet in the form of a fibrous structure comprising particulate elements allowing differentiated variations of recognition signals.
  • the invention relates to a paper comprising security elements in the form of particles, characterized in that it consists of at least one jet, the particles being arranged in the thickness of the jet at concentrations C determined variables, over the entire surface or in bands.
  • the sheet is monojet.
  • the particles are particles in any form, such as fibers, flakes, boards, for example metallic fibers.
  • the particles are arranged in the domains D t , D 2 , D 3 , D devisdistinct, the average concentration of the particles Ci, C, C 3 , C n in each domain being determined.
  • the particles are arranged in the domains D t , D 2 , D 3 , D hinderdistinct, the average concentration of the particles Ci, C 2 , C 3 , C Pain in each domain being determined.
  • the domains Di, D 2 , D 3 , D n are distant from each other, their distance being determined.
  • the average concentrations Ci, C 2 , C 3 , C n are distributed along a curve, for example according to a sinusoid.
  • the security elements emit detectable physical signals, in particular optical, magnetic, electrical.
  • the security elements can be of average concentration Ci in one place, C 2 in another place and C in another place, so that Ci ⁇ C 2 ⁇ C 3 .
  • the signal is therefore encrypted and decrypted on reading.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing such a sheet.
  • WO 94/11577 (TUMBA) describes a method for producing delimited areas in paper consisting in preventing the paper from being wrung at one or more places on the machine fabric during the formation of a sheet. of paper on the machine, and by depositing on these places a particular composition which contains fibers which are different from the other fibers deposited on the canvas.
  • a nozzle which has a lip which rests against the canvas of the round shape, the nozzle having a part which delivers the particular composition in the part which is said "Naked".
  • a paper is thus obtained which has transparent parts, but these parts having all the other physical properties which are the same as that of paper.
  • the method according to the present invention consists in depositing or introducing the particles when part of the paper jet is formed on the canvas, preferably when the jet is formed halfway.
  • the security elements are introduced by means of a fluid, the flow of which is regulated.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a sheet produced according to document FR-A-2 425 937.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a sheet produced according to document US-A-4,437,935.
  • Figure 3 is a view of a sheet produced according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view along line AA of the sheet of FIG. 3.
  • Figure 5 is a view of the signal transmitted to a detector.
  • FIG. 6 is a view of the device used to produce the sheet according to FIG. 3.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the device for producing the sheet according to the invention.
  • the sheet 1 shown in Figure 1 is formed of three folds.
  • the outer plies 2 and 3 are, for example, fibrous structures obtained on a flat or round table from an aqueous suspension of cellulose fibers, optionally in admixture with synthetic fibers, fillers and other well-known additives of l skilled in the art.
  • the inner sheet 4 is a fibrous structure obtained from an aqueous suspension, containing cellulose fibers, security elements 5, possibly synthetic fibers and other additives.
  • the security elements are more particularly metallic or magnetic fibers. Because they are introduced into the aqueous suspension, they are distributed randomly.
  • the final sheet consists of three folds. In Figure 2, there is shown a sheet 6 formed of two folds 7 and 8. Between these two folds is introduced during their formation by paper, a band 9 soluble in water having security elements which are separated the each other. These security elements are placed at an equidistant distance. Their concentration is constant.
  • FIG. 3 represents a sheet 11 according to the invention.
  • the sheet 11 according to the invention is such that it includes security elements 12 in the form of particles.
  • particles is meant any element of any shape, for example fibers a few tenths of a millimeter long, flakes, planchettes.
  • These security elements can be metallic or magnetic.
  • the particulate elements 12 are arranged inside the thickness of the sheet 11, as shown in FIG. 4. Preferably, the elements 12 are located substantially half of the thickness e of the sheet 11.
  • the sheet 11 is single-jet and the particles 12 are arranged so that their concentrations are variable, but determined.
  • concentrations it is meant that at a given location on the sheet the concentration C of the particles 12 is adjusted.
  • the concentration of the particles is Ci, in the area D 2 , it is C, in the area D 3 , it is C 3 , in the area D n , the concentration of particles is Cmony.
  • the signals transmitted by the particles will therefore follow the same modifications.
  • the concentrations C follow a sinusoidal curve, the transmitted signals will have a sinusoidal profile.
  • the concentrations C can be adjusted so that the transmitted signals have the desired configuration.
  • FIG. 5 shows a sinusoidal signal S obtained from metallic fibers having increasing then decreasing concentrations. Depending on the average distance d between the different domains Di, D 2 , D 3 , Drete, the pitch of the curve of the signal S can be adjusted.
  • Figure 6 there is shown a device for carrying out the particle deposition process.
