WO1991010773A1

WO1991010773A1 - Process for producing pulp

Info

Publication number: WO1991010773A1
Application number: PCT/JP1991/000048
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tomoaki Nishida; Yoshinori Kashino; Yoshimasa Takahara; Kokki Sakai; Ryuichiro Kondo
Original assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho
Priority date: 1990-01-19
Filing date: 1991-01-18
Publication date: 1991-07-25
Also published as: EP0464221A4; CA2049069A1; FI914357A0; EP0464221A1; EP0464221B1

Abstract

A process for producing pulp substantially without the necessity for adding a nutrient or a cellulose degradation inhibitor, which comprises treating the raw material in the pulping step with a microorganism which grows well in a medium containing lignin as a sole carbon source. Since the addition of a nutrient or a cellulose degradation inhibitor is indispensable in the conventional microbial treatment, the present invention which can dispense with the addition of these substances can achieve a remarkable cost reduction as well as an energy saving by virtue of the microbial treatment.

Description

- Specification

Title of invention

How valp is made

Industrial applications

The present invention provides microbial treatment in at least one of the pulping step and the bleaching step using a microorganism that grows well in a medium containing lignin as the sole carbon source. It relates to the pulp manufacturing method that is the feature.

The present invention also relates to a method for producing pulp obtained by treating a microorganism with a microorganism substantially without adding a nutrient or a cellulose decomposition inhibitor in any of the steps of the pulp production process. It is.

In the present invention, the decomposition of cellulose is minimized during the pulp production process by treating the olives with microorganisms that grow well on a medium that uses lignin as the sole carbon source. This makes it possible to produce loose pulp.

In the present invention, the use of a microorganism having excellent lignin-degrading activity and high selectivity substantially eliminates a nutrient source or cellulose such as glucose during the pulp production process. Pulping or bleaching could be performed without adding an inhibitor, and an extremely energy-saving and inexpensive industrial pulp production method could be provided.

Conventional technology and problems

In general, there has been a long history of research on pulp or bleaching in the production of paper and pulp by microorganisms. Is being conducted.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-46903 proposes a method for producing cellulose pulp by decomposing lignin using a microorganism capable of producing lignin-degrading enzymes under conditions that substantially degrade lignin. Is

However, in this method, the lignin decomposition activity of the microorganism used is extremely weak and the lignin decomposition rate is low, and saccharides and nitrogen are used to suppress the microorganism from degrading cellulose. The compound has been added and has not been industrialized yet.

? Phanerochaete chry sosporium t ^ ^ ^ ^ (7 'Fushi'-Ting was reported (Biotechnol Lett., About 37-353 (1979)), but the lignin decomposition activity is weak, and It uses a large amount of a cellulose decomposition inhibitor and has not been implemented industrially: a means for solving the problem

The present inventors have proposed a method of treating microorganisms without decomposing cellulose or pulp in pulp or bleaching by microbial treatment, and without adding a nutrient source or a cellulose degradation inhibitor. As a result of intensive research for the law, the present invention was able to achieve its object.

That is, in the present invention, if a microorganism that grows well in a medium containing lignin as the sole carbon source is used, wood chips, pulp after refining, and unexposed pulp can be substantially purified. Without adding a nutrient source or a cellulose decomposition inhibitor, valving and bleaching can be performed at extremely low energy consumption and at low cost. Description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an increase in whiteness,,, in the processing for 1 to 5 days in Example 5.

The microorganism used in the present invention is a strain which has been inoculated and cultured on a medium containing lignin as the sole carbon source and has grown well.

As the medium, an agar medium containing lignin as a sole carbon source in an amount of about 1 to 10%, preferably 2 to 4% is prepared.

In this medium, a source isolated from nature is dispersed at an appropriate concentration, cultured at 25 to 35 ° C, and if a colony showing good growth is collected, this is used in the present invention. It is an effective microorganism to perform.

The present inventors have already isolated -1148 strain (FER BF-1859) and NK-729 strain (FERM BP-1860), which are extremely effective microorganisms in the present invention.

The bacteriological properties of the NK-1148 strain (FERM BP-1859) are as follows. (1) Growth state in culture medium Medium Species Growth state Malt exgar agar + + +

Noresho 'glucose agar + + +

Wapec agar +

Sabouraud agar medium.

