WO1995017015A1 - Dispositif de pile solaire - Google Patents
Dispositif de pile solaire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995017015A1 WO1995017015A1 PCT/JP1994/002101 JP9402101W WO9517015A1 WO 1995017015 A1 WO1995017015 A1 WO 1995017015A1 JP 9402101 W JP9402101 W JP 9402101W WO 9517015 A1 WO9517015 A1 WO 9517015A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solar cell
- light
- front side
- layer
- cell device
- Prior art date
Links
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- -1 oxygen radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 20
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- CFNMUZCFSDMZPQ-GHXNOFRVSA-N 7-[(z)-3-methyl-4-(4-methyl-5-oxo-2h-furan-2-yl)but-2-enoxy]chromen-2-one Chemical compound C=1C=C2C=CC(=O)OC2=CC=1OC/C=C(/C)CC1OC(=O)C(C)=C1 CFNMUZCFSDMZPQ-GHXNOFRVSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Substances CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- SXAMGRAIZSSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NOC(=N1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 SXAMGRAIZSSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- JSQFXMIMWAKJQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [9-(2-carboxyphenyl)-6-(ethylamino)xanthen-3-ylidene]-diethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(NCC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O JSQFXMIMWAKJQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- ZXDDPOHVAMWLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZXDDPOHVAMWLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCRZWYDXIGCFKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylpropanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(C(O)=O)C(O)=O MCRZWYDXIGCFKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenamine Chemical compound NC=C UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YEYCMBWKTZNPDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) benzoate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YEYCMBWKTZNPDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XVGLIRDNPMKGBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-hydroxy-4-phenoxyphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C=1C=C(C(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(O)=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 XVGLIRDNPMKGBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JNQRGIQAGKVUOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-chlorophenyl)-(1h-pyrrol-2-yl)methanone Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(C(=O)C=2NC=CC=2)=C1 JNQRGIQAGKVUOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVKRXYSWLWWYED-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6-hydroxy-1-methoxycyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-yl)-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1C(C(=O)C2=C(C=C(C=C2)OC)O)(C=CC=C1)OC VVKRXYSWLWWYED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RMSGQZDGSZOJMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-2-phenylbenzene Chemical group CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 RMSGQZDGSZOJMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004203 4-hydroxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]OC1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 229920004943 Delrin® Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTMFYXWJGZEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC1C(C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2)(C=CC=C1)OC(CCC)CCCCCCCC Chemical compound OC1C(C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2)(C=CC=C1)OC(CCC)CCCCCCCC YKTMFYXWJGZEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Chemical class CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- GGAUUQHSCNMCAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O GGAUUQHSCNMCAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019646 color tone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005594 diketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JFHGLVIOIANSIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butanedioate;1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-ol Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(=O)OC.CC1(C)CC(O)CC(C)(C)N1CCO JFHGLVIOIANSIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OBJNZHVOCNPSCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphtho[2,3-f]quinazoline Chemical class C1=NC=C2C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=CC2=N1 OBJNZHVOCNPSCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000969 phenyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940116351 sebacate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sebacate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ATHGHQPFGPMSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N spermidine Chemical class NCCCCNCCCN ATHGHQPFGPMSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydropyridine hydrochloride Natural products C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZMBHCYHQLYEYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylphosphine oxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCP(=O)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC ZMBHCYHQLYEYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/055—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means where light is absorbed and re-emitted at a different wavelength by the optical element directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. by using luminescent material, fluorescent concentrators or up-conversion arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
- G04B19/06—Dials
- G04B19/12—Selection of materials for dials or graduations markings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
- G04C10/00—Arrangements of electric power supplies in time pieces
- G04C10/02—Arrangements of electric power supplies in time pieces the power supply being a radioactive or photovoltaic source
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar cell device using light as an energy source.
- Solar cells made of materials such as single-crystal silicon / polycrystalline silicon and amorphous silicon are used as energy sources to drive products such as watches, calculators, and radios.
- a white diffusion layer and a transparent fluorescent filter are sequentially laminated on the front surface of the solar cell, and the solar cell is shielded by the diffusion layer, and colored light is emitted to the outside by the action of the fluorescent filter.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a technical background, and it is necessary to supply sufficient light energy to a solar cell while preventing the solar cell from being visually recognized from the outside, and improving the appearance quality.
- the purpose is to realize excellent design versatility. Disclosure of the invention
- the solar cell device of the present invention employs the following configuration.
- the solar cell device of the present invention includes, on the front side of the solar cell, a diffusion transmission layer for diffusing light incident from the front side, and a predetermined wavelength of light incident from the front side on the diffusion transmission layer. It is configured to contain a luminous body that absorbs light and emits light.
- the light When light enters the solar cell device having the above configuration from the outside, the light is diffused by the diffusion transmitting layer, and light in a predetermined wavelength region is absorbed by the luminous body.
- the luminous body emits light, and a part of the light is diffused and reflected in the diffuse transmission layer, and similarly emitted to the outside together with the diffusely reflected incident light to make the appearance brighter.
- other light generated by the luminous body The part reaches the solar cell together with the diffusely transmitted incident light and contributes to power generation.
- the light-emitting body may have a structure containing one or both of a fluorescent material and a phosphorescent material, for example.
- the absorption wavelength band of the fluorescent material or the phosphorescent material is adjusted to the wavelength band of light that does not contribute to the power generation of the solar cell, and the wavelength band of the emitted light is adjusted to the wavelength band that contributes to the power generation of the solar cell,
- the light energy supplied to the solar cell can be increased by the light emitter.
- a general solar cell generates power using visible light, and therefore, a light emitter that absorbs ultraviolet light and generates visible light may be used.
- a luminous body layer made of the same material is provided at an arbitrary position on the front side of the solar cell. A similar effect can be obtained.
- oxygen radicals which are by-products of ultraviolet irradiation, react with the terminal groups of the fluorescent or phosphorescent material to inhibit light emission and promote yellowing deterioration of the material.
- the hindered amine light stabilizer has the property of absorbing light having a wavelength of 250 nm or less and transmitting light having a longer wavelength. In addition, it has the function of trapping and eliminating oxygen radicals in the added substance, so that the above problem can be solved.
- an ultraviolet shielding layer is provided on the front side of the diffusion transmitting layer containing the luminous body.
- the light-emitting body can be prevented from deteriorating by absorbing a part of the ultraviolet light incident from the outside by the ultraviolet light shielding layer.
- the present invention can also be configured such that a shielding layer for shielding light reflected by the solar cell is added to the front side of the solar cell.
- the shielding layer has a role of preventing the reflected light from being emitted to the outside, and by introducing this layer, the solar cell can be made invisible from the outside of the free layer.
- the shielding layer has a transmission anisotropy whose transmittance varies depending on the light incident direction, and the light transmission amount from the front side to the solar cell side is larger than the light transmission amount from the solar cell side to the front side. Can also be made larger.