  • the round machine shown in 13 consists of a cylinder 14 formed of a canvas which can be embossed to form a watermark in the paper.
  • the cylinder 14 rotates in an aqueous suspension of cellulose fibers, possibly synthetic fibers and other known additives.
  • the fibers are deposited on the cylinder 14 to form a jet 15 of paper.
  • the particles are deposited at the place where the paper jet is half-formed.
  • the flow rate of the particles is adjusted for example by means of a valve 18. Depending on whether the flow rate is greater or less, the particles are deposited in a higher or lower concentration.
  • the particles can be brought in by means of a fluid such as compressed air or water.
  • the jet When the particles are deposited on the half-formed or forming jet, the jet continues to form due to the rotation of the cylinder 14 and is lifted by means of a lifting cloth shown in 19, then to go to a dryer or any other subsequent treatment of the paper throw.
  • a whole series 16a, 16b, 16c of tubes 16 can be provided, the ends of which are placed in the vicinity of the canvas of the cylinder, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the ends 17a, 17b, 17c of the tubes are placed above the canvas of the cylinder, without touching the latter.
  • the distance between the ends 17a, 17b, 17c of the tubes and the surface of the fabric 14 is adjusted so that the particles are placed inside the jet 15, in formation.

Abstract

Paper comprising particulate security elements is disclosed. The paper consists of at least one ply and the particles are arranged within the body of the ply at predetermined variable concentrations (C). The particles are preferably arranged in separate regions (D1, D2, D3 and Dn), the average particle concentration (C1, C2, C3 and Cn) in each region being predetermined. The average concentrations (C1, C2, C3 and Cn) are distributed along a curve such as a sine curve. The security elements are metal fibres. Said paper may be used in banknotes.

Description

PAPIER COMPRENANT DES CONCENTRATIONS VARIABLES, CONTROLEES, D'ELEMENTS DE SECURITE ET SON PROCEDE DE FABRICATION PAPER COMPRISING VARIABLE, CONTROLLED CONCENTRATIONS OF SECURITY ELEMENTS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF
L'invention concerne un papier, plus particulièrement un papier de sécurité, par exemple un papier pour billets de banque, pour chèques, pour visas, passeports, cartes de crédit, et autres.The invention relates to a paper, more particularly a security paper, for example a paper for banknotes, for checks, for visas, passports, credit cards, and others.
De tels papiers sont, de manière connue, sécurisés à l'aide d'éléments de sécurité.Such papers are, in known manner, secured using security elements.
Ces éléments peuvent par exemple être des fibres ou paillettes ou planchettes brillantes, fluorescentes, luminescentes, métalliques, magnétiques, thermochromes, photochromes, iridescentes, etc.These elements can, for example, be shiny, fluorescent, luminescent, metallic, magnetic fibers or flakes or boards, thermochromic, photochromic, iridescent, etc.
On a décrit dans le document FR-A-2 425 937 une structure fibreuse comprenant des fibres métalliques et son procédé de fabrication.Document FR-A-2 425 937 describes a fibrous structure comprising metallic fibers and its manufacturing process.
Ces fibres métalliques sont incorporées dans la structure cohérente de façon contrôlable, c'est- à-dire à des endroits limités et à des concentrations prédéterminées, soit sur la surface, soit dans l'épaisseur de la structure, par exemple sous forme de bandes. Le dépôt de surface en bandes se fait par aménagement d'une caisse de tête secondaire contenant une dispersion de fibres métalliques au dessus de la section humide de la machine à papier et s'étendant sur une partie de la largeur du papier. Ainsi le papier final comporte une bande dans laquelle les fibres sont réparties de façon aléatoire, puisqu'on dépose une suspension aqueuse de fibres métalliques, la concentration des fibres dans la bande ayant une valeur moyenne constante.These metallic fibers are incorporated into the coherent structure in a controllable manner, that is to say in limited places and at predetermined concentrations, either on the surface or in the thickness of the structure, for example in the form of strips. . The surface deposition in strips is done by arrangement of a secondary headbox containing a dispersion of metallic fibers above the wet section of the paper machine and extending over part of the width of the paper. Thus, the final paper comprises a strip in which the fibers are distributed randomly, since an aqueous suspension of metallic fibers is deposited, the concentration of the fibers in the strip having a constant average value.
Ces fibres peuvent être incorporées dans l'épaisseur de la structure. Lorsqu'on veut effectuer un dépôt dans l'épaisseur de la structure on forme par voie papetière une dispersion contenant des fibres cellulosiques et des fibres métalliques à la concentration désirée, puis on recouvre cette feuille fibreuse de feuilles dépourvues de fibres métalliques. Cette association peut avoir heu soit sur machine à plusieurs tables plates, soit hors machine à papier, par contrecollage.These fibers can be incorporated into the thickness of the structure. When it is desired to deposit in the thickness of the structure, a dispersion containing cellulosic fibers and metallic fibers is formed by the papermaking process, then this fibrous sheet is covered with sheets devoid of metallic fibers. This association can take place either on a machine with several flat tables, or outside a paper machine, by laminating.
