WO1991009513A2

WO1991009513A2 - The efficient structure

Info

Publication number: WO1991009513A2
Application number: PCT/US1990/007476
Authority: WO
Inventors: Anna Q. Stephens
Original assignee: Stephens Anna Q
Priority date: 1989-12-15
Filing date: 1990-12-17
Publication date: 1991-07-11
Also published as: AU7171391A; CA2049335A1

Description

THEEFFICIENT STRUCTURE

DESCRIPTION

TECHNICAL FIELD The consequences of various geopgysical events during the last decedes, including some major ear thquakes in Chile, Mexi co, Japan, Alaska, Washington, California, Russia, Iran, Morocco and China, along with new discoveries in the sciences of geology, plate tectonics, geophysics and seismology, as well as severe destruction in the aftermath of several hurricanes and other severe storms, including Hurricane Hugo, have stimulated public consciousness around the world to a realization that traditional methods of construction, long assumed to be edequats, need to be critically re-eveluated. Indeed, a concensus has developed that more effective and ever innovative methods of construction are needed that do not necessarily depend on those same familiar preconceptions. Parallel to this, in 1987, Dr. Anton Polansek, Professor and Research Engineer in the Department of Forest Products al Oregon State University, Corvallie Oregon, completed a research project that demonstrated that word timber hasexceptional characteristics of strength, resilience and hightensility, which together give it a greater capacity to resistearthquake demage than other materials. In a few years, thisconcept has gained some support since, recently, wood timber has been

m to be used again for structural support in highways and

bi an ides that would have been considered ridiculous three decades ago when a combination ofconcrete and steel were the materials of choice. However, the shattering inadequacy of the latter materials has been demonstrated by earthquake damage to highways and buildings, in California as well as in many other earthquake sites around the world. My invention attempts to use innovative and economical approaches towards both resolving some prior problems of timber construction as well as adapting certain types of common building structures so as to improve resistance to adverse seismit, geophysical and environmental forces and conditions.

The wood-timber ships (sail-, rowing crew, or steam- driven) used traditionally from earliest recorded history until the last century, illustrate one example of the strength of properly constructed wooden structures in resisting the dynamic forces of severe storms and waves with enduring durability (as long as they do not capsize and are not wrecked on the rocks), a concept to consider in approaching this invention. On March 27, 1964 in Alaska, "immense forces of planetary magnitude.., unleashed a spherical wave front of compression waves...racing from the break source at more than fourteen thousand miles per hour...in a Moment Magni tude (measures amplitude/energy release for cataclysmic earthquakes) earthquake with a scale of

...a new), built reinforced concrete

Penney's store... coliapsed,...." and many (frame construction ) wooden buildings disintegrated, with "roaring and tearing sounds, made by rending wood and screaming nails", wrenched to pieces; in Valdez, the dock with million worth of recently built buildings and a

were destroyed, but the Alaska Steamship Company's venerable old Libert, ship, the Chena, which had been moored at the dock when the earthquake

survived the wildly bucking thirty foot high shockwaves and the tidal waves. The Chena was battered but able to navigate to Seattle for repairs a weel later. ("On Shaky Ground", by John J. Nance, Wm. Morrow & Co.). Surprisingly, some structures survive better than others; analysis may offer clues for solutions.

BACKGROUND ART Ash or oak wood handles are often used for hammer and axehandles because of the strength and resiliency of these woods. Consider the proportional relationships involved in the materials and sizes of hammer or axe handles and heads, then the dynamic forces involved in applying the tools and the reactions to the blows. Timber must be used wisely because its greatest strength, under tension, is derived lengthwise from the combined ringlayers along the tree, not across the rings. For anyparticular species of timber, "its charecteristic strength depends on the square of the thickness, its stiffness depends on the cube of the thickness, its capacity for deflection depends on the cube of the length, and its ability to carry a load decreases as the span increases, but increases as the square of the thickness... Therefore, .... a given wood materi al, made twice as thick will be equally as strong over four times as much span but equ ally stiff over only twice as much span.... Wood is

times stronger lengthwise, up and down the tr ee, as it isredially, across the rings. A quarter-sawn board (lumber), cut across sapwood rings, will cup less (stay flatter , but is more easily broken." "Wood grows as a structural support tissue..." composed of particular cells specific to eachspecies including leyer's of interwoven highly tensile elongate fibers in arrangementsunique to sach speciel bondedby Lighin, aninherent elsetic malerial that adds to wood's resiliency. I

sound tree holds erect the great weight of the tree's crown of branches, leaves, flowers and fruit, often totalling many tons, but resists the enormous sideways thrusts of high winds, bending before them yet springing back promptly to regain the original position." "Wood, as a material, is, pound for pound, stronger than steel."

Frame construction uses lumber consisting of cut up strips or sections of logs for building elements. Log or timber type construction uses the whole log in almost integral form, its strongest format, after removal of the bark and the fragile newest exterior ring as well as shaping to form the profile. A log/timber-type building's structure has a form of construction similar to that of wood-timber hull ships, with courses of timbers assembled lengthwise horizontally to make a vertically wall.

Generally, the comparative procedures used for building log/timber structures and frame structures are (it is assumed that log components are shaped and cut to side at the factory, then packed in assembly order and shipped to site):

-----------------------------------------------------:-----------------------------------------------------------

BUILDlNG EARTH LOG/TIMBER BLOG. : FRAME BLOG. COMMENTS =================================:===================================== Foundation- both: perimeter, slab, pier or adapt to site

Wools- assemble logs cut lumber to fit locate window

& door openings fasten logs assemble framing

& nail in place NOT NEEDED assemble sheathing " " apply exterior siding " " apply insulation optional interior finish paneling

Floors- both: support beams, subfloors & finish flooring Interior- optional, parti- connect needed support tions as needed components Roof - both" fasten to walls fasten to wells

Doors/windows - install instal l Close to weather All other fittings, accessories, appliances and equipment are relatively similar for log/timber and frame buildings.

I. INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY:

Logs, timbers, beams and dimensional lumber offer a special combination of structural advantages for construction including greater tensile strength, cohesiveness, resiliency, and resistant stiffness compared to other building materials, so that these materials are generally recognized to be, in most respects, the strongest building materials. These characteristics are uniquely formed by trees' special adaptive growth processes (designed by the Divine Creator with technology that is still beyond mankind's capacity), which processes systematically form and adjust wood's structure, during a long growth period, to develop exceptional capacities to withstand a fairly severe range of geophysical and environmental stresses. However, there are also structural problems inherent in these materials because wood is not a static, inert, homogeneous material, but rather an organic structure which continuingly responds and reacts to changing climatic, geophysical and other environmental phenomena. Also, as these wood materials are used in structures, becoming subject to other structural difficulties, the problems of dimensional lumber are further complicated with a varied range of interdependent or interrelated factors. Usually, a single improvement or a few narrow modifications are not enough to properly solve such complex timber/structure problems, especially if the modification('s)s' scope is limited by covering only isolated circumstances that, in most real situations, would be inadequat or oversimplified. This patent presents a comprehensive, systematic approach toward solving various inter-reactive wood log/timber building problems and toward structurally enhancing the advantageous properties of log/timber building construction, by addressing all these intrinsic factors according to their inter-relations, in order to develop more efficient solutions.

As these problems are solved by the special features, components and elements in THE EFFICIENT STRUCTURE building system, this combination of innovative, supportive and improving elements and components facilitates more effective use of these exceptionally stress- and strain- resistant materials with their properties of resiliency, tensile strength, and cohesiveness for construction of structures that may thereby withstand moderate earthquake and other geophysical stresses, as well as structural and/or environmental stress, better than other similar structures of prior art construction, i. PURPOSES OF THE EFFICIENT STRUCTURE

Several innovative construction features of these exterior walls are designed to function synergetically in order to:

> enhance and synergetically magnify the intrinsic properties of tensile strength and cohesive wood structure inherent in logs/timbers, by means of improved and innovative joint (interface) shapes (profiles) assisted by reinforcing fasteners, so as to make logs/timbers more effectively resistant or adaptable to the shifting, torsion and warp stresses characteristic of long-term wood seasoning, structural compression and load-transfer effects, site land settling, environmental phenomena, and of moderate earthquake events; > minimize the tendencies of the wood in logs/timbers to check or crack from the combined effects of varying intrinsic wood expansion and contraction pressures as well as structural torsion, warp, strain and stress;

> minimize the propensity for deterioration of logs/timbers resulting from exposure to severe wet weather conditions;

> minimize the effects of seasonal or climatic factors which tend to adversely affect the materials and structure of the buildings; and

> systematically improve the buildings' structural strength, adaptability and resistance to externally derived stressful dynamic-forces by means of innovative uses of supportive, complementary and structural materials, elements and components, with effective specialized, combinative and/or interactive features.

LEXICON abut (verb) = to border; to be contiguous; to end at or to terminate at. adapt (verb) = to fit, make suitable, or adapt an instrument to its uses; to change so as to conform to new circumstances. adjust (verb) = to make exact; to make correspondent to or conformable with a standard; to order or regulate in accordance with a system; to settle into a satisfactory state. buttress (noun) = a structure serving to support a wall; any prop or support. buttress (verb) = to strengthen or brace; to bolster, support or uphold. center of gravity = that point in a thing around which its weight is evenly distributed, balanced or in equilibrium. counterbalance (noun) = any weight, force or influence that balances or offsets another weight, force or influence. counterbalance (verb) = to be a counterbalance; to offset. counterpoise (noun) = a force, influence, weight, etc. that balances or neutralizes another. countervail (verb) = to counteract; to compensate for. equilibrate (verb) = [fm. LAT. libratus, librare: to poise, weigh out], to balance or counterbalance; to bring into or be in equilibrium. equilibrium (noun) = [fm. LAT. aequus: equal, even; libra: balance, levelling;] A state of balance between opposing entities; a static or dynamic state of balance between opposing forces or actions. function (verb) = one of a group of related actions contributing to a larger action; to perform in a required or expected manner; to have some use. function (math. ) = relationship that assigns to each element of one set, one and only one element of the same or another set. function = (noun) something that depends on, varies with something else.

Integration = the process by which individual parts or elements are put or brought together to complete or elements are put or brought together to complete the unified whole. interface (noun) = a surface that lies between two parts of matter or space and forms their common boundary; a point or means of interaction between two systems, disciplines, assemblies, groups, mechanisms, or things, etc. interface (verb) = to interact with another system, discipline, assembly, group, mechanism, etc. joint (noun) = the place or part where, or manner in which, two things are joined or united;

(architecture) the surface of contact between two bodies that are held firmly together by means of some binding agent or by superincumbent weight. joint (adverb) = united in action, relation or interest; concurrent. load (noun) = the weight borne up by a structure;

(mechanics) the external resistance offered to an engine or operative component by the mechanism that it is operating. moderate (verb) = to make or become less severe, intense or violent; to reduce, lessen, temper or restrain; SYN.: regulate, control, govern. neutral axis = (mechanics) the line or plane along which neither tension nor compression is operative, pivot (noun) = something upon which something else turns or depends; a central (or centric) part or point; any person (military) or thing on which another thing, matter or formation turns. proximate (adv.) = nearest or next in space, order, time, etc.; closest. relation (noun) = something in common by means of which two quantities may be compared; any dependence of one quantity upon another; a proportion or ratio; the direct conformity to or interdependence between, each and\or various other, individual parts, elements or components within the whole entity or universal set. synergetic (adv.) = working together in cooperation. synergism (noun) = simultaneous actions of discriminate agencies which, together, have greater total effect than the sum of individual effects. timber (noun) = a large piece of dressed wood for building; dressed lumber equal to or greater than five inches thick. transfer (noun) = to convey, carry, change, move, pass or send from one location, object, place, position, surface to another.

REFERENCES:

"New Britannica-Webster Dictionary" Encyclopedia Britannica,

1981.

"Webster's New Universal Dictionary" Simon & Schuster,

1983.

"How to Design and Build Your Own House", DiDonno &

Sperling;

Alfred A. Knopf, 1978; Chap. 7, Building Materials, pp.

66-67.

II. COMPONENTS, FEATURES, PROCEDURES FOR THE SYSTEM: This patent's principal innovations, advantages and improvements proceed from particular features and elements, such as basic A-Shape element innovations and improvements (see text section II.A.l.a.-g.), other innovative log/timber elements with the components' complete innovative shapes, profiles and functions (see A.2.-14.), other EFFICIENT STRUCTURE innovative or improved interrelated components (see II.B.1.-16.), and from combined interactions (see text section III.) as all these components are constructed into synergetic structural assemblies with synergistic systemic features and relations:

NOTE: The descriptions of innovatively designed, improved and/or engineered major components, functions and features, detailed herein, must implicitly include those typical supplementary items that are often necessary for completion of a structure, such as compatible fittings, selection of appropriate materials or finishes, contributory standard accessories, auxiliary minutiae, and any practically related and/or subordinate modifications, including those that become evident during the course of development, or that may otherwise be found to be necessary:

- for optimization of materials, components or products,

- for secondary

..technical,

.. legal,

.. structural,

..manufacturing, or ..construction improvements, - and/or for specialized

..client,

..use,

..design,

..legal,

..site,

..marketing,

..economic, and/or

..environmental requirements.

. . . . . . . .

A. EFFICIENT STRUCTURE LOG/TIMBER COMPONENTS: /A1, /B - /G 2: a - n & (1-14)

Among the special or innovative components, subsystems, fittings, functions and features which contribute to the exceptional durability, structural stability, resiliency and tensile strength of the "EFFICIENT STRUCTURE Building System" by solving various problems of log/timber structures (previously described herein in the STATE OF PRIOR ART section) are:

EFFICIENT STRUCTURE A-SHAPED LOG/TIMBER COMPONENTS /A1, /B2 a->(1)->b, g->(5)->f 1. The principal EFFICIENT STRUCTURE innovative log/timber components have specially shaped profilis (shapes) which resemble asymmetrical six or eight-sided polygons, (i.e. modified hexagons or octagons). Both principal log/timber components include A-Shaped interface (joint) elements. The component that resolves problematical circumstances has A-Shaped joint elements in an asymmetrical, vaguely octogonal log/timber profile which is modified by inverting two angles so that joints' bottom side/angle/- side/angle/side become parallel to the top side/angle/side/- angle/side (component 2 in illustration /B). The simpler, economical component 1 in illustration /A, has only parallel congruent plain. A-Shapes (side/angle/side) in the joint sections. A hexagonal or octagonal component is closely similar to a raw log's circle shape, resulting in less waste and lower product cost. This is particularly true because both forms of EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components can be made from 10 to 12 inch tapered diameter peeled raw logs (from second growth or scrub logs rather than the higher quality wider diameter logs which require longer time for growth) to yield a finished product with a 7 to 9 inch shaped depth (may be larger if required) of dual purpose 'built-in' denser insulation and better structural strength than would be true for the equivalent final product in a conventional framed building wall. So, all in all, conventional construction methods require much larger, higher quality/ more costly logs that can be cut down to structurally sound, smaller pieces, these assembled pieces then need to be further interlined with other insulation (that tends to sag and deteriorate more over time), and furthermore, all of these frame construction finished products also require more expensive inputs -- including different specialized and/or higher-skilled manufacturing and construction processes, as well as more energy consumption, assembly time and total labor -- than is true for this EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber building system. Features of EFFICIENT STRUCTURE A-Shaped Joint/Interfaces a. Consequent to their A-Shape, applications of the log/timber component profiles include the A-Shape's advantageous structural functions and effects as modified to act in combination with inherent log/timber heartwood (core), grain strength, and fibral length, wood structure, tensility and cohesion characteristics in such ways that inherent or operative difficulties are compensated for or overcome. In both EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component profiles, the shape of the top joint facets and intervening vertices are parallel, complementary and congruent with the bottommost joint facets and intervening vertices. Thus, with any two of the same type of log/timber components, the bottom joint facets on one component fit easily (see /C and /D) onto the top facets of the other log/timber component, making an interface. In addition to two or three joint-facets, the profiles of each of the two log/timber component joints also are shaped to have a joint-related, plumbed-true vertical interior facet (/A and /B 2d), as well as a special-purpose beveled exterior facet /A, /B: 2h, (or optional exterior design-styles of original round rustic or vertically flat timber -- a plank or block -style, for /D2h exterior facets on both types of component). Optional component 1, the plain A-Shaped log/timber, is a more economical A-Shaped log/timber component in terms of manufacturing cost. But, although the plain A-Shape profile offers considerable improvements over other log profiles currently in common use, it has some remaining structural disadvantages. Therefore, to solve more complex problems caused by extraordinary yet frequently occurring structural, geological, environmental or specialized use situations, the most economical EFFICIENT STRUCTURE PLAIN A-SHAPE interface is also further adapted and innovatively improved in the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESSED A-SHAPE joint/interface, so as to more comprehensively solve the combined difficulties presented in complex cases as well as for easy environment/low budget situations, by means of the range of features in these log/timber components.

EFFICIENT STRUCTURE Plain A-Shaped Log/Timber Components

/A 1: (2)->a->(1)->b->(3) // (6)->g->(5)->f->(7), (5)=>

! =>(1) b. The reciprocal A-Shaped, joint/interface elements are the most important elements in these log/timber components for the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE Log/Timber Building System. The EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components should be manufactured with precision in order to maintain consistent vertical structural linearity between all components to be assembled. Accordingly, each raw, peeled log is first cut, lengthwise (with a timber- sized band-saw or high-quality plywood blade) so that it may be plumbly vertical along its length, to form the component's interior wall facet (by removing that portion of the log's round surface, the tapering surplus, and other naturally uneven excess areas on this section of the raw log). This processing is done in such manner that this cut establishes each component's interior facet as the base plane of reference with consistent plumb verticality that will relate to other interface facets on each and every log/timber component in a building.

Then, the A-Shaped (/A 1: (2)->a->(1)->b->(3) and (6)->g->(5)->f->(7), as well as /B 2: (2)->a->(1)->b->(3a) and (6)->g->(5)->f->(7)) joint/interface elements can be shaped to establish a consistently precise integral structural form relative to that plumbly vertical interior facet within each component. This is accomplished when A-shapes are cut in accordance with appropriate general criteria, in particular that the A- Shaped elements be positioned on each and every log so as to be consistently located relative to the interior side facet's plumb verticality both with respect to continuity of vertical and (perpendicular) horizontal structural linearities for all components in a building. Thus, the A-Shaped elements are cut (with best quality plywood blades or equivalent) in this precisely consistent manner for all the log/timber components in a building, although the precise A-shape angle and size can be varied, from one building to another, as may be appropriate for requirements of particular circumstances or projects (logs may have wider diameters that allow larger 'A's, and/or A-angles may be obtuse, right or acute, cut to be shallow or deeper, and skewed or symmetrical). Thus, the A-shapes are cut into each raw peeled log as it is saw-shaped by two parallel pairs of bevel-cuts, each pair of cuts forming an angle vertex with two sides ( Λ : A-Shape), each 'A' cut reciprocatively on or into the log, with one 'A' protruding at the log top and the other indented into the log bottom:

The first simple A-Shape for component 1, in illustration /A, is made by one pair of bevel-cuts (/, \ ), angled inward and upward from two points (/A1 (2), (3)) (that may, between these two points, figuratively describe a straight line perpendicular to the previously cut plumb-vertical interior facet of the component) on the lower outside surface of the raw peeled log circumference. These bevelled 'A'-cuts are made through the sapwood ring layers /B2(10), to the A-Shape angle vertex /Al(l) below the strong central core, so that the cuts end together at a point near the heartwood (core) /B2(9) of the log. The second A-Shape is made by two bevel-cuts (/A1 (5)->(6), (5)->(7)), angled outward and downward from the vertex /Al(5) on the topmost point on the implicitly polygonal log/timber, so that each side of the upper A-Shape, respectively, is parallel to that side of the lower A-Shape. These two pairs of cuts make two specially cut, reciprocal A-Shapes (inversely shaped relative to the log --one protrudes on the top while the other indents the bottom) each 'A' parallel to the other (/A1: (6)->g->(5)->f->(7) : (2)->a->(l)->b->(3) ) on each simple A-Shaped log/timber component, /Al. A-Shape Adjusts to Changes of Dimension and Position c. Thus, when two simple A-Shape log/timber components are set one over the other, these A-Shaped joints (of the joint/interface) fit together, top to bottom, to make a structural joint/interface. This log/timber joint/interface with simple A-Shape profile /A1 is an improvement over Prior Art because A-Shaped joints easily readjust by sliding into new positions at slightly shifted, alternatively multi-directional angles that are stabilized/limited by adaptable locking

= != A-vertices (unlike Flat, Swedish Coped or Hand-Scribed joints with no limiting elements to stop slippage). They adjust to maintain a closed joint without gaps open to weather, as compression pushes adjunctive A-Shapes to a state of mutual resistance, so joint-surfaces SLIP INTO POSITIONS ADAPTED TO LOCALIZED CHANGES OF INTERFACE FACET SURFACES (unlike unadaptive Tongue and Groove-type joints, based on rigid construction, which 'pop' out of position or break from warping or torsion when logs react adversely). Caulked A-Shape Keeps Joint Closed to Weather d. A-Shape joint/interface facets, (see /A, /C, /D: a->(1)- ->b, g->(5)->f), with exterior-facing bevelled upward-running facets a and g, and interior-facing bevelled facets b and f, compose a primary instrument in forming an adaptive, strong, weather-resistant and tightly closed exterior jointing. These attributes are further enhanced by application of thermally nonreactive, waterproof caulk /C8 to seal out moisture along the exterior joint-edge (/B2 g-(6)), and by placement of moistureproof, insulating and cushioning sheeting /C9, centred lengthwise along the vertex areas (/B2, /C: 2 g->f) on the log/timber component, to fill temporary small spaces between A-Shape joint faces.

A-Shape Relieves Inner Fibral Stress e. Another advantage of the A-Shaped joint is that lower A-Shape cuts in the log towards the core /Al, reduce tendencies to cause log/timber-weakening checks and cracks from conflicting divergeant internal pressures among varied grain fibral structures between ring layers, core, and other local structural variations in each timber. Divergeant pressure and stress varies with logs' particular intrinsic wood density and grain texture characteristics intensified by localized distinct fibral reactions as subject to moist, dry or other environmental conditions. So, pressures and stresses inside logs are relieved by cutting straightly and smoothly across the ring-layers and opening the A-space to release reactive divergeant stresses in varying densities of wood grain within the sapwood striae (rings). These cuts end in a neat vertex that is stabler than the prior method of kerfing, a jagged axe cut into the log to release internal pressures, (which kerfing often spread to become cracks or splits if there were other pressures or stresses on components).

Log/Timber Dimensions Adapt to Site/Use Requirements f. The A-Shape dimensions, the general length of the components and/or the size of the A-angle vertices, depend on the types of wood or particular site requirements involving such considerations as appropriate log diameters to be used for varying climatic conditions ranging from Alaska to Texas, or considerations of how much adverse environmentally or geophysically caused stress there may be at the building site. Where geophysical and/or environmental circumstances at any particular building site are not adverse, and IF OPTIMUM ECONOMY IS A PRIMARY CONSIDERATION, and IF THE STRUCTURE IS A SIMPLE ONE-LEVEL design, this plain A-Shape interface log/timber component profile may suffice to construct a stabler structure than those of Prior (log structure) Art because, with favorable conditions, it improves upon those cited structural aspects of Prior Art to solve a few of many LONG-UNSOLVED LOG STRUCTURE ENVIRONMENTAL REACTION (known as 'MOVEMENT') PROBLEMS. But, in adverse site situations the A-SHAPED JOINT may maintain a really SECURE connection (/A, /D 1

(1->a->(2)//(5)->g->(6)) that is FIXED (1 (5)=>!=>(1)) by the adjoined vertices ONLY IF and WHEN this JOINT/INTERFACE is SUPPORTED BY the buttressing JOINT-LEDGES (see A.2. below, /B2 (3)->c->(4), (7)->e->(8)) so that severe downward/outward stress does not cause components to crack or split. Disadvantage: Potential Vertex Split from Stress g. Although the simple A-Shaped joint has some special structural adjustability and moderativity advantages, unfortunately, most kinds of stressful forces (such as warp-caused torsion, seismic or structural displacement (settling or imbalance), cumulative weight and load-transfer conditions and/or multi-story cumulative weight compression) would tend to cause the simple A-Shaped log/timber component to eventually split from the vertex (the way a wedge is used to split a firewood log). Another potential and related problem is that these stressful forces might cause separation between the log/timber layers or rings in certain wood species. Damage is likely because nothing limits or controls downward/outward-slide pressure effects which the A-Shape's sloping open facets (/A1 (2)->(1)->(3)) have in these joints/interfaces. Where site conditions or structural requirements are more demanding, other features that comprehensively solve these problems and difficulties must be added into an improved A-Shape combination log/timber component profile (see 2.a.-e. immediately below).

SELF-ADJUSTING JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESSED A-SHAPE COMPONENTS

/B, /C, /F 2: (7)->e->(8) top, & (3)(a)->c->(4) bottom; e=>!=>c

2. The EFFICIENT STRUCTURE best, innovative and improved, buttressed A-Shape log/timber component, /B2, has a different and purposeful composite profile shape with several unique and important features that improve Prior Art log construction, which features solve (particularly in conjunction with other components in the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE building system) most or all persistent problems of log/timber buildings. As shown in /B, /C, /D, /F, and /G with this more complexly shaped log/timber component, 2, the two A-Shaped, a->(1)->b, g->(5)->f, joint sections, (g->(5)->f / a->(1)->b) of component /B 2, are shaped, initially, by two pairs of bevel-cuts. For all log/timber components in one building the precise angle and side dimensions of all bevel cuts may be consistently changed to a slight degree (subject to the size of the raw log) if such changes are necessary to fit special structural requirements, as long as a consistent shape related to plumbed square linearity is kept for every joint/interface on all the components for one building.

Manufacturing the Joint-Ledge Buttressed A-Shape a. In order to accomplish such CONSISTENCY OF PLUMB VERTICAL LINEARITY FROM EACH COMPONENT TO ALL OTHERS IN THE STRUCTURE, all joint/interface elements should be shaped to establish a consistently precise integral structural form relative to that plumbly vertical interior facet within each component. First, each raw, peeled log must be cut vertically along its length (with a timber-sized band-saw or high-quality plywood blade) to form the component's climate-protected stabler interior wall facet in such a way that this may be plumbly vertical along its length, (by a straightening removal of the excess portion of the log's round surface, the tapering surplus, and other naturally uneven excess areas on this section of the raw log). Sawn in such manner, this facet of the component establishes a base plane-of- reference with consistent plumb verticality that will be consistently related to every interface facet on each and every log/timber component in a given building.

Next, the two JOINT-LEDGE Interface elements, (top: (8)->e->(7) and bottom: (4)->c->(3a)) at the top and bottom of this log/timber component /B2, are cut to be exactly PERPENDICULAR to the plumb vertical interior wall facet so that EACH LEDGE (horizontal plane) will be TRUE LEVEL (the upper ledge element is parallel to the lower ledge element). The joint-ledge section of the log/timber component is composed of a top level horizontal (side) plane that perpendicularly adjoins the vertical interior wall (side) plane, while the interior wall facet's lower border adjoins the joint-ledge's horizontal bottom (side) plane, so that these three (sides) planes together compose the joint-ledge section (that adjoins the A-shape section).

Thus, two special-purpose interface sections combine to make-up the integral profile of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE Buttressed A-shape log/timber component. The A-shape section includes the exterior facet along with the top protruding and bottom indented A-shape elements. The joint-ledge section is a rectangular three-dimensional block-shaped portion extending along the length of the log/timber component's interior and making up about five-twelfths to one-half of the depth of the component, exact proportions depending on structural requirements appropriate for the specifics of each project. To accurately complete the interface, ALL joint elements must be cut in accordance with the relative, analogous structural criteria described above. In particular, the A-shaped joint elements on the exterior section should be positioned (on each and every log/timber component for a particular structure) so that they will be consistently dimensioned, aligned, shaped and located relative to interior joint-ledge sections' plumb verticality, in accordance with figurative continuity of both vertical and (perpendicular) horizontal structural linearities.

The A-Shaped joint/interface elements ( /B 2: (2)->a->(1)->b->(3a) and (6)->g->(5)->f->(7)) must also be shaped to establish a consistently precise integral structural form relative to that plumbly vertical interior facet within each component, although the precise A-shape angle and size can vary to be appropriate for requirements of particular circumstances or projects (logs may have wider diameters that allow larger 'A's, and/or A-angles may be obtuse, right or acute, cut to be shallow or deeper, and be skewed or symmetrical). The A-Shape elements are saw-shaped by two parallel pairs of bevel-cuts (/, \), each pair of cuts forming an angle vertex with two sides ( Λ : A-Shape). Each 'A' is cut reciprocatively on or into the log, with one 'A' protruding at the log top and the other indented into the log bottom, as their two respective positions and dimensions are based on the structurally related horizontal and vertical linearities of the joint-ledge section.