- the shielding layer preferably has a transmittance of 60 to 96% for incident light from the front side.
- Such a shielding layer can be obtained, for example, by machining the front surface of a colorless and transparent plate member into a three-dimensional shape. .
- the configuration of the present invention it is possible to function as a solar cell but not to recognize its existence from outside, and to express various bright appearance colors with excellent appearance quality. As a result, the degree of freedom of the design is greatly expanded, and it becomes possible to apply it to multiple uses more than ever.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic external view for explaining Embodiment 1 in which the solar cell device of the present invention is applied to a wristwatch.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure on the front side of the solar cell in the cross section along the line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the spectral sensitivity of the solar cell made of the amorphous silicon used in Example 1.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic external view for explaining Embodiment 2 in which the solar cell device of the present invention is applied to an electronic desk calculator.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure on the front side of the solar cell in the cross section taken along the line BB in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic external view for explaining Embodiment 3 in which the solar cell device of the present invention is applied to a wristwatch.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure on the front side of the solar cell in a cross section taken along line C-C in FIG. '
- FIG. 8 is a schematic external view for explaining Embodiment 4 in which the solar cell device of the present invention is applied to an electronic desk calculator.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure on the front side of the solar cell in the cross section taken along line DD in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic external view for explaining Embodiment 5 in which the solar cell device of the present invention is applied to a wristwatch.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure on the front side of the solar cell in the cross section taken along line EE in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic external view for explaining Embodiment 6 in which the solar cell device of the present invention is applied to an electronic desk calculator.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure on the front side of the solar cell in the cross section taken along line FF in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic external view for explaining Embodiment 7 in which the solar cell device of the present invention is applied to a wristwatch.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure on the front side of the solar cell in the cross section taken along the line GG in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a solar cell device according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the relationship between the prism angle of the shielding layer used in Example 7 and the light transmittance.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a solar cell device according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a shielding layer used in Example 8.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the relationship between the prism angle of the shielding layer used in Example 8 and the light transmittance.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a solar cell device according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a solar cell device according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view for explaining Embodiment 1 in which the solar cell device of the present invention is applied to a wristwatch, in which a solar cell is installed in four parts inside a dial. It is shown.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure on the front side of the solar cell in the cross section taken along the line AA in FIG.
- a glass substrate 12 is fixed in the watch case 11.
- a solar cell 13 is formed by forming an amorphous silicon film by a plasma CVD method.
- a diffusion transmission layer 15 containing a phosphor 14 is provided on the front side of the glass substrate 12, and the diffusion transmission layer 15 is also used as a dial to provide a solar cell.
- a wristwatch is constructed.
- the phosphor 14 absorbs ultraviolet light and emits visible light, or absorbs visible light of wavelength 500 nm or less and emits visible light of wavelength 500 nm or more.
- Various types of fluorescent substances that emit light can be used.
- the phosphor 14 was 4,4'-diaminostyrben-2,2'-disulfonic acid derivative-based fluorescent whitening dye (emission center wavelength: 430 nm) and rhodamine. B (emission center wavelength: 580 nm) was used.
- the diffusion transmission layer 15 can be easily obtained by mixing calcium carbonate powder or the like in a transparent resin material or dispersing a light scattering substance in a transparent body. Increasing the content of the phosphor 14 in the diffusion transmission layer 15 increases both the amount of light absorbed and the amount of emitted fluorescence by the phosphor 14. However, if the content exceeds a certain level, the emitted fluorescence is absorbed by neighboring phosphor molecules, and the overall fluorescence emission decreases. This phenomenon is commonly known as concentration quenching.
- the limit concentration at which concentration quenching starts depends on the type of phosphor 14. It is preferable that phosphor 14 be contained in diffusion transmission layer 15 within a range in which this concentration quenching does not occur.
- Example 1 0.5 wt% of the above-described phosphor 14 was contained in a transparent methyl methacrylate resin. At this concentration, no concentration quenching occurs.
- the light transmittance of the diffusion transmission layer 15 can be arbitrarily controlled by its manufacturing method or the like.
- a sheet having a thickness of 0.5 mm was formed by mixing 2.0% by weight of calcium carbonate powder in a transparent methyl methacrylate resin.
- the diffusion transmission layer 15 containing the phosphor 14 formed as described above is superimposed on the solar cell 13, and the amount of light energy reaching the solar cell 13 located thereunder is measured by electromotive force characteristics. evaluated.
- the shielding effect and appearance quality of the solar cell 13 were also evaluated.
- a comparison was made with conventional technology for the case where the content of calcium carbonate in the methyl methacrylate resin was 2.0% by weight. Since the amount of light energy reaching the solar cell 13 varies depending on the fluorescent color emitted by the phosphor 14, the electromotive force characteristic of the solar cell 13 also changes, but the correlation with the shielding effect and appearance quality The same tendency was observed regardless of the fluorescent color.
- the configuration of the solar cell alone is the conventional example 1, and the configuration in which the light-absorbing absorption filter 1 is disposed on the front side of the solar cell is the comparative example 1-1 (white filter 1) and the comparative example 1-2 ( Comparative examples 1 to 3, in which a yellow filter and a coloring means layer (interference filter) including a diffusion transmission layer described in JP-A-5-29641 are arranged on the front side of the solar cell.
- a color diffusion layer (transparent fluorescent filter 1) including a white diffusion plate described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-148 172 was also evaluated as Comparative Examples 1 to 4. did.
- the diffusion transmission layer 15 does not contain the phosphor 14 It was found that the amount of light supplied to the battery 13 was smaller than that when the phosphor 14 was contained. This is because the solar cell 13 felt increased due to the wavelength conversion effect of the phosphor 14. That is, the result is that the light belonging to the low-sensitivity wavelength band of the solar cell 13 is converted into the light belonging to the high-sensitivity wavelength band of the solar cell 13 by the phosphor 14.
- the sensitizing effect of the solar cell is optimized according to the wavelength distribution of the incident light.
- the light of a 3-line fluorescent lamp which is a typical indoor illumination light, has strong output peaks at wavelengths of 44 O nm, 51 O nm, and 58 O nm, so that the sensitivity of the solar cell 13 is low.
- the sensitizing effect of 13 can be enhanced.
- Example 1 when light enters the diffusion transmission layer 15 containing the phosphor 14 from the outside, light having a wavelength in the absorption wavelength region of the phosphor 14 of the incident light is absorbed by the phosphor 14. The light is emitted from the phosphor 14 as longer-wavelength light.
- the phosphor 14 absorbs ultraviolet light having no light receiving sensitivity of the amorphous silicon solar cell 13 and emits visible light, Use a silicon solar cell 13 that absorbs visible light with a wavelength of 50 O nm or less where the photosensitivity of the solar cell 13 is low and emits visible light with a wavelength of 50 O nm or more where the photosensitivity of the solar cell 13 is high. are doing.
