WO1993012153A1 - Isocyanat-trimerisierungskatalysator - Google Patents
Isocyanat-trimerisierungskatalysator Download PDFInfo
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- WO1993012153A1 WO1993012153A1 PCT/EP1992/002825 EP9202825W WO9312153A1 WO 1993012153 A1 WO1993012153 A1 WO 1993012153A1 EP 9202825 W EP9202825 W EP 9202825W WO 9312153 A1 WO9312153 A1 WO 9312153A1
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- Prior art keywords
- groups
- compounds
- acid
- isocyanate
- catalyst composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/161—Catalysts containing two or more components to be covered by at least two of the groups C08G18/166, C08G18/18 or C08G18/22
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/02—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates of isocyanates or isothiocyanates only
- C08G18/022—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates of isocyanates or isothiocyanates only the polymeric products containing isocyanurate groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/18—Catalysts containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof
- C08G18/1841—Catalysts containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof having carbonyl groups which may be linked to one or more nitrogen or oxygen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2115/00—Oligomerisation
- C08G2115/02—Oligomerisation to isocyanurate groups
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composition which catalyzes the tri erization reaction of isocyanates to isocyanurates, a process for the preparation of polyisocyanurate plastics by reacting organic di- or polyisocyanates and their use.
- Polyisocyanurate plastics or polyurethane plastics with a proportion of polyisocyanurate structures are distinguished from pure polyurethane plastics by better dimensional stability at a higher temperature and inherent flame retardancy. The effect of this is that flame retardants can be dispensed with completely or at least partially in such systems without the fire properties deteriorating.
- the materials have to cure within a short time at least to the extent that they have a certain dimensional stability or can be removed from the mold.
- a variety of catalysts are effective for the production of polyisocyanurate plastics, since these catalysts trimerize di- or polyisocyanates to form isocyanurate structures. These are different classes of compounds such as alkali oxides, quaternary ammonium hydroxides, Mannich bases of phenols, triazines or Friedel-Crafts catalysts such as aluminum trichloride. These and many other trimerization catalysts are described, for example, in: Houben-Weyl "Methods of Organic Chemistry", Volume E20 "Macromolecular Substances", Published by H. Bartl, J. Falbe, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York 1987, pp. 1741-1744, AAR Sayigh, Adv.
- Complexed potassium acetate has an excellent catalytic activity and is already highly effective even in small amounts.
- complexed potassium acetate has a number of disadvantages.
- the reaction with isocyanates or prepolymers takes place only very slowly, so that the use of polyols is absolutely necessary when complexed potassium acetate is used.
- potassium acetate cannot be combined with a number of flame retardants and has the disadvantage, especially when combined with water as a blowing agent, that fluctuating and non-reproducible lying, rising and setting times can result, so that in such cases the technical application and especially prohibits processing on machines.
- Deviations in the molar ratio of carboxylic acid groups to tertiary amino groups in the range between 0.01 and 1.5 only lead to a slight additional catalyst requirement. However, preference is given to using mixtures in which the molar ratio is between 0.4 and 1.3.
- the mixture should also have a content of nitrogen bound as tertiary amine of 0.05 to 7, preferably up to 4% by weight, particularly preferably up to 2% by weight.
- the present invention therefore relates to a mixture which can be converted by heating into a catalyst composition for the trimerization of isocyanate groups
- the present invention further provides a catalyst composition which is obtainable by heating the above mixture to a temperature between 50 and 150 ° C, preferably 80 to 130 ° C, for a period of at least 30 minutes, preferably for a period of 30 minutes to 8 hours, generally a heating time of up to 3 hours is sufficient.
- the present invention furthermore relates to the use of the catalyst composition for the production of polyisocyanurate plastics, preferably cellular polyisocyanurate plastics.
- the present invention relates to a process for producing polyisocyanurate plastics by polymerizing
- the deficit in component b) should preferably be such that the isocyanate index is at least 130. It is not necessary for the process according to the invention that the catalyst composition is used as such. Rather, the catalyst composition can contain one or more or all of the constituents b) and c).
- components b) and c) can in general also advantageously already be added to the mixture which can be converted into the catalyst composition and can be heated together. It is only essential that isocyanates according to component a) are not yet present during the heating.