Ainsi, une telle feuille est dite à « multi-plis », à savoir elle comporte plusieurs couches. De plus, la concentration des fibres est soit nulle, à l'endroit où la couche comportant les fibres métalliques est inexistante, soit constante, à l'endroit où la couche comportant les fibres existe. Si on détecte les fibres au moyen d'un détecteur, celui-ci transmettra un signal égal soit à O (concentration nulle des fibres) soit à 1 (concentration moyenne C des fibres). Par conséquent, un contrefacteur pourra déposer des fibres à un certain endroit, ce dépôt pouvant être soit constant, soit aléatoire. Aux endroits où le dépôt sera nul, le détecteur indiquera un signal O. Aux endroits où le dépôt sera effectué, le détecteur indiquera un signal 1, que le dépôt soit constant ou aléatoire, la concentration des fibres ayant finalement une valeur moyenne constante, même dans le cas d'un dépôt aléatoire.Thus, such a sheet is called "multi-ply", that is to say it comprises several layers. In addition, the concentration of the fibers is either zero, at the place where the layer comprising the metallic fibers does not exist, or constant, at the place where the layer comprising the fibers exists. If the fibers are detected by means of a detector, this will transmit a signal equal to either O (zero fiber concentration) or 1 (average fiber concentration C). Consequently, a counterfeiter can deposit fibers at a certain location, this deposit being either constant or random. At the places where the deposit will be zero, the detector will indicate a signal O. At the places where the deposit will be carried out, the detector will indicate a signal 1, whether the deposit is constant or random, the concentration of the fibers finally having a constant mean value, even in the case of a random deposit.
Ainsi, un détecteur ne pourra pas mettre en évidence les papiers authentiques ou les papiers contrefaits.Thus, a detector will not be able to detect authentic papers or counterfeit papers.
De plus, le procédé de fabrication d'une telle feuille est cher, puisqu'il nécessite plusieurs étapes ou plusieurs tables plates de la machine à papier. Enfin, un tel procédé ne permet pas d'obtenir une feuille sur machine à papier, dite « forme ronde ».In addition, the method of manufacturing such a sheet is expensive, since it requires several stages or several flat tables of the paper machine. Finally, such a process does not make it possible to obtain a sheet on a paper machine, known as a "round shape".
On a décrit dans le document US-A-59281 un procédé de fabrication de papier qui consiste à ajouter à la pulpe de la poudre ou des charges métalliques. Ce procédé consiste essentiellement à introduire les éléments métalliques de manière aléatoire, par exemple à l'aide d'un cylindre perforé contenant les éléments perforés qui tombent sous l'effet de la gravité sur la feuille de papier en formation.Document US-A-59281 describes a process for manufacturing paper which consists in adding powder or metallic fillers to the pulp. This process essentially consists in introducing the metallic elements in a random manner, for example using a perforated cylinder containing the perforated elements which fall under the effect of gravity on the sheet of paper being formed.
On a décrit dans le document GB-A-696 673 un procédé et un appareil pour projeter des éléments, par exemple de la poudre métallique, juste avant la formation de la feuille de papier. Les éléments peuvent être introduits sous forme de lignes de points ou lignes selon une courbe sinusoïdale ou cycloïdale. On peut contrôler l'appareil pour déposer les éléments à l'aide de rayons beta, mais les concentrations sont aléatoires.Document GB-A-696 673 describes a method and an apparatus for spraying elements, for example metallic powder, just before the sheet of paper is formed. The elements can be introduced in the form of lines of points or lines according to a sinusoidal or cycloidal curve. We can control the device to deposit the elements using beta rays, but the concentrations are random.
L'invention a donc pour but de réaliser d'une façon simple une feuille sous forme de structure fibreuse comportant des éléments de sécurité particulaires disposés à l'intérieur de l'épaisseur de la structure fibreuse.The object of the invention is therefore to produce in a simple manner a sheet in the form of a fibrous structure comprising particulate security elements arranged inside the thickness of the fibrous structure.