- FIG. 3 shows the spectral sensitivity of the amorphous silicon solar cell 13.
- the light having the wavelength absorbed by the phosphor 14 is converted into light having a wavelength that easily contributes to the power generation of the solar cell 13 and is incident on the solar cell 13.
- the decrease in the electromotive force characteristics of the solar cell 13 is smaller than in the case of using an absorption filter as in Comparative Examples 1-2.
- the quantum efficiency of the phosphor 14 is too low, the effect of sensitizing the solar cell 13 by the wavelength conversion of the phosphor 14 will not be exhibited. Therefore, the higher the quantum efficiency of the phosphor 14 is, the better.
- the light emitted from the phosphor 14 is also emitted to the front side (observer side) of the solar cell device, a clear bright fluorescent color can be shown to the observer.
- the fluorescent filter itself emitted from the transparent fluorescent filter 1 acts as a waveguide, and light is transmitted in the plane of the fluorescent filter and leaks out from the lateral end face. For this reason, the amount of fluorescence emitted to the solar cell side and the observer side is small, which leads to deterioration of electromotive force characteristics and appearance quality.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic external view for explaining a second embodiment in which the solar cell device of the present invention is applied to an electronic desk calculator.
- the solar cell device is arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the display section 21. It is set up.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure on the front side of the solar cell in the cross section taken along the line BB in FIG.
- Example 2 the display unit 21 and the solar cell 22 were fixed to the opening of the frame 23 of the electronic desk calculator from the inside. Then, a phosphor layer 24 and a diffusion transmission layer 25 were laminated on the solar cell 22 to form a solar cell device. Specifically, a methyl methacrylate resin mixed with calcium carbonate powder at 2.0% by weight was molded to a thickness of 0.5 mm to form a diffusion transmission layer 25 in the same manner as in Example 1. The above configuration was obtained by applying about 5 m of a coumarin derivative fluorescent whitening dye as the phosphor layer 24 on the back surface (the solar cell side surface) of 25. The fluorescent whitening dye layer is fixed with a binder that does not have transparency.
- the phosphor layer 24 is formed on the front side of the
- Example 2 when the phosphor layer 24 has transparency, the lateral propagation of the fluorescent light occurs in the self-layer and enters the solar cell 22 as in Comparative Examples 1 to 4 described above. The amount of fluorescence is significantly reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to apply the phosphor layer 24 that does not have transparency.
- Example 2 the usable range as a solar cell device was examined by changing the total light transmittance of the diffusion transmission layer 25 and the phosphor layer 2.4.
- the sample was prepared by mixing calcium carbonate powder as a diffusion-permeability-imparting material in a transparent methyl methacrylate resin to form a diffusion-permeable layer 25, on one side of which a fluorescent whitening dye of a coumarin derivative was added. After mixing the binder and acetone in a weight ratio of 1: 1: 10, a phosphor layer 24 of about 5 ⁇ m was formed by spin coating.
- the light transmittance of the diffusion transmission layer 25 was controlled by the concentration of calcium carbonate in the resin (0.1 to 10.0% by weight).
- the sample was mounted on the solar cell 22 so that the phosphor layer 24 was on the solar cell 22 side. Then, by measuring the total light transmittance of the diffusion transmission layer 25 and the phosphor layer 24 with an illuminometer, the usable range of the solar cell 22 in terms of electromotive force characteristics and shielding performance was examined.
- the electromotive force characteristic of the solar cell 22 was set to a passing criterion of an electromotive force of 2.5 V or more when five stages were connected in series under 200 lux fluorescent lamp illumination.
- the total light transmittance of the diffusion transmission layer 25 and the phosphor layer 24 is preferably in the range of 40% to 85%. According to the solar cell devices shown in Embodiments 1 and 2 above, since the existence of the solar cell can be shielded from the outside, the solar cell can be effectively installed even in a surplus space that could not be arranged due to conventional design restrictions. Now you can do it.
- Example 1 the case where the diffusion / transmission layer 15 contains the phosphor 14 was shown. However, the phosphor 14 was mixed into a transparent base material, and one or both surfaces thereof were processed for diffusion. The same effect as that of the solar cell device of Example 1 can be obtained even with the configuration in which the transmission layer 15 is used.
- Example 1 when forming the diffusion transmission layer 15, the material (calcium carbonate) for obtaining the diffusion transmission function and the phosphor 14 were separately mixed, but the fluorescent pigment was transparent. When dispersed in the body, both diffuse transmission and fluorescence can be imparted at the same time, making it easier to manufacture.
- the phosphor 14 or the phosphor layer 24 is used as a constituent element.
- a phosphor or a phosphor layer which emits phosphorescence upon incidence of light may be used as a constituent element. Good.
- the phosphor material or the phosphor material in addition to a stilbene derivative, rhodamine B, a coumarin derivative, a material that absorbs ultraviolet light and emits visible light, or absorbs visible light having a wavelength of 500 nm or less.
- various light emitting materials that emit visible light of 500 nm or more can be used. Examples of such phosphor materials or phosphor materials include perylene and its derivatives, oxazolyl derivatives, naphthalimid-based compounds, octadamin G, salicylaldazine, dixanthinylene, and entraviryl.
- Fouesnant door opening Li emissions ternary complex, rare earth ion one ⁇ wearer's own hair There are compounds such as ternary complexes of ton-trioctyl phosphoxide.
- methyl methacrylate resin mixed with calcium carbonate powder was used as the diffusion transmission layers 15 and 25, but other plastic materials and white powder were used. Is also good.
- the surface of transparent glass or resin can be honed, processed into a fish-eye lens, lenticular lens, full-lens lens, or formed into a fine prismatic layer on the surface.
- the diffusion transmission layers 15 and 25 can also be formed by a configuration such as forming a diffusion layer.
- the diffusion-permeable layers 15 and 25 by altering the surface of the plastic or by using a resin having a molecular structure such as Teflon or Delrin (polyacetal) having a diffusion-permeable property. Can be done.
- a diffusion transmission layer containing a phosphor or a phosphor, or a laminate of a diffusion transmission enhancement layer and a phosphor layer (phosphor layer) can be formed in a thin layer shape.
- a space of ⁇ m is sufficient, and there is almost no restriction on the installation space in the thickness direction.
- the solar cell can be made invisible from the outside, it is possible to realize an excellent design design that is completely unaware of the appearance of the solar cell.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic external view for explaining a third embodiment in which the solar cell device of the present invention is applied to a wristwatch, in which a solar cell is installed in four parts inside a dial. It is shown.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure on the front side of the solar cell in the cross section taken along the line C-C in FIG.
- a glass substrate 32 is fixed in the watch case 31.
- a solar cell 33 is formed by forming an amorphous silicon film by a plasma CVD method.