- the catalyst composition according to the invention is preferably used in the polymerization process in an amount of from 0.01 to 10% by weight, particularly preferably from 0.1 to 5% by weight, in particular up to 2% by weight, based on the polymer station mixture, used. These quantities refer to the catalyst composition as such. If the catalyst composition has already been prepared in the presence of components b) and c), these components are not included in the catalyst composition.
- the polyisocyanurate plastics which can be produced by the process according to the invention are particularly suitable for cast resin molding materials, for example for Shaped bodies, such as technical housings, device parts, filling foam, casting bodies, insulating webs for window profiles, rollers, rollers, cone balls, cones, pipes, filter plates, pallets, model building boards etc. as laminated materials, upholstery materials, mattresses, insulating materials, coatings, rubber-elastic materials or paints.
- Shaped bodies such as technical housings, device parts, filling foam, casting bodies, insulating webs for window profiles, rollers, rollers, cone balls, cones, pipes, filter plates, pallets, model building boards etc. as laminated materials, upholstery materials, mattresses, insulating materials, coatings, rubber-elastic materials or paints.
- the component containing carboxylic acid groups contained in the catalyst compositions comprises at least one compound which is at least one
- Contains carboxylic acid group can e.g. represent aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic or heterocyclic mono-, di- or polycarboxylic acids, which can optionally carry further functional groups.
- formic acid acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid or higher saturated or unsaturated alkane carboxylic acids such as oleic acid are suitable.
- Stearic acid aric acid,
- Palmitic acid or linoleic acid cyclobutane carboxylic acid, cyclohexane carboxylic acid.
- Benzoic acid, phthalic acid, terephthalic acid or salicylic acid Compounds with a molecular weight of generally 400 to 10,000 are also suitable, which in addition to hydroxyl functions also have a small amount of carboxylic acid functionality. These are preferably polyester polyols with a remaining one
- Liquid compounds with are preferred at least one carboxylic acid group per molecule and with a low vapor pressure so that they have only a slight perceptible odor.
- Fatty acids such as oleic acid or linoleic acid are particularly preferred.
- the component containing tertiary amine groups contained in the catalyst compositions comprises at least one compound with tertiary amino groups.
- These compounds can be, for example, aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic or heterocyclic tertiary mono-, di- or polyamines which may carry further functional groups, for example triethylamine, tributylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, N, N, N ⁇ N '-Tetramethylethylenediamine 5 pentamethyl-diethylenetriamine and higher homologues (DE-S 2 624 527, 2 624 528), 1,4-diazabicyclo [2,2,2] octane, N-methyl-N'-dimethylaminoethylpiperazine (DE- OS 2 636 787), N, N-dimethylbenzylamine, N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, N, N-diethylbenzylamine, bis
- Isocyanate may also be used tertiary amines having active hydrogen atoms, for example triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, N-methyl-diethanolamine-ethyl-diethanolamine, N, N-dimethylethanolamine and their reaction products with alkylene oxides such as propylene oxide.
- Amines with only a low vapor pressure such as, for example, are preferred N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, bis (3-dimethylaminopropyl) formamide and 2-dimethylaminoethanol.
- the component containing epoxy groups in the catalyst compositions comprises at least one compound which contains at least one 1,2-epoxy group.
- These are aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic compounds with epoxy groups which are known per se and are commercially available. Such compounds can contain one and more epoxy groups per molecule.
- the compounds on which the compounds containing the epoxy groups are based have 1 to 20 carbon atoms and are epoxidizable carboxylic acids, carboxylic anhydrides, alcohols, dialcohols, polyalcohols or unsaturated compounds.
- the epoxydable cycloaliphatic compounds are rings with 3 to 7 carbon atoms, preferably with 5 to 6 carbon atoms, which in turn carry up to 3 methyl or ether groups that they belong to the above-mentioned classes of compounds.
- Aromatic compounds are phenols, polyphenols, carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids, oxycarboxylic acids, aromatic amines or aromatic polyamines, the basic structure of which is a benzene or naphthalene nucleus.
- Such aromatic compounds also include those whose basic structure is composed of two benzene nuclei which are bonded through a single bond, through a C r C 6 alkylene group, through a C 2 -C 6 cycloalkylene group, through a C 5 -C 6 cycloalkylidene group, by oxygen, sulfur, -SO 2 - or -CO are linked.