Par structure fibreuse on entend toute structure obtenue par voie papetière, à partir d'une composition aqueuse de fibres cellulosiques, éventuellement de fibres synthétiques, de charges et tout autre additif utilisé dans l'industrie papetière. Un autre but de l'invention est de réaliser une feuille sous forme de structure fibreuse comportant des éléments particulaires permettant des variations différenciées de signaux de reconnaissance.The term “fibrous structure” means any structure obtained by the papermaking route, from an aqueous composition of cellulosic fibers, optionally synthetic fibers, fillers and any other additive used in the papermaking industry. Another object of the invention is to produce a sheet in the form of a fibrous structure comprising particulate elements allowing differentiated variations of recognition signals.
A cet effet, l'invention concerne un papier comportant des éléments de sécurité sous forme de particules, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est constitué d'au moins un jet, les particules étant disposées dans l'épaisseur du jet à des concentrations C variables déterminées, sur toute la surface ou en bandes.To this end, the invention relates to a paper comprising security elements in the form of particles, characterized in that it consists of at least one jet, the particles being arranged in the thickness of the jet at concentrations C determined variables, over the entire surface or in bands.
La feuille est monojet. De plus, les particules sont des particules sous forme quelconque, telles que des fibres, paillettes, planchettes, par exemple des fibres métalliques. De préférence, les particules sont disposées dans les domaines Dt, D2, D3, D„ distincts, la concentration moyenne des particules Ci, C , C3, Cn dans chaque domaine étant déterminée.The sheet is monojet. In addition, the particles are particles in any form, such as fibers, flakes, boards, for example metallic fibers. Preferably, the particles are arranged in the domains D t , D 2 , D 3 , D „distinct, the average concentration of the particles Ci, C, C 3 , C n in each domain being determined.
les particules sont disposées dans les domaines Dt, D2, D3, D„ distincts, la concentration moyenne des particules Ci, C2, C3, C„dans chaque domaine étant déterminée.the particles are arranged in the domains D t , D 2 , D 3 , D „distinct, the average concentration of the particles Ci, C 2 , C 3 , C„ in each domain being determined.
Les domaines Di, D2, D3, Dn sont distants les uns des autres, leur distance étant déterminée.The domains Di, D 2 , D 3 , D n are distant from each other, their distance being determined.
Les concentrations moyennes Ci, C2, C3, Cn sont réparties selon une courbe, par exemple selon une sinusoïde.The average concentrations Ci, C 2 , C 3 , C n are distributed along a curve, for example according to a sinusoid.
Les éléments de sécurité émettent des signaux physiques détectables, notamment optiques, magnétiques, électriques.The security elements emit detectable physical signals, in particular optical, magnetic, electrical.
Selon l'invention, les éléments de sécurité peuvent être en concentration moyenne Ci dans un endroit, C2 dans un autre endroit et C dans un autre endroit, de façon que Ci < C2 < C3. Le signal est donc crypté et on décrypte à la lecture.According to the invention, the security elements can be of average concentration Ci in one place, C 2 in another place and C in another place, so that Ci <C 2 <C 3 . The signal is therefore encrypted and decrypted on reading.
L'invention concerne en outre un procédé pour réaliser une telle feuille. On a décrit dans le document WO 94/11577 (TUMBA) un procédé pour produire des domaines délimités dans le papier consistant à empêcher l'essorage du papier à un ou plusieurs endroits de la toile de la machine lors de la formation d'une feuille de papier sur la machine, et en déposant sur ces endroits une composition particulière qui contient des fibres qui sont différentes des autres fibres déposées sur la toile.The invention further relates to a method for producing such a sheet. WO 94/11577 (TUMBA) describes a method for producing delimited areas in paper consisting in preventing the paper from being wrung at one or more places on the machine fabric during the formation of a sheet. of paper on the machine, and by depositing on these places a particular composition which contains fibers which are different from the other fibers deposited on the canvas.
Pour empêcher l'essorage du papier, à savoir empêcher le dépôt de fibres, on utilise une buse qui a une lèvre qui repose contre la toile de la forme ronde, la buse ayant une partie qui délivre la composition particulière dans la partie qui est dite « dénudée ». On obtient ainsi un papier qui comporte des parties transparentes, mais ces parties ayant toutes les autres propriétés physiques qui sont les mêmes que celle du papier.To prevent the wringing of the paper, namely to prevent the deposition of fibers, a nozzle is used which has a lip which rests against the canvas of the round shape, the nozzle having a part which delivers the particular composition in the part which is said "Naked". A paper is thus obtained which has transparent parts, but these parts having all the other physical properties which are the same as that of paper.