- a diffusion transmission layer 37 containing a phosphor 34, a hindered amine light stabilizer 35, and a light scattering substance 36 is provided on the front side of the glass substrate 32.
- a solar-powered wristwatch is constructed by also using layer 37 as a dial.
- a transparent epoxy resin is used for the diffusion transmission layer 37.
- 1.0% by weight of titanium dioxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m was added to the diffusion transmission layer 37 as a light scattering substance 36.
- a stilbene bisbenzoxazole derivative fluorescent dye (emission center wavelength: 330 nm) that absorbs ultraviolet light and emits visible light, and absorbs visible light having a wavelength of 500 nm or less.
- Rhodamine B (emission center wavelength: 580 ⁇ m), which emits visible light having a wavelength of 500 ⁇ m or more, was added to the diffusion transmission layer 37 in an amount of 0.5% by weight.
- Example 3 In order to confirm the effect of Example 3 described above, as Comparative Example 3, only the hindered amine light stabilizer was not added, and the other substances were the same as in Example 3 above, and the same addition amount was used. A diffusion transmission layer formed in the same size was used. The diffusion transmission layer in Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 was placed on the front side of the solar cell 33, and the amount of energy reaching the solar cell 33 from the front side was evaluated by electromotive force characteristics.
- an electromotive force of 2,500 V or more when five stages were connected in series under normal room light (200 lux with fluorescent lighting) was accepted.
- the shielding effect of the solar cell 33 and the weather resistance of the solar cell device were evaluated.
- the weather resistance was evaluated using a sunshine meter, exposed to a pressure of 35 O nm to 45 O nm for 1 to 0 hours continuously, and contaminated as specified in ISO 105-A03. Color chart No. 4-5 or higher was accepted as gray scale.
- Example 3 shows the results.
- Comparative Example 3 since the amount of photoenergy reaching the solar cell 33 varies depending on the fluorescent color emitted from the phosphor 34, the electromotive force characteristics of the solar cell 33 also change accordingly. I do.
- the correlation between the shielding effect of the solar cell 33 and the appearance quality showed the same tendency regardless of the fluorescent color.
- Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 both passed the solar cell's electromotive force securing and appearance shielding properties, and no significant difference was observed.
- the color chart in the Grace Case Evaluation for Contamination after 100 hours continuous exposure to a carbon arc using a Sunshine Weather Meter was 4-5 or more in Example 3, whereas — In Comparative Example 3 in which the dominin-based light stabilizer was not added, the color chart was No. 3 or less, and a drastic improvement in the weather resistance of Example 3 was recognized.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic external view for explaining Embodiment 4 in which the solar cell device of the present invention is applied to an electronic desk calculator, in which the solar cell 4 2 is arranged so as to surround the outer periphery of the display section 4 1. Is divided into four parts.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure on the front side of the solar cell in the cross section taken along line DD in FIG.
- Example 4 the display unit 41 and the solar cell 42 were fixed to the opening of the frame 43 of the electronic desk calculator from the inside. Then, a diffusion transmission layer 44 was laminated on the upper part of the solar cell 42 to form a solar cell device. A phosphor 45, a hindered amine light stabilizer 46, and a light scattering material 47 are added to the diffusion transmission layer 44.
- the base material of the diffusion transmission layer 4 is methyl methacrylate resin.
- a 4,4 ′ diaminostilbene-2.2 : disulfonic acid derivative-based fluorescent dye (emission center wavelength : 430 nm) was used, and 0.5% by weight was added to the diffusion transmission layer 44.
- Bis (2,2,6,6-tetrathryl-41-piperidyl) sebacert is used as the hindered amine light stabilizer 46, and 0.5% by weight is added to the diffusion transmission layer 44.
- the light scattering substance 47 titanium dioxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 1 m were used, and 1.0% by weight was added to the diffusion transmission layer 44.
- the solar cell device fabricated as described above was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 3 above, and as a result, substantially the same effects as in Example 3 were obtained.
- the light transmittance of the diffusion transmission layer 44 is controlled by changing the concentration of titanium dioxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m in the epoxy resin to 0.05% by weight to 10.0% by weight. did.
- the usable range of the solar cell 42 in terms of electromotive force characteristics and shielding performance is improved. Examined. The electromotive force characteristics of the solar cell 42 were judged to be acceptable if an electromotive force of 2.5 V or more was obtained under a 200-lux fluorescent lamp illumination in a 5-stage series connection.
- the electromotive force of 2.5 V or more was satisfied when the light transmittance of the diffusion transmission layer 44 was 40% or more, and that the higher the light transmittance, the better the electromotive force characteristics. .
- the light transmittance of the diffusion transmission layer 44 is preferably in the range of 40% to 85%.
- the phosphor 45 is added to the diffusion / transmission layer 44.
- a phosphor that emits phosphorescence upon incidence of light may be added.
- stilbene bisbenzo is used as the phosphor or phosphor.
- stilbene bisbenzo those that absorb visible light and emit visible light, and those that absorb visible light with a wavelength of 50 nm or less and emit visible light with a wavelength of 50 nm or more A luminous body can be used.
- a transparent epoxy resin—methyl methacrylate resin was used as the base material of the diffusion transmission layers 37 and 44, and the average particle size was used as the light scattering substances 36 and 47.
- titanium dioxide fine particles having a diameter of 1 ⁇ were used, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the base material of the diffusion transmission layers 37 and 44 is a transparent plastic material such as polystyrene, polycarbonate, or polyethylene terephthalate. Is also good.
- a transparent plastic material such as polystyrene, polycarbonate, or polyethylene terephthalate. Is also good.
- titanium dioxide fine particles white powders such as calcium carbonate and magnesium fluoride may be used as the light scattering substances 36 and 47, and the average particle diameter is not limited to 1 ⁇ m but may be any particle diameter. Powder can be used.
- Examples 3 and 4 phosphors 34 and 45 and hindered amine light stabilizers 35 and 46 were added to the diffusion transmission layers 37 and 44, respectively. 4, 4 5 and hindered Doami emission type light stabilizer 3 5: 4 6 diffuse transmission layer 3 7, 4 4 may be formed in a different layer from the.
- the diffusion transmission layers 37, 44 can be processed by honing the surface of transparent resin or glass, or processed into a fisheye lens, lenticular lens, or Fresnel lens. Alternatively, it may be manufactured by forming a fine prismatic layer on the same surface.
- the diffusion transmission layers 37 and 44 can be formed by altering and modifying the plastic surface, or by using a resin having a molecular structure that is diffusion-permeable such as Teflon or polyacetal.
- a resin having a molecular structure that is diffusion-permeable such as Teflon or polyacetal.