- Aromatic or non-aromatic 5- or 6-rings with one or two nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms, which carry hydroxy, carboxyl or amino groups for epoxidation, may be mentioned as the basic framework for epoxidizable heterocyclic compounds.
- Examples of such compounds are: ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, 1-hexene oxide, styrene oxide, cyclohexene oxide or norbornene oxide, polyglycidyl ethers of mono- or polyhydric phenols, for example phenol, cresol, pyrocatechol resorquinol, hydroquinone, 4,4-dihydroxydiphenyldimethylmethane, 4,4'-dihydroxy 3 , 3 '-dimethyl-diphenylpropane, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone, tris- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -ethane, of chlorination and bromination products of the above-mentioned polyphenols, of novolaks (reaction products of one or more phenols with aldehydes, in particular Formaldehyde, in the presence of acidic catalysts); Phenyl-epoxy compounds based on aromatic amines and epichlorohydrin
- Phenylglycidyl ethers, glycidyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols such as butanediol bisglycidyl ether or hexanediol bisglycidyl ether are preferred.
- Liquid epoxy resins based on bisphenol A or bisphenol F, and liquid epoxidized fatty acid esters are preferred.
- compositions according to the invention containing carboxylic acid groups, tertiary amino groups, 1,2-epoxy groups are subjected to a heat treatment before use as a trimerization catalyst.
- the heat treatment is carried out by heating to a temperature of 50 to 150 ° C, preferably to a temperature of 80 to 120 ° C, for several hours.
- the compositions according to the invention have catalytic activity only after this heat treatment
- polyisocyanurate plastics with a wide variety of physical properties can be made from polyisocyanates and if appropriate, compounds with a plurality of compounds containing hydroxyl, amine and / or carboxyl groups, optionally with the use of water and / or blowing agents, catalysts, emulsifiers and other additives.
- Polyisocyanurate plastics are described, for example, in Houben-Weyl "Methods of Organic Chemistry", Volume E20 “Macromolecular Substances”, editors H. Bartl, J. Falbe, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York 1987, pp. 1749-51 and those mentioned herein Quotes.
- polyisocyanurate plastics can also contain allophanate and biuret structures due to additional crosslinking reactions.
- At least one polyisocyanate component at least one trimerization catalyst, which can be present as a compound or in the form of compositions, - optionally a component with at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and, if appropriate, further additives and auxiliaries.
- Additional and auxiliary means are e.g. Blowing agents, other catalysts, surface-active additives, retarders and other additives such as anti-aging agents, plasticizers, flame retardants and fillers.
- ethylene diisocyanate 1,4-tetra- methylene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,12-dodecane diisocyanate, cyclobutane-l, 3-diisocyanate, cyclohexane-1,3- and -1,4-diisocyanate and any mixtures of these isomers, l-isocyanato-3,3,5 -trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethyl-cyclohexane, 2,4- and 2,6-hexahydrotoluenediisocyanate as well as any mixtures of these isomers, hexahydro-1,3- and / or -1,4-phenyldiisocyanate, perhydro-2,4'- and / or -4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,3- and 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,4- and 2,6
- polyisocyanate components are, for example: triphenylmethane-4,4 ', 4 "-triisocyanate, polyphenyl-polymethylene polyisocyanates as obtained by the aniline-formaldehyde condensation and subsequent phosgenation (for example GB-A 874 430, 848 671 ), m- and p-isocyanatophenylsulfonyl isocyanates (for example US Pat. No. 3,454,606) perchlorinated aryl polyisocyanates (for example US Pat. No. 3,277,138), polyisocyanates containing carbodiimide (for example DE-B 1 092 007, US Pat. No.
- mixtures of a polyisocyanate component and an epoxy component can also be used as the polyisocyanate component.
- an alkylating agent so-called isocyanate / epoxy combination resins (for example DE-B 1 115 932, DE-B 2 655 367, DE-B 2 359 386, DE-A 2 430, EP- A 223 087.
- DE-A 2 432 952 US-A 3 020262
- US-A 4 728 676 EP-A 272 563
- the polyisocyanurate plastics can optionally be modified by urethane, urea and / or amide structures. Modifications of this type are achieved by reacting components with at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanates before or simultaneously with the trimerization reaction with the di- or polyisocyanate components.