First, the log/timber component's top A-shape is cut (with large timber-bandsaw, best quality plywood blades or equivalent) in this precisely consistent manner, with two bevel-cuts, (5)->g->(6) and (5)->f->(7), angled downward from the topmost vertex (5) on the raw, peeled log circumference, cutting to and ending at points (6) and (7) to shape facets g and f of the joints. Next, the second modified A-Shape, /B2 g->(5)->f, is sawn from (2) to (1) and from (3)(b) past (3) (a) to the angle vertex at (1) near the strong core /B2 ( 9), cutting toward but usually not into the heartwood 2(9) of the log (depending on particular wood species' characteristics).

These last pairs of cuts for the two A-Shapes, complete two_Buttressed_A-Shape_joint/interface_elements (/B, /C, /F 2: (2)->a->(1)->b-> {(3)->c->(4)}, (6)->g->(5)->f-> {(7)->e->(8)}) with forms reciprocally parallel to each other on the log's top and bottom. With such consistency of linear relationships between similar or interactive elements on all log/timber components, these joint/interface elements are made to maintain the same precise integrated structural form to be consistent for all EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT log/timber components in a building, to minimize fundamental structural discrepancies before the occurrence of secondary climatic, geological and structural effects after assembly on sites.

Purposes of Buttressing Joint-Ledge Section's Elements b. As two log/timbers with Buttressed A-Shapes are assembled one over the other, (/B, /C, /D, /F 2: (2)->a->(1)->b->(3)-> {c->(4)} // (6)->g->(5)->f->(7)-> {e->(8)}) next bottom over previous top, they fit together to make a structural interface. BUTTRESSING JOINT-LEDGES', (/B, /C, /F: 2 c / e) lengthwise flat surfaces along each log's/timber's two inside joint edges, (/B2 (7)->e->(8)) top and (/B2 (3) (a)->c->(4) bottom) ACT to STOP FURTHER SLIPPING of the sloping A-SHAPES' SIDES, to support and to stabilize A-Shape elements in the interface. This buttressing ledge enhances the effectiveness of the A-Shape bevel cuts a->b, g->f, described above, by COUNTERVAILING THE DOWNWARD- /OUTWARD-SLIDE PRESSURE EFFECTS, which the A-Shape's sloping facets (/B2 g->(5->f / a->(1)->b) have on the vertex 2(1) and joint/interface. The BUTTRESSED A-SHAPE joint/interface elements, being SUPPORTED AND REINFORCED BY THESE NEW JOINT/INTERFACE ELEMENTS (/B2: {(3)->c->(4)} ->d-> {(7)->e->(8)}), are durably STRENGTHENED TO ACT SYNERGETICALLY IN COMBINATION with logs' or timbers' inherent grain and heartwood (core) strength, and WITH fibral length, WOOD STRUCTURE, tensility and cohesion properties, as they function more effectively in the following ways, SIMULTANEOUSLY:

A-Shape Relieves Lumber's Divergeant Internal Pressures c. This buttressed A-Shape log/timber component relieves uneven internal pressures that cause jagged log/timber- -weakening checks and cracks. Uneven pressures inside the logs result from (1.) disequilibrium stress on diverse densities of wood grain within the striae/sapwood, and/or from (2.) the varied reactions by localized, different individual textures of (/B2(10)) rings in the log/timber as these diverse fibre densities and layers are varyingly affected by climatic and seasonal temperature and moisture changes, and/or from (3.) reactions to various other kinds of structural stress. This component, designed for the innovative EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber system, solves problems caused by conflicting divergency and instability in cellular fibers and layers, by means of the two neat, angled (beveled) cuts, (/B2 (2)->a->(l) and (3)(b)->b->(1), across the sapwood rings /B2(10) and through the striations, of the grain toward the central core /B2(9). These beveled cuts open and release internal layers to relieve divergeant contraction and expansion pressures between the concentric layers /B2(10) of sapwood. SLIP-STOP Joint-Ledges Secure A-Shape Joint Element

2: (2)->a->(1)->b->(3)->c & (6)->g->(5)->f->(7)->e; II.A.2.b. d. EFFICIENT STRUCTURE components maintain a tight adjuncture of the joint/interface to stay securely closed to weather despite a wide range of effects from varying environmental conditions. The A-Shape (/C, /D, /F: a->(1)->b and g->(5)->f) and Joint-Ledge sections (see 2 (7)->e->(8) / (3)->c->(4) in illustrations /C, /D and /F), are optimally self-adapting to horizontal and vertical positional variations within the facets of the joints/interfaces in an assembled wall (see Illustration /G components 2). Gravity will continuously tend to pull, and compression will tend to push the buttressed A-Shape surfaces and vertices of the joints/interfaces together, sliding or shifting into a securely closed position at the point where the 'A's' lengthwise log/timber joint vertices ((5)=>!=>(1)) come together to stop the slipping. Because of the JOINT-LEDGE SUPPORT'S reduction of downward/outward stress on the vertices cut into components, the tight closing of adjunctive components holds true WHATEVER MAY BE the many LOCALIZED JOINT-SURFACES' POSITIONS IN respect to SEASONALLY VARIANT SURFACE CONTACTS between contiguous components (diverse unevenness that may develop, over time, at different localized points on the joint/interface facets). Likewise, because of gravity and compression, the buttressed A-Shape surfaces and vertices of the joints/interfaces will also tend to slide into that securely closed position, despite a wide range of moderate changes that may occur in positions between components: whether changes are due to expansion, contraction, warpage, shifting or compression, from seasonal climatic changes, geological settling and/or other structural stresses, and whatever the position-correlative variations of cumulative load-bearing transferred weights, (see the different positions of component 2, features g->(5)->f and a->(1)->b in illustrations /C, /D, /F, /G), may be in an assembled wall. So, gaps will not open to weather despite a wide variety of adverse (non-cataclysmic) conditions that may severely affect variant densities and layers of the wood grain and/or cause multiple changing positions of adjoining components. A-Shape Vertex's Stability Relative to Heartwood Core e. Furthermore, this buttressed A-Shape joint's stabilizing modifications better resolve structural problems as the Joint-Ledge's support reduces the amount of stress on the sapwood layers and heartwood core /B2(9), while the cut joint vertex B2(1) is reinforced by the central, structurally strongest and organically most stable heartwood, /B2(9). This leaves the strong heartwood core /B2(9), which is most resistant to decay, in adjoining position to actively prevent a jagged crack that unlimited stress or sudden dynamic force might open between the heartwood and the sapwood layers or at the juncture /B2(1), of the A-Shaped cuts (/B, /F, /G 2: a->(1),b->(1)).

A-Shape Joints' Slips, Shifts Allow Moderated Readjustments f. The buttressed A-Shape joint maintains structurally secure joints/interfaces yet minimizes structural strains, pressures and instability with STABILIZING SELF-ADJUSTMENT (/B, /C, /D 2: a->(1)->b // g->(5)->f; a=>!=>g, b=>!=>f) by the sloped A-facets' localized shifting and slipping actions. But these A-facet readjustment actions are stabilized and limited, maintaining a generally plumb structural balance through counterpoised support, by the Joint-Ledge. This stabilizing support allows adjustments that compensate for and moderate stress, strains, pressures and instability commonly caused by uneven, changing, and often unsymmetrical, inter-reactive, internal and external phenomena, including vertical, lateral, transversal, longitudinal, torsional and compressive tension, dynamic forces, imbalance or strains as well as other stress and instability aggravated by factors intrinsic to wood-timber composition (such as warpage and other inherent localized texture variations along the contact surfaces), and/or by variable climatic, geophysical and other environmental factors. Changes that cause this instability may be as common yet contrasting as three warm, dry, sunny days with an intervening cool night of heavy rain, followed by a freezing windy day and night, and the building will creak as wood components adjust and shift, from shrinking as they dry and then swelling as they absorb moisture, etc.

Locking Joint-Vertices Moderate, Limit Self-Adjustment 2:(2)->a->(1)->b->(3)->c->(4)/!/(6)->g->(5)->f->(7)->e->(8); {g<=>!<=>a /<=!!=>/ f<=>!<=>b} /!!/ ((5)/!/(1))+((7)/!/(3)) g. CONTROLLED ADJUSTMENT is accomplished by Joint-Ledge support and by limit functions derived from junctural INTERREACTIONS between A-Shape elements, flat ledge elements, and TWO LOCKING SETS OF VERTICES THAT COUNTERACT the A-shaped SLOPES' SLIPPAGE REACTIONS (/C, /F, /G: 2 a->(1)->b->(3)->c/ ! /g->(5)->f->(7)->e) as gravity and compression (or other forces) push unstable joint-elements to adjust into new EQUILIBRIUM states. As a result of these features and functions, except for cataclysmic events, as the different juxtaposed local areas of any two joint faces may vary at different times when wood reacts to inherent, climatic, structural or environmental factors, the buttressed A-Shape interface of these logs/timbers reacts to be structurally, vertically, laterally and longitudinally, self-adjusting and stabilizing BY ALLOWING SLIGHT, MULTI-DIRECTIONAL, LOCALIZED SLIPPAGES TO COMPENSATE (2: g<=>!<=>a, f<=>!<=>b) for areas of EXCESSIVE STRESS, for areas THAT SHRINK, OR SWELL AND PROTRUDE, OR for areas that may otherwise SHIFT out of line: COMPENSATING in each adjuncture of surfaces' loci BY SOLIDLY BRIDGING GAPS where the facie may not meet smoothly, BUT LIMITING SLIPPAGES BY THE RE-EQUILIBRATED DOUBLE-LOCKING (/!/) OF TWO VERTICES, 2: (5)=>!=>(1) /!/ (7=>!=>(3). So now, the A-Shape joint/interface, with buttressing JOINT-LEDGE, SUPPORTS and SECURES (!), as well as moderatingly adjusts the junctural abutment to structural changes caused by temporary variations from environmental phenomena.

JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESSES CONNECT A-SHAPES TO STRUCTURE 3. The JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESS SECTION is a SUPPORTIVE MEANS THAT strengthens and CONNECTS THE COMPONENTS

CONSOLIDATIVELY into the system BY INTERMEDIATING BETWEEN LOCAL DISCREPANCIES, STRUCTURAL LIMITS and REACTIONS to external forces -- such that consistent continuing vertical linearity is established between the log/timber components' vertical planes. This is achieved because: although A-shape joint sections may vary, each Joint- Ledge Buttress element is consistently shaped with true rectangular plumbness, so all the abutting horizontal planes should remain generally parallel to each other so as to keep assembled components generally perpendicular to the true plumb vertical planes of the log/timber components' interior facets, throughout all of a completed structure. Then, consistency of relative structural plumbness, with generally true horizontal and vertical linearity, is maintained throughout the assembled structure.

Buttressing Joint-Ledge Sections {/F2:(3)->c- ->(4)->d->(8)->e->7}, operate together with the metal bolted log/timber-fastening sub-system (/C, /D, /F: 2i(l)+2i(2), 3a+3b, 4, 5, 10) described in II.A.7. and B.2. with cushioning, flexible structural linking, reciprocal balancing and cantilevered reinforcing effects which combine to stabilize and strengthen the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber structural system. By these means, integrating, slip-stop Joint-Ledge Sections resist dynamic thrust and spread forces that might otherwise open gaps at the A-Shape juncture (/B2 (1)). Therefore, COMBINATIVELY, the Joint-Ledge Sections secure vertical, horizontal and lateral structural stability while they increase stress-resistant strength by their buttressing structural integration.

INTERIOR JOINT-LEDGE, ADAPTIVE EXTERIOR A-SHAPE COMBINATION

/F, /G 2: (2)->a->(1)->b->(3)->c->(4)//(6)->g->(5)->f->-

(7)->e->(8);

/C, /F, /G 2: (5)/!/(1) + (7)/!/(3), e=>!!=>c

4. The A-SHAPE ( /B2 a->(1)->b /g->(5)->f), along with the buttressing JOINT-LEDGE (c / e), features in COMBINATION together comprise the total RECIPROCATIVE supplementary joint/interface shapes (/B2 (2)->a->(1)->b->- (3)->c->(4) / (6)->g->(5)->f->(7)->e->(8)) of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE'S log/timber building components. As the EXTERNAL REACTIVE A-Shape elements adjust, adapt, moderate, and close exterior juncture facets during changes to maintain a secure exterior joint-seam closed to weather, simultaneously, each log/timber component in a wall is structurally stabilized horizontally and laterally by means of REEQUILIBRATING COUNTERBALANCE and COUNTERPOISE functions from the log/timber component's STABLER INTERIOR JOINT-LEDGE SECTION. The log/timber component's buttressing Joint-Ledge Section helps to vertically and horizontally stabilize the component because of structural relations that result from its rectangular shape and because it is located on the interior side of the log/timber which has less dimensional changes as it is protected from moisture and thermal extremes. The horizontally and vertically stabilizing Joint-Ledge elements are adjoined sequentially from foundation to roof, provide a secured unifying structural support-base. Also, these combined A-shape / Joint-ledge component profile provides a cohesively stronger neutral axis since its location is centered on the heartwood that is also at the widest uncut section of the component, thus improving centralized strength and stability for the component.

A-Shape & Joint-Ledge Transfer Loads to Wider Component Bases a. Together the above factors operate in combination to enhance transfers of interim weight/force accumulations from stable and unstable sources (live and dead loads, structural, geophysical and environmental dynamic forces and/or loads) through courses. The combination of various features related to the component's shape in the system also acts synergistically together to improve distribution of live and dead weight loads by spread from the initial weight-reception point at the (5) vertex of the joint/interface, transferring (=>) this weight and pressure (/C, /D, /F, /G: 2 a=>g =>h=>(11)->(2) and b=>f =>(7)->e->(8)->d->(4)->c->(3)) in a moderating outward and downward diffusion (ENHANCED BY THE WOOD'S EXTENSIVE FIBRAL TENSILITY AND STRUCTURAL COHESIVENESS characteristics) from one log/timber course to the next. This parallels principles which support use of wider footings at the base of foundation perimeters to spread the transferred concentrated cumulative load, and which support lowering of the center of gravity in racing cars to improve balance and countervail destabilizing dynamic forces. Also, "STRUCTURE CHANNELS LOADS down to the ground by the EASIEST PATHS REQUIRING THE 'LEAST WORK' from structural materials". Plan Calculations Help Solve Difficult Site Problems

2: b=>f =>!=>((7)->e->(8)->d->(4)->c->(3)) + a=>g=>((6)->h->-

(11)->(2)) b. In situations where the building site has different adverse environmental circumstances, critical tolerances may be calculated and structural allowances and modifications should be made, probably by using available structural engineering computer software (CAD or CAE). Some examples: heavy snow-loads may require wider A-angles, other sites may require narrower, deeper A-angles, others may require an increase in the joint-ledge area, some circumstances may require component lengths to be shorter or longer, particular wood species' properties for materials to be selected; all must be considered. Physical and structural principles governing construction planning so that a building is capable of withstanding its site's most likely problems (of dynamic environmental or seismic forces or of load transferance effects) are those commonly known to apply, in calculating interactions between magnitudes and concentration of loads at abutment loci with applicable dimensional distribution factors which include density (mass), depth, span, shape (profile), textural structure, tensile and resiliant resistance, and widened dispersion versus single point distribution of junctural load transfer, as well as diagonal load transfer. Diagonal load transfer factors in sloping adjunctures include diagonal, downward and outward thrusts: principles classically employed in construction of buildings from Gothic cathedrals to factories. Interior Joint-Ledge Stabilizes Reactive A-Joint c. The difference is that in cathedrals stress and load-transfer effects were greatest coming from the interior vaulted ceiling, mostly thrusting outward. However, in log structures many stress problems are caused by the conflicting instability of the structure's external component parts which continuously react to external phenomena by changing form and repositioning, (movement) since they change to a much greater degree than sheltered interior portions, resulting in warping and torsion. Therefore, in order to solve those typical log structure problems, the STABLER, CLIMATE-SHELTERED INTERIOR sections of the log/timber joint/interface (/F, /G 2: b->(3)->c->(4)->d->(8)->e->(7)->f) should be formed to adaptively support, stabilize, counterbalance and reinforce the EVER-CHANGING, REACTIVE EXTERIOR sections (/F, /G 2: (1)->a->(2)->(11)->h->(6)->g->(5)) WHILE EXPOSED REACTIVE EXTERIOR sections should be formed to safely accomodate their unavoidable movement. The BUTTRESSING JOINT-LEDGES along the interior of log/timber components successfully PERFORM these MODERATING FUNCTIONS, particularly since the fasteners [see Text section II.B.2.] are installed in these stable Join t-Ledge Sections to bind log/timber components together and especially increase the Joint-Ledges' buttressing, counterbalancing and reinforcing support. With the Joint-Ledges' stabilizing functions acting with the fasteners' cantilevered binding with countervailing action toward contrary forces, both act together to moderate the reactive external and internal forces, providing a unified stable supportive structure. Yet, cantilevering allows the unstable exterior sections of log/timber components sufficient range of accomodating adjustments for wood movement in logs.

Low Gravity-Center Component Resistant to Dynamic Forces

2: (2)->(4) > (6)->(8) d. In an assembled wall, the components' widened bases provide components with a lowered center of gravity that results in structurally stabilizing effects. As a result, adverse or disequilibrating outside dynamic forces or vectors, (such as gale winds) acting against each component (in a wall) are better absorbed by components with larger base dimensions and mass, with an overall stabilizing effect on vertical and systemic factors.

Also, in difficult cases at unstable sites, the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE'S buttressed A-Shape log/timber construction may advantageously be substituted for standard post and beam systems since increased severe instability or dynamic forces exacerbate their problems of tenuous equilibrium and compressive effects from concentration of larger horizontal plane loads (joist spans, floor and roof structure loads) transferred into narrower linear verticals (posts).

Joint-Ledge Interacts to Moderate & Counterbalance A-Shape

((/F, /G: 2 (7)->e->(8)->d->(4)->c->(3))) <==> ! <==> ((/F, /G: 2 (2)->a->(l)->b->(3)) /<==>!<==>/ (/F, /G: 2 (6)->g->(5)->f->(7))) e. These innovative structural improvements are achieved by the COMBINATION OF special FEATURES IN the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESSED A-SHAPE log/timber component, THROUGH the above-described INTERRELATED EFFECTS, as gravity and compression acting together with the buttressing Joint-Ledge (/F, /G: 2 (7)->e->(8)->d->(4)->c->(3)), and sloping A-Shape element ( (/F, /G: 2 (2)->a->(1)->b->(3)) / (/F, /G: 2 (6)->g->(5)->f->(7)) ) of the joints/interfaces, CONTRIBUTE TO INTERACTIONS THAT COUNTERVAIL EACH LOCAL DISEQUILIBRIUM AND LIMIT EACH ADJUSTMENT, to BALANCE, MODERATE, STABILIZE AND TRANSFER the interim structural WEIGHT/FORCE ACCUMULATION (from stable and unstable sources, other DYNAMIC FORCES AND dead and live LOADS) through each component in each course to the next course within walls from roof to foundation. The combination of EFFICIENT STRUCTURE features and functions INTERREACTIVELY MODERATES DISEQUILIBRIUMS, ADJUSTS, LIMITS AND REINFORCES, STRUCTURALLY STABILIZES and TRANSFERS the various types of loads relative to the effects of lowered centers-of-gravity on load transfers, FROM each JOINT-LEDGE buttressed A-JOINT PLANE TO THE NEXT ABUTTING PLANE THROUGH THE COURSES.

NON-CONCAVE A-SHAPE JOINT STOPS WATER, CONDENSATION POOLS (6)->g->(5), (2)->a->(1) 5. The EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component has a joint-shape which eliminates or MINIMIZES downward-sloped or CONCAVE AREAS within the external portions of the joint (/C2, /E2, /F2: (1)->a->(2)/(5)->g->(6)), since such concavities would allow moisture that seeps into the joint to collect therein, and/or would allow condensation to collect in pockets, consequently enabling the wood to rot within the joints, and/or the seasonal freezing of such moisture would burst dampened wood fibres with increasingly deteriorative effects on the joint/timber wood structure. The joint-shape features which serve to eliminate moisture-collecting areas include (/B2, /C2, /D2, /F2, /G2: (6)->g->(5) - (2)->a->(1)) the steep upward slope of the initial exterior section of the A-shaped joint (because water does not normally flow or run uphill), along with thermally non-reactive, waterproof caulking (/B8) applied lengthwise along the exterior edge of all the joint-seams between logs/timbers (which caulking prevents entry of moisture into the joint). In addition, both faces of the joint are shaped without any downward concavity into the exterior portions of logs/timbers (such as there may be in grooves -- for example, tongue and groove which is commonly used in other log systems) within which condensation may collect into pools causing rot, etc. Furthermore, the only other level area (but it's not concave) within the joint is along the (/B2, /F2: c/e) interior joint-ledge. This level joint-ledge is well protected from exterior moisture entry by the waterproof caulked, A-shaped upward protrusion (/B2 g->(5)->f) which composes about two-thirds of the depth of the joint-seam from the exterior side (/B2, /C2, /F2, /G2: (6)->h->(11)->(2)).

COMPONENT FACET OVERLAP SHELTERS JOINT FROM WEATHER 2 a->(2) / g->(6) & 2 h->(11)->(2) 6. Moisture protection is another feature in addition to the other special features and functions of the log/timber joint-shape, as listed above. The exterior facet of each log/timber is shaped in such form as to protect each exterior joint-seam from moisture. This is accomplished by formatting or cutting the exterior facet (/B, /C, /D, /F, /G: 2h) of each finished log/timber so that it is shaped at an angle with its upper area, /B2(6) indented while its lower area /B2(11)->(2) protrudes outward over the top of the next lower (/C2, /D2, /F2, /G2: (11)->(2)-> > (6)(a)->g->(5)) log/timber course a. so that its upper area near the joint and particularly the exterior joint-seam (2) > (6)(a)->g are protected from direct access by rain, even wind-driven rain. This protection is derived from the overlapping overhang (/C, /F (11)->(2)->(6)(b)) of the next higher log/timber course's components. b. so that rain and moisture falling on or beating against this exterior face (/C2h, /F2h) flow downwardly and outwardly along its surface, drawn by gravity, to drip off at /F2(11)->(2), /F2(11)->(2), at a distance away from and separate from the joint seam (/F2(6)->g, /F2(6)->g which is located at a higher and deeper position. c. also, if a client prefers a rustic-log exterior appearance, rather than a clapboard-style exterior, the above purposes can be accomplished by omitting the last cut (/B2 (6)->h->(11)) to leave the original outer peeled log curve (/B2 (6)->(12)->(11)->(2)) as the exterior style finish, leaving a similar protective protrusion over each lower course, with little or no loss in rain protection.

BUTTRESSED A-SHAPE JOINT COMBINATION EASES WALL-ASSEMBLY PROCEDURES

/C, /D 2: IV a->(1)->b ^ III g->(5)->f, //, (2)->a->(1) /!/ (6)->g->(5)

7. The special COMBINED FORM (log profile) of the joint-shapes greatly increases the ease of wall-assembly, as well as strengthening the structure. It is almost a SELF-GUIDED ASSEMBLY PROCESS (/C2 a->(1)->b->(3)(a)->c / g->(5)->f->(7)->e and /D2 (2)->a->(1) / (6)->g->(5)) because when a log/timber for the next course to be assembled is positioned over the previously placed log/timber on the last completed course in the assembled wall, as long as the new log/timber (/C, /D -IV) is lowered onto the top of the log/timber (/C, /D -III) in the wall with some degree of nearness, the moment the sloped indentation, IV-2a, in the lower joint-face of the new log/timber comes into contact with a point on the protruding slope, III-2g, on the upper joint-face of the top log/timber in place on the wall, gravity will tend to slide the sloping surfaces of the new course, -IV, into the proper secured position, on the previous course -III, atop the wall, with the parallel joint surfaces and adjoined congruent vertices fitting closely and tightly together. Similarly, when there are dimensional or structural changes slippage and other adjustments between the components are limited as gravity pulls the congruent vertices tightly together.

COMPONENTS LINKED BY FASTENER CANTILEVERAGE THRU TABBED CHANNELS

2: i, i(1), 3, 4 8. Each buttressed A-shaped log/timber has TABBED CHANNELS (/C, /D, /F, /G: 2i), for the reinforcing fasteners, which channels are drilled vertically through the BUTTRESSING JOINT- LEDGE, at intervals consistent with 'Code' requirements. Each channel 2i has a narrower diameter section /F 2i(1) to serve as a tab to aid in securing the log/timber by (/C, /D, /F / : 3) the reinforcing fastener bolts, which tab is cushioned by /C4 and /D4, moisture-resistant compressible washers, inserted between tab and fastennrs. These channels with tabs are formed by a two-step process:

(1.) First, each channel is drilled completely through, perpendicularly from /F2e to /F2c, upper joint-ledge to lower joint-ledge, with a drill-bit slightly wider than the fastener bolt-section /C, /D 3a, diameter, but substantially narrower than the nut-base diameter /C, /D 3b.

(2.) Then, parts of each channel are widened with a drill-bit somewhat wider than the nut-based fastener /C, /D 3b, and slightly wider than the washers /C4. This widening is accomplished by redrilling about ONE QUARTER OF THE WAY upward from c, and about ONE QUARTER OF THE WAY downward from 2e, leaving a tab /F2i(1) of the previous narrower diameter formed, from about one quarter of the way up from the bottom of the joint-ledge to three quarters of the way up, /F 2i(1A) to 2i(1B) (that is, a tab approximately one quarter to one half of the channel in depth, precise tab size depending on a building's particular structural use requirements, so that, in general, tabs are located one quarter of the channel down from the top ledge). In other words, these are cylindrical wood tabs that are formed integrally with the log/timber channels. Each tab has a center opening with a diameter that is slightly wider than the bolt section of the fastener, as well as a total width slightly wider than the washers. The tabs are drilled inside the wider channels /F2i(2) of the log/timber that are located at 'Code' intervals /D 6(1) to 6(4), along the interior joint-ledge /C, /F c->e, of the log/timber. Channel-Tabs Bind Courses and Structure Concurrently a. In general, these tabs /C 2 i(1), enable the reinforcing metal fasteners /C, /D 3, to concurrently fasten each new log/timber course -IV, securely to the previous log/timber course -III, as well as to the structure, by means of the vertical reinforcement fastener subsystem (see text II.B.2, and III. below, and illustrations /C, /D, /G VII- 2i, 3, 4) from foundation to roof. Different building sites, uses and structures may present different stress problems, depending on individual climatic, geophysical and environmental conditions. The greater the stress, the larger, in proportion to overall channel dimensions, the tabs /C, /D 2 i(l), should be, so that the tabs may withstand the applicable stress without breaking off, therefore the ABOVE TAB PROPORTIONS ARE APPROXIMATE.

Tabs Interact Simultaneously as Counterpoise/Fulcrum 2i(1), 2i(1)(A) to 2i(1)(B) b. The tabs along with the channels drilled into the log/timber components, as well as slack/ease allowances for the channels and the tabs, are essential elements among the innovative EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component's combinative self-adjustment features since they contribute pivotal binding support for interactive responsiveness to the interreactive localized linking, balancing, adjusting and moderating functions with the combinative moderating attaching means of connecting fasteners and washers. Thereby these horizontal log/timber components are adaptively linked from each cushioned wood tab to the next cushioned tab (horizontally and vertically) and held within a moderated positional range by the parallel vertical fasteners as these are braced against tabs within the wood channels. All these interactive features and functions of the innovatively shaped, channeled and tabbed log/timber components (when adjoined in a wall structure) along with the various vertical reinforcing, moderating, linking and securing functions of the vertically reinforcing parallel fastener subsystem, are combinatively structured to maintain general verticality adjusted, within a range (including channel and tab slack allowances), to plumb limits in relation to level at the foundation.

Joint-ledges, Channels, Tabs, Ease, Adjust Binding c. Thus, the log/timber channel-tabs provide crucial log/timber elements that act as an adjustable binding-brace by means of which fasteners can simultaneously moderate and attach components into the structure of the exterior perimeter walls. These channel-tabs, along with the stabilizing log/timber Joint-Ledges, operate in combination with the fasteners to adjust, balance and/or adaptively secure the log/timber components with Joint-Ledge cantilevered binding in counterposition to dimensional variations, component slippage and typical structural displacement. MODERATING SELF-ADJUSTMENT occurs as relative positions of immediate or proximate channel-tabs and channels in the log/timber components vary within the ranges of channel-ease and washer-cushioned play, relative to their changing horizontal log/timber positions, while they are limited and moderated by the fasteners' constantly plumb-vertical positions since simultaneously:

«the fasteners inside each channel maintain plumb limits, relative to the level foundation, while they > may ride freely within a channel (with no stress),

> may press against the channel at one point or at two diagonal points (with slippage, skew or warp stress),

> may be pressed down onto the channel-tab, cushioned by washers (with log/timber expansion or cupping), or/and

> may be braced up against the channel-tab through the cushioning washers, (with shrinkage or compression) <<as tabs function interreactively, each operates as a multi-directional pivot-point

> to locally link proximate components by adjustable means,

> to counterbalance (as a see-saw that has varying end-weights is balanced on a fulcrum),

> to help control the scope of movement/play within the ranges of channel-ease, washer compression, and fastener(s)' local and network vertical plumb-limits,

> to adjust by moderating structural plumb/square discrepancies (as the pivot/fulcrum balancing actions interreactively distribute linear discrepancies horizonally amongst proximate channels' and tabs' combined ranges of channel ease and play); and

> to stabilize the log/timber components (through the vertical and horizontal channel/tab ease limits and through tabs' component-securing means with systemically related support based on the plumbed-square joint-ledges' system-connected continuity), <<while, acting synergetically in these manners, the tabs operate as horizontal frame-elements that form a network of multi-directionally bracing pivot-bases, at the same time that the combined log/timber elements, washers and fasteners interact synergistically to counterbalance and moderate (non-cataclysmic) skewed discrepancies--

> transversly (pivoting back to front and/or diagonally up or down),

> coursewise (/G, vertical tab to tab), and

> horizontally (/D, adjacent tab to tab); also

> systemically (/D, /G: with the joint-ledges' generalized horizontality acting together with the fastener subsystem's parallel verticality to form a structural frame of reference within which localized variations may be accomodated).

