Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
  • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
  • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
  • E01B9/28—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members
  • E01B9/30—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips
  • E01B9/303—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips the clip being a shaped bar
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
  • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
  • E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
  • E01B9/685—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by their shape
  • E01B9/686—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by their shape with textured surface
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
  • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
  • E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
  • E01B9/685—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by their shape

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for fixing a railroad rail on a sleeper.
• devices of this type include in particular on the one hand, a flexible support sole placed on the support table of the cross member and on which the base of the rail rests and, on the other hand, lateral fasteners formed springs in the form of a loop, retained in abutment on the rail by engagement of one of its branches in an insert anchored in the cross-member.
• the fastener exerts on the rail an effort directed downwards and on the insert an effort directed upwards.
• the elastic deformation of the fastener being a direct function of the positioning of the insert in the cross member, we can see that a variation in this positioning during the manufacture of the cross members will cause undesired variations in the bearing force on the rail.
• the presence of an insert anchored in the cross member complicates the design of the cross member and can weaken the latter, in particular with respect to lateral forces in curves of small radius.
• the present invention aims to solve these technical problems satisfactorily.
• This object is achieved according to the invention by means of a device for fixing a railway rail to a cross member, comprising in particular a flexible support sole and lateral fasteners made up of loops, characterized in that said cross member comprises a longitudinal cavity in which the support sole is housed and in that said lateral fasteners are made up of springs comprising at least one helical loop intended to be pressed under tension by elastic deformation and locking of at least one section in abutment retained against the internal edges of said cavity and resting on the base of the rail.
• the helical loop possibly includes several turns.
• This design allows the production of very flexible attachment springs capable of cooperating with support soles of very low stiffness of the order of 20 kN / mm.
• the attachment spring comprises a helical loop and two end sections, one of which is supported on the base of the rail and the other is supported on the internal wall of the cavity.
• the attachment spring is symmetrical with respect to an axis transverse to the rail and comprises two helical loops separated by a connecting section intended to extend at least partially in bearing contact both against the internal edges of said cavity and on the base of the rail.
• the connecting section can be straight or curved and is optionally connected to the helical loops by two elbows matching the edge of the base of the rail.
• the upper part of the internal edges of said cavity is provided with a bulge projecting towards the inside of the mouth so as to define a lower locking bearing face for the end sections or the connection section of the springs.
• the profile of the lower bearing face of the bulge matches that of the end section or the connecting section to allow a snap-fastening of the latter.
• said cavity has inclined internal edges so as to form a narrowed mouth, the width of which is slightly greater than that of the base of the rail.
• the upper part of the internal edges of said cavity protrudes above the level of the upper face of the crosspiece.
• the internal face of said cavity is integral with a lining made up of a preferably metallic saddle and / or a layer of electrically insulating material; this layer can cover either the outer wall of the saddle or the inner wall of the cavity or saddle or any other combination; applied to the external wall of the saddle, it will guarantee good adhesion with the concrete and consequently, a satisfactory grip with the crosspiece.
• the material will be chosen according to its friction characteristics.
• a first possibility consists in making said springs in a loop with a rod of circular or quadrilateral section.
• Another possibility consists in making said springs in a loop with a blade of parallelepipedic section, from flat steel strip.
• the result of the support forces of the springs on the base of the rail is inclined at an angle between 20 * and 60 * relative to the vertical.
• this result of the forces is collected by the inclined internal face of the cavity.
• Another object of the invention is a method of mounting a rail fixing device of the preceding type, characterized in that the stiffness, geometry and dimensions of the springs are chosen beforehand mainly as a function of the thickness and the flexibility of the support sole so as to obtain support for the fasteners on the base of the rail according to a result inclined with respect to the vertical by an angle between 20 * and 60 * by tensioning and locking the springs in said cavity.
• the device of the invention is symmetrical with respect to the median transverse axis of the rail and therefore has better efficiency. Furthermore, the mounting of the fasteners is very easy and eliminates the presence of an additional part such as an insert.
• the bearing force on the rail obtained by elastic deformation of the attachment spring depends only on the geometry of the cavity and is therefore independent of the positioning accuracy of this cavity relative to the cross-member; this ensuring excellent consistency of the support force.
• the longitudinal cavity intended for housing the rail and for locking the fasteners can be produced as soon as the crossmember is manufactured.
• the cavity is provided with a lining comprising a metal saddle, the specific geometry of the cavity guarantees reliable anchoring of the support table in the cross-member.
• FIG. la and lb show side views in partial longitudinal section along lines la and lb of the device of the invention respectively according to two embodiments;
• - Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the device of the invention according to line II— II; the left part corresponding to the embodiment of Figure la and the right part to that of Figure lb;
• - Figure 3 shows a half-view in vertical section of a second embodiment of the invention;
• FIG. 4 shows a half-view in vertical section of a third embodiment with the fastener before mounting
• FIG. 5 shows a half-view in vertical section of the embodiment of Figure 4 with the fastener in the mounted position
• FIG. 8 shows a sectional view of yet another embodiment of the invention.
• FIGS. 1a and 1b in side view, is intended for fixing the rail R on a cross-member T generally made of concrete by means of loop fasteners 1.