- Hydrogen atoms are usually compounds with a molecular weight of 400 to 10,000 in question. These include, in addition to amino groups, thiol groups or carboxyl group-containing compounds, in particular two to eight hydroxyl group-containing compounds, especially those with a molecular weight of 1,000 to 8,000, preferably those with a molecular weight of 1,500 to 4,000, e.g. at least two, generally 2 to 6, but preferably 2 to 4 hydroxyl-containing polyesters, polyethers, polythioethers, polycarbonates and polyesteramides.
- the hydroxyl group-containing polyesters are e.g. Reaction products of polyhydric, preferably dihydric and optionally additionally trihydric alcohols with polybasic, preferably dibasic carboxylic acids.
- polyhydric preferably dihydric and optionally additionally trihydric alcohols
- polybasic preferably dibasic carboxylic acids.
- the corresponding polycarboxylic anhydrides or corresponding polycarboxylic esters of lower alcohols or mixtures thereof can also be used to produce the polyesters.
- the polycarboxylic acids can be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic and / or heterocyclic in nature, e.g. by halogen atoms, substituted and / or unsaturated.
- carboxylic acids and their derivatives are: succinic acid. Adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid. Phthalic acid, Isophthalic acid, trimellitic acid, phthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, endo methylene tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, maleic acid, maleic acid anhydride, fumaric acid unsaturated fatty acids, mixture with unsaturated fatty acids, fumaric acid, unsaturated fatty acids
- polyhydric alcohols are e.g. Ethylene glycol, propyl glycol (1,2) and - (1,3), butylene glycol (1,4) and - (2,3), hexanediol (1,6), octanediol (1,8) neopentyl glycol, l , 4-bis (hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane, 2-methyl-l, 3-propanediol glycerol, trimethylolpropane, hexanetriol (l, 2.6), butanetriol (l, 2.4), trimethylol ethane, pentaerytlirite, quinite, mannitol and sorbitol, formitol, methylglycoside, also di-, tri-, tetra- and higher polyethylene glycols.
- the polyesters can have partly terminal carboxyl groups. Lactone polyester, e.g. e-caprolactam, or from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. ris-hydroxycaproic acid can be used. However, the hydroxy-functional polyesters known from fat chemistry, such as e.g. Castor oil and its transesterification products are used.
- the suitable, at least two, generally 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 6, hydroxyl groups polyethers are of the type known per se and are, for example, by polymerization of epoxides such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, styrene oxide or epichlorohydrin or of tetrahydrofuran itself, for example in the presence of Lewis catalysts such as BF 3 , or by addition of these epoxides, preferably of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, optionally in a mixture or in succession, to starting components with reactive hydrogen atoms such as water, alcohols, ammonia or amines, for example ethylene glycol , Propylene glycol (1,3) or - (1,2), glycerol, sorbitol, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylpropane, aniline, ethanolamine or emylenediamine.
- epoxides such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, s
- Polybutadiene containing hydroxyl groups are also suitable.
- polythioethers are: condensation products of thioglycol with itself and / or other glycols, dicarboxylic acids, formaldehyde, aminocarboxylic acids or amino alcohols.
- the products are, for example, polythio mixed ethers, polythioether esters or polythioether ester amides.
- Suitable polyacetals are the compounds which can be prepared from glycols, such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 4,4'-di (hydroxyethoxy) diphenyldimethylmethane, hexanediol and formaldehyde, also by polymerizing cyclic acetals such as e.g. Trioxane (DE-A 1 694 128) can be used to produce suitable polyacetals.
- glycols such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 4,4'-di (hydroxyethoxy) diphenyldimethylmethane, hexanediol and formaldehyde
- cyclic acetals such as e.g. Trioxane (DE-A 1 694 128) can be used to produce suitable polyacetals.
- Suitable polycarbonates containing hydroxyl groups are those of the type known per se, which e.g. by reacting diols such as propanediol (1,3), butanediol (1,4) and / or hexanediol (1,6), diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol or thioglycol with diaryl carbonates, e.g. Diphenyl carbonate or phosgene can be produced (DE-A 1 694 080, 2 221 751).
- diols such as propanediol (1,3), butanediol (1,4) and / or hexanediol (1,6)
- diethylene glycol triethylene glycol
- tetraethylene glycol or thioglycol e.g. Diphenyl carbonate or phosgene can be produced (DE-A 1 694 080, 2 221 751).
