WO1995033877A1 - Fine knitted fabric which can be disposed of in an environmentally non-damaging way - Google Patents
Fine knitted fabric which can be disposed of in an environmentally non-damaging way Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995033877A1 WO1995033877A1 PCT/EP1995/002108 EP9502108W WO9533877A1 WO 1995033877 A1 WO1995033877 A1 WO 1995033877A1 EP 9502108 W EP9502108 W EP 9502108W WO 9533877 A1 WO9533877 A1 WO 9533877A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fine
- knitted fabric
- water
- fine knitted
- temperatures
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
- D04B1/16—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials synthetic threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/02—Moisture-responsive characteristics
- D10B2401/024—Moisture-responsive characteristics soluble
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/12—Physical properties biodegradable
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fine knit for the production of clothing, which can be disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner.
- fine knitwear for garments has been made in many cases from non-rotting polyamide which is insoluble in water up to high temperatures.
- Polyamides of the current application forms are not harmful to the environment, but they are also not easily biodegradable and accordingly belong to the residual waste, which usually has to be incinerated or landfilled.
- Such fine knitted fabrics can be washed repeatedly and can be worn many times, worn or damaged clothing items create an additional amount of residual waste, which should be avoided or at least reduced in the course of increased environmental awareness among the population.
- the object of the present invention is to maintain a fine knit while maintaining the positive properties of polyamide in this regard.
- this object is achieved by a fine knit according to claim 1.
- Advantageous embodiments of this fine knit are specified in the dependent claims. If you use a material for the production of a fine knit that is dimensionally stable at temperatures below 95 ° C and insoluble in aqueous solution, even in slightly basic or acidic aqueous solution, then this material fulfills the primary requirements for the production of garments of human skin. Of course, this material must not be attacked by sweat and / or personal care products, so that it should be stable in the temperature range up to 45 ° C even at pH values of 6 to 8, especially even from 4 to 10 in aqueous solution.
- the material In order to be suitable for the production of a fine knit for garments, however, the material must be able to be textured in order to achieve sufficient elasticity and to ensure the fit of garments. Threads are usually textured by treating them in a false twister at high temperature, which gives them a certain surface roughness and elasticity.
- another property of the material namely its complete solubility in water, e.g. B. at temperatures above 95 ° C, preferably above 110 ° C, in particular between 110 ° C and 150 ° C. This property makes it possible to dissolve a worn or damaged fine knit in hot water and dispose of it with the waste water. This can be done, for example, in a pressure vessel in which large quantities of fine knitted fabrics can be disposed of relatively inexpensively.
- thermodegradable and water-soluble threads have led in particular to biodegradable and water-soluble threads, although there is now a very wide range of variation with regard to the temperatures at which water solubility occurs.
- hot-melt adhesive fibers e.g. B. polyamides or materials known as alginates, which are produced from naturally occurring precursors.
- Other synthetically manufactured products with the desired properties are also available (see e.g. lecture at the 32nd international conference on chemical fibers ... in Dornbirn / A, September 22-24, 1993, "Manufacture, properties and applications of hot melt adhesive fibers "by Dr. V.
Abstract
The disclosure relates to a fine knitted fabric for the production of articles of clothing such as stockings and fine tights which can be disposed of in an environmentally non-damaging way. It consists of textured threads of a water-soluble material which has the following characteristics: it is dimensionally stable at temperatures below 95 °C; at temperatures below 45 °C, preferably below 95 °C, it is insoluble in slightly basic or acidic aqueous solutions with pH values of 6-8, in particular 4-10; it is completely soluble in water at temperatures of, for example, above 95 °C, preferably above 110 °C and in particular between 110 and 150 °C; it can be textured at temperatures of above 95 °C, preferably above 110 °C, in particular between 110 and 150 °C. The material dissolved in water, e.g. a co-polyamide or alginate, can be completely dissolved, for example in a pressure vessel, and is completely biodegradable and non-detrimental to water. Despite its high solubility, it can be given a durable texture to the degree required for fine knitted articles, e.g. at 120 °C, and can be dyed, for example at 80 °C.