On a décrit dans le document US-A-4 437 935 (CRANE) un procédé permettant d'introduire des éléments de sécurité à la surface du papier. Ce procédé consiste à disposer des éléments de sécurité sur une bande dispersible à l'eau, à placer la bande dans une position déterminée à la surface de la feuille de papier et à disperser la bande. On peut aussi introduire la bande à l'intérieur du papier. Cependant, ce procédé n'envisage pas de modifier la concentration des éléments de sécurité car au contraire il permet de réaliser un papier ayant des éléments de sécurité à des endroits exacts dans toutes les directions.Document US-A-4,437,935 (CRANE) has described a method for introducing security elements to the surface of the paper. This method consists of placing the security elements on a water-dispersible strip, placing the strip in a determined position on the surface of the sheet of paper and dispersing the strip. You can also introduce the strip inside the paper. However, this method does not envisage modifying the concentration of the security elements because on the contrary it makes it possible to produce a paper having security elements at exact locations in all directions.
Le procédé selon la présente invention consiste à déposer ou introduire les particules lorsqu'une partie du jet de papier est formé sur la toile, de préférence lorsque le jet est formé à moitié. Les éléments de sécurité sont introduits au moyen d'un fluide dont on règle le débit.The method according to the present invention consists in depositing or introducing the particles when part of the paper jet is formed on the canvas, preferably when the jet is formed halfway. The security elements are introduced by means of a fluid, the flow of which is regulated.
On a décrit dans le document US-A-4 437 935 (CRANE) un procédé permettant d'introduire des éléments de sécurité à la surface du papier. Ce procédé consiste à disposer des éléments de sécurité sur une bande dispersible à l'eau, à placer la bande dans une position déterminée à la surface de la feuille de papier et à disperser la bande. On peut aussi introduire la bande à l'intérieur du papier. Cependant, ce procédé n'envisage pas de modifier la concentration des éléments de sécurité car au contraire il permet de réaliser un papier ayant des éléments de sécurité à des endroits exacts dans toutes les directions. Selon l'invention, on dépose les particules en les introduisant à l'aide d'un dispositif , par exemple un tube rigide ou flexible qui ne touche pas la grille de la machine à papier.Document US-A-4,437,935 (CRANE) has described a method for introducing security elements to the surface of the paper. This method consists of placing the security elements on a water-dispersible strip, placing the strip in a determined position on the surface of the sheet of paper and dispersing the strip. You can also introduce the strip inside the paper. However, this method does not envisage modifying the concentration of the security elements because on the contrary it makes it possible to produce a paper having security elements at exact locations in all directions. According to the invention, the particles are deposited by introducing them using a device, for example a rigid or flexible tube which does not touch the grid of the paper machine.
La descrφtion suivante, en regard des dessins annexés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs permettra de comprendre comment l'invention peut être mise en pratique.The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of nonlimiting examples, will make it possible to understand how the invention can be put into practice.
La figure 1 est une vue en éclaté d'une feuille réalisée selon le document FR-A-2 425 937.FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a sheet produced according to document FR-A-2 425 937.
La figure 2 est une vue en éclaté d'une feuille réalisée selon le document US-A-4 437 935.FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a sheet produced according to document US-A-4,437,935.
La figure 3 est une vue d'une feuille réalisée selon la présente invention.Figure 3 is a view of a sheet produced according to the present invention.
La figure 4 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne AA de la feuille de la figure 3.FIG. 4 is a sectional view along line AA of the sheet of FIG. 3.
La figure 5 est une vue du signal transmis à un détecteur.Figure 5 is a view of the signal transmitted to a detector.
La figure 6 est une vue du dispositif utilisé pour réaliser la feuille selon la figure 3.FIG. 6 is a view of the device used to produce the sheet according to FIG. 3.
La figure 7 est une vue en perspective d'un autre mode de réalisation du dispositif pour réaliser la feuille selon l'invention.Figure 7 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the device for producing the sheet according to the invention.
La feuille 1 représentée sur la figure 1 est formée de trois plis. Les plis 2 et 3 extérieurs sont par exemple des structures fibreuses obtenues sur table plate ou forme ronde à partir d'une suspension aqueuse de fibres de cellulose, éventuellement en mélange avec des fibres synthétiques, des charges et d'autres additifs bien connus de l'homme du métier.The sheet 1 shown in Figure 1 is formed of three folds. The outer plies 2 and 3 are, for example, fibrous structures obtained on a flat or round table from an aqueous suspension of cellulose fibers, optionally in admixture with synthetic fibers, fillers and other well-known additives of l skilled in the art.