- polyester amides and polyamides include e.g. those obtained from polyvalent saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acids or their anhydrides and polyvalent saturated or unsaturated amino alcohols, diamines, polyamines and mixtures thereof, predominantly linear condensates.
- polyhydroxy compounds already containing urethane or urea groups and optionally modified natural polyols such as castor oil or carbohydrates, e.g. Starch are usable.
- Addition products of alkylene oxides onto phenol-formaldehyde resins can also be used according to the invention.
- polyhydroxy compounds in which high molecular weight polyadducts or polycondensates or polymers are contained in finely dispersed, dissolved or grafted form. Modified polyhydroxy compounds of this type are obtained, for example, if polyaddition reactions (for example reactions between polyisocyanates and amino-functional compounds) or polycondensation reactions (for example between formaldehyde and phenols and / or A inen) can run in situ in the compounds having hydroxyl groups.
- polyaddition reactions for example reactions between polyisocyanates and amino-functional compounds
- polycondensation reactions for example between formaldehyde and phenols and / or A inen
- Polyhydroxyl compounds modified by vinyl polymerization such as those e.g. by polymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile in the presence of polyethers (US Pat. Nos. 3,383,351, 3,323,093, 3,110,695, DE-B 1,152,536) or polycarbonate polyols (DE-B 1,769,795, US Pat. No. 3,637,909) are suitable.
- polyether polyamines having terminal aromatic primary amino groups are accessible and terminal aliphatic amino groups and optionally branched polyethylene and / or polypropylene alcohols.
- compounds with a molecular weight of 32 to 400 are suitable as components with at least two reactive hydrogen atoms.
- this is taken to mean hydroxyl groups and / or amino groups and / or compounds containing thiol groups and / or carboxyl groups, preferably hydroxyl groups and / or amino groups - Send connections that serve as chain extenders.
- These compounds generally have 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 4, hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanates.
- mixtures of different compounds with at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms with a molecular weight of 32 to 400 can be used.
- Examples of such compounds are: ethylene glycol, propylene glycol (1,2) and - (1,3), butylene glycol (1,4) and - (2,3), pentanediol- (1,5), hexanediol- (l, 6), octanediol (l, 8), neopentyl glycol, 1,4-bis (hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane, 2-methyl-l, 3-propanediol, glycerol, trimethylol propane, hexanetriol (1,2, 6), trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, quinite, mannitol and sorbitol, castor oil, di-, tri-, tetra- and higher polyethylene glycols with a molecular weight up to 400, di- and higher polypropylene glycols with a molecular weight up to 400, as well as and higher polybutylene glycols a molecular weight up to
- Suitable aliphatic diamines are, for example, ethylenediamine, 1,4-tetra-methylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, 1,11-undecamethylenediamine, 1,12-doceca-methylenediamine and mixtures thereof, l-amino-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-aminomethyl cyclohexane ("isophoronediamine”), 2,4- and 2,6-hexahydrotoluenediamine and their mixtures, perhydro-2,4'- and 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, p-xylylenediamine and bis- (3-aminopropyl) methylamine.
- Hydrazine and substituted hydrazines e.g. Methylhydrazine and N, N'-dimethylhydrazine are suitable.
- aromatic diamines are bisanthranilic acid esters according to DE-A 2 040 644 and 2 160 590, 3,5- and 2,4-diaminobenzoic acid esters according to DE-A
- amino acids e.g. Glycine, alanine, valine, serine and lysine
- dicarboxylic acids e.g. Succinic acid, adipic acid, phthalic acid.
- 4-hydroxyphthalic acid and 4-aminophthalic acid can be used.
- blowing agents for the production of the polyisocyanurate plastics: blowing agents, further trimerization catalysts, further catalysts which, for example, catalyze the reaction between isocyanate and compounds with active hydrogen atoms, surface-active additives, cell regulators, pigments, dyes and flame retardants, further stabilizers against aging and weather influences, plasticizers and fungistatic and bacteriostatic substances and fillers.
- Blowing agents are volatile inorganic or organic substances.