- Increasing the amount of the phosphors 34 and 45 causes concentration quenching as in the case of Examples 1 and 2. Therefore, taking into account the concentration limit at which this concentration quenching does not occur, the phosphors 34 and 45 are taken into account. 4 5 t Note it is necessary to adjust the amount of, at a concentration of example 3, 4 described above, concentration quenching was not occurred.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic external view for explaining a fifth embodiment in which the solar cell device of the present invention is applied to a wristwatch, and shows a state where the solar cells are installed in four parts inside the dial. Have been.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure on the front side of the solar cell in the cross section taken along line EE in FIG. 1.
- a glass substrate 52 is fixed in the watch case 51.
- a solar cell 53 is formed on the back surface of the glass substrate 52 by forming an amorphous silicon film by a plasma CVD method.
- a diffusion transmission layer 54 and an ultraviolet shielding layer 55 are provided on the front side of the glass substrate 52, and a solar cell wristwatch is constructed by using the diffusion transmission layer 54 as a dial. ing.
- the base material of the diffusion transmission layer 54 is a transparent epoxy resin, and as the light scattering substance 56, 1.0% by weight of titanium dioxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ in was added.
- the diffusion transmission layer 54 includes a fluorescent dye 57 (a luminescence center wavelength of 43 nm) of a stilbene bisbenzoxazole derivative that absorbs ultraviolet light and emits visible light as a phosphor 57, and a wavelength of 50 nm or less.
- a perylene derivative fluorescent dye (emission center wavelength: 61 O nm) that absorbs visible light and emits visible light having a wavelength of 50 O nm or more was added in an amount of 0.5% by weight.
- the diffusion transmission layer 54 having such a structure was formed into a sheet having a thickness of 0.4 mm.
- the ultraviolet shielding layer 5 5 is made of a transparent epoxy resin as a base material, 1.0% by weight of 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone was added to the absorbent 58 to prepare a sheet having a thickness of 0.25 rn ni. Was laminated. Comparative Example 5
- Example 5 In order to confirm the effect of the solar cell device according to Example 5 above, as a comparative example, the same substance, the same addition amount, and the same as in Example 5 were used except that the ultraviolet shielding layer 55 was not laminated. A diffusion transmission layer having a size of was formed.
- the diffusion transmitting layer 54 and the ultraviolet shielding layer 55 produced in Example 5 were laminated on the solar cell 53, and the amount of light energy reaching the solar cell 53 was evaluated by electromotive force characteristics.
- the diffusion transmission layer of Comparative Example 5 was arranged on a solar cell, and the amount of light energy reaching solar cell 53 was evaluated by electromotive force characteristics.
- an electromotive force of 2.5 V or more when five stages were connected in series under normal room light (200 lux with fluorescent lighting) was accepted.
- the shielding effect of the solar cell 53 and the weather resistance of the solar cell device were evaluated.
- the weather resistance was evaluated by exposure to a carbon arc with a wavelength of 35 O nm to 45 O nm for 100 hours using a sunshine weather meter, and a gray scale for contamination specified in ISO 105—AO3. Passed the color mark No. 415 or more.
- Example 5 and Comparative Example 5 exceeded the pass criteria for securing the electromotive force of the solar cell and shielding the appearance, and no significant difference was observed.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic external view for explaining Embodiment 6 in which the solar battery device of the present invention is applied to an electronic desk calculator.
- the solar battery 6 2 surrounds the outer periphery of the display unit 6 1. Is divided into four parts.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure on the front side of the solar cell in the cross section taken along line FF in FIG.
- the phosphor 66 and the light scattering material 67 are added to the diffusion transmission layer 64.
- methyl methacrylate resin was used as a base material of the diffusion transmission layer 64.
- 2,5-bis [5′-t-butylbenzoxazozolyl (2)] thiophene (emission center wavelength: 4335 nm) is used for the diffusion transmission layer 64. 0.5% by weight was added.
- titanium dioxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ were used, and 1.0% by weight was added to the diffusion transmission layer 64.
- epoxy resin is used as a base material of the ultraviolet shielding layer 65, and 1.0% by weight of 2- (2,1-hydroxy-15,1-methylphenyl) benzotriazole is used as the ultraviolet absorber 68. Was added.
- the solar cell device manufactured as described above was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 5, and as a result, substantially the same result as in Example 5 was obtained.
- the concentration of the light-scattering substance added to the diffusion transmission layer 64 was changed, and the light transmittance was changed to examine the usable range of the solar cell.
- the light transmittance was controlled by changing the concentration of titanium dioxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m in the epoxy resin in the range of 0.08% by weight to 12.0% by weight.
- the diffuse transmission layer 6 is placed on the solar cell 62, and the light transmittance was measured with an illuminometer to determine the usable range in terms of the electromotive force characteristics and shielding performance of the solar cell 62.
- the acceptance criteria for the electromotive force characteristics of the solar cell 62 were an electromotive force of 2.50 V or more when five stages were connected in series under illumination of 200 lux fluorescent light.
- the light transmittance of the diffusion transmission layer 64 is preferably in the range of 40% to 85%.
- the phosphors 57 and 66 were added to the diffusion / transmission layers 54 and 64, but the phosphors were added instead of the phosphors 57 and 66. Good.
- Phosphors or phosphors include stilbenebisbenzoxazole derivatives, perylene derivatives, 2,5-bis [5'-t-butylbenzoxazolyl (2)] thiophene, and visible light by absorbing ultraviolet light
- a light-emitting material that emits light, and various light-emitting materials that absorb visible light having a wavelength of 500 nm or less and emit visible light having a wavelength of 500 nm or more can be used.
- a phosphor or a phosphor 4,4, diaminostilbene-1,2,2'-disulfonic acid derivative, coumarin derivative, oxazole derivative, naphthalimid compound, rhodamine B, rhodamine G. salicylaldazine, Jikisanchiren, Anne Torapiri spermidine derivative YV 0 4:.
- Examples 5 and 6 a transparent epoxy resin—methyl methacrylate resin was used as the base material of the diffusion transmission layers 54 and 64. Instead, polycarbonate and polyethylene terephthalate were used instead. A transparent plastic material such as a bird may be used. Further, as the light scattering substances 56, 67, white powders such as calcium carbonate and magnesium fluoride may be used instead of titanium dioxide fine particles, and the average particle diameter is not limited to 1 ⁇ m, but may be any value. Powder having a particle size may be used.
- the phosphors 57 and 66 are added to the diffusion and transmission layers 54 and 64. However, a phosphor layer is formed separately from the diffusion and transmission layers 54 and 64. You can also.
- the diffusion / transmission layers 54 and 64 can be processed by honing the surface of the transparent resin or glass, or by processing into a fisheye lens, lenticular lens, or Fresnel lens. Alternatively, it may be formed by forming a fine prismatic layer on the surface. In addition, the surface of the plastic can be altered or modified, or the diffusion transmission layers 54, 64 can be formed by using a resin having a molecular structure of diffusion transmission, such as Teflon or polyacetal.