Description
BESCHREIBUNG DESCRIPTION
Umweltfreundlich entsorgbares FeingestrickEnvironmentally disposable fine knit
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Feingestrick zur Herstellung von Bekleidungsstücken, welches sich umweltfreundlich entsorgen läßt. Bisher werden Feingestrick für Bekleidungsstücke in vielen Fällen aus nicht verrottbarem und bis zu hohen Temperaturen in Wasser unlöslichem Polyamid hergestellt, so z. B. für Damenstrümpfe, Feinstrumpfhosen und ähnliche Bekleidungsstücke, welche zumindest teilweise auf der mensch¬ lichen Haut getragen werden. Polyamide der heutigen Anwendungsformen sind zwar für die Umwelt nicht schädlich, jedoch sind sie auch nicht leicht natürlich abbaubar und gehören dementsprechend zum Restmüll, welcher üblicherweise verbrannt oder deponiert werden muß. Obwohl solche Feingestricke wiederholt waschbar sind und vielfach getragen wer¬ den können, entsteht doch durch abgetragene oder beschädigte Beklei¬ dungsstücke ein zusätzliches Aufkommen an Restmüll, welches im Zuge des gestiegenen Umweltbewußtseins bei der Bevölkerung vermieden oder zumindest verringert werden sollte.The present invention relates to a fine knit for the production of clothing, which can be disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner. So far, fine knitwear for garments has been made in many cases from non-rotting polyamide which is insoluble in water up to high temperatures. B. for stockings, tights and similar items of clothing, which are at least partially worn on the human skin. Polyamides of the current application forms are not harmful to the environment, but they are also not easily biodegradable and accordingly belong to the residual waste, which usually has to be incinerated or landfilled. Although such fine knitted fabrics can be washed repeatedly and can be worn many times, worn or damaged clothing items create an additional amount of residual waste, which should be avoided or at least reduced in the course of increased environmental awareness among the population.
Bisher sind Gesichtspunkte der Entsorgung bei Feingestricken weniger in den Vordergrund getreten als die anderen qualitativen Eigenschaften wie Haltbarkeit, Waschbarkeit, Hautfreundlichkeit, Elastizität, optisches Er¬ scheinungsbild, Färbbarkeit, Paßform usw.So far, aspects of fine knitwear disposal have come less to the fore than the other qualitative properties such as durability, washability, skin friendliness, elasticity, visual appearance, dyeability, fit, etc.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, bei Beibehaltung der in dieser Hinsicht positiven Eigenschaften von Polyamid ein Feingestrick zur
Herstellung von Bekleidungsstücken zu schaffen, welches sich umwelt¬ freundlich entsorgen läßt, insbesondere durch Auflösung in Wasser.The object of the present invention is to maintain a fine knit while maintaining the positive properties of polyamide in this regard To create the production of clothing, which can be disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner, in particular by dissolving in water.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Feingestrick gemäß dem Anspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen dieses Feingewstricks sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben. Wenn man zur Herstellung eines Feingestricks ein Material verwendet, welches zwar bei Temperaturen unter 95°C formstabil und in wässriger Lösung, auch in leicht basischer oder saurer wässriger Lösung unlöslich ist, so erfüllt dieses Material die primären Voraussetzungen für die Herstellung von Bekleidungsstücken, die mit der menschlichen Haut in Berührung kommen. Selbstverständlich darf dieses Material auch durch Schweiß und/oder Körperpflegemittel nicht angegriffen werden, so daß es im Temperaturbereich bis z.b. 45° C auch bei ph-Werten von 6 bis 8, insbesondere sogar von 4 bis 10 in wässriger Lösung stabil sein sollte. Um zur Herstellung eines Feinge¬ stricks für Bekleidungsstücke geeignet zu sein, muß sich das Material allerdings texturieren lassen um eine genügende Elastizität zu erreichen und die Paßform von Kleidungsstücken zu gewährleisten. Üblicherweise werden Fäden dadurch texturiert, daß sie in einem Falschdrallgeber bei hoher Temperatur behandelt werden, wodurch sie eine gewisse Ober¬ flächenrauhigkeit und Elastizität erhalten. Entscheidend schließlich für die Möglichkeit einer umweltfreundlichen Entsorgung ist eine weitere Eigen¬ schaft des Materials, nämlich seine vollständige Löslichkeit in Wasser, z. B. bei Temperaturen oberhalb von 95°C, vorzugsweise über 110°C, ins- besondere zwischen 110°C und 150°C. Diese Eigenschaft macht es mög¬ lich, ein abgetragenes oder beschädigtes Feingestrick in heißem Wasser aufzulösen und mit dem Abwasser zu entsorgen. Dies kann beispielsweise in einem Druckkessel erfolgen, in dem gesammelte Feingestricke in großen Mengen relativ kostengünstig entsorgt werden können.