- organic blowing agents are halogen-substituted alkanes such as methylene chloride or chloroform, chlorine- and fluorine-substituted alkanes or alkenes such as monofluorotrichloromethane and chlorodifluoromethane, and also butane, pentane or isopentane, hexane or heptane, and inorganic blowing agents, for example air, CO 2 or N 2 O in question.
- propellants as well as details on the use of propellants can be found in the Kunststoff-Handbuch, Volume VII, published by Vieweg and Höchtlen, Carl-Hanser-Verlag, Kunststoff 1966, e.g. on pages 108 and 109, 453 to 455 and 507 to 510 described.
- trimerization catalysts are those such as, for example, i Houben-Weyl "Methods of Organic Chemistry, Volume E20" Macromolecular Substances ", edited by H. Bartl, J. Falbe, Georg-Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart New Yor 1987, pp. 1741-1744, AAR Savigh Adv. Urethane Sei. Technol 3 (1974) 141 and E. Kresta, CS Shen, KC Frisch, Adv. Urethane Sei.
- alkali oxides such as lithium oxide, quaternary ammonium hydroxides, the combination of potassium acetate / Diethylene glycol, Mannich bases from secondary amines, dimethylamine and aldehydes, preferably formaldehyde or ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone or cyclohexanone and phenols, such as phenol, nonylphenyol or bisphenol, triazines such as 2,4,6-tris [3-dimethylaminopropyl ] Hexahydro-l, 3,5-triazine or Friedel-Crafts catalysts such as aluminum trichloride, based on the total amount of trimerization catalyst, according to the invention according to 10 to 100%, preferably 50 to 100%, particularly preferably 80 to 100%.
- the catalyst or the catalyst mixture is generally used in an amount between about 0.001 and 10% by weight, based on the total amount of the reaction mixture.
- Catalysts which, for example, catalyze the reaction between isocyanate and compounds with active hydrogen atoms are, for example, tertiary amines, triethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N, N, N ', N'-tetramethylene diamine, pentamethyl-diethylene triamine and higher homologues, 1,4 -Diazabicyclo [2,2,2] octane, N-methyl-N'-dimethylaminoethylpiperazines, N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, 2-methylimidazole, monoeyclic and bicyclic amidines (DE-A 1 720 633) and amide groups (preferably Tertiary amines having formamide groups according to DE-A 2 523 633 and 2 732 292).
- tertiary amines triethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N, N, N ', N'-tetramethylene diamine,
- Tertiary amines which have hydrogen atoms which are active with respect to isocyanate groups are, for example, triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, N-methyl-diethanolamine-ethyl-diethanolamine, N, N-dimethylethanolamine.
- catalysts are silamines with carbon-silicon bonds, for example 2,2,4-trimethyl-2-silamorpholine and 1,3-diethylaminomethyltetramethyldisiloxane.
- Organic metal compounds, in particular organic tin compounds can also be used as catalysts become.
- sulfur-containing compounds such as di-n-octyltin mercatide (DE-B I 769 367, US Pat. No.
- tin (II) salts of carboxylic acid such as tin (II) acetate, tin (II) actoate, Tin (II) ethylhexoate and tin (II) laurate as well as tin (IV) compounds, such as dibutyltin oxide, dibutyl dichloride, dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin maleate or dioctyltin diacetate.
- tin (II) salts of carboxylic acid such as tin (II) acetate, tin (II) actoate, Tin (II) ethylhexoate and tin (II) laurate
- tin (IV) compounds such as dibutyltin oxide, dibutyl dichloride, dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutylt
- Catalysts or the catalyst mixture which catalyze the reaction of isocyanate with compounds having active hydrogen atoms are generally present in an amount between about 0.001 and 10% by weight, based on the total amount of compounds with at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen compounds atoms, used. Further representatives of usable catalysts and the details of the mode of action of the catalysts are described in the Plastics Handbook Volume VII, published by Vieweg and Höchtlen, Carl-Hanser-Verlag, Kunststoff 1966, for example on pages 96 to 102.
- Surface-active additives are, for example, emulsifiers and foam stabilizers.
- Suitable emulsifiers are, for example, the sodium salts of castor oil sulfonates or salts of fatty acids with amines such as oleic acid diethylamine or stearic acid diethanolamine.
- Alkali or ammonium salts of sulfonic acids such as dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid or dinaphthylmethane disulfonic acid or of fatty acids such as ricinoleic acid or of polymeric fatty acids can also be used.