La feuille interne 4 est une structure fibreuse obtenue à partir d'une suspension aqueuse, contenant des fibres de cellulose, des éléments de sécurité 5, éventuellement des fibres synthétiques et d'autres additifs. Les éléments de sécurité sont plus particulièrement des fibres métalliques ou magnétiques. Du fait qu'on les mtroduit dans la suspension aqueuse, elles sont réparties de façon aléatoire. De plus, la feuille finale est constituée de trois plis. Sur la figure 2, on a représenté une feuille 6 formée de deux plis 7 et 8. Entre ces deux plis on mtroduit lors de leur formation par voie papetière, une bande 9 soluble dans l'eau comportant des éléments de sécurité qui sont séparés les uns des autres. Ces éléments de sécurité sont placés à distance équidistante. Leur concentration est constante.The inner sheet 4 is a fibrous structure obtained from an aqueous suspension, containing cellulose fibers, security elements 5, possibly synthetic fibers and other additives. The security elements are more particularly metallic or magnetic fibers. Because they are introduced into the aqueous suspension, they are distributed randomly. In addition, the final sheet consists of three folds. In Figure 2, there is shown a sheet 6 formed of two folds 7 and 8. Between these two folds is introduced during their formation by paper, a band 9 soluble in water having security elements which are separated the each other. These security elements are placed at an equidistant distance. Their concentration is constant.
La figure 3 représente une feuille 11 selon l'invention.FIG. 3 represents a sheet 11 according to the invention.
La feuille 11 selon l'invention est telle qu'elle comprend des éléments de sécurité 12 sous forme de particules. Par particules, on entend tout élément de forme quelconque, par exemple des fibres de quelques dixièmes de millimètres de long, des paillettes, des planchettes. Ces éléments de sécurité peuvent être métalliques ou magnétiques. Les éléments particulaires 12 sont disposés à l'intérieur de l'épaisseur de la feuille 11, comme on l'a représenté sur la figure 4. De préférence, les éléments 12 sont situés sensiblement à la moitié de l'épaisseur e de la feuille 11.The sheet 11 according to the invention is such that it includes security elements 12 in the form of particles. By particles is meant any element of any shape, for example fibers a few tenths of a millimeter long, flakes, planchettes. These security elements can be metallic or magnetic. The particulate elements 12 are arranged inside the thickness of the sheet 11, as shown in FIG. 4. Preferably, the elements 12 are located substantially half of the thickness e of the sheet 11.
Selon l'invention, la feuille 11 est monojet et les particules 12 sont disposées de façon que leurs concentrations sont variables, mais déterminées. Par concentrations variables déterminées, on entend que à un endroit donné de la feuille la concentration C des particules 12 est réglée.According to the invention, the sheet 11 is single-jet and the particles 12 are arranged so that their concentrations are variable, but determined. By determined variable concentrations, it is meant that at a given location on the sheet the concentration C of the particles 12 is adjusted.
Ainsi, si on se réfère aux figures, dans le domaine Di, la concentration des particules est Ci, dans le domaine D2, elle est C , dans le domaine D3, elle est C3, dans le domaine Dn, la concentration des particules est C„.Thus, if we refer to the figures, in the area Di, the concentration of the particles is Ci, in the area D 2 , it is C, in the area D 3 , it is C 3 , in the area D n , the concentration of particles is C „.
On peut régler les concentrations Ci, C2, C3, C„ de façon que ces concentrations aillent en croissant, puis en décroissant. On aura par exemple : Cι < C2 < C3 C3 > C4 > C6 etc.The concentrations Ci, C 2 , C 3 , C „can be adjusted so that these concentrations go up and then down. We will have for example: Cι <C 2 <C 3 C 3 > C 4 > C 6 etc.
Les signaux transmis par les particules suivront donc les mêmes modifications. Ainsi, si les concentrations C suivent une courbe sinusoïdale, les signaux transmis auront un profil sinusoïdal. Bien entendu, on peut régler les concentrations C de façon que les signaux transmis aient la configuration souhaitée.The signals transmitted by the particles will therefore follow the same modifications. Thus, if the concentrations C follow a sinusoidal curve, the transmitted signals will have a sinusoidal profile. Of course, the concentrations C can be adjusted so that the transmitted signals have the desired configuration.
On a représenté sur la figure 5, un signal S sinusoïdal obtenu à partir de fibres métalliques ayant des concentrations croissantes puis décroissantes. Selon la distance moyenne d entre les différents domaines Di, D2, D3, D„, on peut régler le pas de la courbe du signal S.FIG. 5 shows a sinusoidal signal S obtained from metallic fibers having increasing then decreasing concentrations. Depending on the average distance d between the different domains Di, D 2 , D 3 , D „, the pitch of the curve of the signal S can be adjusted.
Sur la figure 6, on a représenté un dispositif permettant de réaliser le procédé de dépôt des particules. On a représenté τme machine à papier, forme ronde, mais on peut bien entendu utiliser le même procédé sur une table plate.In Figure 6, there is shown a device for carrying out the particle deposition process. We have shown τme paper machine, round shape, but we can of course use the same process on a flat table.