- Examples 5 and 6 an epoxy resin was used as the base material of the ultraviolet shielding layers 55 and 65, and 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone was used as an ultraviolet absorber and 2— (2′—hydroxy-1-5). Although benzotriazole was used, a transparent plastic material such as methyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polycarbonate, or polyethylene terephthalate can be used as the base material.
- an ultraviolet shielding layer may be directly formed on a layer containing a phosphor or a phosphor by a spin coating method, a dipping method, or the like.
- UV absorbers include, for example, 2-hydroxy-4-phenoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-14-octoxybenzophenone 2-hydroxy-1-4-dodecyloxybenzophenone.
- Examples 5 and 6 bis (2,2,6,6—tetramethyl-4-pyridyl) was added in order to further improve the weather resistance of the layer containing the phosphor or the phosphor.
- a small amount of a hindered amine light stabilizer having a structure in which all hydrogens on carbons at the 2- and 6-positions of a pyridin such as sebakette may be substituted with a methyl group may be added.
- concentration quenching occurs as in the case of Examples 1 to 4. Therefore, considering the concentration limit at which the concentration quenching does not occur, the phosphors 57 and 66 are taken into consideration. It is necessary to adjust the amount of addition of ⁇ 6. ⁇ Note that the concentrations of Examples 5 and 6 described above did not cause concentration quenching.
- Example 7
- FIG. 14 is a schematic external view for explaining Embodiment 7 in which the solar cell device of the present invention is applied to a wristwatch, and shows a state where solar cells are installed in four parts inside a dial. Have been.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure on the front side of the solar cell in the cross section taken along the line GG in FIG.
- a glass base 72 is fixed inside the watch case 71.
- An amorphous silicon film is formed on the back surface of the glass
- the solar cell 73 was created by forming it by the VD method.
- a shielding layer 74 is laminated as shown in an enlarged manner in FIG.
- a light shielding surface 75 for scattering light is formed on one surface of the shielding layer 74.
- the shielding layer 74 is laminated on the glass substrate 72 with the light shielding surface 75 facing the side facing the solar cell 73.
- one side of a transparent plate-like glass was machined as a shielding layer 74, and square pyramids with a side of 50 ⁇ m were spread in the vertical and horizontal directions (X-Y directions).
- the light shielding surface 75 has such a continuous prism shape.
- a diffusion transmission layer 76 is laminated on the front surface of the shielding layer 74.
- a ceramic obtained by sintering and molding titanium dioxide powder was used as the diffusion transmission layer 76.
- This diffusion transmission layer 76 had a light transmittance of about 55% regardless of the light incident direction.
- the diffuse transmission layer 76 has a structure that can also be used as a dial of a solar cell type watch.
- the vertical angle of the pyramid formed on the light shielding surface 75 was changed in the range of 70 ° to 120 °, and the weak vertical The light transmittance of the shielding layer 74 under an illuminating light having a property was measured.
- the results are shown in FIG.
- the black circles in the figure show the dependence of the light transmittance on the apex angle of the light incident on the shielding layer 74 from the front side (diffusion transmitting layer 76 side), and the white circles show the reverse side (solar cell
- the figure shows the dependence of the light transmittance on the apex angle for the light incident on the shielding layer 74 from the side 73).
- the directivity of outgoing light with respect to the incident light of the diffusion transmission layer 76 greatly depends on the material and manufacturing method.
- the diffuse transmission layer 76 used in Example 7 had a large light diffusivity, and light transmitted through the same layer 76 and incident on the shielding layer 74 had weak vertical directivity. For this reason, in the solar cell device of Example 7, it was confirmed that the shielding layer 74 that receives light having weak vertical directivity from the diffusion transmission layer 76 exhibits transmission anisotropy. Comparative Example 7-1
- Example 7-1 a solar cell device having a structure in which only a diffusion transmission layer 76 was provided on the front side of a solar cell 73 and no shielding layer 74 was provided was prepared.
- the diffusion transmission layer 76 the same material and the same size as those of the seventh embodiment and having a light transmittance of 50% irrespective of the light incident direction were used. Comparative Example 7-2
- Example 7-2 a solar cell device having a structure in which only the diffusion transmission layer 76 was provided on the front side of the solar cell 73 and the shielding layer 74 was not provided was prepared.
- the diffusion transmission layer 76 the same material and the same size as those in Example 7 were used, and the light transmittance was 39% regardless of the light incident direction.
- the electromotive force characteristics of each of the solar cell devices manufactured in Example 7, Comparative Example 7-1 and Comparative Example 7-2 were evaluated, and the light-shielding property of light reflected by the solar cell 73 was also evaluated. .
- the criteria for the evaluation of the electromotive force characteristics were a passing criterion of electromotive force of 2.5 V or more when five stages were connected in series under normal room light (200 lux with fluorescent lighting).
- the evaluation was based on the degree to which the solar cell 73 can be observed from the outside.
- the electromotive force of the solar cell 73 was 2.52 V or more, and the electromotive force characteristics exceeded the pass standard. This means that the transmittance of the diffusion transmission layer 76 is 55. Since the transmittance of the shielding layer 74 to the incident light from the side of the diffusion transmission layer 76 is 92%, about 50% of the externally incident light reaches the solar cell 73 and contributes to power generation. This is the result of doing so.
- Table 4 shows the above results.
- Example 8 Next, a solar cell device according to Example 8 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
- a solar cell 82 is formed on the back surface of a glass substrate 8 #, and a shielding layer 83 is provided on the front surface of the glass substrate 81. They are laminated, and furthermore, a diffusion transmission layer 84 is laminated in front of the shielding layer 83.
- Example 8 the light shielding surface 85 formed on one surface of the shielding layer 83 as shown in FIG. 19 was formed on the side in contact with the diffusion transmission layer 84. Is different.
- the apex angle of the pyramid formed on the light shielding surface 85 was changed in the range of 70 ° to 120 °.
- the light transmittance was measured under illumination having strong vertical directivity. The results are shown in FIG.
- the black circles in the figure indicate the apex angle dependence of the light transmittance of the light incident on the shielding layer 83 from the side of the diffusion transmitting layer 84, and the open circles indicate the shielding layer 83 from the solar cell 82 side. It shows the dependence of the light transmittance on the apex angle for the light incident on.
- the solar cell 82 when light having a high directivity is incident, 78% or more of the amount of light incident on the shielding layer 83 from the diffusion transmission layer 84 reaches the solar cell 82. Contribute to power generation. And since the reflectance of the solar cell 82 is high even at a portion of about 70%, the amount of light that is reflected by the solar cell 82, passes through the shielding layer 83, and returns to the front side is about 27%. To decrease.
- the diffuse transmission layer 84 with low light diffusivity when used, the light transmitted through the diffusion transmission layer 8 and incident on the shielding layer 83 has a rather strong directivity.