- Foam stabilizers are primarily polyether siloxanes, especially water-soluble representatives.
- cell regulators such as paraffins, fatty alcohols or dimethylpolysiloxanes as well as pigments or dyes and flame retardants, for example tris (chloroethyl) phosphate, tricresyl phosphate or ammonium phosphate or polyphosphate, further stabilizers against aging and weathering influences, plasticizers and fungistatic and bacteriostatic substances and fillers Barium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, soot or slurry circles can also be used.
- the reaction components are carried out in accordance with the known single-stage method, the prepolymer method or the semi-prepolymer method, and machine equipment is often used. Details of processing equipment are given in the plastic manual Volume VII, published by Nieweg and Höchtlen, Carl-Hanser-Vertag , Kunststoff 1966, for example, described on pages 121 to 205.
- the preferred internal release agent is the oleic acid or tall oil fatty acid salt of the amide-containing amine, which has been obtained by reaction of ⁇ -dimethylaminopropylamine with oleic acid or tall oil fatty acid or the salt from 2 moles of oleic acid and 1 mole of 1,4-diazabicyclo (2,2,2) octane.
- foams can also be produced by block foaming or by the double transport process known per se.
- Example 1 (Catalyst Composition 1)
- DMCHA dimethylcyclohexylamine.
- EDENOL Epoxy based on fatty acid with an epoxy equivalent weight of 470 (EDENOL®B36 from Henkel).
- Example 9 (Catalyst Composition 9)
- a mixture of 100 g of a polyether ester having a hydroxyl number of 290 mg KOH / g and an acid number of 5 mg KOH / g is heated, which is obtained by condensing 1 mol of phthalic anhydride with 0.8 mol of diethylene glycol and then reacting with 1 , 4 moles of ethylene oxide is available, 20 g of N, N-bis (3-dimethylaminopropyl) formamide and 6.4 g of phenylglycidyl ether at 100 ° C for 3 h.
- a brownish liquid is obtained which is used as the catalyst composition.
- Example 10 (Catalyst Composition 10)
- the specified amount of catalyst composition is mixed in a paper cup with 100 g parts by weight of epoxy / isocyanate combination resin, which consists of 20 parts by weight of a bisphenol A bisglycicdyl ether (epoxy equivalent weight 180) and 80 parts by weight of an isocyanate mixture (60% by weight). 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 40% by weight 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate) per 100 parts by weight of epoxy / isocyanate combination resin and determines the setting times of the mixture.
- Table 2 (setting times from example 11)
- Isocyanate 2 polyisocyanate containing urethane groups and having an isocyanate content of 29%, produced by reacting a polyisocyanate mixture from the diphenylmethane series with tripropylene glycol.
- the polyisocyanate mixture has a two part content of 80%.
- the viscosity is 140 mPa.s.
- Example 23 (Example of a Solid Isocyanurate Plastic)
- Example 3 90 parts by weight of ethylene oxide / propylene oxide mixed polyether having a hydroxyl number of 35 mg KOH / g started on trimethylolpropane, 10 parts by weight of ethylene oxide / propylene oxide mixed polyether having a hydroxyl number of 150 mg / KOH / g started on propylene glycol, 3 parts by weight of a mixture of 65% by weight of zeolite and 35% by weight of castor oil and 1.5 parts by weight of the catalyst composition from Example 3 are stirred, mixed with 200 parts by weight of isocyanate 2 (see Table 3) and cast into a plate with a wall thickness of 10 mm at a mold temperature of 80 ° C . The setting time is 47 seconds.
- Example 24 Example of a Solid Isocyanurate Plastic
- the mechanical properties of the casting plates from Examples 23 and 24 are determined.
- the casting plates have the following properties:
- the amount of polyol mixture specified in Table 5 is weighed into a paper cup. After the isocyanate has been added, the mixture is stirred with a high-speed stirrer at 2,000 rpm for 30 seconds and foamed in a mold. After 30 minutes, the foams are removed from the mold and placed in an insulated container preheated to 160 ° C. and cooled to room temperature over at least 3 h
- Isocyanate mixture of 60% by weight 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 40% by weight 2,4'-diphenyldiisocyanate).