<< thereby adjusting and controlling moderate divergeancies all along the lengthwise structural dimensions of these flexibly secured log/timber components.

Such self-adjustment features may be required because of effects on the materials, components and structure from varying intrinsic characteristics of wood, and because of reactions and interreactions by all of these to changing structural and/or external climatic, geophysical, and environmental conditions which cause stress or strain from warpage, cupping, twisting, checking, cracking, splitting, shrinkage, expansion, compression, slipping, shifting, torsion, tension and/or settling.

LOG/TIMBER COMPONENTS' SQUARE LAP-ENDS ALSO MAKE CORNERS 2, 21,22: j, k,..., w and x; (12), (13); 7.

9. The ENDS (/D-/F 2 , 21, 2 2 ) of the log/timber components, right and left when viewed from the exterior face /D, /E, /F: 2h, toward the interior face /C2d, may be cut to form square lap (L-shape) joints (/D, /E 2(12) and 2(13) j,k, ..., w, x), with square width and depth dimensions, including those end-laps used for forming straight-seam, or inside- or outside-corner joints. When appropriate for unusual use or site requirements, other log/timber component end and cornering adjuncture designs may be used. Each log/timber component's left end 2(13), may have an upper (or top-half) lap while each right end 2(12), may have a lower (or bottom-half) lap. So, v->m and p/k make an outside corner, and q->m and p/k make an inside corner, while q->m and p/k form a linear assembly. Easy Fit of Juxtaposed Component-Ends in Assembly a. These lapped joints are shaped in this form so that when each log/timber is placed into the wall, the end on one particular side of each newly hoisted log/timber would easily fit lapped OVER the preceding log's/timber's corresponding other end, that was already in place on that course. For example, if the site environment makes it advantageous for the structure's assembly to proceed in a counter-clockwise direction, then, the left end of the newly hoisted log/timber IV-2(13) would fit lapped OVER the right end of the adjacent, previously placed log/timber 111-2(12), already set into that course. This step is repeated for each log/timber component as it is assembled into position within each course. Lapped Ends Facilitate Consistent Assembly Procedures b. By these means, placement of each log/timber component would be SIMPLIFIED consistently throughout the CONSTRUCTION, since each log/timber is lowered into place by a mostly vertical path so that fastener bolt-ends are vertically threaded through the log/timber channels while each log/timber glides down easily and quickly fits into its position on the structure, as would a jigsaw puzzle piece that is put into its slot, to interlock into the jigsaw puzzle. This EFFICIENT STRUCTURE assembly sequence would facilitate an improved systematic construction procedure for all the log/timber components in each course because placement of each next log/timber IV-2(13), on the current course 111-2(12), proceeds (depending on site prerequisites in sequence from left to right or right to left) in a consistent sequence (in this example counter-clockwise) that continues the repetitive procedure in the same direction, with greater ease of assembly, until the walls of the structure are completed. Therefore, the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber construction system incorporates a variety of features and processes which promote quicker, easier, and more efficient construction procedures, with simpler yet more effective methods than most other prior art log building systems, allowing economies from enabling its construction to be made by less labor with lower skill requirements, to produce stronger more durable log/timber structures. Components' Lapped End-seams Protected by Weather-Shields c. Weather (air) infiltration and penetration of moisture into these end-joint seams is prevented by covering the seams with appropriately shaped, matching-color, moisture-proof WEATHER SHIELDS (/D 10,/J 20, see Other Components, below). Additional weather-proofing advantages may be gained by applying appropriate sealing compounds to the surfaces of the exterior section 2h, and 2(11) to 2(2) to 2(6), whenever severely adverse environmental conditions at the site, or particular wood-type requirements, suggest that such treatment is necessary. Perpendicular End-Laps Form Corners d. CORNERS (/E 2(13) / 2(12)), would be constructed by placing the new log/timber IV-2(13), so that it is horizontally perpendicular to the previous adjacent log/timber 111-2(12), (either placed toward the inside to form an outside corner, or placed toward the outside to form an inside corner, with the appropriate top-jointing end of the new log/timber IV-2(13), lapped perpendicularly over the corresponding other bottom-jointing end of the previous log/timber 111-2(12), in a similar manner to that described above.

Tabbed Channels in End/Corner Laps Arranged Similarly e. TABS IN CHANNELS of end- and corner- laps, /F 2 , 21 , 22 , (optional as required by site conditions) would be positioned so that each lower lap-end for end and corner joints has a half-height tab in the upper third of its channel while each upper lap-end has a half-height tab in the lowest third of its channel. During assembly, as the next upper lap-element is placed over the previous lower lap-element (perpendicularly for a corner) the two tabs are juxtaposed vertically, so the two adjoined half-tabs, with washers, are clamped together by fasteners in a manner similar to that for other channel tabs in the log/timber components.

LOG/TIMBER COMPONENTS' CONNECTIVE AUXILIARY ELEMENTS: 10. SECOND OR HIGHER FLOOR SUPPORT GIRDER POCKETS If there is to be more than one floor level to the building: for the second or higher floor level, girder- and beam- pockets (/H 2(14)) can be routed (at appropriate intervals and positions) into those specific exterior logs/timbers intended for those particular (log/timber components at floor/ceiling positions for second or higher floor levels) courses of the log/timber wall. Each girder pocket opening (/H 2(14)) is made (as appropriate for estimated load-bearing requirements in that structure) to measure approximately from top to halfway down into the interior side of the log/timber component on one course, and halfway up into the interior side of the vertically proximate log/timber component directly over it on the next higher course. In this way,/F girder pockets are routed into these log/timber

components, at intervals consistent with 'Code' requirements, along the entire planned wall perimeter. Each girder pocket is routed to no more than 1/3 the depth from the inside, so that the pocket does not make an opening through to the exterior of the construction, /F 2 . Therefore, cuts into any one log/timber for girder

pockets are not very deep nor extensive so that that log/timber component's structural strength is diminished. Also, this prevents air and moisture infiltration, etc.

If floors must support higher ranges of weight, as necessary, additional support and reinforcement may be applied to floor support components by installation of support brackets, braces or fasteners /H 18, from the interior wall log/timber course to the girder or beam (/H 2y , 12, 13) extending from each pocket. Also, if necessary for heavier weight support, laminated or steel-reinforced girders and beams /H 12, may be used because, since they are in the interior of the structure, these would not be subject to deterioration from climatic effects. 11. ELECTRONIC UTILITIES SERVICES CHANNEL

A shallow double (or optional triple) channel for electrical conduit and telephone lines (/F

/H 2z) measuring about 1.3 inches deep and three inches high, four inches (or as required by 'CODE') up from the log/timber components' juncture with finish flooring, is factory-routed horizontally along the upper interior side of each log/timber component that is designated for that position at each floor level. These channels are shaped to hold these special conduit electric wiring sections with universal connectors and compatible outlet boxes. After installation, the conduit and communications lines in the channels are covered by snap-over suitable decorative molding. Thus, these efficient installations will always be easily accessible for repairs or changes. The electrical and telephone wiring service channels are located where 'Code' designates, or four inches up from the base of the inside facet of each of those log/timber components which are to be adjacent to inside finish flooring (over slab or joists), and, after assembly, these routed electronic service channels will continue around the interior of that first floor-level course. There will also be comparable vertical channels routed upwards from those horizontal channels, located next to the front and back entry doors, (as well as by other exterior passageways such as sliding patio doors, etc.) for exterior and interior entry/exit light switches. These vertical channels are covered with a synthetic simulated log/timber finish panel. Similar electrical and telephone service pre-routed channel arrangements are made for the first log/timber course on the second floor and etc.

12. TOP-PLATE AND ROOF-ATTACHMENT SUB-STRUCTURE

The roof-attachment sub-structure ( /G, /H: 13, 14, 17, 18, 19) including the TOP-PLATE component (/G, /H 17) is designed to join securely, stably and tightly with the exterior wall top log/timber course and top plates (wall-connective roof-support components), rafters, joists, beams and/or trusses. Top-plates are fastened with the last course of nut-based bolt reinforcement fasteners (/G, /H 3) which continue successively down to the foundation anchor bolts. Alternatively, trusses and/or ceiling joists /H13, can be set into appropriately- -sized pockets like those used for floor supports, lapped or butted onto the top-plates, as may be appropriate to resolve the different environmental stress problems that are typical for each site. Top-plate components may optionally have sill-format (i.e. be partly the same as the regular A-shaped log/timber components for their lower lengthwise half -- so they fit similarly over the A-shape tops of the components on the next to last course). However, in this illustration their top lengthwise half is mostly flat level, without any A-shape. But, pockets (if any) would be routed in at appropriate intervals along the joint-ledge.

There is a final set of nut-based bolt-ends (/G, /H 3) protruding from the channels in the top-plate /H17, (over that top log/timber course /H-lll) all along the perimeter of the enclosing exterior walls. The final bolt-ends /G4, which protrude upward from the roof-base components are fastened with appropriate nuts /G18. This set of fastener bolt-ends may serve to securely fasten the roof support structure, along with rafters /G , /H 19, trusses (/H 13, 19), and thereby the roof, to the exterior wall structure, as well as to the reinforcing fastener subsystem ( /H : 5, 4, 3 2i(1) -VII) which continues downward vertically through the log/timber courses to the footings that are part of the foundation.

HEAD-JAMB/SILL COMPONENTS INTERFACE FOUNDATION, WINDOWS, DOORS, ROOF

13. Some special interfacing components and planned structural arrangements of regular log/timber components are required for assemblies around windows and doors. The regular log/timber components /L2, immediately over and under the special (/M: 21, 22, 23, 24) 2/3 height door/window log/timber components, must be centered over or under the window/door opening and be of a length at least about twice the width of the window.

For windows: the base for the window must be a special sill /F21, component (about 3/4 the normal height) that is flat and level from the top joint-ledge to the exterior edge (without any top A-shape) but that does have a normal A-shaped joint under this log/timber window-base, and that is as long as the width of the raw window opening before any framing.

For windows and doors: there is still an uncovered A-shape joint immediately above each opening. A special head-jamb log/timber component /F 22, that is laterally flat along its bottom, from the interior edge to the exterior (without the bottom A-shape) with the normal A-shaped joint on its top, and that is as long as the width of the raw window opening is set into the top of the window/door opening, completing the last A-shaped joint over the window/door opening.

The window/door frame interfacing T-components (/M

/L23-i to i v) are made of matching, quality wood with one board butted (23b) into a grooved plank lengthwise so as to form a long 'T'. After the roof components are assembled and secured to the completed wall structure, the log/timber component ends and all gaps and crevices on components around the openings at window and door positions are chinked and caulked, as well as filled with insulation which is put into spaces between the log/timber components' left laps on one side of the opening and right laps on the other side. These structure-openings' component-elements are covered by and fastened to the exterior frame interfacing T-components. The doors and windows with their framing are positioned into place and fastened with flexible adhesive to the stems of the interfacing T-components. Finally, the 'I' (/M 24 - i v to ix) interior elements (another narrower grooved plank with decoratively shaped interior-borders) of the door/window interfaces, are installed onto the other stem-ends of the interfaces' T-element stems and nailed on from inside the structure. Interface corner joints may be butted or mitered. This completes a turned-over, sideways 'H'-shaped interface component with the /M-v ii to ix log/timber component lap-ends fitted inside one ^,H' indentation, and the window/door with its opening mechanism and frame inside the other 'H' indentation.

A-shape log/timber SILL components may also be used, if required, for some ROOF-SUPPORT components at the top of walls, and A-shape Head-jamb components may also be used for the FIRST COURSE ON THE FOUNDATION perimeter. SIMULATED LOG/TIMBER COMPONENTS FOR UTILITY-ENTRY INSTALLATIONS

/C, /D, /J, /H 7

14. Utility-entry components (for: electrical connections and communications lines, plumbing connections to outside power, municipal mains and sewage lines or wells and septics, and for vents and etc.) are hollow, simulated, appearance-matching log/timber (/J 7) components made of synthetic materials. These special-purpose, appropriately sized, simulated log/timber components will be molded with a hollow compartment to fit the size of respective utility entry equipment, with necessary equipment access on the interior that is camouflaged, and with appropriate exterior openings (to fit connecting lines or pipes) that are thermally shielded and caulked for moisture resistance. These simulated log/timber utility-entry components will be otherwise formed with a shape similar to that of regular, wood log/timber components (with same shapes, height and depth but not as long) so that they will fit into walls (at pre-planned positions) with profiles and end-laps (/D,/H,/J) that interface closely and compatibly with the wood log/timber components around them. Selection will be made among currently available synthetic materials that will optimally satisfy the requirements of these (/J7) components. Since these simulated log/timber components will not have long spans (being overall smaller than small windows), their relatively minimal sizes will not pose a great problem in respect to structural support, but instead must fit tightly into the wall gap, with adequate thermal and moisture resistance. OTHER SPECIAL-PURPOSE SIMULATED LOG/TIMBER COMPONENTS

15. Goals for future product development include: devising materials for simulated logs/timbers, similar to those described above, and/or other special purpose components for this system, from a synthetic base (for example: synthetic rubber, resins and/or silicon combinations) material with such other ingredients or elements (for example: recycled radial tire belts, cord or truck tire elements) as would incorporate therein similar resiliant cohesiveness and tensile strength properties as logs/timbers. Such SYNTHETIC MATERIALS can be composed of a shapable compound mixture for manufacture, that is to be perfected and then presented for patenting as a chemical compound.

One such newly developed extendable and/or moldable compound should be somewhat similar to a non-brittle flexible gummy adhesive mixture, usable to complete products for uses such as ground / foundation or /C,/D,/K 6 a-c foundation / structure interfaces, and/or seismic shock absorption pads. Such products would require cohesiveness, resiliancy and tensility properties along with comparable dimensional, thermal and structural capacities, that would provide improvements over those current compounds for foundation materials that are most commonly used at this time.

Furthermore, these simulated log/timbers and/or other structural components, such as below grade water-resistant retaining walls, that are made of such synthetic materials may also be improved through other processes, and/or by the addition of other ingredients and elements, to be hardened, made flexible, or bonded in combinations, or etc., as necessary, to enhance particularly required properties of structural resistance, tensile strength, resiliency and cohesion, as well as water-, rot-, fungal- and vermin- resistance, while maintaining non-toxicity in said components. This can be accomplished with such possible combinations of known ingredients, processes and properties typical of those available in vehicle tires,

Corningware, fiberglass and/or artificial landscape rocks) which may be used individually, blended or bonded in combination with similar durable, modified resilient and masonry-like materials and/or other compound materials.

This type of synthesized log/timber, foundation and/or other structural member may, as necessary, be developed to be non-flammable for comparable use in similar construction with the advantages of these efficient assembly procedures, in locations where 'fire codes' do not permit construction of wood buildings (as in certain metropolitan cities), and/or for low-cost buildings when there is a shortage of raw wood logs. Also such synthesized types of log/timber materials can be similarly used as a wood substitute for supplementary or lower-stress components, and for other structural elements and purposes, for example: diverse components for general construction uses, such as for gap-fillers, /L ,/M 19 patching, flashing and/or for shock-absorbing components /C,H,K: 6b, in foundations or appearance-matching components in /D, J, K : 34 exposed parts of foundations.

PATENT DESCRIPTION

II. COMPONENTS, FEATURES, AND PROCEDURES:

Among the special components and features which contribute to the durability, structural stability, resiliency and tensile strength of this building system are: B. ESSENTIAL, INTERDEPENDENT. NON-LOG/TIMBER COMPONENTS

All of the NECESSARY (that are essential for optimized structural completeness) and/or typical structurally connecting COMPONENTS WITH POSSIBLE EFFECTS ON THE STRUCTURE (in Illustrations /C, /D, /F, /G, /H, /J) are and shall be systematically designed to fit into or with the exterior wall log/timber components in such manner as TO BE COMPATIBLE WITH and/or SUPPORTIVE OF THE LOGS' /TIMBERS' shape, form, (Illustrations /A, /B) PURPOSE AND STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONS -- so that each of these other components may support, improve and increase the system's durability, stability and strength. Yet, this design should insure that none of the installed or connecting components would detract from nor reduce the essential stabilizing, improving or strengthening effects and attributes of the log's/timber's features which are central to the system's main purposes, nor from the principal structural improvements: THE FOUNDATION, FOUNDATION- ELEMENTS

AND LOG/TIMBER INTERFACES 1. The foundation must be well-adapted to site requirements yet also be a compatible log/timber interface. Even the strongest structure can be destabilized, weakened, and may eventually disintegrate if it is supported by an unstable and/or inappropriate foundation. For a building, the foundation (/C, /D, /

, /J

,/K

6) acts as an interface between the structure and the unique geophysical environment in which it is set. In these circumstances, the foundation/interface is a connector between two dissimilar entities, which dissimilar entities must be functionally adapted to each other by the connector. This means that the foundation/interface must appropriately fit the environment's requirements and compensate for its problems thoroughly and effectively on one side, while on the other side it must attach, support, strengthen, and stabilize the building, as well as integrate the (/K 27-32) building structure into the environment. For out-of-state orders, accurate site information and a foundation that is completed in accordance with EFFICIENT STRUCTURE specifications must be supplied by the property-owner, in accordance with the criteria and methods described immediately below:

Each site's geology (characteristics of soil and substrata) and environment (moist or dry climate, incidence of floods, hurricanes or tornadoes, etc.??) must be analyzed to determine which type of foundation is most suitable for that site's requirements, as well as to determine the site's particular requirements for this log/timber structure. So, in order to accomplish optimal structural adaptation and installation for each particular site and optimal structural design, this analysis of the site, the subsequent construction planning, as well as the actual construction of an appropriate foundation (subject to the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE's structural specifications) should be arranged in consultation with engineers (under contract) who are experienced in that field. The EFFICIENT STRUCTURE can provide a survey check-list with key questions for a surveyor-geologist to answer about the site, for better control of field operations, to streamline the process and to accomplish goals most economically. Adaptive Foundation Elements and Log/timber Interfaces l.a. Various kinds of foundations common to current use include piles, piers, slabs, stepped and continuous perimeters. The EFFICIENT STRUCTURE Log/Timber Structure can be adapted to fit most foundations, but this text will, for the sake of relevant convenience and simplicity, assume that a continuous perimeter foundation (for general cases) or piers (for seismic problems) are used, as specified for these examples. However, in order to install the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE structures so that they are best adapted to each particular site, it is also necessary to examine other different and sometimes unusual possible approaches to solving some of the problems at difficult sites. For example, (see II.C.8., page 117) when necessary, it may be possible to develop innovative shock absorbing foundations, (/D,/K : 6,27-34) with a combination of materials and/or by incorporating elements made of synthetic materials with combined properties of non-rebounding shock-absorbance and cohesion, tensility, pliability and/or resiliancy such as those found in synthetic substances used for truck tires, tire reinforcement cord, tournament bubble-gum and/or quality resiliant haircombs. Interface Elements/Fittings Between Foundation & Walls 1.b. The first log/timber course /C, /D: -I, can be bonded to the foundation (/C,/D, /H: 6a, 6c) with extra layering of resiliant synthetic mortar or chinking compound (that can be shock-absorbing material if required by site geology), 6b, spread on top of the finished foundation perimeter, thickest on the areas that will be under the first course's A-joints. If there is little environmental stress on the structure, the first course may be of EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber header components. Otherwise, for alternative fittings use of which depend on site requirements, to increase vertical support between the first course of A-shaped elements and the foundation with footing, the areas under the first course's A-joints may be coated with strong waterproof bonding adhesive and filled in (/C,/D /J 6b, 2:(2)->a->(1)->b->(3)) with triangularly-shaped, shock-absorbing synthetic rods (if necessary these may incorporate metal prongs that would be imbedded into the foundation's top layer), wood mini-beams or two smaller right-angled, bisected-A-shape pieces of lumber, parallel to the 'A'-joint, all of these fill-ins being at least the same length as each log-timber component they help support.

Once the A-Shape space (if that is used instead of a header) is prepared for filling in or is filled in by the most appropriate among the above methods, the first course of log/timber components may be assembled on the foundation. For ordinary cases, a continuous perimeter foundation with its footing (/C, /D, /H 6a, 6c) may be used, which would have metal reinforcement "anchor" bolts (/C, /D, /H 5) imbedded in it at intervals required by 'Code'. First course log/timber components are hoisted over the foundation perimeter, /D 6, and the "anchor" bolt-tops (/C, /D 5) are threaded through channels routed through the Joint-Ledges in that first course of log/timber components (/C, /D 2, 2i -II). At this stage, they may be lowered onto thick, adhesive, shapeable synthetic mortar or chinking compound to mold the foundation (/C, /D: 6b) into the first course's A-joints (/C2 a->(1)->b). The log/timber components are placed on the foundation so as to have the same timber overhang .(providing rain protection) over the cement foundation as will continue in subsequent log/timber courses.

2. THE FASTENER COMPONENTS

Special nut-based bolt fasteners (/C, /D, /F, /G, /H 3), that are installed in the joint-ledges (into log/timber components' tabbed channels) at intervals as required by 'Code', are used to doubly secure and stabilize each log/timber course: horizontally by the sequence of parallel reinforcing nut-based bolts (/D, /H: 2, 2i, 3) as each course is fastened to the preceding log/timber courses /C, /D: -II, in the log/timber system, and vertically by the secure succession of these same parallel reinforcing nut-based bolt fasteners (/H, /G 2, 2i, 3, 5, 6, 10, 18) through all the courses /H -V, as they extend as a subsystem, from "anchor" bolts inside the foundation to end-nuts in the roof-support structure (see below). Description of Nut-based-bolt Reinforcing Fasteners a. The total height of each nut-based bolt fastener is about one-and-a-half times the net height of each log/timber course (depending on the size of the tab). These fasteners are formed integrally from an alloy of highly resiliant metal that also has good tensility properties. The properties of metal in these fasteners, being isotropic, tend to structurally complement the properties of wood logs/timbers. Nut-based bolt fasteners (/C, /D, /H, /G : 3, 3a-3c) are composed of three elements: the hollow threaded nut-base bottom 3b, that screws onto the previous bolt-top 3a, (down over the previous channel tab 2i(1A)), the shoulder on the nut-base's top 3c, that goes under the next channel tab 2i(lB), (inside the next log/timber component IV-2). Each bolt-top element 3a, is threaded through the next log/timber's channels 2i(2) and tabs 2i(1), protruding through the top of each channel 2i(2A) to wait for attachment of the nut-base 3b, of the following nut-based bolt fastener. The shoulder element 3c, at the top of the fastener's nut-base includes a solid section between the nut and the bolt, which serves as a reinforcing base for the bolt element. The channels, 2i(2), along with their inner tabs 2i(1), have been drilled, in the center of the level joint-ledge (/F, /D, /H, /G: 2 (3a)->c->(4)->d->- (8)->e->(7)), at regular, 'Code' intervals (/D 5, 6a, 3, 5(1) to 5(4)), so that the combination of fasteners in the joint-ledge channels performs a cantilevered attachment function for the buttressing joint-ledge (/C, A), /G: 2 e->i(2A)->d->c->i(2B)) to stabilize and secure the climate-reactive A-joint section (/B, /C, /F, /G: 2 (3)->b->(1)->a->(2)-> (11)->h->(6) ->g->(5)->f->(7)) on the weather-exposed exterior side of the wall /G, with the stabler joint-ledge in the protected interior environment. These tabbed channels on each log/timber component 2, have slightly wider diameters than the widest sections of the nut-based bolt fasteners (/C, /D and /F: 3a, 3b), to allow for transversal/horizontal ease between the wood channel and the metal reinforcing fastener (to reduce abrasion and torsion damage).

Special Nut-based-bolt Fasteners for Corner Tabbed Channels b. Since EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components' lapped ends and corners allow maximum end- and corner- joint adaptability for a variety of site and structural needs, including circumstances (such as corners facing into prevailing hurricane winds) that could make corner-joints the building parts with greatest structural vulnerability from tensile and torsional stresses that cause splitting and cracking or displacement. As site and structural conditions indicate, nut-based bolt fasteners may be included in lapped corners if vertical reinforcement in corners is critical, or these fasteners may be left out of corners if maximum adjustability between adjoining walls is a priority (given that 'Code' requirements for fastener intervals are otherwise met). Tabs may be positioned in channels of corner or lap-end joints so that each lower lap-end has a half-height tab in the upper third of its channel while each upper lap-end has a half-height tab in the lowest third of its channel. During assembly of end-laps in corners with fasteners, as the next upper lap-end is placed over the previous lower lap-end the two (half) tabs are vertically juxtaposed, by which means these two half-tabs can be clamped together by fasteners with washers, to be in other respects similar, together, to integral channel tabs in other component channels. Therefore, the next course's /C-IV, lower lap-end channels (/D2: (12)i + (13)i) are threaded over the previously positioned bolts 3a, from the previous course /C-III, as the next component (/C, /D, /E, /F 2.i, 3, 2(12), 2(13)) is put into place on the partly assembled wall /C-V.

Features of Anchor Bolts and Other Special Fasteners c. The first fastener-related elements used in the structure are "anchor bolts" that are imbedded vertically, plumb to, and into the levelled foundation, at regular, 'Code'-designated intervals (/D 5, 6a, 3, 5(1) to 5(4)). These fastener / anchor bolts have bolt-threaded tops that protrude out from the foundation. These bolt-tops will be threaded through the channels in the first course of log/timber components, and then secured from over the first log/timber course by the first set of regular nut-based bolt fasteners installed (screwed on) into that first log/timber course. Other types of fasteners for this structure include compatibly threaded end-nuts and end-bolts for the last elements securing window and door frames, as well as for top-plates and roof components.

In addition, when it is necessary to add further reinforcement and/or to attach roof or floor-support structural components (such as built-up, laminated or steel beams, girders or joists, /H12) to the log/timber wall components, 'L'-shaped metal support brackets, of the type that is often used in construction, may be installed under the adjunctive angle formed where the floor-support component extends from the pocket in the interior of the log/timber component. By this means, the bottom of the girder (or joist, etc.) is fastened to the log/timber wall, the load-bearing capacity of the floor-support component may be increased, and this adjuncture is reinforced. d. PURPOSES, FEATURES, FUNCTIONS OF FASTENER SUBSYSTEM Each fastener nut-base's /C3c upper shoulder under the channel-tab" /C 2i(1A)->2i(1B), (cushioned by a washer, /C4, see II.B.3., below) helps secure that tab in relation to the next lower channel-tab (/D, /G-, /H : 2i(1A)->(1B), IV / III) in the previous log/timber course at that same fastener's nut-base /D3b bottom, (as the upper fastener is screwed on to the bolt-end /D3a of the next lower course's fastener protruding through that lower tab) and each next fastener again helps secure the next tab, similarly through each subsequent course. The channels, /C, /D 2i, along with their inner tabs 2i(1A)-(1B), have been drilled, in the center of the level joint-ledge (/C, /1 2 c->d->e) on the inside of the log/timber components, at regular, 'Code' intervals (/D 3, 5(1) to 5(4)). Thus, these securing links -- previous fastener-shoulder under tab (/C 2i(1B) / 3c) : next fastener-base over tab (/C 3b / 2i(1A)), sequentially linked as each fastener-base is screwed onto the bolt-top -- apply similarly from tabs in each current course /C-III, to tabs in the next immediate higher /C-IV, and lower /C-II courses. So, when a log/timber has expanded or is off-center due to temporary structural or environmental causes, (since metal is isotropic and less reactive than wood): the stabler fastener's nut-base 3b bottom may act as a binding limit (braced against the washer-cushioned tab 2i(1A)), and/or the fastener's nut-base shoulder 3c, may act as a fulcrum (relative to the cushioned tab 2i(1B)) that balances its portion of the log/timber component as the tab pivots on the fastener shoulder.