- the light transmittance of the diffusion transmission layer 84 used in Example 8 was 71%. Since the light transmittance of the shielding layer 83 against the incident light from the diffusion transmission layer 84 is 78%, about 55% of the external incident light reaches the solar cell 82 and contributes to the power generation. become.
- a solar cell device having a structure in which a shielding layer having a light transmittance of about 78% and having no transmission anisotropy was disposed between the solar cell 82 and the diffusion transmission layer 84 was prepared.
- the amount of light that is reflected by the metal electrode portion of the solar cell 82 and then transmitted to the outside through the shielding layer and the diffusion transmission layer 84 to the outside is large. It was clearly visible from the outside and the shielding effect was insufficient.
- Example 9 a solar cell 93 was formed on a metal substrate 91 via an insulating layer 92, and a shielding layer 94 was formed on the front side of the solar cell 93. On the front side of 4, a diffusion transmission layer 95 was laminated.
- a solar cell 93 was formed on a metal base material 91 such as stainless steel via an insulating layer 92 such as polyimide. Then, a shielding layer 94 having a hemispherical light shielding surface 96 was formed directly on the front of the solar cell 93.
- a diffusion transmission layer 95 a material having a low light diffusion property and a transmittance of 68% was used.
- Example 9 a mother mold for forming the shielding layer 94 was formed by the following steps.
- the gold film was removed at a pitch of 30 ⁇ m through a photolithographic and etching process into a round shape having a diameter of 5 ⁇ .
- the silicon wafer is immersed in a mixed solution of concentrated hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, and acetic acid, and the silicon wafer is isotropically etched starting from the portion from which the gold film has been removed.
- the remaining gold film is removed, the hemispherical recesses are aligned and regulated correctly.
- a maza type 1 is created.
- the diameter of the recess depends on the etching time, and after etching for about 30 minutes, a mother type was obtained in which hemispherical sections with a diameter of about 25 ⁇ m were continuously and regularly arranged in the XY directions.
- An electrode is created from the mother mold thus created, a PMMA (methyl methacrylate) resin is poured onto the solar cell 93, and a hemispherical shape is formed on the surface thereof using the above-mentioned electron-cross mold.
- the transfer portion becomes a light shielding surface 96 composed of a collection of hemispherical convex portions, and a diffusion transmission layer 95 and a shielding layer 94 are formed.
- the shielding layer 94 was formed on a transparent glass plate in the same manner, and transmission anisotropy was confirmed. As a result, the transmittance of light incident on the shielding layer 94 from the front side facing the diffusion transmission layer 95 was about 92%. On the other hand, the transmittance of light incident on the shielding layer 94 from the back side facing the solar cell 93 was 65%. That is, also in this configuration, the transmission anisotropy was confirmed in the shielding layer 94.
- the ninth embodiment it is possible to shield the solar cell 93 and make it invisible from the outside only by adjusting the light transmittance of the diffusion transmission layer 95 to be reduced by about several percent. .
- Example 9 since the shielding layer 94 having the above-described transmission anisotropy was formed directly on the solar cell 93 with a thickness of about 0 ⁇ m by using a plastic transfer technique, the structure was simple. The thickness of the entire device could be reduced. In addition, the shielding layer 94 on the solar cell 93 also functions as a protective layer, so that the durability of the solar cell 93 can be improved.
- the light shielding surface 96 of the shielding layer 94 is formed by a collection of hemispherical ⁇ portions.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- Various types of diffusing light such as a set of convex parts with a cut end, and a gap between the convex parts CT / JP94 / 02101
- the hemispherical projections are formed continuously on the light shielding surface 96 of the shielding layer 94 in the X and Y directions, but the projections are formed in the circumferential direction ((direction). And the rows may be arranged in the radial direction (r direction). Further, the arrangement may be such that the positions of the protrusions are shifted by a half pitch in each row.
- Example 10 In the solar cell device of Example 10, a solar cell 103 was formed on a metal substrate 101 via an insulating layer 102, and a shielding layer 1 was formed on the front side of the solar cell 103. And a diffusion transmission layer 105 are sequentially laminated. In Example 10, a diffuse transmission layer 105 having a high light diffusion property and a transmittance of 58% was used.
- a solar cell 103 is formed on a metal base 101 such as a brass steel base via an insulating layer 102 such as polyimide. Further, as shown in FIG. 22, the shielding layer 104 is integrally formed on the back surface side of the diffusion transmitting layer 105. The light shielding surface 106 of the shielding layer 104 was formed in a prism shape on the back surface facing the solar cell 103.
- a method for manufacturing the shielding layer 104 will be described. First, a mold for forming the shielding layer 104 was prepared in the following step.
- the transfer portion becomes a light shielding surface 106 composed of a collection of square pyramid prism-shaped convex portions, and a diffusion transmission layer 105 and a shielding layer 104 are formed.
- the diffusion transmission layer 105 and the shielding layer 104 integrally formed on the solar cell 103.
- a solar cell device is formed.
- the light shielding surface 106 of the shielding layer 104 is made to face the front surface of the solar cell 103.
- the shielding layer 104 was formed on a transparent glass plate in the same manner, and the transmission anisotropy was confirmed. As a result, the transmittance of light incident on the shielding layer 104 from the front side in contact with the diffusion transmitting layer 105 was about 90%. On the other hand, the transmittance of light incident on the shielding layer 104 from the back side facing the solar cell 103 was 58%. That is, even in this configuration, transmission anisotropy was confirmed in the shielding layer 104.
- the solar cell 103 can be shielded so that it cannot be recognized from the outside by merely adjusting the light transmittance of the diffusion transmission layer 1-5 to be reduced by about several percent. It becomes possible.
- Example 10 the shielding layer 104 having the above-described transmission anisotropy was integrally formed on the diffusion transmission layer 105 with a thickness of about 60 ⁇ m by using a plastic transfer technique. With a simple configuration, the thickness of the entire device could be reduced.
- the light shielding surface 106 of the shielding layer 104 was formed by prismatic projections, but is not limited to this. It can be formed in various forms for diffusing light, such as a set of convex portions having different shapes, or a gap formed between these convex portions.
- Example 10 prism-shaped convex portions were formed continuously on the light shielding surface 106 of the shielding layer 104 in the X- ⁇ direction.
- the projections may be arranged in the circumferential direction ( ⁇ direction), and the rows may be arranged in the radial direction (r direction). Further, the arrangement may be such that the positions of the protrusions are shifted by half a pitch in each row.
- the shielding layer 74 was formed by machining one side of a transparent glass plate to have an apex angle of 105 ° and a side of 50 ⁇ units.
- the structure has a continuous prism-shaped surface in which the quadrangular pyramids are spread in the X and Y directions.
- the shielding layer 83 was formed by machining one side of a transparent glass plate to form a quadrangular pyramid with an apex angle of 80 ° or 95 ° and a side of 50 ⁇ m.