La machine forme ronde représentée en 13 est constituée d'un cylindre 14 formé d'une toile qui peut être embossée pour former un filigrane dans le papier. Le cylindre 14 tourne dans une suspension aqueuse de fibres de cellulose, éventuellement des fibres synthétiques et autres additifs connus. Les fibres viennent se déposer sur le cylindre 14 pour former un jet 15 de papier. Selon l'invention, on dispose un tube 16, flexible ou rigide dont l'extrémité 17 est placée juste à l'endroit où le jet 15 commence à se former. On introduit par ce tube 16 des particules dont le débit est régulé de façon que la concentration des particules parvenant à l'extrémité 17 du tube 16 soit réglée. De préférence, les particules sont déposées à l'endroit où le jet de papier est à demi-formé.The round machine shown in 13 consists of a cylinder 14 formed of a canvas which can be embossed to form a watermark in the paper. The cylinder 14 rotates in an aqueous suspension of cellulose fibers, possibly synthetic fibers and other known additives. The fibers are deposited on the cylinder 14 to form a jet 15 of paper. According to the invention, there is a tube 16, flexible or rigid, the end 17 of which is placed just where the jet 15 begins to form. Particles are introduced through this tube 16, the flow rate of which is regulated so that the concentration of particles reaching the end 17 of the tube 16 is regulated. Preferably, the particles are deposited at the place where the paper jet is half-formed.
On règle par exemple le débit des particules au moyen d'une vanne 18. Selon que le débit est plus ou moins fort, les particules se déposent en une concentration plus ou moins élevée. Les particules peuvent être amenées au moyen d'un fluide tel que de l'air comprimé où de l'eau.The flow rate of the particles is adjusted for example by means of a valve 18. Depending on whether the flow rate is greater or less, the particles are deposited in a higher or lower concentration. The particles can be brought in by means of a fluid such as compressed air or water.
Lorsque les particules sont déposées sur le jet à demi-formé ou en formation, le jet continue à se former du fait de la rotation du cylindre 14 et est relevé au moyen d'une toile leveuse représentée en 19, pour ensuite aller vers une sécherie ou tout autre traitement postérieur du jet de papier.When the particles are deposited on the half-formed or forming jet, the jet continues to form due to the rotation of the cylinder 14 and is lifted by means of a lifting cloth shown in 19, then to go to a dryer or any other subsequent treatment of the paper throw.
On peut prévoir toute une série 16a, 16b, 16c de tubes 16 dont les extrémités sont placées au voisinage de la toile du cylindre, comme représenté en figure 7. Les extrémités 17a, 17b, 17c des tubes sont placées au dessus de la toile du cylindre, sans toucher celle-ci.A whole series 16a, 16b, 16c of tubes 16 can be provided, the ends of which are placed in the vicinity of the canvas of the cylinder, as shown in FIG. 7. The ends 17a, 17b, 17c of the tubes are placed above the canvas of the cylinder, without touching the latter.
La distance entre les extrémités 17a, 17b, 17c des tubes et la surface de la toile 14 est réglée de façon que les particules viennent se placer à l'intérieur du jet 15, en formation.The distance between the ends 17a, 17b, 17c of the tubes and the surface of the fabric 14 is adjusted so that the particles are placed inside the jet 15, in formation.
On peut prévoir différents débits de particules dans les tubes. De même, on peut prévoir des distances différentes entre les tubes de façon à moduler les concentrations des particules et la situation des domaines Di, D2, D3 les uns par rapport aux autres. We can provide different flow rates of particles in the tubes. Likewise, different distances can be provided between the tubes so as to modulate the concentrations of the particles and the situation of the domains Di, D 2 , D 3 relative to each other.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Papier comportant des éléments de sécurité sous forme de particules, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est constitué d'au moins un jet, les particules (12) étant disposées dans l'épaisseur du jet à des concentrations C variables déterminées.1. Paper comprising security elements in the form of particles, characterized in that it consists of at least one jet, the particles (12) being arranged in the thickness of the jet at determined variable concentrations C.
2. Papier selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les particules (12) sont disposées dans les domaines Dj, D2, D , D„ distincts, la concentration moyenne des particules Ci, C2, C3, Cn dans chaque domaine étant déterminée.2. Paper according to claim 1, characterized in that the particles (12) are arranged in the areas Dj, D 2 , D, D „distinct, the average concentration of the particles Ci, C 2 , C 3 , C n in each area being determined.
3. Papier selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que les domaines Di, D2, D3, Dn sont distants les uns des autres, leur distance d étant déterminée.3. Paper according to claim 2, characterized in that the domains Di, D 2 , D 3 , D n are distant from each other, their distance d being determined.