In these ways, the fastener:tab relationships of pivot, fulcrum-balance or limits to play, interreact in connected or adjoined linkage relays to compensate for skewness or other discrepancies in the immediate horizontal surrounding areas of its log/timber component as well as immediately proximate components, and to moderate discrepancies through vertical or horizontal fastener/tab linkage interreactions. At the same time, each log/timber component's dimensions, level and plumbness may fluctuate within ranges that are limited by the channel's combined width and height ease (accomodation), moderated by the compressible washers, and these discrepancies and slippages are also limited by the fastener binding limits. In climates with extreme temperature or moisture variations that can cause greater dimensional fluctuations in the log/timber components, a greater allowance for ease in the channel diameter and between tabs can to some extent compensate to reduce stress, abrasion and damage to the log/timber component from these fluctuations.

Furthermore, when properly installed (not cross- -threaded), these fasteners maintain a generalized degree of plumb verticality with their parallel columns from foundation to roof within the structure's walls (though wall components fluctuate within limits because of inherent reactions or external dynamic forces, as described above), relative to the "anchor bolt's" correctly vertical installation in the properly level foundation. In addition, the double-thickness (/D 3a+3b) of the nut-base III- 3b, screwed on over the bolt II- 3a from the previous course, serves to vertically reinforce and strengthen the wall-system /G -V, at one of its weaker points: the horizontal joint-seams (/C2, /D2, /E2, /G, /H : (2)->a->(1)->b->(3)->c->(4) // (6)->g->(5)->f->(7)->e->(8)). These doubled reinforcements, positioned along each course's joint-seam stress-areas, extend from the logs '/timbers' inner tab-top /F2i(1)(A), that is below each course's joint-seams, to.the tab-bottom /F2i(1)(B), that is well above the joint-seams.

By these means, each log/timber component, 2, is concurrently secured, both horizontally locked into position through the counterposition of the fastener nut-base, 3b, against the wood tab, 2i(1), through the protective washer, 4, as the next fastener's nut-base is screwed on to secure the previous bolt, 3a, (inserted through the channel in the previous course), and (the log/timber) is also vertically reinforced by means of these fasteners. Then, as the fasteners link the tabs vertically (course to course) (/C, /D, /G 2i(1), 3) and horizontally from tab to tab (at regular, parallel intervals, lengthwise, along the inside perimeter of the log/timber component), the fasteners also act to bind the adjoined log/timber components transversely with a cantilevering action that secures the reactive variable A-shaped exterior joint elements, constraining their fluctuations by counterbalancing effects of (/B, /C, /H: 2i, 3, 2c->d->e => !! 2f->g->h->a->b) from the buttressing joint-ledge with tabbed channels that are protected from climatic change inside the building.

Thus, the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE exterior log/timber walls are locally and structurally linked, stabilized and reinforced by a sub-system of improved metal fasteners in the form of nut-base bolts (/C, /D, /G;

3a+3b+3c), that attach successively through channels drilled vertically at structurally significant intervals, along the stabler, protected interior

JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESS SECTION of each log/timber component. Furthermore, foundation-based continuity of vertical structural reinforcement as well as horizontal and transversal- cohesion is hereby provided because the fasteners, /G3 , continue vertically through the log/timber courses /H-VI, from the anchor rod, /C5, in the foundation, /C6, in direct progression as each fastener is secured sequentially to the previous fastener, and because successive fasteners lock onto the wood channel tabs, 2i(1), continually up through the walls, V, to the top-plate, /H14.

Consequently, for occasions of unusual environmental or geophysical activity or phenomena, the reinforcing and binding actions on the log/timber components by the metal fasteners (that are sheltered inside the channels in the stabler joint-ledge) are effectively complementary because of the difference in properties between these two materials. Therefore, as a result of all the above-cited advantages of the joint-ledge sections, the A-shapes, the channel tabs, the washers (see II.B.3. below) and the fasteners acting in combination, this combination of assembled components is stronger together and better able to resist structural and environmental stresses including structural displacement or imbalance, dynamic loads such as those from windstorms, or resonant forces such as seismic phenomena.

3. THE TAB-CUSHIONING WASHERS

Synthetic or rubber washers are used to cushion tabs, to protect the log/timber tabs and channels from fastener caused stress, abrasion and resulting damage, as well as to add capacity for moderative vertical adjustment and rotational play between the tabs and their binding fasteners. These synthetic/rubber washers, composed of highly resilient and compressable material, are placed over and under the tabs, 2i(1), in each log/timber channel. Washers are threaded over bolt-ends to positions under and over each tab (/C, /D, /G, /H 4, 4a, 4b, III, IV) -- between each wood tab and the prior fastener's nut-shoulder (/C, /D, /(G: 2i(1B), 4a), and between the next fastener's nut-base and the tab (/C, /D, /G : 2i(1A), 4b). For assembly, each time the next log/timber course has been completely set into place on the wall, another synthetic washer (/C, /D, /H: 4b) is threaded over each fastener's protruding bolt-end, 3a, and pushed down into each channel, 2i, resting on top of the wood tab (/C, /D, /G: 2i(1)(B)) inside the channel. And each time a new fastener's nut-base is installed over the previous fastener's bolt-end, a washer is threaded over that bolt-end down to rest on its nut-base shoulder (under the next higher component's tab). This prevents damage to the tab and reduces frictional or direct stresses that are commonly caused by the long-term shrinking, swelling, cracking or warping of the wood timber which may affect wood durability, or may cause shifting and slipping of components.

As a result, these washers will serve as a means which, to a considerable degree, will protect components, as well as accomodate and moderate dimensional timber/structure variations (52/ .573) in response to changing conditions, when these log/timber variations stressfully conflict with the reinforcing and stabilizing action of the metal, nut-based bolt (/C, /D, /H, /G: 2i(1), 3, 4) fasteners' bracing against the wood tabs which structurally reinforce the log/timber components and help bind each log/timber into the wall structure. Without the protective and moderating actions of these washers, all the typical log structure stress, displacement of components, and/or deterioration in materials could otherwise adversely affect the secure fastening of each log/timber to the system, the vertical stability of the metal reinforcing fastener, or even the vertical or lateral stability of the structure (/H, /J). 4. ROOF-WALL INTERFACING

The roof structure (/G 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19,21) should be appropriate to resolve related problems for each site's environment (for example: Is there prevalence of wind-storms? or heavy rain? snow-loads? sand-storms?, etc.) Usually, a selection of various pre-manufactured roof structures and/or components that are appropriate for the local environment are available to be shipped from suppliers in the area around the site. There is a final set of nut-based bolt-ends (/H-, /G- 4) protruding from the channels in the top-plate /G17, (over that top log/timber course /H-IV) all along the perimeter of the enclosing exterior walls. The final bolt-ends (/H, /G 4) which protrude upward from the roof-base log/timber components are fastened with appropriate end-nuts (/H, /G 18). This set of fastener bolt-ends, the end-nuts, and supporting brackets, will serve to indirectly fasten the roof support structure and thereby the roof, along with rafters (/H-, /G- 19), trusses and/or ceiling joists /G13, to the exterior wall structure, as well as to the reinforcing fastener subsystem /H-, /G- 4, which continues successively downward vertically through the log/timber courses to "anchor bolts" /D5, in the footings /C6a, that are part of the foundation /J6, 34.

The roof-attachment sub-structure components (/F-21, y, /G- 13, 14, 17, 18, 8), including the rafters, ceiling joists, beams and/or roof-trusses (/H, /G 13, "17) can be set into appropriately-sized pockets (like those, 2y, used for floor supports) or lapped or butted onto the top-plates. As for the floor-support components, the roof-support components are securely fastened, reinforced and supported by the installation of an 'L'-shaped metal support-bracket under the joists, girders or beams (or etc.) where they adjoin or overlap the top-plate. The exterior wall-to-roof seams should be caulked. Altogether by these or other such means, the top-plate (wall-connective roof-support component) as well as rafters, joists, beams and/or trusses, should adaptively interface and join roof components securely, stably and tightly to the exterior wall top log/timber course. GIRDERS, JOISTS, OTHER FLOOR-SUPPORT ELEMENTS 5. If there is to be more than one floor level to the building, for the second or higher floor level: Built-up, laminated or steel beams, girders or joists, /H12, are put into the pockets into log/timber walls at higher-level- -floor/next-lower-level-ceiling positions on the wall, along intervals consistent with 'Code' requirements, around the entire planned wall perimeter. Girder- and beam-pockets. (/H 2(14)) are pre-routed with 3"-4" depth (about the depth of the Joint-Ledge element) in the interiors of sets of two vertically adjoining specific log/timber components intended for those particular (logs/timbers at floor/ceiling positions for second or higher floor levels) courses of the log/timber wall. Floor-support girders, beams or joists (/H 13' 12) usually measure approximately six inches in height and may be as wide as necessary to adequately support the required floor loads, while the girders, beams or joists must fit in correlation with the size (about 6" height x 3-1/2" depth x necessary width) of pockets routed (so that pocket elements do not penetrate too deeply into the component lest they weaken it) into each set of two vertically adjoining log/timber components /H2.

When floors must support higher ranges of weight, it may be necessary for additional support and reinforcement to be applied to floor support components by installation of support-elements, such as wood braces or metal brackets /H18, fastened under the angle from the interior of the course in the log/timber wall to a girder or beam (/G 14, 12, 13) that extends from each pocket, and/or, if necessary laminated or steel-reinforced girders and beams /H 12, may be used.

6. TIH-FRAMES INTERFACING FOR PRE-FAB WINDOWS/DOORS

The window/door interface components are designed to adapt the wide depths, uneven ends and awkward exterior surfaces of 'A'-shaped log/timber components around window/door openings to most or all prefabricated windows or doors, allowing for typical seasonal expansion or shrinkage 'movement' without damage to window/door components, and to shield seams between log/timber walls and windows or doors from infiltration of moisture and adverse weather conditions. These window/door frame interfacing components have two sections made from good quality wood that matches the log/timber components. a. The first section of the window/door interface is shaped like a long, continuous 'T' /M 23. Each of these 'T'-parts comprise two joined boards, both with a length equivalent to the the width or height of the window or door it shall frame, about 11" wide, and about 3/4" - 1" thick. This section's first board element is dovetailed lengthwise into the offcenter groove of an equally long plank, that is about 9-12" wide and about 1/2" - 3/4" thick, assembled at the factory, to form the long 'T'-section /M23. The other part of the window/door interface is another lengthwise center-grooved, board, which we call the 'I'-section /M 24, that is the same length as the first 'T'-section but is about 7"-10" wide, about 3/8" - 5/8" thick, and has decoratively finished or bevelled edges along each outer edge. Positions for all windows and doors in each wall should be planned so that log/timber components over and under openings will be structurally balanced, supported and supportive within each wall. The 'T'-sections /M 23, are installed around the window/door opening from the exterior, before the pre-fab window or door component is installed, while the 'I'-sections /M 24, are installed around the window/door opening from the interior, after the pre-fab window or door component has been installed into the opening lined with the 'T'-sections /M 23. b. There are several feasible ways to interface between the log/timber components and windows or doors, but one is most practical for a wider variety of circumstances. The exterior and interior components of the interface surrounding the pre-fab window/door and lining the wall-opening could be assembled at the factory into a large rectangular framework, but this would be awkward and fragile to ship with the heavier, long log-timbers. 'T+I=H' window interface components could be installed over bevelled "clapboard" or curved "rustic" exterior log/timber surfaces if the lapped ends are cut off the log/timber components along the window opening's sides, but this would require lavish quantities of waterproof caulking applied to fill in all the uneven, crenelated gaps between the straight window interface surfaces and the sloped or curved surfaces of the log/timber components.

Accordingly, the best alternative is for the rectangular lap-ends to be left on the log/timber components, resulting in sequences of alternating lap-ends and gaps on each side of the window/door opening (with upper end-lap gaps 2(12) on the left side of the window/door opening and lower 2(13) end-lap gaps on the right side of the window/door opening, assuming a counter-clockwise log/timber components' assembly sequence). Coincidentally and conveniently, these gaps between wood lap-ends reduce the cumulative amount of wood 'movement' (expansion or shrinkage which is a typical problem at log-end / window junctures, especially if considerable moisture enters this area), among this set of adjoining wood components, that sometimes causes displacement or misfitting joints between log components and windows or doors. In addition, not cutting off the straight-sided lap-ends (non-bevelled) allows for a better fit of straight T-I-H interface surfaces to straight log/timber lap-end surfaces. This alternative also provides a more consistent and adaptable set of log/timber components that need fewer different manufacturing procedures and offers a less complex system with fewer confusable components for unskilled workers to assemble. The problem of heat loss through the gaps is easily resolved by filling spaces with climatically non-reactive insulative pads or blocks. Window/Door: Opening/Lap-ends/Interface Assembly Procedure c. Therefore, the following assembly procedure (/L ,/M i-iX) applies if lap-ends are left on the log/timber (/J 23 , 2 6 , 33) components around the windows or doors: After the roof components are assembled and secured to the completed wall structure, gaps between the log/timber components' lap-ends on the sides of windows and door openings are filled with insulation pads. These pads are put into spaces between the log/timber components' left laps on one side (/L 19,2) of the opening and right laps on the other side. Thereafter, the procedure is the same for both /M 21-26, i- ix, log/timber component end options: <1.> Flexible, waterproof, adhesive chinking is applied on uneven crevices around the opening on the wall components. Then, these structure-openings' component-end elements are covered by and fastened to the exterior frame interfacing T-components. Only the T-components on the window/door opening's top (header /L22) and the window opening's bottom (sill, /L21) are nailed to the joint-ledges of the log/timber components over and under the opening, but the window/door interfaces are NOT fastened to the log/timber component ends (/L 2(12) and 2(13)) along the sides of the opening. This allows for some expansion/contraction 'movement', settling and structural adjustment of the log/timber components within the outer groove of the interface without stress against, distortion of or damage to the more fragile window fitting. d. Flexible, waterproof caulking is applied inside along the outer edge of the 'arm-pit' in the T-components lining the opening. <2.> Next, the windows and, similarly doors, with their framing are positioned into place and fastened with flexible adhesive and/or appropriate fasteners to the stems of the interfacing T-components. <3.> Finally, the 'I' interior elements (another narrower grooved plank with decoratively shaped interior-borders) of the door/window interfaces, are installed onto the other stem-ends of the interfaces' T-element stems and nailed on from inside the structure, to make a completed 'H'-shaped interface, /H 23<+>24. T+I=H interface corner joints may be cut to be butted or mitered, /L 23,26 After the 'I' elements are installed on the 'T'-stems to cover the windows/doors and the interior walls around openings, the interface appears like an H-shape turned sideways /H 23<+>24, with the log/timber component lap-ends fitted inside one H-indentation, and the window- /door with its opening mechanism and frame inside the other H-indentation. This completes four sections of turned-over, T-I-H interface components that are installed around each window or door opening in the walls.

Purposes, Features and Functions of the T-I-H Interface e. This multi-function window/door interface improvement:

> efficiently adapts the wider dimensions of the log/timber components to the usually narrower dimensions of prefab window and door components,

> provides a protective buffer between the massive log/timber components and the usually lighter, more fragile pre-fabricated window and door components, and

> provides a means for continuing adjustment of the log/timber, structure relative to the window/door components, with the interface 'H' sides allowing for differentiated movement, expansion, contraction, slippage and non-symmetrical shifts of the log/timber components and their lap-ends against the side interfaces rather than against the fragile sides of the pre-fab window/door frames they protect,

> the prefab window/door components structurally are supported by and secured vertically to the log/timber courses above and below them, by means of all the top and bottom interface components;

> the caulked and chinked interfaces' 'T'-top overlaps over the log/timber component-ends' opening perimeters, as well as over the prefab window/door frame installation casing, to prevent infiltration of moisture and wind into the structure through the seams between the windows/doors and log/timber walls; and in addition, > the T-I-H window/door interface can be perfectly adapted to the requirements of different special fittings from various window/door manufacturers by shaving, shaping, or trimming the interface's edge (/J,/M,/L) (there is about 1/2" spare rim along the inside edge) around the window/door perimeter (in which case an amount equal to that trimmed from vertical side sections must also be trimmed from each outer end of the horizontal top and bottom T-I-H interface sections.)

C. AUXILIARY COMPONENTS, FITTINGS: FEATURES & PURPOSES

WATERPROOFING, INSULATING OR SEALING COMPOUNDS AND PADS

7. Water-resisting caulk along the exterior joint edges and the foam gaskets over 'A'-shapes (/C, /D 6, ), act to seal and insulate joints between log/timber courses. Flexible synthetic gaskets, chinking compound, insulation and waterproof caulk fill in changing spaces and gaps between adjoining components to help prevent infiltration of exterior temperature and/or moisture.

Additional weather-proofing advantages may be gained by applying appropriate sealing compounds to the surfaces of the exterior section 2h, and 2(11) to 2(2) to 2(6), whenever severely adverse environmental conditions at the site, or particular wood-type requirements, suggest that such treatment is necessary. SHOCK-ABSORBING AND ADAPTIVE FOUNDATION-BLANKET

8. In earthquake zones (but not directly over unstable faults, etc.) log/timber structures may have their resiliant and tensile strength properties enhanced by innovative shock-absorbing and adaptive foundation components that will improve the foundation's and structure's resistance to seismic and geologic phenomena. This type of component would require properties of flexible cohesiveness, adaptiveness, resiliancy and/or tensility along with comparable dimensional and structural capacities, that would provide improvements over the current compounds for foundation materials that are most commonly used at this time.

For such improvement of these structures it is possible to devise resiliant, shock-absorbing (/J 34,/K 27-34 foundation components for this system from appropriate, basic, synthetic materials that are currently readily available for other analogous uses. Among the examples of such materials currently in use that can be adaptable for these structural purposes are: synthetic rubbers, gums, plastics, resins and/or silicon materials that can be blended in combination with other ingredients or elements (for example: recycled radial tire belts, cord or truck tire elements) which would incorporate a limited degree of similar resiliant cohesiveness and flexible tensile strength properties into a foundation. Tournament quality bubble-gum presents one likely common material for new adaptation to an extensible and malleable, shock-absorbing compound material that has properties similar to such a non-brittle flexible gummy adhesive mixture that can be usable for products such as ground- <->foundation or foundation<->structure interfaces. (Consider how your molars grind bubble-gum yet it does not shatter or break, and how extremely extensible it is when you blow a large bubble, yet some bubble-gums are very adhesive.) One example of such use is: if a /K 29, 32, combination slab foundation with footings or piers is to be used, a special blanketing synthetic (bubble-gum like)

27(a) layer that has flexible, adaptive, cohesive and malleable properties, molded with a combination of other materials (such as seismic shock absorption truck-tire pads and tensilely-strong tire cords) bonded in, would be inserted between the lower sand/gravel sub-foundation layers and the vapor-barrier and/or rigid insulating foam layers next to the concrete.

The combination of materials bonded into this adaptive synthetic-combination blanketing layer could be composed of shock-absorbing balls (like bearings), spool-shapes (like springs) or blocks, from material like that of truck-tires, and could include interlaced lengths of reinforcing cords such as those used in tires, /K 27 (b-d). Bearings and cords are bonded into flexible, extensible adhesive with properties somewhat like those of bubble-gum or silly putty (very pliable, stretchable, reshapeable and poundable without breaking), with all of these elements arranged together into a format (/ K 27 ) similar to box-springs (for beds). The pliable adhesive synthetic blanket, with all of these elements, would be molded onto or set between an elastic 27(e) waterproof sheeting (similar to those currently used) to be under the foundation, with peelable glazed kraft-paper sheet over the blanket. Thus it can be rolled up like a rug for shipping yet easily installed.

On the construction site, the shock-absorbing blanket layer is installed so that it will extend under all the central areas of the structure up to the foundation /K 29,34 foundation perimeter. Thus, these balls/blocks, 27(b, c) (tire-material bearings) would absorb the force from extended-area seismic jolts, the reinforcing cord would (2 7 (d)) offer flexible tensile cohesion and the malleable gummy (27(a )) adhesive would also flexibly adapt moderate changes in the ground's shape to the fixed shape of the solid foundation under the structure. Therefore, the foundation and structure may ride the shifting ground as a boat rides on waves (as traditional timber-hulled boats withstood severe storms with high waves and turbulent seas), because the forces transmitted by the solid ground are moderated by the flexible intermediating, adaptive, cohesive and shock-absorbing layer between the footings or piers and under the concrete slab in the foundation, /C , /K : 2 7, 2 9 , 32,34 .

Furthermore other innovative foundation components for special purposes may be developed by adapting existing materials from other uses, such as below grade water-resistant retaining walls that are made of such synthetic materials may also be improved through other processes of innovative adaptation, and/or by the addition of other ingredients and elements, to be hardened, made flexible, or bonded in combinations, adapted as necessary to enhance particularly required properties of structural resistance, tensile strength, resiliency and/or cohesion, as well as water-, rot-, fungal- and vermin- resistance, while maintaining non-toxicity in said components. This can be (/J, /K:29, 34 ) accomplished with such possible combinations of known ingredients, processes and properties typical of those available in heavy-duty vehicle tires, Corningware, fiberglass, pumice and/or artificial landscape rocks which may be used in combination with other available durable, modified resiliant and masonry-like materials with other compound materials. Also such synthesized types of log/timber materials can be similarly used as a wood substitute for supplementary or lower-stress components, and/or other purposes, for example: diverse components for general construction uses, such as for/C8 appearance-matching gap-fillers, and/or shock-absorbing components or appearance-matching components in exposed parts of foundations, /J 7 , 2 0 , /D 10.

9. MATCHING WEATHER-SHIELDS FOR SEAMS AND CORNERS /C, /D, /J, 10, 20

The log/timber end-joint seams within courses and structural corner joints (/D, /E 2: (12), (13)) are designed with lapped joints (/D2, /E2: (12), (13) : j, k, 1, m, n, p -t, V-X. The exterior side(s) of these lapped-joint seams are covered with caulked, matching-color plastic moisture-proof weather shields (/D, /J 10, 20) to prevent air infiltration and rain penetration into these joints, in order to provide improved thermal and energy efficiency, and weather-tightness. Special matching synthetic weather-proof square shields (see above) will be caulked into the lapped horizontal end-joints to protect these joints from adverse weather and thermal infiltration, and vertical corner-shaped, 'post'-style shields /J20 will likewise protect corner-joints. These post corner-joints shields are put on over corners after all the courses for each complete story/level are finished -- from floor to ceiling. The bottom end of each next corner-post /20a, shield overlaps over the top of the previous /J 20 c corner-post shield.

10. STRUCTURALLY INTEGRATED INSTALLATIONS FOR UTILITIES

After the building is closed to weather, various types of electronic utility service networks should be installed. Incredible as it may seem, several PRIOR ART log building manufacturers make NO PROVISION FOR UTILITIES' ENTRIES AND INSTALLATIONS IN THEIR STRUCTURES (I have even visited a {sales} model building with wiring crudely stapled to log walls). Without such provision, an uninformed independent local installer may make crude openings in the structure (to accomplish his/her purpose) that may inadvertantly undermine the structure or subject its materials to deteriorative conditions; also installed utilities are necessary for a complete turn-key construction and must be considered as a substantial portion of total construction costs. For these reasons, the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE system makes structurally integrated provision for installation of all modern utilities amenities, both electronic and plumbing. Accordingly, it may be necessary to accomodate two to four types of special electronic equipment and conduit sections: for electric power conduit, telephone lines, TV or communications cable, and security or intercom lines (/F,/H 11, 2g)

Integrated connective equipment, components and elements for each of these types of subsystems (electronic and plumbing) are available from other manufacturing sources.

Structurally compatible and integrated entry accomodations for each type of utility in the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE are provided by installation of entry facilities and equipment in and through special /J 7, 7a, b , innovative structurally compatible, synthetic, hollow simulated log/timber components described in Text section II.A.14., with a site source system's exterior input connection and compatible in-building output lines, 7b arranged for easy connection to their respective interior network subsystems. Connective facilities from the simulated log/timber entry component to the interior plumbing network is made by means of a connective centralizing hollow interior utilities-core wall including. input and output rough-in connections 7b (contained within water-resistant partitioning framework covered with decorable interior paneling removable for repair access), which utilities-core extends from the exterior log/timber wall to the plumbing utilities areas as is typical of Prior Art construction arrangements.

A subsystem network for each type of electronic utility is installed in one of several parallel /F,/H 2

adjacent channels pre-routed into the log/timber components, and connects from these innovative installation facilities to similarly arranged channels in interior partitions or walls. Parallel individual channels for electrical, telephone / communications and/or security wiring services are factory-routed horizontally along the upper interior facet of each next-over-flooring level log/timber component, that is, on the wall about four inches up from the finish flooring (over joists, girders or slab) on the interior side of log/timber components. Then, (also at the factory) the 2

channels are coated or lined with an electrically insulative plastic finish. Most of the utilities subsystems' interior components and equipment must be installed at the site after the walls are assembled and the structure is closed to weather. Among the components for particular subsystems, one type of conduit has electric wiring with universal connectors and compatible outlet boxes to be easily assembled and installed on site, another type of conduit has communications cables for telephones with easily installed receptacles for jacks, and the other routed channels may hold TV cable / stereo radio/music, intercom, and/or electronic security lines. These electronic utilities service lines also continue in similar channels around the interior of each first log/timber course over the finish-flooring on the first floor-level, as well as around first courses on subsequent floor-levels in the building. Electrical conduit lines with universal connectors and switch boxes, for exterior and interior entry/exit light switches, will similarly connect to comparable interior vertical channels routed upwards from those horizontal channels, and are installed through simulated hollow /J 7 log/timber components for exterior output, located next to the front and back entry doors, (as well as by other exterior passageways such as garage and patio doors, etc.)

After these utilities lines are installed, the channels between conveniently located electric-outlets, /F 2

telephone jack receptacles, and etc., are covered by a combination snap-over suitably decorative baseboard- -channelcover. /F 11, that looks like an attractive baseboard molding. Each decorative channelcover closes by hooking a flange along its upper back into a groove (11,

a) along the top outer edge of the parallel routed channels

( /F 11, 23) in each log/timber component. Then, a ridge ( F11,

3:b) along the channelcover's rear bottom edge snaps into a groove along the bottom of the channels with a pressure closure. If necessary, screws may be used to shut the cover tightly and securely enough so that a child cannot pry it open. The molded inner side of each (/F11, 23:c)

baseboard-channelcover is shaped so that, while it is closed, it isolates and insulates each and every channel, although, when it is removed all channels are accessible for repairs. Where necessary, the horizontal channels also connect to compatible vertical channels for light switches, security, etc., which are covered with a synthetic simulated log/timber. /J 20, attractive 'post' finish panel. Similar electrical and telephone service pre-routed channel arrangements are made for the first log/timber course on the second floor and etc. By these means (unlike traditional electronic installations in conventional PRIOR ART construction), these EFFICIENT STRUCTURE electronic utilities installations will always be easily accessible for repairs or changes (by removing the damaged or obsolete modules and plugging in new modules).

NOTE: The innovatively designed and engineered major components and features described above must implicitly include any structurally non-critical finishing materials, supplementary minutiae and such secondary related and/or subordinate modifications as may be necessary for optimization of products or materials, as well as for structural, manufacturing, or construction improvements, and/or for specialized client, use, design, economic, commercial or site requirements.

< Therefore, structural stability, strength and durability, as well as ease and solidity of assembly, are functionally improved and quantitatively increased in a synergistic manner as a result of the combinatory effects of all the special characteristics, features, functions and attributes of this comprehensive system of log/timber construction.

D. ASSEMBLY PROCEDURES AND SYSTEMIC RELATIONSHIPS:

WALL ASSEMBLY PROCEDURE

11. A major attribute of this log/timber construction system is the high efficiency and ease of assembly /B to /J processes- a. As the exterior perimeter of EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber walls is assembled, openings are left, where designated in the plans, for windows and doors to be framed later in accordance with methods described below in Section 14., (a.) to (f.). Also after the walls and roof are completed, girders and joists are inserted into the girder-pockets in the exterior walls as described in Section 13. for completion of the interior structure. b. All the steps detailed below for assembly of the log/timber walls can be described as a simple procedure for one building assembled individually, by about four semi-skilled employees, with a portable platform and a tractor with hoisting device and a log-filled trailer. Similar, but more appropriately efficient procedures can be used for assembly of a series of buildings at one site, with additional employees. This exterior wall assembly procedure is followed after the first course of log/timbers is bonded onto the foundation with synthetic mortar, chinking compound or waterproof adhesive:

(1.) Prepare end-joint and place shield- After the first log/timber component for the present course has been completely set in the course (a.) apply caulk and/or chinking compound /C8, as necessary, on each right end-joint facet that will connect with the proximate log/timber component's left (upper lap) end-joint (/D, /E 2(12) j,k,m ) before the placement of the next adjacent log/timber /D, /E 2(13), during the course sequence, (b.) also cover log/timber end-joints /D22(13)x

with the caulked water-proof weather shields (corners and/or straight ends) /D 10 as needed during each course sequence;

(2.) Prepare each log/timber component /C, /D III-2 from the previous course, already installed in the wall, before placement of the next course of log/timber components /C, /D IV- 2, in the new course-

(a.) apply caulk, /C8, lengthwise along the upper exterior edge /C, /D III- 2(6), of the lower course A-joint (/C, /D 2 (6)->g->(5)->f->(7)),

(b.) install the first set of 'rubber' washers, 4a, on the previous course fasteners, /C, /D III- 3a, and (c.) place the insulating foam gasket /C9 strips so they are centered on the log/timber A-joints;

(3.) Place ea chlog/timber component, /C, /D IV- 2, into course being assembled- hoist, position the log/timber and thread fastener bolts 3a through the channels 2i, then lower and place the log/timber for the next course, /C, /D -IV, on the previous course, /C, /D -III;

(4.) Secure the new log/timber- (a.) insert 'rubber' washers, 4b, on the timber-channel tabs 2i(1), and (b.) fasten, the new log/timber 2, into the partly assembled wall -V, with the next set of reinforcing fasteners /C 3, 3b; -- Repeat the procedure, from (1.) to (4.), until the exterior walls are completed, /H VII.