Synthetic mucoal agar + +

Y P S s agar medium 10 + +

Glucose, dried yeast agar + + + * 1 Medium pH 5.0 (before autoclaving) * 2 Medium conditions 28 ° C for 7 days

Note 1 3 Growth state

Fine s¾ +

Moderate + +

Strong + + +

(2) Physiological and ecological properties

PH range of growth (potato and dextrose agar, 28 ° C

4 days culture)

It grows around pH 3-9, but not at pH 2 and 10. The optimum pH is around 4-6.

Growth temperature range (Vallet's glucose agar medium, PH5, 4 days culture)

It grows around 10 ^ T45 ° C and does not grow at 50 ° C. The optimum temperature is around 28-37 ° C.

(S-phenolic-oxidase reaction (28.C, 4 days culture) Shows weak or negative.

Characteristics of the microbiota (potato and sugar agar, pH 5 28 ° C, cultured for 4 days)

It is white and r-shaped.

The bacteriological properties of the NK-729W strain (FERM BP-1860) are as follows. (1) Growth state in culture medium Medium Species Growth state Malt exgar agar + + +

Valley Shodo Agar + + +

Wapek agar +

Sabouraud agar medium + +

Synthetic mucoal agar + +

Y p S s agar medium ~ r

Bodosugar * Dried yeast agar + + Byeon * 1 Medium PH: 5.0 (before autoclaving) * 2 Medium conditions: 28 ° C x 7 days

Note 1 3 Growth state

Weak: +

Moderate: + +

Strong: + + +

(2) Physiological and ecological properties ''

Φ pH range of growth (potato and sugar agar, 28 ° C, 4 days in culture)

It grows around PH 3-7 and does not grow at PH 2 and 8. The optimal pH is around 4-5.

-温度 Temperature range of growth (Vallesh Budo sugar agar medium, PH5, 4 days of culture)

It grows around 10-32 ° C and does not grow at 37 ° C. The optimum temperature is around 20-30 V.

% Phenoloxysidase reaction (28 days, 4 days of culture)

Indicates positive.

€ Flora shape (Vallet sugar and glucose agar, pHδ, 28 ° C, 4 days in culture) White and hairy.

Fruiting body shape

'' Size: 2 to 5 mm in diameter

• Shape: Falling bowl shape (nose shape)

• 緣ゃ surface: 緣 is wound inward, the surface is yellow-brown and has brown hair all over.

• Pore surface: Light gray white, concave in inverted dish, with small bore

— Yes.

• Meat quality: Soft leather and almost white.

形状 Spore shape

The sausage form of about 3 to 4 X 1 μm, which is colorless and smooth _c The microorganism used in the present invention may be K-114 strain or NK-729W strain isolated by the present inventors. However, it is better to use selected isolates that can grow well without mutating or mutating them, using lignin as the sole carbon source, and also use lignin isolated from nature. Good isolates that grow well with guanine as the sole carbon source

In the present invention, the microorganisms that grow well with lignin as the sole carbon source include, for example, those having a whiteness of 45% or more without being used for bleaching unbleached graphite pulp and reducing the strength. Microbes that can bleach to more than 50%, more preferably more than 60%. The microorganism used in the present invention may be a medium containing lignin as the sole carbon source, a basidiomycete free from lignin, a cultivation medium, or a wood flour, a wood chip, Cultivation can be performed using any medium containing pulp.

-On the other hand, the types of pulp are roughly classified into the following three types:: ■ Pulp pulp made by mechanically processing wood into a fibrous form

2 Semi-chemical carbohydrate combining chemical and mechanical treatment

! l Chemical pulp from which most of the lignin has been removed by chemical treatment

The present invention provides a method for producing pulp from (1) to (3), wherein part or all of chemical treatment or mechanical treatment is replaced by the treatment with the microorganism of the present invention, thereby obtaining pulp equivalent to mechanical pulp. Degradation rate of less than 35%), equivalent to semi-chemical pulp (lignin decomposition rate of 35% or more and less than 75%), equivalent to chemical pulp (lignin decomposition rate of 75% or more) Pulp.

That is, the present invention basically includes the following processes.

A: Wood chips are directly treated with the microorganism of the present invention to decompose lignin components in the wood chips to produce unbleached pulp.

B: The pulp obtained by lightly refining wood chips is treated with the microorganism of the present invention to decompose the lignin component in the pulp to produce unbleached pulp.

C: Wood chips are treated with the microorganism of the present invention after mild chemical treatment. To decompose the lignin component in the pulp to produce unbleached pulp.

D: The pulp obtained by lightly refining the wood chip is lightly treated with chemicals, and then treated with the microorganism of the present invention to decompose the lignin component in the pulp. Produce bleached pulp.