Zusätzlich ist es natürlich wichtig, daß das in Wasser gelöste Material biologisch abbaubar und unschädlich für Kläranlagen und Gewässer ist, so daß eine tatsächliche Entlastung der Umwelt und eine Verringerung des Entsorgungsproblems eintritt und nicht nur eine Verschiebung von der Deponie bzw. Verbrennung ins Abwasser.This object is achieved by a fine knit according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of this fine knit are specified in the dependent claims. If you use a material for the production of a fine knit that is dimensionally stable at temperatures below 95 ° C and insoluble in aqueous solution, even in slightly basic or acidic aqueous solution, then this material fulfills the primary requirements for the production of garments of human skin. Of course, this material must not be attacked by sweat and / or personal care products, so that it should be stable in the temperature range up to 45 ° C even at pH values of 6 to 8, especially even from 4 to 10 in aqueous solution. In order to be suitable for the production of a fine knit for garments, however, the material must be able to be textured in order to achieve sufficient elasticity and to ensure the fit of garments. Threads are usually textured by treating them in a false twister at high temperature, which gives them a certain surface roughness and elasticity. Finally, another property of the material, namely its complete solubility in water, e.g. B. at temperatures above 95 ° C, preferably above 110 ° C, in particular between 110 ° C and 150 ° C. This property makes it possible to dissolve a worn or damaged fine knit in hot water and dispose of it with the waste water. This can be done, for example, in a pressure vessel in which large quantities of fine knitted fabrics can be disposed of relatively inexpensively. In addition, it is of course important that the material dissolved in water is biodegradable and harmless to sewage treatment plants and water bodies, so that there is an actual relief for the environment and a reduction in the disposal problem and not just a shift from the landfill or incineration into the waste water.
Die neuere Entwicklung von Fasermaterialien und Fäden hat insbesonde¬ re zu biologisch abbaubaren und wasserlöslichen Fäden geführt, wobei inzwischen eine recht große Variationsbreite bezüglich der Temperaturen, bei denen die Wasserlöslichkeit eintritt, zur Verfügung steht. Hervor¬ zuheben sind besonders neu entwickelte Schmelzklebefasern, z. B. Polya¬ mide oder auch als Alginate bekannte Materialien, welche aus natürlich vorkommenden Vorprodukten hergestellt werden. Auch andere synthetisch hergestellte Produkte mit den gewünschten Eigenschaften stehen zur Verfügung (siehe z. B. Vortrag auf der 32. internationalen Chemiefas¬ ertagung ... in Dornbirn/A, 22.-24.09.1993, "Herstellung, Eigenschaften und Anwendungen von Schmelzklebefasern" von Dr. V. Baron, Ems-Chemie AG, Domat/Ems, Schweiz und Bekleidungstechnik 20, Artikel "Thermo¬ plastische Garne in der Bekleidungsindustrie" von A. H. Magloth, Heer- brugg). Allerdings wurden solche Materialien bisher nur für Kleidungs¬ stücke und Wäsche in Betracht gezogen, in denen sie als untexturierte Materialien verwendet werden konnten. Dies ist beispielsweise in der DE 42 19 686 AI beschrieben. Die Wasserlöslichkeit und Texturierbarkeit wurden als widersprüchliche und nicht gleichzeitig erreichbare Eigen- schatten angesehen. Wichtig ist tatsächlich, daß aus der Vielzahl der bekannten Materialien gerade ein solches ausgewählt wird, welches im täglichen Gebrauch als Kleidungsstück und bei dessen üblicher Waschtemperatur von z. B. 30°C ähnliche Eigenschaften wie bisher verwendete Polyamide hat, also insbesondere auch texturierbar und da- durch dauerelastisch ist, jedpch zusätzlich bei höheren Temperaturen in
Wasser ohne Rückstände lösbar ist, wobei das aufgelöste Material ins¬ besondere biologisch abbaubar und unschädlich für Kläranlagen und Gewässer sein soll. Ein weiteres Problem ist die Färbbarkeit solcher Feingestricke, die für Hygieneprodukte bisher keine wichtige Rolle spiel- te, da solche Produkte im allgemeinen ungefärbt eingesetzt werden. Überraschenderweise stellte sich bei Versuchen heraus, daß es Materia¬ lien gibt, die sich bei relativ niedrigen Temperaturen von z.B. etwa 120° C noch texturieren lassen, aber gleichzeitig bei solchen Temperaturen in Wasser schon rückstandsfrei auflösbar sind. Gleichzeitig ist ein Färben bei z.B. 80° C möglich. Auch die für die Verpackung und den Verkauf oft erforderliche Formung ist möglich, wenn nicht zu heißer Dampf eingesetzt wird. Die Erfindung schafft durch Verwendung solcher Materia¬ lien, insbesondere sogenannter Co-Polyamide, ein umweltfreundliches Pro¬ dukt, welches dazu beiträgt, das Aufkommen an nichtwiederverwertbarem Restmüll zu verringern.