4. Papier selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les concentrations moyennes Ci, C2, C3, C„ sont réparties selon une courbe.4. Paper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the average concentrations Ci, C 2 , C 3 , C „are distributed along a curve.
5. Papier selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les concentrations moyennes Ci, C2, C3, C„ sont réparties selon une sinusoïde.5. Paper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the average concentrations Ci, C 2 , C 3 , C „are distributed according to a sinusoid.
6. Papier selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments de sécurité émettent des signaux physiques détectables, notamment optiques, magnétiques, électriques.6. Paper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the security elements emit detectable physical signals, in particular optical, magnetic, electrical.
7. Papier selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments de sécurité sont des fibres métalliques.7. Paper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the security elements are metallic fibers.
8. Procédé de fabrication d'un papier selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, consistant à former dans une machine à papier un jet (15) sur la toile (14) de la machine à partir d'une suspension aqueuse contenant au moins des fibres cellulosiques, puis à sécher, caractérisé par le fait qu'on introduit des éléments de sécurité (12) lorsqu'une partie du jet (15) est formée sur la toile. 8. A method of manufacturing a paper according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising forming in a paper machine a jet (15) on the fabric (14) of the machine from an aqueous suspension containing at least cellulosic fibers, then to dry, characterized in that security elements (12) are introduced when part of the jet (15) is formed on the fabric.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait qu'on introduit les éléments de sécurité (12) lorsque le jet (15) est formé à moitié.9. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that one introduces the security elements (12) when the jet (15) is formed in half.
10. Procédé selon les revendications 8 ou 9, caractérisé par le fait qu'on introduit les éléments de sécurité ( 12) au moyen d'un fluide, le débit du fluide étant réglé. 10. Method according to claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the security elements (12) are introduced by means of a fluid, the flow rate of the fluid being adjusted.
PCT/FR1995/001405 1994-11-03 1995-10-24 Paper containing variable controlled concentrations of security elements, and method for making same WO1996014469A1 (en)

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DE19581817T DE19581817B4 (en) 1994-11-03 1995-10-24 Paper containing variable, controlled levels of safety elements, and methods for its preparation
GB9707858A GB2309710B (en) 1994-11-03 1995-10-24 Paper comprising variable and controlled concentrations of security elements and its process of manufacture
BR9509557A BR9509557A (en) 1994-11-03 1995-10-24 Paper comprising controlled variable concentrations of security elements and their manufacturing process

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FR94/13115 1994-11-03
FR9413115A FR2726586B1 (en) 1994-11-03 1994-11-03 PAPER COMPRISING VARIABLE CONCENTRATIONS, CONTROLLED SECURITY ELEMENTS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

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FR2901286A1 (en) * 2006-05-19 2007-11-23 Arjowiggins Soc Par Actions Si METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SHEET MATERIAL COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE FIBROUS LAYER AND SECURITY AND / OR DECORATIVE ELEMENTS

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DE19836503B4 (en) * 1998-08-12 2007-09-20 WHD elektronische Prüftechnik GmbH Method for producing a security feature
DE19843062A1 (en) 1998-09-19 2000-03-23 Meto International Gmbh Process for the production of security elements for electronic article security
DE19928060A1 (en) * 1999-06-15 2000-12-21 Whd Elektron Prueftech Gmbh Optically variable security feature and process for its manufacture
DE19962790A1 (en) 1999-12-23 2001-06-28 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Security paper, for secure documents, comprises veining fibers with differing luminescent properties to discourage document forgery, and is coded according to their disposition
DE10111848A1 (en) * 2001-03-01 2002-09-12 Whd Elektron Prueftech Gmbh security features
CH696744A5 (en) * 2003-07-07 2007-11-15 Landqart Security paper and method for its production.
SI1740647T1 (en) * 2004-04-29 2008-06-30 Bekaert Sa Nv Integrating security particles in value documents or value products
GB2531584B (en) * 2014-10-23 2019-07-10 Portals De La Rue Ltd Improvements in security papers and documents

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ES2138892B1 (en) 2000-08-16
FR2726586B1 (en) 1996-12-06
NL1001577C2 (en) 1997-06-10
GB9707858D0 (en) 1997-06-04
NL1001577A1 (en) 1996-05-03
DE19581817T1 (en) 1997-10-16
DE19581817B4 (en) 2007-09-27
IT1281007B1 (en) 1998-02-11
GB2309710A (en) 1997-08-06
ITTO950879A0 (en) 1995-11-02
FR2726586A1 (en) 1996-05-10
ITTO950879A1 (en) 1997-05-02
BR9509557A (en) 1997-09-16
ES2138892A1 (en) 2000-01-16
GB2309710B (en) 1998-07-22

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