E: Wood chips are lightly treated with chemicals, and then lightly re-refined. The pulp obtained is treated with the microorganism of the present invention to decompose the lignin component in the pulp and leave it unexposed. Pulp making _c

F: Unbleached pulp is produced by subjecting the unbleached pulp obtained by any of the above A to E to further mild chemical treatment and Z or mild refining treatment. I do.

The treatment of microorganisms in the above processes A to F uses microorganisms that grow well in a medium using lignin as the sole carbon source. These microorganisms can selectively decompose lignin components in wood and use the lignin in wood as a nutrient source. Therefore, the above-mentioned microorganism treatment can be performed without adding a cellulose decomposition inhibitor.

Regarding the degree of mild chemical treatment or mild refining treatment in processes A to F above, the unbleached pulp to be manufactured is either mechanical pulp, semi-chemical pulp, or chemical pulp. The lignin content is determined as appropriate depending on the lignin content, and also on the pulp in any case.

The microorganism used in the present invention is significantly more lignin-degrading than the known lignin-degrading bacteria. Therefore, in the present invention, the chemical treatment and the refining treatment in the conventional manufacturing process of mechanical pulp, semi-chemical pulp, and chemical pulp are replaced with microbial treatment.度合い The degree of refining processing can be greatly reduced. That is, the pulp production method of the present invention is suitable for producing high-quality pulp with reduced chemical consumption and energy saving.

Although the basic processes in the pulp production method of the present invention have been described from A to F, these are merely representative, and are merely representative of microbial treatment using the microorganism of the present invention. It is, of course, possible to appropriately combine these processes.

In general, unbleached chemical pulp and unbleached semi-chemical pulp have strongly colored lignin. Therefore, when these unbleached pulp are used for papers that require high whiteness, they are sent to a bleaching process that removes residual lignin and increases whiteness.

In such a case, the present invention decomposes and removes the residual lignin in the unbleached pulp by treating the unbleached pulp with a microorganism that grows well in a medium using lignin as the sole carbon source. Then, bleaching of the unbleached pulp is performed.

The unbleached pulp is unbleached chemical pulp and unbleached semi-chemical pulp according to the conventional method, and unbleached pulp equivalent to the chemical pulp manufactured by the microbial treatment method of the present invention. Any unbleached pulp equivalent to chemical pulp may be used. In addition, unbleached medicinal pulp produced by the conventional method and the microorganism produced by the microorganism treatment method of the present invention are used. The bleaching of the present invention can also be applied to unbleached pulp equivalent to recycled pulp, but a large amount of chlorine bleach is used for bleaching of unbleached and semi-chemical pulp. Therefore, application to unbleached pulp equivalent to unbleached chemical and semi-chemical pulp is effective in terms of pollution control.

In the present invention, the whole bleaching step can be a bleaching using the above-mentioned microorganism, but it can also be performed in combination with other bleaching. The bleaching of the present invention is highly safe because it is treated with microorganisms.

When pulping and z or bleaching, the culture of microorganisms is added to the tip or pulp without adding any nutrients or cellulolytic inhibitors to the tip or pulp.

It can be processed by adding about 1000-10Z100 and culturing at about 20-35 ° C for about 3 days to 90 days. At this time, it is possible to appropriately add a small amount of a cellulose decomposition inhibitor.

Example 1

A 50 mfi triangular flask containing 1.0 g of beech wood flour (60-80 mesh) and 2.5 πιβ of water was sterilized by heating at 120 ° C for 15 minutes, and then the NK-1148 strain (FERM BP-1859 ), Incubate at 28 ° C for 1 week, and suspend the obtained cells in water.

On the other hand, shea Rakaba grinding rig two down _{_{2.0%, H 4 H 2 P0}} 4 0.2% and 120 ° the medium containing 1.6% agar C, and sterility after heat sterilization 15 minutes sheet catcher Moltrasio ( Dispense 20πιβ into a diameter of 90ra £).

The above cell suspension was added to the medium and cultured at 28 ° C. for 2 weeks. A strain showing good growth was isolated and designated as isolate A. Isolate A is named NK-1148-3 strain and has been deposited with MIC as FERM BP-3220.

Example 2

The isolate NK-1148-3 obtained in Example 1 was heat-sterilized at 120 ° C for 15 minutes in a medium containing 1.2% of commercially available potato dextros® broth (manufactured by DIFC0). , And inoculated, and cultured at 28 ° C for 1 week to obtain a seed culture.