The more recent development of fiber materials and threads has led in particular to biodegradable and water-soluble threads, although there is now a very wide range of variation with regard to the temperatures at which water solubility occurs. Particularly noteworthy are newly developed hot-melt adhesive fibers, e.g. B. polyamides or materials known as alginates, which are produced from naturally occurring precursors. Other synthetically manufactured products with the desired properties are also available (see e.g. lecture at the 32nd international conference on chemical fibers ... in Dornbirn / A, September 22-24, 1993, "Manufacture, properties and applications of hot melt adhesive fibers "by Dr. V. Baron, Ems-Chemie AG, Domat / Ems, Switzerland and clothing technology 20, article" Thermoplastic yarns in the clothing industry "by AH Magloth, Heerbrugg). However, such materials have hitherto only been considered for clothing and laundry in which they could be used as untextured materials. This is described for example in DE 42 19 686 AI. Water solubility and texturability were viewed as contradictory and unattainable properties. It is actually important that just one is selected from the multitude of known materials, which in daily use as a garment and at its usual washing temperature of z. B. 30 ° C has similar properties as previously used polyamides, in particular also texturable and therefore permanently elastic, but additionally at higher temperatures in Water can be dissolved without residues, the dissolved material being in particular biodegradable and harmless to sewage treatment plants and water bodies. Another problem is the dyeability of such fine knits, which has so far not played an important role for hygiene products, since such products are generally used without dye. Surprisingly, tests have shown that there are materials that can still be textured at relatively low temperatures of, for example, about 120 ° C., but at the same time can be dissolved in water at such temperatures without leaving any residue. At the same time dyeing at 80 ° C is possible. The shaping often required for packaging and sales is also possible if the steam is not too hot. By using such materials, in particular so-called copolyamides, the invention creates an environmentally friendly product which contributes to reducing the amount of non-recyclable residual waste.
Claims
1. Umweltfreundlich entsorgbares Feingestrick zur Herstellung von Bekleidungsstücken, bestehend aus texturierten Fäden eines in hei¬ ßem Wasser löslichen Materials mit folgenden Eigenschaften: das Material ist bei Temperaturen unter 95° C formstabil; das Material ist bei Temperaturen unter 95° C, vorzugsweise unter 45° C, unlöslich in leicht basischer oder saurer wässriger1. Environmentally friendly disposable fine knit for the production of clothing, consisting of textured threads of a material soluble in hot water with the following properties: the material is dimensionally stable at temperatures below 95 ° C; the material is insoluble in slightly basic or acidic aqueous at temperatures below 95 ° C., preferably below 45 ° C.
Lösung bei ph-Werten von 6 bis 8, insbesondere von 4 bis 10; das Material ist, z. B. bei Temperaturen oberhalb von 95° C, vorzugsweise über 110° C, insbesondere zwischen 110° und 150° C, in Wasser vollständig auflösbar; - das Material ist bei Temperaturen oberhalb von 95° C texturier- bar, vorzugsweise oberhalb von 110° C, insbesondere bei etwa 120° C.Solution at pH values from 6 to 8, in particular from 4 to 10; the material is e.g. B. at temperatures above 95 ° C, preferably above 110 ° C, especially between 110 ° and 150 ° C, completely soluble in water; - The material is texturable at temperatures above 95 ° C, preferably above 110 ° C, especially at about 120 ° C.