- reaction components listed in Table 6 are weighed down to the isocyanate and mixed in a paper cup. After the isocyanate has been added, the specified amount is given with a high-speed stirrer. Stirred at 2,000 rpm and foamed in a mold. The cell size and structure are assessed visually on a scale from 1 to 6, with 1 being very good, 2 good, 3 satisfactory, 4 sufficient, 5 deficient and 6 inadequate.
- Polyester made from adipic acid, phthalic anhydride, trimethylolpropane and propylene glycol with a hydroxyl number of 213 mg KOH / g and a viscosity of 550 mPa.s at 75 ° C.
- Polyol2
- Ethoxylated polyester made from phthalic anhydride and diethylene glycol with a hydroxyl number of 300 mg KOH / g.
- Polyol 3 polypropylene glycol with a hydroxyl number of 56 mg KOH / g and a viscosity of 300 mPa-s at 25 ° C.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP92924682A EP0617710A1 (de) | 1991-12-18 | 1992-12-07 | Isocyanat-trimerisierungskatalysator |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP4141722.4 | 1991-12-18 | ||
DE4141722A DE4141722A1 (de) | 1991-12-18 | 1991-12-18 | Isocyanat-trimerisierungskatalysator |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1993012153A1 true WO1993012153A1 (de) | 1993-06-24 |
Family
ID=6447325
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1992/002825 WO1993012153A1 (de) | 1991-12-18 | 1992-12-07 | Isocyanat-trimerisierungskatalysator |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0617710A1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2123913A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE4141722A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1993012153A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6458860B1 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2002-10-01 | Huntsman Petrochemical Corporation | Advances in urethane foam catalysis |
US8119799B2 (en) | 2004-03-12 | 2012-02-21 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the production of polyisocyanates comprising isocyanurate groups and use therof |
WO2014003177A1 (ja) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-03 | 東ソー株式会社 | ポリウレタン樹脂製造用の触媒組成物及びそれを用いたポリウレタン樹脂の製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10001826C1 (de) * | 2000-01-18 | 2001-09-20 | Brueninghaus Hydromatik Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Regeln der Leistung einer verstellbaren Kolbenmaschine |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3620987A (en) * | 1969-11-21 | 1971-11-16 | Upjohn Co | Preparation of polymer foam |
US3745133A (en) * | 1968-02-05 | 1973-07-10 | Upjohn Co | Cellular isocyanurate containing polymers |
US3954684A (en) * | 1974-07-09 | 1976-05-04 | The Upjohn Company | Foam process using tertiary amine/quaternary ammonium salt catalyst |
US3986991A (en) * | 1974-01-30 | 1976-10-19 | The Upjohn Company | Novel polyisocyanate trimerization catalyst |
-
1991
- 1991-12-18 DE DE4141722A patent/DE4141722A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1992
- 1992-12-07 CA CA002123913A patent/CA2123913A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-12-07 WO PCT/EP1992/002825 patent/WO1993012153A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-12-07 EP EP92924682A patent/EP0617710A1/de active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3745133A (en) * | 1968-02-05 | 1973-07-10 | Upjohn Co | Cellular isocyanurate containing polymers |
US3620987A (en) * | 1969-11-21 | 1971-11-16 | Upjohn Co | Preparation of polymer foam |
US3986991A (en) * | 1974-01-30 | 1976-10-19 | The Upjohn Company | Novel polyisocyanate trimerization catalyst |
US3954684A (en) * | 1974-07-09 | 1976-05-04 | The Upjohn Company | Foam process using tertiary amine/quaternary ammonium salt catalyst |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6458860B1 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2002-10-01 | Huntsman Petrochemical Corporation | Advances in urethane foam catalysis |
KR100876826B1 (ko) * | 2001-06-01 | 2009-01-07 | 헌츠만 페트로케미칼 코포레이션 | 개량된 우레탄 발포제 촉매반응 |
US8119799B2 (en) | 2004-03-12 | 2012-02-21 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the production of polyisocyanates comprising isocyanurate groups and use therof |
WO2014003177A1 (ja) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-03 | 東ソー株式会社 | ポリウレタン樹脂製造用の触媒組成物及びそれを用いたポリウレタン樹脂の製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2123913A1 (en) | 1993-06-24 |
DE4141722A1 (de) | 1993-06-24 |
EP0617710A1 (de) | 1994-10-05 |
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