The walls of this EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber structure can be put together onto a previously prepared foundation with much less man-hours by as few as three or four semi-skilled laborers, using a special trailer, pulled by tractor or truck, equipped with a hoist. One of the crew drives the tractor and operates the hoist, another attaches each log/timber component to the hoist, while two assemblers work from a moveable platform that is as long as the longest log/timber component, to guide the hoisted component into place, prepare and fasten it. This delivery and assembly equipment can be leased, and possibly homesteaders may be able to assemble their EFFICIENT STRUCTURE themselves if correctly instructed by a video program, detailed printed instructions and/or trained local representative.

Notice that these manufacturing and assembly procedures do not require the usual many tedious hours of highly skilled labor at the site by a traditional 'hand scriber' as he hollows out a Swedish Cope curve to be perfectly fitted to the unique contours of the top of the next lower log previously assembled on the prior course in the wall. This is what was necessary to produce the structurally best Prior Art traditional log buildings which still, under difficult conditions, are structurally NOT as tenacious as the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE. Nor does this EFFICIENT STRUCTURE assembly process require several skilled construction workers hammering together many pieces of lumber into a skeletal framework of load-bearing wood supports, followed by another specialized crew (who must be skilled) to nail siding onto the framework for another few days, working full time for several days, followed by a crew to install sheathing and insulation inside the frame and siding, followed by another crew with special skills to finish the inside surfaces of these walls, as is necessary before a Prior Art conventional structure's walls can be completed. Neither is there much energy nor material wasted to manufacture these EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components compared to the conventional construction's use of energy to cut up exceptionally strong gale- resistant (when rooted) logs into many smaller lumber components that are not particularly resistant to much of the dynamic forces that are typical in most natural phenomena. 12. TOP-PLATE, ROOF-INTERFACE AND SUPPORTING STRUCTURE ASSEMBLY

After all the exterior walls /H -VII, are completed and all log/timber components have been set into their places and fastened onto the walls, there will be a final set of nut-based bolt-ends, /G 3a, protruding from channels, 2i, in the top-plate ( /G; /H 14) over the top course of logs/timbers, /G, /H VI- 2 all along the top perimeter of the exterior walls. When the top-plates (having been threaded onto the protruding bolt-tops) are installed (over the joint-ledges) on top of the completed wall, the top-plates will be securely fastened to the wall and the fasteners by an end-nut /G-, /H 18, that is screwed onto each last fastener's (longer) bolt-top protruding through the top-plate from the last course on the wall. Rafters, joists and/or trusses or other adjunctive roof-structure components, may be lapped on or butted to the top-plates, or these roof components may be set into pre-routed pockets in the top-plates. These roof components will, in turn be fastened to the top-plate. By these means, the roof structure /G 13+17 +etc, is connected to the top-plates /H 14, which are connected to the wall structure /H -VII with the reinforcing fastener subsystem /H3 -VII, which continues vertically down through the wall to its base /H 5, in the foundation, /H6. However, the roof is not directly fastened to the wall so that, in an extremely severe wind-storm, the roof may come off the top-plate but the walls will be more likely to survive because wind-pressure against the roof will not affect the wall-fastener subsystem. 13. ASSEMBLY OF LOG/TIMBER INTERFACE TO INSIDE FLOOR-SUPPORT STRUCTURE

Procedure for installation of girders and joists into pockets in the log/timber interior walls:

For the first floor over crawl-space with pier or continuous perimeter foundations, or for the second or higher floor levels with all foundations: girders, beams or joists /H12, are put into the pre-routed 3" deep girder- and joist- pockets in the log/timber walls at higher-level-floor / next-lower-level-ceiling positions on the log/timber wall, at intervals consistent with 'CODE' around the entire wall perimeter. These floor-support components may be installed into the pockets while the interior load-bearing partitions, stairs and other support-structures are being constructed, after the outside walls are completed. When there are structurally destabilizing environmental difficulties at the site, or if it's necessary that floors support higher ranges of weight/loads, additional support and reinforcement to help support floor components is available from installation of metal support-brackets or fasteners /H18 that are fastened from the interior wall log/timber course to the girder, joist or beam (/H 2(14 ), g, 12, 13) that extends from each pocket, or with vertical

timber support posts.

14. WINDOW/DOOR INTERFACES AND ASSEMBLY PROCEDURES: T + I = H.

As the log/timber walls are assembled, in accordance with architectural/construction plans, / L i openings in the wall are left for later installation of /Lii the window/door interface components, and of prefabricated windows and doors. The window/door interface components are designed to adapt the uneven ends or awkward surfaces of 'A'-shaped log/timber components around window/door openings to most or all prefabricated windows or doors, and to shield exterior seams between log/timber walls and windows or doors from infiltration of moisture and adverse weather conditions. These window/door frame-interfacing components have two parts -- a. The first part of the window/door interface is shaped like a long 'T' /L , M 23 B with one window or door length board of dimensions that depend on the size of the window or door and on site required thickness (diameter) of the log/timber components which may vary according to climate, etc. (Normally the board is about 11" wide, about 5/4 -1 ½ " deep and is butted into 23α, an equal lengthed, about 14" wide, about 7/2- 13 /8" deep, off- center-grooved plank, lengthwise so as to form the long /M 23

'T'-section for the window/door interface,) b. The other part of the window/ door interface is another center-grooved board, ( /L , /M 24) called the 'I'-section, that is the same length as the first 'T'-section but is about 8-12" wide, about 3/4- 1-1 /2" deep, and has decorative finishes or bevels along each interior side edge. c. The 'T'-sections are installed around the window/door opening from the exterior, /L and /M 2 3, 26 before the pre-fab window or door component is installed. Later, 'I'-sections are installed around the window/door opening from the interior, after the pre-fab window or door component has been installed into the opening lined with the 'T'-sections. When the groove along the center of the 'I'-section is fitted on the end of the 'T'-section's stem, the completed interface component is shaped like an 'H' turned on its side, with the log/timber component lap-ends fitted inside the 'H' indentation on one side of the 'H', and the window/door with its opening mechanism and frame inside the 'H' indentation on the other side. d. Following is the procedure for installation of windows or doors by means of the improved, special 'H'-shaped frame-interfaces:

(1.) For windows: the base for the window, ( /J, /F, /L, /M 21) generally called the sill, must be the special partial (about 2/3 high) log/timber window-base 'sill' component that is flat and level from the top joint-ledge to the exterior edge (without any top A-shape) but that does have a normal bottom A-shaped joint under this log/timber window-base, and that is as long as the width of the raw window opening before any framing.

For windows and doors: there is a 2:a→(1)→b uncovered A-shape joint immediately above each opening. This is adapted with a special 2/3 height log/timber (/F,/J,/L,/M 22 component that is laterally flat along its bottom, from the interior edge to the exterior (without the bottom A-shape) that has the normal A-shaped joint on its top, and that is as long as the width of the raw window opening. This is generally called a headjamb (/ F, /L, /M 22), and is set into the top of the window/door opening, completing the last A-shaped joint over the window/door opening. The 1/2-2/3 log/timber heaojam b or sill over and under the openings may be fastened into position /L18,3 with special compatible end-nuts and bolts, set in and ends cut or plugged to match, /L i , /M ix, 18^.

(2.) Window-interfaces and windows are installed after the walls are completely finished from foundation through top-plate (or after the roof is finished). Optionally, log/timber components' end-laps may have been cut off at the factory for planned window opening positions, or end-laps may be left on the log/timber components and non-reactive insulative pads /L 19, / M v 1 9 // 2 (12) inserted to fill the gaps between end-laps on each side of window/door openings. These insulative pads would be inserted into gaps between the left end-laps and between the right end-laps of the log/timber components, on both sides of all window or door openings in the wall. Then the sides of the window or door openings will be straight and even, with all large gaps filled with effective thermal barriers. Layers of caulking and flexible adhesive chinking compound should be applied all around each door or window opening's perimeter, particularly to fill uneven open crevices. Larger gaps should be filled with insulative padding or chinking compound. Then, moisture-resistant caulking should be applied all around the exterior joint-borders of each opening's perimeter, /L i , /Mi, ii, v, vii : 8, 9, 19.

(3.) After all gaps are filled with insulating material and the opening perimeters are caulked, the 'T'-shape frame-interface part sections should be placed onto the window/door opening so that the 'T' 23a top-piece is over the exterior of the wall around the opening, (/L,/M iii 21, 22, 23) while the stem of the 23b 'T' is set onto the opening's perimeter with one long side of the frame-interface 'T'-part's stem pressed /M i i i tightly and smoothly against the flexible adhesive 8 chinking compound and the moisture-resistant caulking 8 around the opening's perimeter. First, press the 21,4, lower sill's (windows only) frame-interface 'T'-part

23, into place on the opening. Then, press the two /L: B, C sides' frame-interface ,23 'T'-parts, stems' vertical ends on the horizontal sill and closely against the flexible adhesive chinking compound and moisture-resistant caulk, 8, around the window/door opening's side perimeters (/L,

/M 2, 2(12), 2(13)) while the lower ends of these parts are also pressed against the previously placed, caulked corner ends of the lower-sill's frame-interface, /L:B→A,C→A.

Finally, on top, set the head jamb's frame-interface (/M ii22, /L:D,

23) into the opening, pressing the 'T'-part's stem (23 b) closely against the adhesive chinking compound and caulk (8, 22 ) around the opening's top perimeter, while the outer ends of the head jamb,23,interface 'T'-part are fitted/L:D→C,D→B, closely against the water-resistant, adhesive caulk on top of the ends of the side frame-interfaces. Nail or (18) fasten the 'T'-stems to the log/timber components over and under the opening (but do NOT nail them to log/timber component ends on the sides).

(4.) After the caulk and chink between the opening perimeter and the frame-interface has set, apply, /M i v - v iii : 8 another round of adhesive water-proof caulking, this time inside both sides of the interfaces' other 'T'-top

'armpit' angle, lengthwise along the open area of the/M 23c inside corner of the frame-interface lining the complete perimeter of the opening. Then, from the interior of the structure, put the pre-fabricated/J,/L, /M:26, 33 window or door into the frame-interface lining the opening, pressing it tightly into this adhesive, 8, waterproof caulking in the angle of the inside of the 'T'-shaped frame-interface that has been installed around the opening's perimeter. Finally, apply the window/door manufacturer's fasteners from the window/door into the frame-interface, as required by the manufacturer.

(5.) If the pre-fab window/door component is considerably narrower than the depth of the log/timber component and its interface (as is usually the case),

Mix, v, vii, ix, it will be necessary to add matching pieces of wood, as a wedge 25, to fill in between the prefabricated window/door frame and the interior end of the interface 'T'-stem. Since the log/timber wall components may vary dimensionally in reaction to climatic changes, etc. the interface sections on the sides of window/door openings are not fixed (fastened) to the wall component ends, but instead the openings' side log/timber cLnkeΛ. component-ends are free to moderately shift, expand or contract inside the interfacing. The interfacing is /M iv-ix securely fixed, horizontally, to the log/timber 2 1, 22 components over and under the opening, while these hold B, C, the side sections in place by joint-pressure and with flexible adhesive. otherwise, to fasten the window/door component into the wall, apply the window/door 26, 33 manufacturer's fasteners from the window/door into the 23 frame-interface, as required by the manufacturer.

(6.) After the pre-fabricated window/door has been installed and attached to the interface around the opening's perimeter, apply 'tacky' adhesive over the 23b protruding tongue-ends of the 'T'-stems between the window/door component and wall. Then, install /M i v - v iii 'I'-shaped (/M 24) frame-interface parts all around the 2, 21 , 22 d perimeter of the window opening, applying them from the structure's interior, so that the lengthwise 24 routed groove goes on over the gluey tongue-end of the 23b

'T'-stem (protruding beyond the window/door component) from the first interface part (between the window/door and the wall-end perimeter) that was just previously installed from the exterior. Since these last /M v ,vii,

'I'-sections 24 are installed with 'tacky' adhesive (or similar means), it will be possible to remove these last sections temporarily whenever a window mechanism requires repair or replacement.

This completes the installation of a window or door into a log/timber wall opening with this specially adapted interface, making an 'H'-shaped casing /M v ii-ix (visualize the 'H'-shape used turned over 1/4 turn, with the (T-stem) central 'H'-bridge element acting as the buffer between the log/timber components and the prefab window/door).

INSTALLATION OF THE SHOCK-ABSORBING FOUNDATION BLANKET 15. For these log/timber structures with wood's structurally advantageous properties for use in geologically unstable zones, structural strength and endurance may be enhanced by an innovative shock-absorbing and adaptive foundation component that will improve the foundation's and structure's resistance to seismic and geologic phenomena. For example, if a combination slab /K32 foundation with continuous perimeter /C, /D, /H: 6, or if /J,/K29 piers are to be used, a special blanketing layer of synthetics /K27with a combination of materials would be inserted, between the piers and under the slab, that is within the concrete foundation perimeters /C , /H, /J, /K 6, 2 9 and over the lower sand/gravel sub-foundation layers /C, /H 6d, so as to be below the vapor-barriers and /K 31 rigid insulating foam layer under the slab, /K32.

The combination of materials imbedded in this special synthetics-combination blanketing layer /K 27would contain /K ; 27(b),K) shock-absorbing balls (like bearings or shock-absorbers) or blocks, made from material like that of truck-tires (could be used cut-up /C 27 (r) fo r recycling), along with interlaced lengths of /K 2 7(d ) reinforcing tire cords. These bearings and cords are bonded into a flexible adhesive with properties /K 27(a) somewhat like bubble-gum, with all of these elements arranged together into a format similar to that of /K27 components inside a box-spring (for a bed). This flexible blanket of gummy adhesive with shock-absorbing balls/blocks can be set between (peelable) glazed kraft-paper sheets at the factory, and then this papered shock-absorbing blanket is rolled up for shipping. After delivery, this blanket would be unrolled for handling and installation on the construction site. The shock-absorbing blanket layer, /K27is unrolled and installed so that it extends under all the central areas of the structure up to the foundation perimeter (/J,/K29,34 piers or piles.

Thus, these balls/blocks (truck-tire material /K27(b),(c) bearings) would absorb the force from extended-area seismic jolts, the reinforcing cord would offer 27(d) flexible tensile cohesion and the gummy adhesive also flexibly adapt moderate changes in the ground's shape to the fixed shape of the solid foundation under the structure. Therefore, the foundation and structure may ride the shifting ground as a boat rides on waves, because the forces transmitted by the solid ground are moderated by the flexible intermediating, shock-absorbing layer between the footings or piers and under the concrete slab /Gil, in the foundation.

SET OF EFFICIENT STRUCTURE COMPONENTS AS A STRUCTURAL SYSTEM 16. Therefore, as a result of the combined synergetic interaction of the various previously described innovative and improving components, features and functions, especially those including: the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components with innovative profiles and features comprising the buttressed A-shape joint, the channel and tab elements, as well as the moisture- and thermal- protection features, /B-/H:2,21,22 along with various innovative features and functions of the high tensile, resiliant, metal reinforcing fasteners and fastener subsystem (/C, /D, /H : 3, 4) and together with the cushioning washers, as well as the components assembled in relation to the foundation that has appropriate site-customized features and/or the optional adaptive, shock-absorbing blanket, (/C,/H,/K: 5, 6, 27, 28, 2 9) this combination of components simultaneously interreacts together as a system, in a synergistic manner : to SECURE the innovative log/timber components

WITH INTERLOCKING CONNECTIONS FROM TAB TO TAB,

to MODERATE STRUCTURAL DISCREPANCIES and to disperse stress and tension, as well as to EQUILIBRATE components in interactive relays between proximate components as fasteners function with log/timber elements and components so that for any three consecutive tab/fastener links, the middle one can act as a pivot/fulcrum while the two outer fasteners act as end limit-weights on a see-saw, to STABILIZE the exterior WALL STRUCTURE /G-VI: BY the scope of EASEMENT within vertical and horizontal limits that ALLOW MODERATED AND DISPERSED 'MOVEMENT' among components, and BY.the FUNCTIONAL AND CONNECTIVE ADAPTING, BRIDGING, BALANCING AND COMPENSATING SELF-ADJUSTMENT FEATURES that operate IN COUNTERPOSITION TO dimensional VARIATIONS and moderate STRUCTURAL DISPLACEMENT, (assuming correct EFFICIENT STRUCTURE assembly procedures), whereby, structural stability, strength and durability, as well as ease and solidity of assembly, are functionally improved and quantitatively increased in a synergistic manner as a result of the combinatory effects of all these special characteristics, features, functions and attributes of this EFFICIENT STRUCTURE comprehensive system of log/timber construction. Therefore, most major problems typical of log structures are solved by these innovative, improved components as combined in this EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber system, since these problems are usually caused by 'movements', structural and dimensional variation, divergeance, displacement and deterioration as log structures, and components with varying intrinsic wood characteristics react to changing external climatic, geophysical, structural and environmental conditions which may result in structural separation, stress or tension damage from warpage, cupping, twisting, checking, cracking, splitting, shrinkage, expansion, rot, compression, dynamic force loads, shifting, torsion, slipping and/or settling.

17. INSTALLATION OF AUXILIARY COMPONENTS AND FITTINGS: a. UTILITIES-ENTRY AND OTHER AUXILIARY COMPONENTS

Utility-entry components (for: electrical connection to outside powerlines, plumbing connections to outside municipal mains and sewage lines or wells and septics, and telephone and cable lines, or for vents and etc.) are hollow, simulated, appearance-matching log/timber components made of synthetic materials, /J 7 These special-purpose, appropriately sized, simulated log/timber components T, will be molded with a hollow 7a compartment to fit the size of respective utility entry equipment, with necessary equipment access on the interior that is camouflaged with a removable panel or cover, and with appropriately sized exterior openings 7b (to fit connecting lines, pipes or vents) that are thermally shielded and caulked for moisture resistance. These components have solid laps on the ends, with an 7:(12),(13) overall shape and form similar to those of regular wood log/timber components, and are similarly installed into the walls at planned positions. b. INSTALLING WEATHER-SHIELDS ON SEAMS AND CORNERS: The log/timber lapped joints end-joint (/D2, /F2 :

(12), (13) : j-m, p-t, V-X) and structural corner joint (/E, /J 2: (12), (13)) exterior seams within courses The log/timber lapped joints end-joint (/D2, /E2: (12), (13) : j, k, 1, m, n) and structural corner joint (/D, /E 2: (12), (13)) exterior seams within courses are covered with caulked, matching-color plastic moisture-proof weather shields (/D 10, 10a, 10b and 10c, /H 20) to prevent wind infiltration and rain penetration into these joints. Special matching synthetic weather-proof square shields 10, are caulked into the lapped horizontal end-joints to protect these joints and vertical corner-shaped, 'post'-style shields /H20, protect outside corner-joints from adverse weather and thermal infiltration.

Apply caulk and/or chinking compound /C8, as necessary, on each right end-joint facet (/D, /E 2(12) j,k, ) of the previous log/timber component most recently installed (/D 2 III) in the course before placement of the next adjacent log/timber (/D, /E 2(13) IV); cover each end-joint /D2(12) j->k-> , with the caulked back tab (tongue) of the water-proof weather shields, 10 c, (straight end seams) /D10, before placing the left 2(13) end-joint lap (of the next log/timber component to be set onto the wall) over onto the stem of the (caulked) water-proof weather shield in place on the right 2 (12 ) end-lap of the log/timber component already in the wall.

All the seams in each outside corner are covered with a simulated post-like (hollow corner) cover of matching water-proof synthetic material, which is shaped like a vertically folded, right-angled plastic strip. These corner-post weather shields /J20 are the height of one complete floor level (floor to ceiling) and wider than the corner joint-seams, with a 20d rectangular tab protruding from behind (inside) each corner shaped weather shield. The tabs are located near the top of these corner-post weather shields /H20.

Caulking is applied to the right end-lap for each corner joint on the last course at ceiling height, as well as to the top of the corner-post weather shield tab, and also to the back of the corner-post weather shield along the inside corner. Next, a corner-post weather shield is placed over each floor-height corner (/J,/H, iii , ii: 2(12)-V, 8, 9, 20) with the caulked tab on the exposed ceiling level right end-lap, pressing the tab down on the caulking on the log/timber end-lap and pressing the /J 20b back of the caulked weather shield against the corner of the log/timber wall. Then, the next log/timber component and its left end-lap are put into position, in the wall, onto the caulked corner-post weather shield tab that is on the caulked right end-lap, to make a corner joint. This corner-post weather shield completely covers all the cornering end-joint seams for all the courses (/H 2-V) in one whole floor-level. Also, the bottom of the corner-post weather shield 20

for each next floor-level on each particular corner, /Jii will overlap the top of the next lower corner-post weather shield 20c, that was previously placed on the wall. c. SNAP-ON MOLDINGS TO COVER UTILITY LINES IN CHANNELS After the electrical, communications, and security network lines have been installed in the triple , g a-c

channels in log/timber components around the floorlevel perimeters of the completed structure, attractive molding panels IF 11 , are put on to cover the lines g- in

the channels between the outlets. The simulated wood moldings are hooked into a groove at the top of the channel, a, and then snapped into another groove at the bottom, b, of the channels. The exterior surface of the molding-cover looks like a standard, 6" high, streamlined 'S'-curve shaped baseboard molding. The outlet fittings connect with the molding-covers, adjoining them compatibly and attractively.

NOTE: The innovatively designed and engineered major components and features described above must implicitly include any supplementary minutiae and such related and/or subordinate modifications that may be necessary for optimization of products or materials, as well as for structural, manufacturing, or construction improvements, and/or for specialized client, use, design or site requirements.

LISTS OF DRAWINGS AND COMPONENTS 12/6/89

Research and Technical Writinα by A. Q, Stephens of ASSOCIATED BUSINESS SUPPORT INTERNATIONAL

P.O.BOX 13608

Salem, Oregon 97309 for

THE EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT (A catalogue of innovative practical building components) presenting

THE EFFICIENT STRUCTURE

List of Drawings

/A THE A-SHAPED LUG TIMBER

/B THE BUTTRESSED A-SHAPE LOG/TIMBER

/C COMPONENTS' ASSEMBLY PROFILE

/D COMPONENTS' ASSEMBLY FRONT VIEW

/E CORNER DETAIL

/F ELEMENTS, COMPOSITE, HEADJAMB, SILL: PROFILE. TOP. PERSPECTIVE VIEW

/G ROOF COMPONENTS DETAIL

/H ASSEMBLED STRUCTURAL WALL SYSTEM

/J UTILITY-ENTRIES AND CORNER-POST SHIELDS (Synthetic, simulated components)

/K SHOCK-ABSORBING FOUNDATION BLANKET

/L BEFORE, AFTER: T-I-H DOOR/WINDOW INTERFACE

/M T-I-H INTERFACE ASSEMBLY DETAILS Components. by Number, Where Depicted in Drawings :

1 The Plain A-Shape Log/Timber Component /A

2 The Buttressed A-Shape Log/timber Component /B - /J, /M 3 The Nut-Based Bolt Fastener /C. /D, /G, /H, /L, /M LISTS OF DRAWINGS ANO COMPONENTS 12/6/89

4 Washers /C, /D, /G

5 Special Anchor Bolts /C, /D, /H. /K

6 Foundation, Continuous Perimeter /C, /D, /H 7 Synthetic Utillty-Entry Simulated Log/Timber /J 8 Caulking, Chinking and Adhesive Compound /C. /D, /G, /M 9 Insulating and Cushioning Materials /C, /D, /G, /M

10 End-Seam Weather Shields /D, /J

11 Utillty-Channel Molding Cover /F 12 Floor/Ceiling Support Beams/Joists /H 13 Roof-Support Beams/Joists or Trusses /G, /H 14 Roof-Support Top-Flate /G, /H 15 Subfloor Support Structure /H 16 Finish Flooring /H 17 Rafter /G, /H 18 Special Auxilιary Fasteners /G, /H, /L, /M 19 Log/Timber End-lap Gap Insulation Pads /L, /M 20 Svnthetic Weather-Shields: Simulated "Post' for Corners /J 21 Buttressed A-ShaDe Log /Timber Sill /F, /J, /L, /M 22 " " " / " Headjamb /F, /J, /L, /M 23 Window/Door T-I-H Interface T-Part /J, /L, /M 24 " / " T-I-H " I-Part /M 25 " / " Interface Finish Wedge /M 26 Prefabricated Window /J, /L, /M 27 Shock-Absorbing Foundation Blantet /C, /K 28 Perimeter Frame for Foundation Blanket /K 29 Foundation Piers /J, /K LISTS OF DRAWINGS AN_ COMPONENTS 12/6/89

30 Prepared Sub-Foundation Layers /H. /K

31 Below-Slab Waterproof Insulation Board /K

32 Slab (Separate from perimeter foundation) /C, /K

33 Pre-fab Exterior Door /J

34 Synthetic Special Purpose Foundation Components- /J. /K (In this example: Shock-absorbing F'ecycled Truck Tires (a), between Foundation Piers, with Aesthetic Cover Panels (b))

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS I. COMPONENTS, ELEMENTS, FUNCTIONS, ANDPROCEDURES FOR THEEFFICIENT STRUCTURE BUILDING SYSTEM:The principal innovations, improvements and combinations that I claim in this patent for the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber building system proceed from particular features and elements such as: the A-Shape element's innovations and improvements (see text section I.A.1., 2. and 4.-5.), also from other innovative log/timber, elements, from the log/timber components' complete innovative shapes, profiles and functions (see I.A.1.-2.and 6.-15.), as well as from other interrelated EFFICIENT STRUCTURE innovative or improved components (see II.1.-17.), and from combined interactions as all these are constructed into synergetic structural assemblies with synergistic systemic features and relations, (see III). Accordingly, I claim, dependently to the system, correlative purposes for each (and all) of the elements, features and components in the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber building system, which purposes comprise: that each of these elements, features and components helps in the comprehensive maintenance, support or enhancement of the advantages of log/timber materials and/or the system's useful features, while (not impeding or) helping to reduce or eliminate their problems and disadvantages systematically within complete structures; more particularly (but not exclusively), these correlative purposes are served by use of special components, elements, features and functions which contribute to the durability, useful adaptability, structural stability, resiliency and/or tensile strength of this building system (by synergetically contributing to a comprehensive solution of the various inter-related problems of log/timber structures) including:A. EFFICIENT STRUCTURE LOG/TIMBER COMPONENTSGENERAL PURPOSES AND FEATURES /A1, /B - /G 2: a - n & (1-14), 20, 21 1. I independently claim the principal EFFICIENT STRUCTURE components, comprising log/timber-type components with innovative and purposeful composite shapes that combine several innovative features to achieve improvements over Prior Art, as these combinations comprehensively or interdependently solve several long-persisting problems of log building construction, thereby providing many unique structural advantages for the system, since these innovative and purposeful composite-shape log/timber-type components with innovative adjunctive and connective elements, functionally versatile end-joint elements and structurally purposeful profiles that resemble modified assymetrical six or eight-sided polygons, may be made from less expensive scrub or second-growth logs that are from 11 to 15 inches in diameter or from other materials adapted for special constructive purposes, (each of these two related basic shapes being individually suitable for distinct purposes) and are so shaped, as modified polygons, partly because a hexagonal or octagonal component would be more closely similar to a raw log's circular shape which presents practiccl cost/benefit advantages in structural purposes and thermal energy-saving capacities by so optimizing raw log use;

1.0.1. so that, in all, these log/timber-type components' purposeful composite-shapes most efficiently i. account for reduced waste of materials, labor and energy resources used for manufacture, assembly and finished product utility; and ii. result in lower finished wood product unit/cost in volume, relative to some common building products (assuming good management and marketing), including standard frame construction components, iii. yet this system's elements, components, features and functions combinatively maintain or ENHANCE these log/timber components' inherent structural advantages of superior tensility, cohesiveness and resiliancy, resulting in a better quality product with substantial innovative structural improvements over Prior Art; 1.0.2. further to the log/timber components, the following processes, features and considerations apply generally to all EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber-type components:

1.0.2.1. I dependently claim inclusion of relational specifications for manufacturing methods comprising establishment of consistent vertical (and relative perpendicular horizontal) continuity between all EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components and structural elements in each building, {to differentiate from the excessively haphazard structural form common to traditional log components that sacrifice current rigorous structural requirements to accomodate rustic styling. by adapting these requirements to fit some traditional methods of manufacture that emphasize 'quaint' individual raw logs' peculiarities}, wherein these relationally specific methods include: the first cut (where applicable) made to shape each component is that for the interior wall facet, which element must be made optimally straight and smooth so that this structurally vertical component plane may serve both as a continuing plumb vertical plane for finished interior wall assemblies, and also as a consistent shaping guide for each and every log/timber component in the structure, by which means all these log/timber components may be shaped to the optimally precise and consistent EFFICIENT STRUCTURE forms despite a variety of exterior irregularities that are typical in raw logs: this is also significant in that by means of this special shaping and consistent functional form of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE Log/Timber, the basic structural equilibration of each component in an assembly, relative to its shape and weight distribution, is improved, so that many deleterious structural effects of localized irregularities, typical for all raw logs, are to a considerable extent minimized, since the greatest strengths of the log/timber materials lie along the lengthwise fibral and cohesive structure and layers irrespective of minor local anomalies or minor general variations in internal structural symmetry: 1.0.2.2. each log/timber profile's polygonal shape

(which initially is closest to the natural log shape and least wasteful) is minimally modified by inverting the angles, in one or two different positions for the interface elements vertically across the log, so that the top junctural element's two or three facets, side/angle/side (most economical component 1 in illustration /A which is better than Prior Art) or side/angle/side/angle/side (component 2 in illustration /B, best because it is structurally strongest and most durable), are supplemental to and parallel and congruent with the bottom junctural element's two or three facets, side/angle/side (/A1), or side/angle/side/angle/side (/B2), with the interface shapes for both COMPONENTS' FIRST - SIDE/ANGLE/SIDE SECTIONS (on each log's top and bottom) FORMING PARALLEL RECIPROCAL A-SHAPED OR MODIFIED A- SHAPE INTERFACE ELEMENTS, with further particulars described below in sections 1.1., 2. and 4., 1.0.2.3. in both log/timber-type component profiles, the shape of the top (joint) facets and intervening vertices are parallel, reciprocal and congruent with bottommost (joint) facets and intervening vertices, therefore, with any two of the same type of log/timber components, the modified bottom joint-facets on one component fit easily (see /C and /D) onto the modified top facets of the other log/timber component, to make a joint/interface;

1.0.2.4. I dependently claim allowance for the purposeful variation of the general length or depth of the components and/or of the precise element or joint dimensions, as well as of such elements' size and/or shape (including: acuteness or obtuseness, shallowness or depth, skewness or symmetry) such as the width of the A-shape bases and/or angles, since these may depend partly on tolerances based on particular or unusual site, use and/or structural requirements involving such considerations as appropriate log diameters (as thermal mass barrier) for various climatic conditions, or considerations of inherent characteristics of particular materials or of the site for that construction, while still maintaining consistent relative vertical linearity among components within a building, for structural continuity;

1.0.2.5. in addition to the vertical interior wall facet (/A1 and /B2 d) and the joint facets, both profiles of each type of log/timber component may also have either a beveled clapboard-style exterior facet (/A1, /B2 h), or exterior design-styles of original round rustic or vertically flat timber, a plank or block -style, for (1h or 2h) exterior facets on components with either type of interface;

> further to these EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components -- the principal innovations, advantages and improvements provided by these innovatively shaped log/timber component inclusively comprise the following elements/features in combinations with particular structurally synergetic or synergistic purposes/functions: SELF-ADJUSTING A-SHAPE JOINT/INTERFACE ELEMENTS (/A 1: (2)->a->(1)->b->(3) and (6)->g->(5)->f->(7), /B 2: (2)->a->(1)->b->(3a) and (6)->g->(5)->f->(7)) 1.1. I independently claim one of the principal operative elements on the innovative log/timber-type components for the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE building system, comprising SELF-ADJUSTING A-SHAPED JOINT/INTERFACE ELEMENTS, with these elements' special innovative means for structurally adjusting, adapting and moderating interfaces to SOLVE SOME LONG PERSISTING PRIOR ART LOGTYPE BUILDINGS' STRUCTURAL AND environmental REACTION PROBLEMS, which means include the slipping and shifting capacities of A-shape elements in the interface (so that JUNCTURES EASILY READJUST by sliding into new positions at slightly shifted, alternatively multi-directional angles) so these joints are thereby made SELF-ADAPTING to localized adjunctive surface anomalies (knots, etc.) as well as minor horizontal and vertical positional variations within the adjunctive faces of the joints in an assembled wall, even though there may be many localized positional discrepancies on joint-surfaces in respect to seasonally variant surface contacts between contiguous components (diverse unevenness that may develop, over time, given varied reactions to environmental changes on wood grain differences of fibral density and form, at different localized points on the joint faces),

1.1.0.1. wherein the first joint-element's A-shaped section is made by one pair (/, \) of bevelled saw-cuts (/A1, /B2: (1)->a->(2) and (1)->b->(3)) angled inward and upward from two structurally significant (subject to criteria described in section A.1.0.1.1.) points on the lower outside surface of the raw peeled log circumference, through sapwood ring layers /B2(10), to the A-shape angle vertex (/A1, /B2 (1)), so that the cuts end together at a vertex-point near or into the log's heartwood (core) /B2(9), (in accordance with criteria described in section A.1.0.2.4., this may depend on such considerations as those of inherent wood type characteristics including whether the rings easily separate), while the second A-shaped section is made by two bevel-cuts, (/A1, /B2: (5)->g->(6) and (5)->f->(7)), angled outward and downward from the vertex (/A1, /B2 (5)) on the topmost point on the asymmetric polygonal log/timber, with each pair of cuts forming an angle vertex with two sides ( Λ : A-Shape), one 'A' protruding at the log top and the other indented at the log bottom, so that each side of the upper protruding A-shape (/A1, /B2: (6)->g->(5)->f->(7)) is respectively parallel to that corresponding side of the lower indenting A-shape (/Al, /B2: (2)->a->(1)->b->(3)), forming two complementary A-shapes; thus, these cuts make two specially cut, reciprocal A-Shaped joint elements, each parallel to the other at the top and the bottom of each log/timber component, in accordance with the criteria described in sections A.: 1.0.2.3. and 1.0.2.4., so that, for any two of the same type components, the bottom joint-elements on one log/timber component easily fit onto the top joint-elements of the other component to make a joint/interface; 1.1.1. further to the A-Shape element's applications on the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components' profiles I dependently claim the A-Shape's advantageous structural functions and effects as modified to act compatibly in combination with inherent log/timber heartwood (core), grain strength, and fibral length, and the materials' structural, tensile and cohesive characteristics, comprising the sloped indented bottom A-Shape element cut straightly and smoothly across the ring-layers into the log/timber component, opening the A-Shape space to RELEASE the INTERNAL layers, thereby relieving PRESSURES of conflicting divergeant stresses and reactive instabilities from contraction and expansion between the inconsistent densities of wood grain fibers within the concentric sapwood striae (rings) inside logs, thereby solving deterioration problems (checks and cracks), particularly since these A-cuts end in a neat A-Shape vertex opening at a major stress-point, so forming this specially designed joint as to be stronger and stabler (for example by positioning the indented A-vertex in close relation to the strongest heartwood center) than the Prior Art method of kerfing, (a jagged axe slash into the log to release internal pressures) since kerfing often spread to become cracks or splits if there were other pressures or stresses on components; 1.1.1.1. further to the A-Shape joint/interface elements' enhancement of wood materials durability, I dependently claim the exterior-facing bevelled upward-running facets a and g, (see /Al, /C, /D: a->(1)->b, g->(5)->f), which comprise a primary instrument in forming an adaptive, strong, weather- and moisture- resistant closed exterior jointing (since water rarely moves uphill), these attributes further enhanced by application of thermally non-reactive, waterproof caulk /C8 to seal out moisture along the exterior joint-edge (/B2 g-(6)), and placement of a moisture- proof, insulating and cushioning sheeting /C9 lengthwise along the log/timber over the area centred on the vertices (/B2, /C: 2 g->f) of the log/timber, to improve the thermal barrier function by filling temporary small spaces between the A-Shaped joint faces. PLAIN A-SHAPED JOINT/INTERFACE LOG/TIMBER COMPONENT

/A 1: (2)->a->(l)->b->(3) // (6)->g->(5)->f->(7), (5)=> ! =>(1)

2. I independently claim the improved EFFICIENT STRUCTURE PLAIN A-SHAPE interfaced log/timber component profile, as in component 1, illustration /A, including special features subject to the criteria stated above in sections A: 1.0.2.1., 1.0.2.3., 1.0.2.4., 1.1., 1.1.1., and 1.1.1.1., which component OFFERS substantial IMPROVEMENTS OVER other log building INTERFACES COMMON IN CURRENT USE, particularly when OPTIMUM ECONOMY IS A PRIMARY CONSIDERATION, because IF construction requirements and site conditions are favorable (where geophysical and/or environmental circumstances at a particular building site are not severely adverse and structural requirements are not excessively complex) the plain A-shape log/timber interface profile can suffice to economically construct a stabler structure than that of Prior Art since this Plain A-Shape log/timber component improves upon the other cited log components by solving a few of many LONG-UNSOLVED Prior Art LOG BUILDINGS' STRUCTURAL AND REACTIVE (known as 'MOVEMENT') PROBLEMS; Plain A-Shape Joint/Interface

2.1. further to the advantageous features of the Plain Self-Adjusting A-Shape joint elements, these include the sloped sides and vertex of the A-shape joint/interface elements as well as some advantageous features described in sections A: 1.0.2.1., 1.0.2.3., 1.1. and 1.1.1., whereby these A-Shaped junctures SELF-ADJUST TO MAINTAIN CLOSED JOINTS, thus SOLVING ONE MAJOR PROBLEM of log buildings by reducing the opening of gaps to weather between assembled log/timber components through the slipping and shifting capacities of A-shape elements in the interface, by which means JUNCTURES EASILY READJUST by sliding into new positions at slightly shifted, alternatively multi-directional angles, while gravity will continuously tend to pull the A-shape surfaces and vertices of the joints, sliding into a closed position as the lengthwise log/timber joint A-vertices come together to moderate the slipping, so that, if site conditions are mild, and if flexible chinking compound or synthetic foam gaskets are applied between Plain A- Shape joints to fill in small irregularities in the joint facets gaps will not open to weather despite a range of varying changes that may occur in positions between components: such as changes caused by expansion, shrinkage, distortion or warpage, from diurnal or seasonal climatic changes,

2.1.1. BUT, where geophysical and/or environmental circumstances at a particular construction site include the possibility of more adverse phenomena, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, or even moderate seismic disturbances (it is never expected to be able to overcome extreme seismic problems: such as building on quake epicenter sites, nor sites straddling faults, etc.) that may cause more severe torsion, shifting and wrenching stress, or where other, relatively complex, stress problems exist, such as structures with more than one floor level (greater cumulative loads/compression), or frequent heavy snow loads on roofs which add to the weight of loads transferred through walls, then the A-shaped joint would perform better with other added improvements to better stabilize and reinforce interfaces under greater stress from excessive structural loads or severely adverse external forces,

2.1.1.1. accordingly, special care must be taken to consider particular site requirements since the plain A-Shape element is particularly vulnerable to stress from cumulative weight loads with excessive compression or from dynamic forces applied on A-Shape slopes' downward/outward load/force-transfer effects, as FACTORS GREATER THAN TOLERANCE RANGES would tend to CAUSE the simple A-Shape jointed log/timber COMPONENT TO SPLIT at the indented vertex (the way a wedge is used to split a firewood log) -- under which circumstances damage is more likely because nothing limits or controls these typical downward/outward-slide effects which the A-Shape's sloping open facets (/A1 ( 2 ) ->( 1) -> ( 3 ) ) have in these joints /inter faces , SO, where site conditions or structural requirements are difficult, other FEATURES THAT COMPREHENSIVELY SOLVE THESE PROBLEMS and difficulties MUST BE ADDED to achieve an improved A-Shape combination in the log/timber component profile:

2.1.1.2. adding a BUTTRESS (as in section A.3., below) to A-SHAPE COMPONENTS /B2 would SOLVE MOST PRIOR ART LOG STRUCTURE PROBLEMS (including those unsolved by a Plain A-Shape component) AND ALSO PROVIDE FURTHER COMBINATIVE SYNERGISTIC STRUCTURAL IMPROVEMENTS:

THE JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESS SECTION

/B, /C, /F 2: (7)->e->(8) top, & (3)(a)->c->(4) bottom; e=>!=>c

3. Therefore, I independently claim a JOINT-LEDGE

BUTTRESS SECTION with Buttressing Joint-Ledges to be a complementary stabilizing element within the innovative

EFFICIENT STRUCTURE interface applied herein to log/timber-type components, to solve those problems

(among many log structure problems) that are due to continual reactions by climate-exposed exterior portions of log components to external phenomena which cause log exteriors to change form and reposition to a much greater degree than sheltered, climate-moderated interior portions, then further causing conflicting reactions (to the contrasting conditions) by inner and outer log sections in each integral log/timber component with divergeant log/timber warping and torsion, splitting and other distortion or damage, and, also to solve problems of PLAIN A-Shape joint elements that, though they provide an improvement over PRIOR ART (by having some appropriate uses), still ARE UNSUITABLE FOR DIFFICULT site or construction SITUATIONS, since under adverse conditions the PLAIN A-SHAPED JOINT (/A, /D 1 (1->a->(2)//(5)->g->(6)) canNOT maintain a SECURELY FIXED connection with its adjoining vertex UNLESS the JOINT/INTERFACE is SUPPORTED /B2(l)c, to prevent divergeant downward/outward stress (_<=(!- -!)=>_) from causing PLAIN A-SHAPED JOINT components (/A1: ( (6)->g->_^(5)^_->f- ->(7)) // <=((2)<-a<-(l) <=/!/=> (l)->b->(3))=>_) to crack or split at the component's lower joint-vertex, /Al(l). JOINT-LEDGE SECTION DESCRIPTION & MANUFACTURE 3.0.1. wherein the JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESS SECTION comprises supportive Joint-Ledge elements (/B, /C 2: c, e) that are lengthwise flat level surfaces made according to criteria described in sections A.: 1.0.2.1., 1.0.2.3., 1.0.2.4., and 1.1.1., extending horizontally along the full length of each log/timber component's two (upper and lower) interior joint edges which are on the top and bottom of the interior side of the log/timber interface, so that these Joint-Ledge elements measure approximately half the depth of the component (first the A-Shape element is made narrower within the exterior part of the joint so that its width, altogether, is about half the interface depth on its outside, while the Joint-Ledge element fits into the remaining area in the interior interface half), and, the JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESS SECTION further comprises one non-joint plane facet element, a VERTICAL INTERIOR WALL FACET, to fit between each log/timber component's level top and bottom Buttressing Joint-Ledge elements, which Interior Wall Facet must be made to be EXACTLY PLUMB, TO ESTABLISH RELATIVE VERTICAL LINEARITY WITH A COMPARATIVELY STABLER (protected interior) STRUCTURAL LIMIT COMMON TO ALL COMPONENTS THROUGHOUT THIS EFFICIENT STRUCTURE SYSTEM;

3.0.1.1. further to the Joint-Ledge Buttress Section, this is shaped in accordance with criteria specified in sections A: 1.0.2.1., 1.0.2.2., 1.0.2.4., and 1.1.1., on each log/timber component by:

> first sawing the VERTICAL INTERIOR WALL FACET from the peeled raw, seasoned or dried log, to be a flat plane as described in section A.1.0.2.1.,

> next, after the Vertical Interior Wall element has been cut, the Joint-Ledge interface elements are formed in accordance with criteria specified in section A.1.0.2.1. by another two parallel level saw-cuts (perpendicular to the plumbly cut plane of the interior wall facet) made from the log's interior side (top: (8)->e->(7) and bottom: (4)->c->(3a)) to the shaped component's mid- top and bottom border, on the inner base side of the points where each component's top and bottom modified A-Shape elements will end (since the A-Shape elements are modified by narrowing them within the joint so that these only take about half the depth of the interface) on the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component /B2,

3.1. thus, the lengthwise edges of these three flat planar (facet) segments (that is, two parallel level Joint-Ledge and one vertical Interior Wall planar segments) intersect perpendicularly to make the Joint-Ledge Buttress Section (making-up about one-third to 4/7 the depth of the entire component) with these three elements altogether COMPOSING a long, three- -dimensional RECTANGULAR section (/B, /C, /D, /G 2: (3)->c->(4)->d->(8)->e->(7)), as an integral part within the whole component, and which Joint-Ledge Buttress Section EXTENDS the full HORIZONTAL LENGTH (between the connective end-elements of the log/timber component) WITHIN the CLIMATE-PROTECTED INTERIOR HALF of each log/timber component, integrally adjoining the A-Shape joint elements (that make-up the other remaining exterior portion of the whole component's depth) since the Joint-Ledge elements are connected to the A-Shape elements through adjunctive angle elements (2: (3) + (7));

3.2. SUCH THAT, through this rectangular Joint-Ledge Buttress Section with a plumb vertical interior planar side, CONSISTENT CONTINUING VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL LINEARITY is ESTABLISHED (in accordance with features described in section A.1.0.2.1. and 1.0.2.3.) BETWEEN all these improved EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber COMPONENTS' vertical and horizontal planes FOR PLUMBLY ERECT ASSEMBLAGE, AND, such that the MASS and SHAPE of this Joint-Ledge section are so PROPORTIONED and DESIGNED AS to make it perform effectually as a variance-minimizing, 'TRUE'-'SQUARE'-WEIGHTING, COMPLEMENTARILY RECIPROCATIVE COUNTERBALANCE to the adaptive adjustable A-Shape Section within the log/timber component.

IMPROVED MODIFIED A-SHAPE INTERFACE ELEMENTS 4. I also dependently claim innovative A-SHAPE JOINT ELEMENTS as modified (with special features subject to the criteria stated above in sections A: 1.0.2.1., 1.0.2.3., 1.0.2.4., 1.1.1., 1.1.1.1. and 2.1) so that these fit on the interface alongside the Joint-ledge elements, and the A-Shape joints may be improved by the complementary features of the log/timber component's Joint-ledge elements and thereby achieve additional improvements over Prior Art (beside the advantages from the slipping and shifting self-adjustment capacities of their sloped sides, as above) which modifications comprise narrower A-shaped elements that extend about one-half the depth of the interface (instead of the whole interface) along the length of each component between the end-juncture elements (also the size and shape of these elements may be modified subject to the considerations in section A.1.0.2.4., above); 4.1. such that by these means Buttressed A-Shaped junctures can more dependably SELF-ADJUST TO MAINTAIN CLOSED JOINTS without gaps opening to weather between assembled log/timber components, because (without the uncorrected deleterious effects from downward/outward load/compression stress that can otherwise cause the component to split at the indented A-vertex) gravity pulls and, now compression also pushes adjunctive A-Shape elements together to a state of balanced countervailing mutual resistance, so that sloping joint-surfaces SLIP INTO STABLER AND TIGHTER NEW HORIZONTAL POSITIONS THAT ADAPT INTERFACES TO LOCALIZED ANOMALIES ON FACET SURFACES, DIMENSIONAL CHANGES AND MODERATE STRUCTURAL DIVERGEANCIES (unlike unadaptive Tongue and Groove-type Prior Art joints based on rigid unadaptive construction, which 'pop' out of position or break off from external torsion or disequilibrating forces or from direct stress, pressure or tension on components, or from dimensional distortion or warping as logs react to weather) AS A RESULT OF THE BUTTRESSED A-SHAPE INTERFACE'S MUCH REDUCED TENDENCIES FOR DAMAGE AND DISPLACEMENT FROM LOAD PRESSURE AND STRESS (within definable tolerance ranges of characteristics for different wood types),

4.2. while these modified A-Shaped elements still have JUNCTURES THAT EASILY READJUST by sliding into new positions at slightly shifted, alternatively multi- -directional angles, since they are now STABILIZED/limited BY JOINT-LEDGES AND BY ADAPTABLE locking A-VERTICES, so they are better able (even than the Plain A-Shape joint/interface) to maintain a substantial degree of consistent vertical linearity between assembled components (unlike Flat, Swedish Coped or Hand-Scribed Prior Art joints with NO LIMITing elements TO DEPENDABLY STOP SLIPPAGE);

MANUFACTURE OF THE MODIFIED A-SHAPE SECTION: 4.2.1. further to the Modified A-Shape Interface section: after the Joint-Ledge section elements have been cut (as described above), then, elements for the (more exposed reactive exterior) A-Shape interface section are cut from peeled raw logs as these are specially being shaped into timbers (with special features subject to the criteria stated above in sections A: 1.0.2.1.,

1.0.2.3., 1.0.2.4. and 1.1.1.) including two joint/interface A-Shape elements of the Joint-ledge Buttressed A-Shape Section for the component's exterior half:

> the first joint-element in the exterior A-shape joint/interface section is made by one pair (/, \) of bevelled saw-cuts (/B2: (2)->a->(1) and (3b)->(3a)->b->(1)) angled inward and upward from two structurally significant points (/B: (2), (3b)) on the lower outside surface of the partially shaped (the Joint-Ledge Section was already completed) raw peeled log circumference, through sapwood ring layers /B2 ( 10), to the A-shape angle vertex (/B2 (1)), so that the cuts for the A-angle sides are relatively arranged in an area beginning about five-twelfths from the vertical interior-wall facet, with a range within limits of about one/third to one/half the diameter of the log measured from a starting position relative to the vertical and horizontal linearities of the previously cut joint-ledge along the interior half of the component, and the cuts end together at a vertex-point somewhat centered near or on the log's heartwood (core) /B2(9), also, one portion is cut off the log's surface as these cuts are completed;

> then, the second A-shaped joint element for this section is made, with a similar and relatively aligned (see General Considerations, section A.1.0.1. 1.-5.) shape, by another pair of bevel-cuts, (/B2: (5)->g->(6) and (5)->f->(7)), angled outward and downward from the vertex (/B2 (5)) on the topmost point on the asymmetric polygonal log/timber, cutting into the log surface to remove two portions from its exterior, thereby, each pair of cuts forms an angle vertex with two sides ( /\ : A-Shape), one 'A' protruding at the log/timber top and the other indented at the log/timber bottom, so that each side of the upper protruding A-shape (/B2: (6)->g->(5)->f->(7)) is respectively parallel to that corresponding side of the lower indenting A-shape (/B2: (2)->a->(1)->b->(3)), forming two complementary A-shapes, and the angle vertices are positioned to be relatively aligned in respect to each other and to the consistent structural continuity of vertical and horizontal linearities for the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE Log/Timber Component shape, which is significant in that by means of this special shaping and functional form of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE Log/Timber, the deleterious structural effects of localized irregularities, typical for all log materials, are minimized since the greatest strengths of the log/timber materials lie along the lengthwise fibral and cohesive structure and layers, irrespective of minor local anomalies or variations in internal structural symmetry: thus, these cuts make two reciprocally cut, A-Shaped joint elements, each parallel to the other at the top and the bottom of each log/timber component, which with the exterior surface plane, 2h, this completes the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components Exterior Modified A-Shape Section, and forms part of the JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESSED A-SHAPE INTERFACE;

THE JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESSED A-SHAPE INTERFACE /B , /C, /F 2: < [ (2)->a->(1)->b-> {(3)->c->(4)} ], [ (6)->g->(5)->f-> {(7)->e->(8)> ] > 5. I independently claim the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE Joint-Ledge Buttressed A-Shape Interface comprising the purposeful top and bottom joint-facets ( [(2)->a->(1)->b-> {(3)->c->(4)>] , [(6)->g->(5)->f-> {(7)->e->(8)}] ) of the two complementary sections, the Joint-Ledge Buttress Section and the Self-adjusting A-Shape Section, (which interface is also structurally related to the plumb Vertical Interior Wall element) by which means the Buttressing Joint-Ledge interface elements provide the following features:

Joint-Ledges Stabilize A-Shape Joint/Interface 5.1. I claim, dependently to the Joint-Ledge Buttress Section, the Joint-Ledge joint elements comprising two level planes, one near the component's top interior half and the other near its interior bottom half, so that as two log/timbers with Buttressed A-Shapes are assembled one over the other, (/B, /C, /D, /F 2: (2)->- a->(1)->b->(3)-> <c->(4)} // (6)->g->(5)->f->(7)-> {e->(8)}) next bottom over previous top, they fit together to make a structural interface, in a way that BUTTRESSING JOINT-LEDGES', (/B, /C, /F: 2 c / e) lengthwise flat surfaces along each log's/timber's two inside joint edges, (/B2 (7)->e->(8)) top and (/B2 (3)(a)->c->(4) bottom) act with the SLIP-STOP feature to STOP FURTHER SLIPPING of the sloping A-SHAPES' SIDES, by supporting and stabilizing A-Shape elements in the interface, such that the Buttressing Joint-Ledge enhances the effectiveness of the A-Shape bevel cuts a->b, g->f, described above, by COUNTERVAILING THE DOWNWARD/OUTWARD-SLIDE PRESSURE EFFECTS, which the A-Shape's sloping facets (/A1, /B2 g->(5->f / a->(1)->b) have on the vertex in /A 1(1) and on the joint/interface, with the buttress section in /B 2, so that the BUTTRESSED A-SHAPE joint/interface elements, being SUPPORTED AND REINFORCED by these substantially proportioned Joint-Ledge elements (/B2: {(3)->c->(4)} ->d-> {(7)->e->(8)}) in the interface, are durably STRENGTHENED TO ACT IN SYNERGETIC COMBINATION with logs' or timbers' inherent grain and heartwood (core) strength, and WITH fibral length, WOOD STRUCTURE, tensility and cohesion properties, thereby synergistically functioning more effectively with the following interactive features, SIMULTANEOUSLY: 5.2. I claim, dependently to the A.3. Joint-Ledge Buttress Section, the Buttressing Joint-Ledge element's MODERATING LIMITS as a feature whereby the Buttressing Joint-Ledges operate between contiguous components to help horizontally and vertically stabilize A-Shaped log/timber joint elements by SUPPORTIVELY ALLOWING many varied, INDIVIDUALLY RECIPROCATING A-Shape element adjustments, which LIMIT-MODERATED ADJUSTMENTS comprise position-shifts from localized interreactions, with some easement allowed for 'movement' within the range of Joint-Ledge horizontal/vertical limits, so that discrepancies from A-SHAPE elements' REACTIONS TO EXTERNAL INFLUENCES are CORRECTED TOWARDS the protected interior Joint-Ledge's general COUNTERVAILING STANDARD OF RELATIVE VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL SQUARENESS within the structural system; therefore, by these means, specifically performing this function in COMBINATION with other features, stabilizing Joint-Ledges' slip-stopping 'true' system-oriented squareness limit and moderate the reactive A-shapes' joint-adjusting slippage, and provide level counterbalancing interface support against (non-cataclysmic) strains, pressures and instability caused by uneven, changing, inter-reactive and often unsymmetrical, internal and external variable phenomena including vertical, lateral and longitudinal disequilibriums as well as structural stress and instability aggravated by localized grain factors common to wood-timber composition (such as shrinkage, swelling or warpage affected by inherent fibral variations along the contact surfaces), and/or by climatic, environmental and moderate geophysical factors, for example: environmental changes may be as common and frequent as three warm, dry, sunny days with an intervening cool night of heavy rain, followed by a freezing windy day and a blizzard, so the wood components creak as they unevenly shift to adjust to the dimensional shrinkage in dry weather and expansion in wet weather;

5.3. as gravity continuously tends to pull, and compression tends to push the Buttressed A-Shape surfaces and vertices together, these joints/ SLIDE INTO a SECURELY CLOSED INTERFACE-EQUILIBRIUM POSITION, ADJUSTED TO LEVEL by the ample supporting Joint-Ledges and STABILIZED BY the TWO LENGTHWISE SETS OF LOG/TIMBER JOINT VERTICES (/B-/D 2: (5)/!/(1) + (7)/!/(3)) (so components don't split nor does the assembly slip askew) when they COME TOGETHER TO STOP THE SLIPPING, furthermore, this TIGHT CLOSING OF EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT ADJUNCTIVE COMPONENTS holds true for many possible LOCALIZED JOINT-SURFACES' POSITIONS IN SEASONALLY VARIANT UNEVEN SURFACE CONTACTS between contiguous components, despite a wide range of non-cataclysmic changes that may occur in positions between components: whether due to expansion, contraction, warpage, shifting or compression, from seasonal climatic changes, geological settling and/or other structural stresses, and whatever the position-correlative variations of cumulative load-bearing transferred weights, may be in an assembled wall, SO, GAPS WILL NOT OPEN TO WEATHER despite varying adverse (non-cataclysmic) conditions that may severely affect variant wood grain densities and layers and/or cause multiple changing positions of adjoining components:

5.3.1. thus, {as compared to B.R. Ward's Patent No. 1,942,348 of 1/2/1934 (intended to "...establish a wind- and water-proof connection between the logs... and to hold the logs against bulging or 'movement' relatively inwardly or outwardly.") with its weaknesses of insufficient strength in the inner element, as cited for reference in Sebastian Goldade's Patent No. 4,312,161 of 1/26/1982, which also has problems (although Goldade's interface streamlines the manufacturing processes) with the smallness of exterior control-parts, a weakness of these interface-reinforcing joint-elements in both the patents because of the position along their weaker exterior rings, these PRIOR ART components are naturally more likely to break apart, so these interfaces still do not adequately resolve the FULL INTERRELATED ENVIRONMENTAL AND STRUCTURAL RANGE OF COMMON ADVERSE FACTOR VARIATIONS (including deterioration of materials from rot caused by interface moisture, and/or unbalancing component slippage caused by moderate structural disequilibrium from dynamic external forces, or assymetrical structural effects such as slippage, imbalance, disequilibration, displacement and other 'out-of-square' discrepancies from inherent wood grain anomalies, structural settling, log 'movement', dynamic forces, and/or other environmental or geophysical phenomena) for the problems of moisture-variant, time-seasoning and stress-related, component-weakening ring-layer separation, checking, cracking, and splitting: adverse factors that often occur THROUGHOUT the log components within a structural assembly -- conscious that since many of THESE CAUSES AND EFFECTS ARE INTERDEPENDENT, solving one or two minor adverse factors does not necessarily achieve a strong, sound and durable structure;}

5.3.2. also, in contrast to PRIOR ART Ward and Goldade components, the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE Buttressed A-Shape Interface offers highly effective Weather-Interface- -Protecting features THAT maintain a TIGHT ADJUNCTURE OF THE JOINT/INTERFACE TO STAY SECURELY CLOSED TO WEATHER yet also minimize structural strains, pressures and instability (caused by uneven, changing, often unsymmetrical, interacting, internal and external phenomena, including vertical, lateral, transversal, longitudinal, torsional and compressive tension, dynamic forces, imbalance or strains, and/or by variable climatic, geophysical and environmental factors) that can otherwise undermine the structure, by means of the INTERREACTIVE RE-EQUILIBRATING SELF-ADJUSTMENT (/B, /C, /D 2: a->(1)->b // g->(5)->f; a=>!=>g, b=>i=>f) of the sloped A-facets' localized shifting and slipping actions which are LIMITED, STABILIZED and SUPPORTED by the COUNTERBALANCING of the substantially proportioned, 'true' level Joint-Ledges, by which interdependent features (because the structure is undermined if rain gets inside the interface to deteriorate materials) the components are then truly enabled to durably be OPTIMALLY SELF-ADAPTING to localized adjunctive surface anomalies and structural disequilibrium so the interfaces are protected from wind and rain by more effectively maintaining a securely closed connection despite 'movement' 5.3.3. also, further to the innovative improvements in EFFICIENT STRUCTURE components, though different juxtaposed local areas of any two joint faces vary at different times, the Buttressed A-shape joint-element of these logs/timbers also reacts to be self-adjusting and stabilizing in COMPARISON TO PRIOR ART dovetail or tongue and groove joints which are known to pop out of joint or the tongues break off under severely adverse circumstances, while flat or minimally shaped joints are not solidly closed and secure when there is warped misalignment under adverse environmental conditions, whereas this Buttressed A-shape joint-element compensates for varying localized irregularities in each case by solidly bridging the gaps wherever the facie may not meet smoothly and, thereby, the Buttressed A-shape joint-element moderately adjusts the joint abutment while maintaining an overall secure connection fixed by the two sets of adjoined vertices, but, these self-adjusting, stabilized and secured Buttressed A-shape joint-elements do not break off nor tend to pop apart because of structural stress that may result from such moderately adverse conditions. JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESSES SECURE & SUPPORT A-SHAPE ELEMENTS 2:(2)->a->(1)->b->(3)->c->(4)/!/(6)->g->(5)->f->(7)->- e->(8); g<=>!<=>a, f<=>!<=>b; (5)/i/(1) + (7)/!/(3) 5.4. CONTROL of interface adjustments is accomplished by the combination of Joint-Ledge support, as in 5.1. and 5.2 above, and BY LIMITING FUNCTIONS derived from supportive and adaptive 'true square' effects of the abutment of contiguous LEVEL FLAT JOINT-LEDGE elements on JUNCTURAL INTERREACTIONS between A-Shape elements, AND the juncture of TWO LOCKING SETS OF VERTICES THAT ALL COUNTERACT the A-shaped SLOPES' SLIPPAGE REACTIONS (/C,/F, /G: 2 a->(1)->b->(3)->c/ ! /g->(5)->f->(7)->e) as gravity and compression (or other forces) push unstable joint elements TO ADJUST INTO new EQUILIBRIUM states (<=>!<=>), with a result that, except for cataclysmic events, as the different juxtaposed local areas of any two A-Shape joint faces vary at different times when components react to inherent, climatic, structural or environmental factors, proximate Joint-Ledges complementarily counterbalance them, so that the Joint-Ledge Buttressed A-Shape interface of these logs/timbers, with many possible distinctive variant (2: a(1_to_n), g(1_to_n)) positions of adjunctive loci, interacts to be structurally, vertically, laterally and longitudinally, self-adjusting and stabilizing, BY ALLOWING SLIGHT, MULTI-DIRECTIONAL, LOCALIZED SLIPPAGES TO COMPENSATE (/B, /F, /G 2: g(1_to_n)<=>!<=>a(1_to_n), f(1_to_n)<=>!<=>b(1_to_n) ) FOR AREAS OF EXCESSIVE STRESS, areas THAT SHRINK, OR SWELL AND PROTRUDE, OR areas that otherwise SHIFT out of alignment: compensating in each adjuncture of surface loci BY REBALANCING AND BRIDGING GAPS where facie don't meet smoothly, BUT LIMITING SLIPPAGES BY THE RE-EQUILIBRATED_DOUBLE- -LOCKING_(/!/) OF TWO VERTICES, (2: (5)=>!=>(1) /!/ (7=>!=>(3)), so that now the interface that combines the A-Shape joint with the BUTTRESSING JOINT-LEDGE, SUPPORTS_and_SECURES_(=>!=>), as well as moderatingly adjusts the junctural abutment to structural variations caused by the temporary changes of environmental phenomena; therefore, in addition to being better, stronger and stabler than Plain A-Shape Interfaces, these Buttressed A-Shape Interfaces are structurally better, stronger and more stable in COMPARISON TO PRIOR ART whose inadaptive dovetail or tongue and groove joints are known to pop out of joint or the tongues break off, while these are also better and stabler than other PRIOR ART with flat or minimally shaped joints which are more easily displaced and so are not securely closed and solid; JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESSED SELF-ADJUSTING A-SHAPE COMPONENT

/F, /G 2: (2)->a->(1)->b->(3)->c->(4) //(6)->g->(5)->f->(7)->e->(8); /C, /F, /G 2: (5)/!/(1) + (7)/!/(3), e=>!!=>c 6. therefore, I independently claim the innovative EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT JOINT-LEDGED BUTTRESSED SELF-ADJUSTING A-SHAPE COMPONENT comprising the combination of all the individual elements, features and functions as well as the features and functions related to the innovative JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESSED A-SHAPE INTERFACE and also the interior JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESS SECTION and exterior SELF-ADJUSTING A-SHAPE SECTION, as these were previously cited in A.1.-5., and also all log/timber elements, features, functions, sections and the interface as they support and/or interact within the innovative combination of all the interdependent elements and features in the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components, so that this innovative combination includes the interdependent improvements and innovations of the Joint-Ledge Buttress elements acting together with those other elements and features in this whole EFFICIENT STRUCTURE component which to any extent affect the sloping A-Shape joint-facets;

6.1. I claim, dependently to the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESSED A-SHAPE COMPONENT'S unique innovative shape as a whole, the resulting effects of weight, shape, size, distribution/balance and mass (including inherent properties of timber/wood structure, where applicable), comprising their interactions together in combination with the Joint- Ledge Buttress Section with which the latter acts to stabilize the whole component and other parts of the component in respect to transfer of various types of loads (including those from static loads and/or dynamic forces) from one component to the next proximate component within an assembly, (see the different positions of component 2, features g->(5)->f and a->(l)->b in illustrations /C, /D, /F, /G), particularly since compression effects are caused by vertically adjoined components' applied cumulative structural weight pressure transferred successively into lower A-Shaped joints' vertices (with special awareness of log/timber components' heavy weight, much greater than that for frame construction), in which CUMULATIVE COMPRESSIVE WEIGHT TRANSFERRED IN an assembled WALL INCREASES WITH THE LOWNESS OF LOG/TIMBER COMPONENTS' POSITIONS relative to the wall's total height, (as well as in partial relation to the overall size of the structure with its interior connections),

6.2. while the JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESS SECTION in each log/timber component provides BALANCING SUPPORTIVE MEANS THAT stabilizes components which may otherwise be 'off square' or unbalanced and, when components are vertically adjoined, the JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESS SECTION CONNECTS VARYINGLY REACTIVE COMPONENTS CONSOLIDATIVELY into the system BY INTERMEDIATING BETWEEN LOCAL DISCREPANCIES FROM VARIANT EXTERIOR A-SHAPE REACTIONS with THE PROTECTED INTERIOR JOINT-LEDGES' STABLER 'SQUARE' STRUCTURAL LIMITS, these features are also enabled by the JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESS SECTION'S stabilizing, counterbalancing and re-equilibrating functions (in conjunction with the fastener subsystem to be fitted through the Joint-Ledge's Channels, see Claim A.10. and Claim B.l. to 1.4.5., below) for the log/timber components during the effects of normal or severe structurally unbalancing forces that might otherwise cause displacement, and/or torsion-caused splits at the inner vertex (or cracks between rings that damage components when there is substantial stress, and to stably ABSORB and PASS TRANSFERRED LOADS,

6.3. thus, by these combinative means, the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE Joint-Ledge Buttressed A-Shape Component section supports vertical, horizontal and lateral structural stability while it increases stress- -resistant strength by its buttressing structural integration; STABILIZING INTERIOR & ADAPTIVE EXTERIOR SECTIONS

6.4. I independently claim structural improvements for the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE Buttressed A-Shape component, through the interface, comprising innovative structural functions of the complementary interactions between the Self-Adjusting A-Shape Section in combination with the Buttressing Joint-Ledge Section to increase stability and strength between adjunctive joints in an interface, which features comprise log/timber components' innovative complete interface joint-shapes, including two distinctive elements (as described in claims 1., 3., and 4.) that act together to reciprocatively perform several essential structural functions, particularly to reduce divergeant position changes between elements and components, with functions involving a varied range of synergistic self- -adjusting and stabilizing structural interactions achieved through combined reactive effects of compensatory functions by the component's(s') elements, interface, sections and/or by compressive, counterpoisal and countervailing effects from proximate log/timber and related components: 6.4.1. innovative improvements are achieved as these two distinct supplementary sections in log/timber component(s) react reciprocally to disperse stress in reactive relays among proximate components, to counterbalance a variety of pressure, tension, torsion or stress effects from intrinsic, structural, environmental and/or geophysical events, and solve basic log structure problems, as described below: 6.4.1.1. in many log buildings structural problems are caused by unstable effects in weather exposed exterior portions of the joints and structure in conflict with the protected interior portions that remain more stable, such problems are from continuous reactions to external phenomena by climate-exposed exterior portions of log components which change dimensional form and reposition to a much greater degree than sheltered, climate-moderated interior portions, so that contrasting reactions (to these conflicting conditions by these two portions) in each integral log/timber component may cause widely divergeant log/timber warping and torsion, splitting and/or other distortion or damage; which results in serious assymetric structural distortion until the structural form is destabilized and deteriorates, then gaps open and these conditions may further aggravate each other;

6.4.2. so, in order to comprehensively solve typical log structure problems, elements of the log/timber component joint should be, and in these EFFICIENT STRUCTURE combinative-form log/timber components are, so shaped as to comprise function-related shapes wherein the stabler, climate-sheltered interior, Joint- -Ledge elements adaptively support and stabilize exterior component sections and also moderate A-Shaped joints' ever-changing reactions, while exterior A-Shaped elements are formed to allow for sufficient range of adjustments to maintain firmly closed junctures, even through the profuse variety of characteristic wood reactions from a wide range of particular environments specific to different sites, yet both elements designed with differing forms and purposes also function synergetically by means of specific features to reciprocate complementary self- -adjusting and supportive reactions to disequilibrium, assymetrical discrepancies, pressure, stress and tension, 6.4.2.1. wherein the reciprocal countervailing reactions of interface features for adjoining components in the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE system involve simultaneous relationships of these features acting as means (example: the Joint-Ledge as counterpoise to dynamic external forces [gales]) in combinations based on various Mathematics and Physics concepts {such as co-planar tangency, force/load vectors through adjunctive locii, increasing or decreasing dynamic forces, action:reaction, equilibrium and the effects of components' special shapes and mass on force/weight load distribution and transfer} 6.4.3. which supplementary reciprocal features interreactively support, adjust, balance and stabilize the completed structure in the face of varying structural and component reactions to adverse inherent and external forces while the innovative EFFICIENT STRUCTURE components are synergistically enhanced and mutually strengthened by the wood's extensive fibral tensility, resiliency, flexibility and structural cohesiveness characteristics also acting in comprehensive combination with all above features and interdependent relations.

INTERACTIVE ELEMENT/FEATURE/FUNCTION COMBINATIONS 7. I independently claim the COMBINATION OF both the A-SHAPE (/B, /F 2: a->(1)->b /g->(5)->f), and the buttressing JOINT-LEDGE (2 c / e) elements together in the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components' JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESSED A-SHAPE INTERFACE, which comprises RECIPROCATIVE SUPPLEMENTARY JOINT/INTERFACE SHAPES (/B2 (2)->a->(1)->b->(3)->c->(4) / (6)->g->(5)->f- ->(7)->e->(8)) with innovative FEATURES that provide structural SOLUTIONS TO long-unsolved PRIOR ART

PROBLEMS by means of EXTERNAL REACTIVE A-SHAPE ELEMENTS to adjust, adapt, reposition, and seal the exterior junctures during environmental changes to maintain a strong exterior juncture closed to weather,

7.0.1. while simultaneously each log/timber component is reequilibrated, supported and stabilized horizontally and vertically within the structure by means of counterbalancing, buttressing and moderating functions from the log/timber component's STABLER INTERIOR

JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESS section as it keeps the component in relatively true vertical and horizontal position through structural relationship based on its plumbly rectangular shape and through its location on the interior side of the log/timber with less dimensional changes as it is protected from moisture and thermal extremes,

7.1. I dependently claim the interactions of Joint-Ledge interface elements as they provide stabler adjunctive surfaces from component to component sequentially from foundation to roof, to provide a sound unifying structural support-base which moderates transfers of interim weight/force accumulations from stable and unstable sources (live and dead loads, structural, geophysical and environmental dynamic forces and/or loads) from each component's JOINT-LEDGE BUTTRESSED

A-SHAPE INTERFACE SECTIONS TO THE NEXT COMPONENT'S

ABUTTING PLANES, relative to the effects of components' lowered centers of gravity, so that BUTTRESSES

EFFECTIVELY INTERMEDIATE AND CONNECT A-SHAPES TO THE STR U C T U R E.

7.1.1. I dependently claim further effects from the INTERFACE JUNCTURE(S) OF PROXIMATE LOG/TIMBER COMPONENTS' JOINT-LEDGE PLANES since these have distinctive intermediating effects2m: as moderating level limits between proximate components and relative to reactive A-Shape element discrepancies, as connective adjunctive elements of the stabilizing and unifying Joint-Ledge Buttress Section, while these operate together with the tabbed channels in the Buttress Section and the metal bolted log/timber-fastening sub-system (/C, /D, /F: 2i(1) + 2i(2), 3a + 3b, 4, 5, 10) (recited in A.10. and B.I.), comprising reciprocal balancing, cushioning, flexible structural linking and cantilevered supporting and connecting effects which combinatively secure, stabilize, equilibrate and strengthen each EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component as it is assembled within the structural system, with innovative improvements that involve the Buttress Section acting systematically with a combination of several elements and components, which together enhance the effectiveness of the A-shape bevel cuts, as recited in claims 1., 2. and 4. above, by COUNTERVAILING A-shaped joint elements' downward- /outward-slide EFFECTS ON WEIGHT/LOAD TRANSFER pressures, as well as the effects of external adverse dynamic forces against the structure.

7.2. thus, AS A RESULT OF all the above, I dependently claim combined INTERRELATED EFFECTS, comprising synergistic interreactionβ and sequential effects as gravity and compression interact with features of the Buttressing Joint-Ledge and Self-Adjusting A-Shape slope elements of the joint/interface in CONTRIBUTING to series of INTERREACTIVE functions WITH INTERACTIONS THAT REINFORCE TRUE STRUCTURAL STANDARDS, COUNTERVAIL ASYMMETRIC FORCE, MODERATE LOCAL DISEQUILIBRIUMS AND LIMIT EACH ADJUSTMENT, to structurally BALANCE, MODERATE, STABILIZE AND TO ALSO TRANSFER the interim WEIGHT/FORCE ACCUMULATION from various types of loads through each component in one course to the next.

8. I claim intra-joint anti-moisture protective properties of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component's combinative shape comprising a special joint-shape which eliminates or minimizes pockets or concave areas in the external portions of the joint; Otherwise, concavities allow moisture and/or condensation to infiltrate and collect within such pockets in the joints consequently enabling the wood to rot within joints, and/or the seasonal freezing of such moisture may burst dampened wood fibres with increasingly deteriorative effects on the joint/timber wood structure; Several component and joint shape features serve to eliminate moisture-collecting areas; One of these features comprises the steep upward slope of the initial exterior section of the A-shaped joint element (because water does not normally flow or run uphill), along with thermally non-reactive, waterproof caulking applied lengthwise along the exterior edge of all these joint-seams between logs/timbers; Caulking prevents entry of moisture into the joint; In addition, both faces of the joint are shaped without any concavities in the most external portions of log/timber components (such as there may be in grooves -- for example, tongue and groove which is commonly used in other log systems) within which condensation may collect into pools causing rot, weakening the wood structure, and etc; The non-concave level joint-ledge is well protected from exterior moisture entry by the waterproof caulked, upward protruding A-angle which composes about half of the depth of the joint-seam from the exterior side.

9. Beyond the log/timber joint-shape's features and functions, I claim the special functional profile shape for the exterior facet of each EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber; The shape is of such form which functions to protect joints' outer seams from moisture; This shape comprises the exterior element of each log/timber component, cut so that it is shaped at an angle with its upper area indented, while its lower area protrudes outward over the upper section¹ of the next lower log/timber course,

9.1. so that its upper area near the joint and particularly the exterior joint-seam are protected from direct access by rain, even wind-driven rain; This protection is derived from the overlapping overhang of the next higher log/ timber course

9.2. so that rain and moisture falling on or beating against this exterior face flow downwardly and outwardly along its surface, drawn by gravity, to drip off at some distance away from and separate from the joint seam which is located at a higher and deeper position;

9.3. also, if a client prefers a rustic-log exterior appearance rather than contemporary clapboard-style exterior, the rustic-log appearance can be accomplished by omitting the last log/timber exterior-facet shape cut; In this way, the original outer peeled log curve is left as the exterior style finish, with little or no loss in rain protection.

TABBED CHANNELS IN COMPONENTS' JOINT-LEDGES 10. I claim innovative tabbed channels drilled vertically through each EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber along its interior joint-ledge at intervals consistent with 'Code' requirements, which channels function combinatively with other elements to strengthen, stabilize, secure and improve the system and structure; Each of these cylindrical wood channels comprise an inner element that is drilled first, with a narrower diameter, to serve as a tab to aid in securing the log/timber by the braced emplacement therein of special metal connecting reinforcement fasteners (see below); Tabs are drilled with a narrower opening through the same log/timber wood, before two wider flanking channel-parts of the log/timber are drilled part way in from each end of the channel, leaving the tab between them; The wood tabs enable the metal fasteners to securely fasten each new log/timber course to the previous log/timber course as well as to the vertical reinforcement system, from foundation to roof; Stress-points between the fasteners and the tabs are cushioned by moisture-resistant compressible washers; Different building sites and structures present different stress problems, depending on individual climatic, geophysical, structural and environmental conditions; The greater the stress, the larger the tabs and cushioning washers should be, so that tabs may withstand the applicable stress without breaking off.

11. I claim an improvement in the special form of the joint/interface shape to greatly simplify wall-assembly procedure; This improvement comprises the log/timber component's self-guiding shape that simplifies the assembly process when a log/timber for the next course to be assembled is hoisted over the top log/timber on the previously completed course in the assembled wall; Improvement occurs because as long as the new log/timber is lowered onto the top log/timber already set in the wall so that the new log/timber is somewhat centered, the moment any part of the indented slope in the lower A-shape joint element of the new log/timber comes into contact with any point on the protruding A-shape slope, on the upper joint element of the top log/timber in place on the wall, gravity will tend to slide the sloped surfaces of the new course into a stable adjuncture on the previous course atop the wall, with vertices locked together so parallel joint surfaces fit securely and closely together. ADVANTAGES OF COMPONENTS' LAPPING ENDS 12. I claim combinative improvements for assembly and climatic protection of log/timber end seams and corners; These comprise EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component ends, right and left when viewed from the exterior face, as cut to form lap ('L' shape) joints, (including straight, inside or outside corners); These lapped joints are shaped in this form so that, as required for each structure, when each log/timber is placed into the wall, the end on one particular side (for this example the left side) of each newly hoisted log/timber would easily fit lapped OVER the preceding log's/timber's corresponding other end, that was already in place on that course (in this example the right side of the previous adjacent log/timber); Also, placement of each log/timber would thereby be simplified consistently throughout the construction, since each log/timber is lowered by the hoist into place with a mostly vertical path, so that the fastener bolt-ends can be vertically threaded through the log/timber channels while each log/timber glides down easily into its position on the structure, as would a piece that is put into its slot in a jigsaw puzzle; This would facilitate an efficiently systematic construction sequence for all the logs/timbers in each course so that placement of each next log/timber, on the current course, proceeds in sequence in the same direction throughout construction (from left to right in this example) with improved ease of assembly.

12.1. Corners would be constructed by placing the new log/timber perpendicularly, lengthwise, to the previous adjacent log/timber, (either placed toward the inside to form an outside corner, or placed toward the outside to form an inside corner) with the left end of the new log/timber lapped perpendicularly over the right end of the previous log/timber, in a similar manner to that described above; Weather (air) infiltration and penetration of moisture into these end-joint seams is prevented by covering seams with appropriately shaped, matching-color, moisture-proof, caulked, synthetic weather shields.

13. I claim productive and competitive advantages from improvements derived from this profile, comprising product economy without loss of advantageous structural innovations; First, product economy is improved because the octogonal shape follows but evens out the unique countours of each raw log so as to minimize wood waste; Also, with this shape, the completed EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component is approximately 8 to 9 inches in depth, offering thermal advantages from dense structure, while it is manufactured from only a minimum 10 inch to 11 inch diameter raw log (this diameter log is more abundantly available and less costly than those of wider diameters) thereby offering competitive price/feature opportunities;

13.1. Thus it has advantageous improvements over other log components in requiring fewer manufacturing and/or assembly processes than most other log components; Often, other log components must first be milled to eliminate logs' natural tapering and uneven surfaces before joints can be formed, involving two or more initial manufacturing processes; With other methods including traditional ones, logs must be be individually shaped on site (as in the scribing system which requires considerable skill and time), or arranged or modified to accomodate the varying and tapered external shapes of logs for assembly into the structures, thereby adding equipment, specialized labor and completion time to expensive site construction costs; In comparison, the shaping of these log/timber components comprises an economically advantageous improvement because the uniform shaping of these log/timbers can be completed by one set of procedures at a factory, from raw or peeled, unmilled, uneven, tapering natural logs, merely by using proper saw settings; The saw-shaping procedures include about seven or eight (depending on style) lengthwise, ordinary saw cuts (bevel, vertical and horizontal), shaping by cutting off uneven exterior parts along the log length, to complete this innovative component; By this efficient economical processing, the main horizontal sections are completed to be structurally uniform and need no further shaping for site assembly; Furthermore, to minimize waste, this ordinary sawed shaping process may leave some salvageable wood scrap, parts of which could economically be modified for secondary by-products (lumber, posts, rustic staves and etc.) to be useful in such accompaniments as decks, porches and fencing;

Adding to this economy, a start-up manufacturer can use average sawmill equipment (two or more saws set differently, for two to five passes depending on set-up circumstances) to complete these log/timber components, and would not need to invest in more specialized equipment until increased sales volume justified investing in such more expensive equipment as could complete the shaping of a higher volume of components with two passes per component.

14. I claim simulated synthetic EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components along with supplementary purposes and procedures for producing molded simulated log/timber components and other structural elements; These comprise matching simulated log/timbers and other auxiliary structural components and elements, such as utilities-entry logs/timbers and visible components in exposed foundations;

14.0.1. Presently available moldable materials can be improved upon for these purposes, with the combinative addition of innovative reinforcing elements to provide greater tensile strength and flexibility, or other elements and ingredients serving special building purposes; This type of simulated log/timber component may also be used for construction in locations where 'fire codes' (in some metropolitan cities) or other circumstances (such as endemic heavy termite infestations) do not permit construction of wood buildings; Further, these simulated log/timbers and/or other structural components may be further improved: by molding them from synthetized compound materials similar in preparative form to concrete, through other processes, and/or by the addition of other ingredients and/or elements, to improve the properties of tensile strength, resiliency and cohesion for such components; Also such synthetic types of log/timber materials could be similarly used as a wood substitute for supplementary or lower-stress components, and for other such associated, decorative or structural elements and related construction purposes.

15. All these features and attributes synergistically achieve greater structural stability, durability and strength by means of the complementary functional effects and improvements from combined elements and characteristics in this innovative component.