- the apex angle of the quadrangular pyramid forming the prism shape is not limited to the above value, and can be set arbitrarily within a range where machining can be performed.
- the surface of a transparent resin or glass plate can be honed, processed into a fish-eye lens, lenticular lens, Fresnel lens shape, hemispherical lens, It can be formed into an arbitrary shape that can diffuse light, such as a set of convex portions or concave portions having a shape obtained by cutting the tip of a prism shape or a prism shape, or a shape having a gap between the convex portions or concave portions.
- a glass plate was used in the seventh and eighth embodiments, but a transparent resin may be used as in the case of the ninth and tenth embodiments.
- the plastic material was directly placed on the front of the solar cells 73 and 82 using the electrolysis method as in Example 9. It is also possible to form shielding layers 74 and 83 made of a material. Also, as in the tenth embodiment, the shielding layers 74 and 83 made of a plastic material may be formed directly on the diffusion transmitting layers 76 and 84 using a casting method using a mold. Further, the shielding layers 74 and 83 can be formed by an injection molding method or the like.
- the diffusion transmitting layers in the seventh to tenth embodiments of the present invention can be formed by ceramics obtained by sintering and molding titanium dioxide.
- the diffusion transmission layer can also be formed by using such a method.
- the diffusion transmitting layer of this embodiment is made of a transparent epoxy resin, a methyl methacrylate resin, polystyrene, polyethylene, polycarbonate, or a transparent plastic material such as polyethylene terephthalate. It can also be formed by adding fine particles such as titanium, calcium carbonate, and magnesium fluoride.
- the diffusion transmission layer of the embodiment may be added with either one kind of phosphor or phosphor, and both phosphor and phosphor.
- a hindered amine light stabilizer can be added. In this way, the same effect as that of the diffusion transmission layer formed by adding the phosphor, the phosphor, and the hindered amine light stabilizer described above can be obtained.
- an arbitrary color may be expressed by adding a coloring agent to the diffusion transmission layer of the embodiment.
- a coloring agent in this case, various dyes and pigments including a fluorescent dye and a fluorescent pigment can be used.
- fluorescent materials that absorb short-wavelength light, convert the wavelength to long-wavelength light, and emit light
- fluorescent material 2,5-bis [5'-t-butylbenzoxazolyl (2)] thiophene, perylene, perylene derivative.
- Stilbene derivative coumarin derivative, oxazole derivative, still Benbisbenzoxazole derivatives, naphthalimid-based compounds, mouth-damine B, rhodamine G, salicylaldazine, dixanthine, anthrapyrimidine derivative, anthraquinone derivative, YV04: Sm, Y203: Ho, rare earths Materials such as ionic / diketon / 1.1,10 phenanthroline ternary complex and rare earth ion—9 diketon—trioctylphosphinoxide ternary complex can be used as the phosphor.
- the bis (2,2,6,6-tetratratyl-4-piperidyl) sebacert and the bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-pi) are used as hindered amine light stabilizers.
- the number of solar cells and the electrical connection structure can be arbitrarily set.
- the present invention can be used for various products such as a clock using a solar cell, an electronic desk calculator, and a radio.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP95902956A EP0735596B1 (en) | 1993-12-14 | 1994-12-14 | Solar battery device |
DE69434300T DE69434300T2 (de) | 1993-12-14 | 1994-12-14 | Solarzelle |
US08/652,461 US5714012A (en) | 1993-12-14 | 1994-12-14 | Solar battery device |
HK98102367A HK1003213A1 (en) | 1993-12-14 | 1998-03-20 | Solar battery device. |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP6656093 | 1993-12-14 | ||
JP5/66560U | 1993-12-14 | ||
JP6/240451 | 1994-10-05 | ||
JP24045194 | 1994-10-05 | ||
JP24571894 | 1994-10-12 | ||
JP6/245718 | 1994-10-12 |
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WO1995017015A1 true WO1995017015A1 (fr) | 1995-06-22 |
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ID=27299171
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP1994/002101 WO1995017015A1 (fr) | 1993-12-14 | 1994-12-14 | Dispositif de pile solaire |
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US (1) | US5714012A (ja) |
EP (2) | EP0735596B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1077728C (ja) |
DE (2) | DE69434300T2 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1003213A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1995017015A1 (ja) |
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- 1994-12-14 EP EP95902956A patent/EP0735596B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-14 DE DE69434300T patent/DE69434300T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-12-14 DE DE69434394T patent/DE69434394T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-14 EP EP97118955A patent/EP0831537B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-14 CN CN94194480A patent/CN1077728C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1998
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Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5816238A (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1998-10-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Durable fluorescent solar collectors |
WO1997008756A1 (en) * | 1995-08-28 | 1997-03-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Durable fluorescent solar collectors |
AU709596B2 (en) * | 1995-08-28 | 1999-09-02 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Durable fluorescent solar collectors |
JPH09269382A (ja) * | 1996-04-02 | 1997-10-14 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | ソーラー時計用表示板構造 |
WO2006006372A1 (ja) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-01-19 | Tohoku University | 太陽電池パネル |
JP2006024716A (ja) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-01-26 | Tohoku Univ | 太陽電池パネル |
JP2010537417A (ja) * | 2007-08-17 | 2010-12-02 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 太陽電池構造体 |
US9082904B2 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2015-07-14 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Solar cell module and solar photovoltaic system |
JP2012082324A (ja) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-04-26 | Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd | 球状蛍光体、波長変換型太陽電池封止材、太陽電池モジュール及びこれらの製造方法 |
JP2014049748A (ja) * | 2013-02-14 | 2014-03-17 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 太陽電池 |
WO2016035311A1 (ja) * | 2014-09-01 | 2016-03-10 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 波長変換フィルタおよびそれを利用した太陽電池モジュール |
JPWO2016035311A1 (ja) * | 2014-09-01 | 2017-05-25 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 波長変換フィルタおよびそれを利用した太陽電池モジュール |
JP2015108149A (ja) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-06-11 | 日立化成株式会社 | 球状蛍光体の製造方法、波長変換型太陽電池封止材、波長変換型太陽電池封止材の製造方法、太陽電池モジュール、太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0831537B1 (en) | 2005-06-01 |
CN1077728C (zh) | 2002-01-09 |
EP0831537A3 (en) | 1998-04-08 |
DE69434394T2 (de) | 2006-04-27 |
EP0735596A4 (en) | 1997-02-19 |
EP0735596B1 (en) | 2005-03-16 |
EP0735596A1 (en) | 1996-10-02 |
CN1137330A (zh) | 1996-12-04 |
DE69434300T2 (de) | 2005-12-29 |
EP0831537A2 (en) | 1998-03-25 |
HK1003213A1 (en) | 1998-10-16 |
DE69434300D1 (de) | 2005-04-21 |
US5714012A (en) | 1998-02-03 |
DE69434394D1 (de) | 2005-07-07 |
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