2. Feingestrick nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es aus natürlich vorkommenden Materialien hergestellt ist.2. Fine knitted fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made from naturally occurring materials.
3. Feingestrick nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es aus synthetisch hergestelltem Material besteht, insbesondere aus in hei¬ ßem Wasser löslichen Polyamiden oder aus ALGINAT.3. Fine knitted fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of synthetically produced material, in particular of polyamides soluble in hot water or of ALGINATE.
4. Feingestrick nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das in Wasser gelöste Material biologisch ab¬ baubar und unschädlich für Kläranlagen und Gewässer ist. 4. Fine knitted fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material dissolved in water is biodegradable and harmless to sewage treatment plants and bodies of water.
5. Feingestrick nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Feingestrick aus einem bei etwa 80° C färbbaren Polyamid, insbesondere einem Co-Polyamid, besteht.5. Fine knitted fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fine knitted fabric consists of a polyamide dyeable at about 80 ° C, in particular a co-polyamide.
6. Feingestrick nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Feingestrick ein Wäschestück zum Tragen auf der menschlichen Haut, insbesondere eine Damenfeinstrumpfhose oder ein Feinstrumpf ist.6. Fine knitted fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fine knitted fabric is a piece of laundry for wearing on human skin, in particular a women's fine tights or a fine stocking.
7. Feingestrick nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Feingestrick als Ersatz für typische aus Polyamid hergestellte eleastische Feingestricke dient. 7. Fine knitted fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fine knitted fabric serves as a replacement for typical elastic polyamide knitted fabrics made from polyamide.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU26739/95A AU2673995A (en) | 1994-06-06 | 1995-06-02 | Fine knitted fabric which can be disposed of in an environmentally non-damaging way |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4419715A DE4419715A1 (en) | 1994-06-06 | 1994-06-06 | Environmentally friendly, disposable fine knit |
DEP4419715.2 | 1994-06-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995033877A1 true WO1995033877A1 (en) | 1995-12-14 |
Family
ID=6519895
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1995/002108 WO1995033877A1 (en) | 1994-06-06 | 1995-06-02 | Fine knitted fabric which can be disposed of in an environmentally non-damaging way |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU2673995A (en) |
DE (1) | DE4419715A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995033877A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6803332B2 (en) * | 2001-04-10 | 2004-10-12 | World Fibers, Inc. | Composite yarn, intermediate fabric product and method of producing a metallic fabric |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10226313B4 (en) * | 2002-06-10 | 2006-02-16 | Weihermüller & Voigtmann GmbH & Co. KG | knitted |
US6854135B2 (en) | 2002-12-06 | 2005-02-15 | Microtek Medical Holdings, Inc. | Reusable, launderable water-soluble coveralls |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05179548A (en) * | 1991-11-29 | 1993-07-20 | Lion Corp | Water-disintegrable nonwoven fabric |
DE4219686A1 (en) * | 1991-04-10 | 1993-12-23 | Isolyser Co | Process for removing clothes and similar substances soluble in hot water |
-
1994
- 1994-06-06 DE DE4419715A patent/DE4419715A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1995
- 1995-06-02 WO PCT/EP1995/002108 patent/WO1995033877A1/en active Application Filing
- 1995-06-02 AU AU26739/95A patent/AU2673995A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4219686A1 (en) * | 1991-04-10 | 1993-12-23 | Isolyser Co | Process for removing clothes and similar substances soluble in hot water |
JPH05179548A (en) * | 1991-11-29 | 1993-07-20 | Lion Corp | Water-disintegrable nonwoven fabric |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DR. VIKTOR BARON: "Die Herstellung, Eigenschaften und Anwendungen von Schmelzkleberfasern.", TEXTIL PRAXIS INTERNATIONAL, pages 692 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 17, no. 597 (C - 1127) 2 November 1993 (1993-11-02) * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6803332B2 (en) * | 2001-04-10 | 2004-10-12 | World Fibers, Inc. | Composite yarn, intermediate fabric product and method of producing a metallic fabric |
US7000295B2 (en) * | 2001-04-10 | 2006-02-21 | World Fibers, Inc. | Composite yarn, intermediate fabric product and method of producing a metallic fabric |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2673995A (en) | 1996-01-04 |
DE4419715A1 (en) | 1995-12-07 |
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