Example 3

In the manufacture of mechanical pulp, 1 Okg of pulp obtained by lightly refining beech pulp and 24.5 β of water were mixed, and sterilized at 120 ° C for 15 minutes. 0.5 kg of the seed culture obtained in Example 2 was added, mixed, and aerated at 28 ° C for 1 week, and then subjected to secondary refining to obtain high-strength mechanical pulp extremely energy-saving. I was able to do this. The properties of the obtained biomechanical pulp are shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1 Characteristics of biomechanical pulp

Example 4

Each of the NK-1148 strain and the NK-1148-3 isolate obtained in Example 1 was mixed with 10 kg of unbleached craft pulp (Ukkari) and 25 β water. The mixed medium was sterilized with TC for 15 minutes, inoculated, aerated at 28 for 2 weeks to obtain a seed culture.

Conduct ^ 5

In the bleaching of chemical pulp, 10 kg of unbleached kraft toluene (k-kali) is mixed with 25 β water, 120. C for 15 minutes, 1 kg of each seed culture obtained in Example 4 and 0.5 kg of Darcos were separately added, mixed, and aerated at 28 ° C for 1-5 days. At that time, bleached kraft pulp was obtained. _C increase in whiteness of the treatment period] ~ - 5 days of Ru shown in Figure 1

Rule 13bis.2 References to donated microorganisms

. NK-1148

Ii) The name and address of the ft organization that deposited the microorganism in question. Date of deposit

1987 May 23

The accession number assigned to the deposit by the high depositary institution

PERM BP-1859

. Porodisculus pendulus N K-/ 29

(A) Name and address of the depositary institution that deposited the microorganisms Name Address to the Research Institute of Microorganisms, National Institute of Industrial Science and Technology of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry

Date of deposit at the depositary institution

May 23, 1987

Accession number assigned to the deposit by the depository institution

FERM BP-1860

. NK-1148-3

(A) Name and address of the depositary institution that deposited the microorganisms Name Address to the Research Institute of Microorganisms, National Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Ministry of International Trade and Industry

Date of deposit at the depositary institution

January 10, 1990

Deposit numbers assigned by the depositary institutions

FERM BP-3220

Claims

ii marauder

In the process of producing valves from wood using microorganisms, lignin is the only carbon source in at least one of the pulping and / or bleaching steps. A method for producing pulp, characterized by treating microorganisms using microorganisms that grow well in a growing medium. A microorganism that grows well on a medium that uses lignin as the sole carbon source can degrade at least some of the lignin present in the wood chip. A pulp production method characterized by producing an unbleached valve by using

Microorganisms that lightly refinish wood chips to obtain pulp, and that lignin in this pulp grows well on a medium containing lignin as the sole carbon source A method for producing pulp, characterized in that at least a part of lignin present in the pulp is decomposed by microbial treatment using pulp to produce unbleached pulp. '

After the wood chips are treated with mild chemicals, the wood chips are treated with microorganisms using micro-organisms that grow well in a medium that uses lignin as the sole carbon source. A pulp manufacturing method characterized in that at least a part of lignin present in a chip is decomposed to produce unbleached pulp.

δ. Lightly refining the wood chips to obtain pulp, then lightly chemical treating the valve, and then converting the lignin in the pulp to carbon only Microbial treatment using microorganisms that grow well in the source medium A method for producing pulp, comprising decomposing at least part of lignin present in a valve to produce unbleached pulp. Wood chips are lightly treated with chemicals, then rerefined to obtain pulp, and the lignin in this pulp is preferably used in a medium containing lignin as the sole carbon source. Microbial treatment is performed using microorganisms that grow in the pulp, whereby at least part of the lignin present in the pulp is decomposed to produce unbleached pulp. Pulp manufacturing method.

7. The method for producing pulp according to any one of Items 2 to 6, wherein the unbleached halves are further subjected to a chemical treatment a and a refining after the microorganism treatment.

8. The method for producing pulp according to items 1 to 7, wherein the microbial treatment is carried out without substantially adding a nutrient source or cellulose decomposition suppression.

Unbleached pulp is subjected to at least a portion of the bleaching process in the bleaching process using microorganisms that grow well on media containing lignin as the sole carbon source. A method for producing a valve, characterized by producing pulp subjected to releaching treatment.

0. The process for producing pulp according to item 9, wherein the bleaching treatment using the microorganism is carried out substantially without a nutrient source or cellulose decomposition, and without adding an inhibitor. =