• the cross-member T comprises a longitudinal cavity 2 in which is housed the flexible support sole 3 of the base of the rail R.
• the cavity 2 is formed over the entire width of the cross-member T.
• the flexibility and the thickness of the sole 3 are determined so that the depression in the passage of the rolling loads creates a clearance allowing the possible rotation of the rail in particular in the curves. This rotation is however advantageously limited thanks to the reestablishment of a contact of the end section 12 or of the connecting section 11 with the internal wall of the cavity 2.
• the lateral fasteners consist of springs 1, preferably metallic, comprising at least one helical loop 10 with one or more turns 100.
• the loops 10 are deformed elastically to create the bearing force on the base of the rail R. This support is achieved by tensioning the loops 10 and is maintained by locking the end sections 12 in retaining stop against the internal edges 20 of the cavity 2.
• the tendency of the loop to relax produces a forced support of at least minus one section against edge B of the rail.
• the quality of the contact between the end sections 11 and the internal edges 20 of the cavity 2 is improved by integrally covering the walls and in particular the internal edges 20 with a lining 21 consisting of a preferably metallic saddle and / or a layer of a suitable material having good electrical insulation properties.
• This layer can coat either the outer wall of the saddle or the inner wall of the cavity 2 or of the metal saddle or any other combination. Applied to the external wall of the saddle (see Figure 8), it will guarantee, thanks to good adhesion properties, a satisfactory bonding connection with the concrete of the cross-member T while applied to the internal wall of the cavity or saddle, it will participate in friction phenomena.
• the attachment springs 1 are symmetrical with respect to an axis transverse to the rail and comprise two helical loops 10 separated by a connecting section 11 intended to extend at least partially in bearing contact with the internal edges 20 of the wall of the cavity 2 or of the lining 21.
• the connecting section 11 can be rectilinear as shown in FIGS. 1b and 2 (right part) by matching the lateral edge B of the base of the rail R.
• the connecting section 11 is connected to the helical loops 10 by two elbows 110 which, in the absence of rolling loads, are in contact with the internal edges 20.
• the connecting section 11 forms thus a spacer for wedging the rail by contact with the internal edges 20 and the flange B of the rail R.
• the end section 12 is rectilinear and extends in contact with the internal edges 20 over its whole long ur. In this position, the end section is without contact with the rail in its mounting position.
• the connecting section 11 can also be curved as shown in FIGS. 1a and 2 (left part). In this case, the connecting section 11 is spaced from the edge B of the rail R but makes contact over its entire length with the internal edges 20 of the cavity 2; the end section 12, for its part, is curved so as to fit in contact with support the edge B of the rail R.
• This bearing force is exerted on the rail via the bent parts of the end sections 12 (FIG. 1a) or via the elbows 110 of the connecting section 11 (FIG. 1b); this support effort on the rail is balanced by a reaction force of the connecting section 11 or the end sections 12 on the internal edges 20.
• the cavity 2 has internal edges 20 inclined so as to form a narrowed mouth, the width of which is slightly greater than that of the base of the rail R, which makes it possible to position the rail on the sole 3 with good precision.
• the upper part of the internal edges 20 of the cavity 2 is provided with a bulge 22.
• This bulge projects towards the inside of the mouth so as to define a lower bearing face
• the end sections 12a, 12b snap into the cavity 2 between the flange B of the rail R and the bulge 22 and thus remain in retaining abutment against the lower bearing face 22a whose profile matches that of the end sections.
• FIG. 4 represents a fastening spring 1 before mounting in the cavity 2.
• the loop is here produced with a square quadrilateral section.
• the connecting section 11 rests on the upper part of the internal edges 20 of the cavity 2 while the end section 12 rests on the flange B of the base of the rail R.
• the upper part of the internal edges 20 has an inclined face 23 extending up to the bulge 22 which can protrude above the level of the upper face of the cross-member.
• the inclined face 23 ensures the sliding contact of the connecting section 11 of the spring 1 by pressing on the loop 10 in the direction F towards the inside of the cavity 2 until it comes to lock by snap-fastening under the bulge 22 in contact with the lower support face 22a.
• the end section 12 slides on the base of the rail R towards the interior of the cavity 2 in order to come to lock in abutment between the internal edges 20 and the flange B of said base as shown in FIG. 5.
• FIG. 6 shows another embodiment in which the upper part of the internal edges 20 has a rounded edge 24 overhanging a hollow housing 25 intended to receive the connecting section 11 for locking it by snap-fastening after sliding and elastic deformation in contact with the ledge 24.
• Figure 7 is to be compared to Figure 4 and shows yet another embodiment in which the end section 12 is locked by first undergoing an elastic deformation in contact with the inclined face 23 located at the upper part of the edges internal 20 then by snap-fastening under the bulge 22 in contact with the lower support face 22a.
• FIG. 8 represents yet another embodiment of the invention in which the helical loop 10 is metric and has a first end section 12a bearing on the base of the rail R by marrying its rim B and a second section d end 12b resting against the internal edge 20 of the cavity 2.
• the loop 10 is produced from strip steel and the layer of electrically insulating material is applied to the external wall of the garnish
• the direction of the result of the support forces of the loops 10 of the springs 1 on the base of the rail R is inclined by an angle ⁇ of between 20 * and 60 * relative to the vertical.
• the rail fixing device is assembled by choosing beforehand the stiffness, the geometry and the dimensions of the fastening springs 1 in a loop 10 mainly as a function of the thickness and flexibility of the support sole 3 so as to obtain a bearing force of the springs on the base of the rail R, directed according to a result inclined at an angle ⁇ relative to the vertical by tensioning and locking the loops 10 in the cavity 2.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Railway Tracks (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9465653

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (1)

Citations (6)

• 1994
  • 1994-07-22 FR FR9409090A patent/FR2722807B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1995
  • 1995-07-21 CA CA002195643A patent/CA2195643A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1995-07-21 WO PCT/FR1995/000983 patent/WO1996003547A1/fr active Application Filing
• 1997
  • 1997-01-16 NO NO970189A patent/NO970189L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-01-20 SE SE9700137A patent/SE9700137L/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-01-22 FI FI970255A patent/FI970255A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (6)

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