B. OTHER INTERDEPENDENT OR SUPPORTING COMPONENTS:

1. THE NUT-BASED BOLT FASTENERS AND SUBSYSTEM

I independently claim innovatively improved, EFFICIENT STRUCTURE course-sequential, metal reinforcement fasteners for the log/timber components (claim 1, above) that are specially formed as integral nut-based bolts, (/C, /D, /F, /G: 2, 2i, 3), which special nut-based bolt fasteners are to be installed into tabbed channels inside the log/timber components' joint-ledges as each course is fastened to the preceding log/timber courses in the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber system,

( fasteners are metal rather than wood dowels because although metal is more brittle, is less cohesive, and lacks some other advantageous properties of wood, still it is particularly advantageous that an appropriate metal alloy will have properties which are complementary to those of wood -- specifically, a composite alloy of high-tensile, resilient metal should be selected for the fastener material since metal is isotropic, which properties of metal are structurally complementary to wood properties in that metal forms react more evenly and are more stable within moderate climate and temperature ranges, in particular, metal element forms will not swell or warp as wood dowel fasteners may) all in all, the metal nut-based bolt fastener improvement comprises the innovative combination of a nut together with a bolt formed into one basic integrated unit, while the fastener's form may be modified (for example, bolt-length varying relative to the difference in log/timber tab length which is dependent on particular site requirements) to be appropriate for particular uses in accordance with varying site and environment requirements (for example, the degree of torsion that may be caused by site conditions): FASTENER FORM AND DIMENSIONS

1.1. I dependently claim the combination of specifically distinct sections which serve particular structural purposes on each, innovatively improved, resilient metal fastener, comprising two proportionally major sections and one proportionally minor section, that is, a total of three sections, of which the primary sections include an extended nutlike base that is integrally formed together with a bolt-top section which extends upward from the top of the nutlike base of the fastener, in addition, the last of the three sections comprises a small, solidly integral highly-tensile section called the fastener's shoulders, between the nut-base and the bolt-top; the total height of each metal fastener may be more or less 150% the net height of each log/timber course, and the nut-base may measure approximately 1/3 to 5/12 the total height of the fastener, relative to the height of the log/timber channel tab (depending on the nature of and severity of particular site problems), with the difference accounted for in the shoulder section, and about twice the diameter, in total width, of the bolt-top section; furthermore, consistently among all these special fasteners for a building, the nut-base of each (and every) subsequent-course fastener is formed with special interior threading so that these may be screwed onto the bolt-top of each preceding-course fastener's bolt-top which protrudes out of each log/timber component channel, in each previous course on the wall that is being assembled;

FASTENER FEATURES AND GENERAL PURPOSES 1.2. Dependently, I claim these reinforcing nut-based-bolt fasteners with innovatively shaped features so that they serve several purposes and functions when they are installed, comprising the following purposes and functions:

1.2.1. Generally, two fasteners flexibly connect and supportively bind together two log/timber components, as they are adjoined into a wall vertically, from each channel-tab in one log-timber course to the corresponding channel-tab of the next higher log/timber component (and thereafter this pattern continues similarly, sequentially through the courses), while each log/timber component is also concurrently fastened into the structural system by the fasteners through their subsystem, so that by means of the above format, dimensions and composition and assembly installation, these nut-based-bolt fasteners have the following special features and functions: Integration of vertically connected individual course fasteners

1.2.1.1. I dependently claim that each fastener is, when properly installed (threads can be formed in such manner as to optimize this feature to fail-safe condition), individually integrated into the vertically stabilizing, reinforcing fastener subsystem along with the log/timber component it binds, which subsystem extends from each anchor-bolt that is cast into the foundation and continues straight up through the log/timber courses to the roof attachment elements, thereby vertically stabilizing the log/timber structure while this locks each log/timber component into an adaptive, relative structural position;

Fasteners: vertical (column), horizontal (course) binding 1.2.1.2. I dependently claim improvements that combine the binding advantages of spikes (binding individually in a course-by-course sequence) and through-bolts (a vertically stronger system of parallel single integral bindings) while eliminating their respective disadvantages, as these combinative improvements result from this new form of these fasteners as they are applied to the structure course-by-course (course-sequentially) which provides adaptive horizontal alignment from tab to tab within each and adjacent components, while they are also strong vertical reinforcements interconnected as they extend as a subsystem with EFFICIENT STRUCTURE parallel reinforcing nut-based bolt fasteners (/F, /G 2, 2i(1), 2i(2), 3, 4, 5, 6, 14, 18) through all the courses from "anchor" bolts inside the foundation to end-nuts in the roof-support structure through the channels pre-drilled into the log/timber components at recommended or 'Code' intervals; thus, this innovative combinative application of course-sequential assembly characteristics along with system integration comprises the following resulting advantages:

1.2.1.2.1. -greater ease of assembly (less effort than hammering spikes),

1.2.1.2.2. -properties that help prevent cracks and splits in the wood (typical with spikes) due to stress, abrasion and etc.,

1.2.1.2.3. -the innovative combination with both the advantages of local (like spikes) as well as of systemic (like through-bolts) fastening properties, and

1.2.1.2.4. -easier handling during assembly (than through-bolts and spikes), with this nut-based bolt fastener's better locally directed control against cross-threading during assembly procedures (since cross-threading long through-rods at the foundation is more likely to cause crookedness -- non-plumb slope in longer extension -- in the vertical reinforcement subsystem), therefore these fasteners offer innovative improvements compared to other fasteners commonly used at this time, since with the above-mentioned features, the nut-based bolt fastener:

1.2.1.2.5. -improves upon wood through-dowels which cannot easily be fastened to the foundation;

1.2.1.2.6. -improves upon multiple-course-length through- rods or bolts which:

(a) ..do not hold adjunctive log/timber components fastened together in subsequent courses;

(b) ..must be periodically adjusted for the wood 'movement'; and,

(c) ..are difficult to fasten or screw into the foundation straightly through the full height of an assembled wall section, OR

(d) ..are awkward to thread through each log/timber component which must be hoisted up over the full wall height of a 'Code' sequence of wall-high foundation-connected rods/bolts and aligned before the log/timber component is threaded and lowered into place in the wall; and also 1.2.1.2.7. -improves upon spikes which initially do fasten subsequent courses to each other and are fairly easy to apply course-by-course, BUT,

(a) ..have no structurally reinforcing connection to the foundation,

(b) ..have minimal vertical stabilization properties, and

(c) ..tend to cause wood cracks and splits under typical stressful conditions and wood 'movement', so that in the long-term the structure may be weakened rather than securely fastened;

Independent adjustments self-activated in local positions

1.2.1.3. I dependently claim the improved combinative locally binding and structurally reinforcing properties of these fasteners wherein each log/timber is flexibly secured by its fasteners to proximate log/timber courses so that, if there is a problem with one set of proximate components or one part of the structure, other components and structural sections are not as likely to be adversely affected since they remain adjunctively fastened and secured with localized reactive adjustability, while vertically stabilized in a relatively independent (columnar) manner, except under violent or cataclysmic external conditions with dynamic forces beyond those allowed for in ranges of adjustments for this system;

Fasteners' localized inter-reactive flexible-adjustment

1.2.1.4. I dependently claim the innovative combinative functions of these fasteners which, together with the washers, as well as the log/timber tab elements inside the channels drilled into the log/timber dimensional components function together combinatively as pivots that continually adjust, balance and stabilize each log/timber interface adjuncture (in a manner similar to the way a rectangular see-saw board is balanced by the supporting fulcrum as different weights at the board's opposite ends counterbalance); one feature that assists these functions is that of the channels on each log/timber component which have slightly wider diameters than the widest sections of the nut-based bolt fasteners, which wider channel diameters allow transversal/horizontal ease between the wood channel and the metal reinforcing fastener (and also reduces abrasion and torsion damage), so that the combinative self-adjustment functions of the fasteners comprise the means and manners by which those components and elements adaptably and inter-reactively fasten proximate components, by allowing moderated ranges of ease and/or cushioned play between adjunctive elements, while binding the components together securely into the system with shoulders and nut-bases loosely or tightly braced against the tabs (which are protected by intermediating washers), thus minimizing and moderating the effects of localized log/timber displacement and misalignment on the rest of the structure; thereby, this self-adjustment feature of the fastener subsystem, in combination with the washers and the log/timber tabs, functions inter-reactively to compensate for a considerable amount of localized out-of-plumb expansion, contraction, stress, tension, torsion, shifting and slipping caused by geophysical, seasonal, structural and inherent log/timber variations; L teral/transverse security by joint-ledge cantileverage

1.2.1.5. I independently claim innovative improvements in binding functions by these fasteners as they each also reinforce, stabilize and flexibly secure each log/timber component into the wall transversely and laterally comprising the fasteners' cantileverage function through the log/timber component's stabler interior joint-ledge section, with which the log/timber component is combinatively secured by means of the tabs and moderated by the washers, in order to structurally adapt and secure the log/timber component's variably positioned and dimensioned, environment-reactive exterior A-shape section, so that by all these means, the combination of EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners installed into the joint-ledge channels, braced against and/or balancing on the channel tabs, performs a caπtilevered attachment function by the buttressing joint-ledge section (/C, /F, /G: 2 e->i(2A)->d->c->i(2B)) to stabilize and secure the climate-reactive A-joint section on the weather-exposed exterior side of the wall with the true-square, counterpoisal means of the stabler joint- ledge section in the protected interior environment; Fastener-bridging reinforces log/timber junctures

1.2.1.6. In addition, I dependently claim the improved bridging property of adjunctive reinforcement from each fastener's position in each log/timber interface juncture, comprising the installed fasteners' double-thickness (from the next fastener's nut-base screwed on over the bolt-end which protrudes from the previous course) bridging the joint from one course to the next, since this serves to reinforce, strengthen and maintain plumbness in the wall-system at some of its weaker points (the proximate-course, horizontal log/timber components' joint-seams) as a dowel may reinforce a joint;

ANCHOR BOLTS' AND OTHER SPECIAL FASTENERS' FEATURES 1.3. I dependently claim compatible supplementary variations of the nut-based bolt fasteners for this system, comprising:

1.3.1. the first fastener-related elements used in the structure which are specially adapted "anchor bolts", with compatible bolt-threading, whereby the anchor bolt bases are imbedded vertically, plumb to, and into the levelled foundation at regular, 'Code'-designated, intervals and have threaded bolt-tops that protrude out from the foundation which bolt-tops will be inserted through the channels in the first course of log/timber components, and then secured from over the first log/timber course by the first set of regular nut-based fasteners;

1.3.2. other types of fasteners for this sub-system include compatibly threaded, simple capping end-nuts and end-bolts to be used for the window/door interface elements that adapt and secure window and door frames, as well as for top-plates and roof components;

1.3.3. in addition, when it is necessary to add further reinforcement and/or to attach roof or floor-support structural components (such as built-up, laminated or steel beams, girders or joists) to the log/timber wall components, 'L'-shaped metal support brackets, of the type that is often used in construction, may be installed under the adjunctive angle formed where the floor-support component extends from the pocket in the interior of the log/timber component, by which means, the bottom of the girder (or joist, etc.) is securely fastened to the log/timber wall, the load-bearing capacity of the floor-support component may be increased, and this adjuncture is reinforced;

MULTI-FUNCTION FASTENER NETWORK IN A STRUCTURAL SUBSYSTEM 1.4. Therefore, through the combination of various improved fasteners' features and functions as recited above, I independently claim an innovative fastener subsystem comprising a multi-function fastener network including vertically connected extensive fastener sequences, positioned at 'Code' intervals to form parallel columns within the comprehensive structural system, wherein the individual fastener elements, along with other interactive components and elements, such as the washers (see B.3. below) as well as the (previously recited) log/timber components' joint-ledge sections, channels and tabs, are designed to function as follows with combinative structurally synergistic features: Description of features and functions in subsystem 1.4.1. The fastener subsystem's structural features and functions comprise an innovative self-adjusting lateral, vertical and horizontal log/timber reinforcement and securing network wherein each subsequent log/timber course is concurrently secured and attached to the previous log/timber course and flexibly linked from each cushioned wood tab to the next cushioned tab within the log/timber channels, by means of these fasteners (that is, each log/timber component is both horizontally and transversely locked into position through the assembly of its fasteners' nut-elements) which are screwed lightly down to the washers (these washers cushion the previous course's log/timber channel tab-tops) as these newly placed fasteners' nut-elements thereby securely fasten the previous log/timber course's fasteners to those log/timber components' tabs; each tab (in a newly-assembled adjunctive course's log/timber components) is secured upon the screwed connection of the bottom of the new fastener's nut-element to the previous fastener's bolt-element protruding through the tab (so that the nut-base's bottom perimeter becomes the top limit of the adjustment-range for the log/timber tab-securing function), which tab can be balanced on and then braced against the previous fastener's topmost nut-shoulder position: consequently, that previous fastener's nut-shoulder is installed closely under that tab with its cushioning washer, while that fastener's nut-base (since it is connected onto the previous bolt) binds the last-installed higher log/timber to the next lower log/timber by bracing and being braced from the lower tab to the next higher tab through their moderating washers;

Subsystem's structural purposes and functions 1.4.2. I dependently claim these innovative means and features with which the fasteners function in combination with other structural elements, comprising means that attach, reinforce, link, adjust, counterbalance, secure and stabilize the log/timber components, by which means the fastener subsystem serves to structurally connect, to vertically reinforce, to adaptively fix and to secure all of the log/timber joints into their respective locations within the log/timber building system while this fastener subsystem also allows limited ranges of ease, play or movement for the log/timber components within each area, so as to flexibly secure the log/timber components into those structural locations as these features and means function concurrently in various manners comprising: Fasteners reinforce plumb vertical continuity

1.4.2.1. I dependently claim the fasteners' capacity to function together as a subsystem to reinforce and stabilize plumb vertical continuity by means of straightly connected fasteners which act to maintain basic plumbness and to vertically attach the log/timber components in the system, so that each fastener that is properly screwed to its adjuncts is a systematically integrated element of a resiliant, vertically-stabilizing subsystem in which the vertically reinforcing characteristics of these fasteners/elements are derived from the fasteners' connected continuity (enabled by special threading) straight up perpendicularly from level at the foundation, as the fasteners are installed, course by course up to the roof, through the channels in the log/timber components;

Interreactive localized linking, balancing and adjusting

1.4.2.2. I dependently claim the combination of functional interactions in which immediate or proximate fastener elements act together with other elements and components within the comprehensive log/timber building system as these interreact with each other, comprising various combinations of functions: to locally link (like the local links in a chain-link fence), with the horizontal elements of the log/timber components, to counterbalance (somewhat like a fulcrum balances a multi-directional see-saw that has varying end-weights, wherein for three consecutive tab/fastener locations the middle fastener-shoulders_under_the_tab can act as a fulcrum/pivot (to equilibrate off-plumb/level and load discrepancies between proximate log/timber components) while component-ends and fastener-bases_over_the_tabs act as individual end-weight limits (to moderate discrepancies and reequilibrate) and thereby the log/timber components are adjusted and stabilized within these weight-, level- and fastener- moderated positional limits, as these functions interact through the courses columnarly (vertical tab to tab), as well as coursewise horizontally (adjacent tab to tab) along the lengthwise structural dimensions of proximate flexibly secured log/timber components; Adjustments compensate for displacement and misalignment 1.4.2.3. I dependently claim innovative compensatory adjustment functions by the fastener subsystem, acting together in combination with other innovative self-adjusting (washers, ease and range of play) and securing (tabs) means, to horizontally and transversely counterbalance, moderate and compensate for various kinds of displacement and misalignment from variations in unstable elements, and also as these combined components function reciprocatively to vertically moderate, horizontally balance and spread-out (disperse) other varying out-of-square displacement and misalignment discrepancies of the log/timber components and the structure, by inter-reacting throughout the system with these functions that adjust for unsymmetrical 'movement' changes in log/timber components' dimensions, wherein these functions operate by means of the fastener:tab and/or fastener:channel relationships of fulcrum-balance (by fastener nut-shoulder : tab) and/or ease-accomodation (from wider channel diameter and/or washer compressibility/resiliance) or limits to play/accomodation (by fastener nut-base and/or screwed-on bolt/nut : channel-tab bracing);

FASTENER SUBSYSTEM: STRUCTURAL RELATIONSHIPS, INTERACTIONS 1.4.3. therefore, I dependently claim that with and by the above means and manners the fastener subsystem's self-adjusting, moderating and reinforcing functions involve structural relationships with systemic interactions, comprising connecting or adjoined components' inter-reactions of fastener linkages, with reciprocative functions in inter-reactive re-equilibrating relays that compensate for skewness in the immediate horizontal surrounding areas of each log/timber component, and that result in adjunctive moderation of structural discrepancies through vertical or horizontal linkage interactions, since while each log/timber component's dimensions, level and plumbness may fluctuate within ranges that are limited by the channel's combined width and height ease (accomodation), moderated by cushioning washers, at the same time, these discrepancies and slippages are also limited by the fastener binding limits, particularly by the βystemically-oriented positions of the fasteners, the isotropic properties of their metal materials, their interaction with the general vertical and horizontal linearities of the log/timber components (including those of the joint-ledge sections), and the equilibrating balance or limiting tab-bracing actions of fasteners' nut- shoulders and bases; as a result, THROUGH THESE EQUILIBRATIONS AND MODERATIVE LIMITS, THE SUBSYSTEM SERVES AS A STRUCTURAL STANDARD FOR POSITIONAL AND SYSTEMIC REINFORCEMENT as the fastener network binds the log/timber components to the structure; FASTENER SUBSYSTEM: STRUCTURAL PURPOSES AND FUNCTIONS 1.4.4. Therefore (to summarize and focus the main fastener subsystem claim), the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fastener subsystem's network (acting with washers and log/timber components, channels and tabs) serves, in combination, (by inclusion of dependent claims for these subsystem features and functions) to flexibly secure components, to specially adapt and innovatively improve this type of structure --

1.4.4.1. in order to help solve typical log/timber problems of variant and continuing changes and discrepancies: from 'movement' by the log/timber components, from horizontal and transversal slippage and vertical settling, from dimensional shrinkage or expansion, or from load compression, as well as from enviromental phenomena, since

1.4.4.1.1. -- by adjusting, moderating and controlling reactions and interactions of proximate or connective elements these are CONTINUINGLY adapted to fit within ranges of normal structural requirements,

1.4.4.1.2. -- by these and other related means, the fastener subsystem's combined adaptive, self-adjusting and moderating features and functions improve overall integrity of structural form (squareness) and assembly, and also help maintain that integrity by adaptively reducing log/timber joint abrasion and stress, thus helping prevent checking, splitting and other stress and torsion damage that would otherwise be caused by log/timber structures' unadjusted, unlimited stressful variations in position and dimension;

1.4.5. Consequently, for occasions of unusual environmental or geophysical activity or phenomena, the reinforcing and binding actions on the log/timber components by the metal fasteners (that are sheltered inside the channels in the stabler joint-ledge) are effectively complementary because of the difference in properties between these two materials; therefore, as a result of all the above-cited advantages of the joint-ledge, the channel tabs, the washers (see B.3. below) and the fasteners acting in combination, the assembled components are stronger together and better able to resist structural and environmental stresses including structural displacement or imbalance, dynamic loads such as from windstorms, or resonant forces such as seismic phenomena. SPECIALIZED FOUNDATION-INTERFACE COMPONENTS, FEATURES 2. Although a structure can be engineered for optimal strength in a general way, it may not endure in satisfactory condition unless efforts are made to give its supporting foundations the necessary capacities to withstand different sets of adverse conditions typical of particular environments at various sites. Therefore, I claim a combination of specially designed or modified EFFICIENT STRUCTURE adaptive elements, components and features to improve this log/timber structure's interface with foundations and foundations' interfacing with particular sites by solving potential site problems, comprising the following purposes: appropriate foundations for particular site conditions that serve as interfaces that must appropriately fit the site's geological and environmental requirements by compensating for the site's problems thoroughly and effectively on one side, while on the other side the foundation securely attaches and adapts the structure to the site's geological base, while it supports, strengthens, stabilizes the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE building, and integrates the building into the environment, 2.0.1. therefore I claim dependently to the selection of appropriate foundation elements and components, so that they may be suitably adaptive for the EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT structure, the use of a special standardized questionnaire which will be presented to an environmental or geological technician for each site, comprising questions and specifications for testing and analysis of critical site characteristics and conditions, the results of which the technician must certify and return to the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE for use in structural planning including considerations of criteria for that site's geology (soil, topography and substrata characteristics) and environment (climate, etc) to determine which type of foundation is most suitable for that site's requirements, as well as for the requirements of this log/timber structure -- in order to be able to accomplish optimal structural adaptation and installation, the following special means, components, elements may be included, as necessary: UNSTABLE SITES' SHOCK-ABSORBING, ADAPTIVE FOUNDATION-BLANKET 2.1. In earthquake zones (but legally excluding sites directly over unstable faults, epicenters, etc.) log/timber structures may have their resiliant and tensile strength properties enhanced by innovative shock-absorbing and adaptive foundation components that improve the foundation's and structure's resistance to seismic and geologic phenomena, such innovative components would need to have properties of flexible cohesiveness, adaptiveness, resiliancy and/or tensility along with comparable dimensional and structural capacities, to provide improvements over the current compounds for foundation materials that are most commonly used at this time {for example, consider the characteristics of tournament-quality bubble-gum: it is extremely adaptive and flexible, absorbs severe pounding and grinding without breaking apart, has almost infinite stretchability in all directions to a degree of translucency, does not dissolve despite the acid moisture in the mouth, and when stuck on the floor, a plate, furniture, a shoe, in the hair, or etc. it is so adhesive that it is difficult to remove} such compounds (with various formats) have been in use over decades for recreational purposes; thus, in order to install the EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT structures so that they are best adapted to each particular site, it may be necessary to examine other different and even unusual possible approaches to solving some of the problems at difficult sites: accordingly, since it is useful and desirable to improve the Efficient Structures as described above by providing a stabler and more durable foundation, and it is possible to devise resiliant, shock-absorbing foundation components for this system from a combination of characteristically appropriate, basic, synthetic materials that are currently readily available for other uses, I independently claim an EFFICIENT STRUCTURE /K 27 foundation-cushioning blanket component, that is an adaptively flexible, elastic, extendable, compressable, cohesive and resiliant force- and stress- absorbing layer spread under the structure's foundation (within its perimeter), to intermediate between the site's problematical geological base and the structure's foundation, which Efficient Structure shock-absorbing, foundation-cushioning interface blanket comprises a combination of natural and synthetic materials bonded together so as to provide elements with a variety of properties that serve the essential purposes which solve the site's problems, among which:

2.1.1. the main basic material for this ground/foundation- /structure interface consists of a gummy blanket (composed from an adapted compound similar to that of bubble-gum or silly-putty) of extendable, adhesive and pliable compound material that has the above-mentioned required properties of flexible cohesiveness, adaptiveness and shock-absorbance, however, it should be considered that different compounds with varied combinations of ingredients may be particularly appropriate for different site conditions (such as dry sand, wet clay, sliding silt, layered slate, conglomerate, etc.);

2.1.1.1. {among the materials and combinative elements, currently in use, that can be adaptable for these structural purposes are: natural and synthetic rubbers, gums, and/or some plastics for cohesive adaptability and elasticity, some mastics or resins, putty, and/or silicon materials can be blended in to increase mass; new or recycled radial tire belts or tire cord can be included for tensile strength, and/or heavy-duty truck tire-tread elements for resiliance and shock absorbance -- several natural gums such as caoutchouc, chicle or sandarac as well as mastics and resins could be used as the base of such a formula, and a wide variety of special purpose synthetic substances may be adapted, modified or blended with other ingredients (such as some form of boron and/or tannin for termite resistance) may be selected to derive a product that will perform according to the requirements of various specific difficult site conditions}

2.1.2. in addition, resiliance and stabilization of structural form could be provided by bonding a resiliant frame around the gummy blanket's perimeter, which frame would be composed of heavy-duty truck tire-like materials and shaped to fit within the foundation's perimeter, with resiliancy and elasticity provided by bonding-in oval-, spherical- or block- shapes made of recycled or new truck-tire-materials, at intervals throughout the blanket, to act like bearings and shock absorbers;

2.1.3. and as a whole, all of these elements would be arranged together into a format similar to that of a box-spring (for a bed), with tensile strength and cohesive reinforcement of this structural form provided by bonding intersecting lengths of tire-reinforcement cord or recycled radial tire belts in throughout the gummy blanketing layer,

2.1.4. as the completed pliable adhesive EFFICIENT STRUCTURE synthetic blanket with these elements bonded-in would have been molded onto or set between (peelable) glazed kraft-paper sheets for ease of handling and shipping, it can then be rolled up for shipment, and unrolled onto the foundation site, centered between the piered or continuous perimeter foundation, before construction of the slab, in such a way that, for example, if a combination slab foundation with footings or piers is to be used, the special blanketing synthetic (bubble-gum like) layer that has flexible, adaptive, cohesive and elastic properties, molded with a combination of other materials bonded in, would be inserted between the lower sand/gravel sub-foundation layers and the vapor-barrier and/or rigid insulating foam layers next under the concrete-slab that will be poured on top of it, (the shock-absorbing blanket layer is installed so that it will extend under all the central areas of the structure up to the foundation perimeter)

2.1.5. therefore, by means of the above elements and features, such a shock-absorbing foundation-blanket serves to intermediate between an unstable or (non- cataclysmic) seismically active site and the foundation with various cushioning or protective functions:

2.1.5.1. balls/blocks (bearings) absorb dynamic forces from extended-area seismic jolts,

2.1.5.2. the flexible perimeter-frame provides shock-absorbing, protective structural support,

2.1.5.3. the reinforcing cord would offer tensile cohesion, and

2.1.5.4. the gummy adhesive blanket would flexibly adapt moderate changes in the ground's shape to the fixed shape of the solid foundation under the structure;

2.1.6. so, the foundation and structure may ride the shifting ground as a boat rides on waves, because the forces transmitted by the solid ground are moderated by the flexible intermediating, adaptive, cohesive and shock-absorbing layer between the footings or piers and under the slab in the foundation.

A-shape adaptor between foundation and log/timber component 2.2. further to optimizing the juncture of the foundation to EFFICIENT STRUCTURE interface, consider that the base of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component is shaped differently from that of most building components which are installed on foundations: therefore, I dependently claim triangular mini-beams (shock-absorbant if necessary) as an appropriately devised means by which the components of the first log/timber course can be securely set on, supported by, and attached to the foundation when the first log/timber course /C, /D: -II, is bonded to the top of the foundation perimeter (since adhesive, moisture-resistant synthetic mortar or chinking compound offers little structural support) in order to form a strong, supportive and stable adjuncture between the foundation and the log/timber walls, as required by site conditions, comprising

triangular shock-absorbing synthetic rods or pieces of wood, with the adhesive synthetic mortar or chinking compound layered around them in the first log/timber course's A-joints to increase vertical support and strength between the A-shaped element and the foundation, the mini-beams being supplementary long triangular components positioned to be parallel to, and to fit into the A-joint, and of the same length as each log-timber component they help support.

Properly set anchor-bolts attach foundation to structure 2.3. Also in accordance with the above purposes I dependently claim provision in the foundation for the specially adapted metal reinforcement anchor bolts (/C, /D, /G 5) which provision comprises the means and procedure by which the anchor bolts are cast or otherwise installed into the foundation with footing (or piers, or etc.) in such way that the fastener columns will stand perpendicular to level at the foundation (plumbly), so that these anchor bolts with compatibly threaded tops will properly connect the foundation to the EFFFICIENT STRUCTURE and its fastener subsystem; accordingly, the first course log/timber components can be hoisted over and lowered onto the foundation perimeter, while the anchors' protruding bolt-tops are inserted through the tabbed channels in that first course of log/timber components as they are lowered onto the adhesive, shapeable synthetic mortar or chinking compound with the triangular supporting mini-beams.

RESILIENT WASHERS CUSHION, SUPPORT AND ADAPT TABS/FASTENERS 3. I dependently claim the combinative improvements from the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE'S innovative use of closed cell, thermally non-reactive, compressible, resilient and durable synthetic washers, of appropriate form, dimensions and specifications to this application, which combinative improvements comprise the washers' use in innovative applications and positions within this system, as the washers function to cushion and protect each log/timber component tab (one washer over and one washer under the tab, inside the drilled channels) from pressure, stress and/or abrasion, and/or, as the washers function innovatively in combination with the fastener subsystem and the tabbed channels, to improve flexible and adaptable support which adjusts and corrects for imbalance, slippage, misalignment, compression and/or wood shrinkage between the tab and proximate fasteners, at the upper and lower tab-sections' contact positions between the fasteners' upper nut-shoulder and lower nut-base sections. MATCHING SYNTHETIC WEATHER-PROOF SHIELDS 4. I claim, dependently to the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber system, camouflaged matching-color synthetic moisture-proof weather shields specially shaped to fit as a cover for the exterior side(s) of log/timber components' straight lapped-joint end-seams between adjoining log/timber components, which weather shields are specially formed to serve two purposes, so that:

4.1. straightly consecutive adjoining log/timber components have end-seams covered with weather-shields comprising a T-shaped synthetic component with two planes joined at right-angles, of which the shield is the larger rectangle which has a large protective surface that completely covers the lapped-joint seam as the head of the 'T-', (looking somewhat like a 'shake' that fits into the outside gap around the squared lap-joint to complete the missing bevel of the log/timber component's exterior facet) and also including a small tongue as the stem of the 'T' that fits into the caulked joint-seam at each lapped joint: thus, the large protective surface on the 'T'-head element of the component will serve to prevent air infiltration and rain penetration into these joints, and to provide improved thermal and energy efficiency, that is to maintain overall weather-tightness, all of which will also help prevent deterioration of wood materials;

4.2. for similar purposes on corner lap-joint seams, I independently claim special matching simulated 'post'-style weather shields /E10, comprising weather-proof synthetic molded components with a shape that vertically is the height of one complete floor level from subfloor support or ceiling -levels to the next ceiling or roof -levels, and is laterally shaped as a thick sheet folded lengthwise to form a right-angle-bent vertical corner, formed to fit vertically over corner-joints (that have effective weather shielding properties but don't need any structural support capacity), by which means the lapped corner-joint seams are protected from adverse weather and thermal infiltration, (if the building has more than one floor-level, the bottom end of each next corner-post shield overlaps over the top of the previous corner-post shield) since the shields are affixed onto the corners with waterproof, flexible adhesive caulk: these simulated-post corner-joint shields are put on over corners after all the courses for the entire wall without the roof are completed, or after all the courses for each complete story/level are finished -- working from floor to (next) ceiling to roof, with each top end of the vertical corner shield being fastened to the wood lapped corner joints or exterior roof sub-structure at ceiling- or roof- level, under the bottom of the next higher overlapping corner-post weather-shield component if there are several floor-levels, and/or under the flashing, the facia and/or the soffit board, or under the frieze board on the roof eaves at the wall-top level.

'TIH'-FRAMES UNIVERSAL INTERFACE FOR PRE-FAB WINDOW/DOOR UNITS 5. I claim, independently, specialized window/door interface components that are innovatively designed with a combination of features by means of which several problems can be solved, including weather-proofing seams and junctures of dissimilar unadapted components to prevent adverse climatic infiltration from the structure's exterior to its interior, the structural adaptation of the narrow dimension of the prefabricated window or door to the greater depth of the log/timber component, to protect the fragile window/door component from massive log/timber components' "wood movement" and other structural and environmental phenomena that causes stress against prefabricated casings or may cause structural distortion or gaps, to arrange this installation of two dissimilar sets of components with an interface that provides excellent adjunctive adaptation, and etc. { positions for all windows and doors in each wall should be planned so that log/timber components over and under openings will be structurally balanced, supported and supportive within each wall }

5.1. which 'T-I-H' window/door interface components comprise two principal finished elements, one from two preassembled, specially shaped parts and the other element with one shaped part, as well as an optional additional element (required only under certain circumstances) made from good quality materials (that match those of the log/timber-type components) with the following shapes and dimensions, features, purposes and assembly procedures:

5.1.1. the first element of the window/door interface, called the T-element, is shaped like a long, continuous 'T'-shape (/M 23) -- each of whose 'T'-parts (henceforth: 'T'- = T-, 'I'- = I- & 'T-I-H' = T-I-H, etc.) have one board with a length equivalent to the width or height of the window or door -opening it shall frame, and with the other dimensions to be about 8 - 11 inches wide and about 3/4 - 1 inch thick, within which first T-element are two parts, as follows:

5.1.1.1. the first part of the T-element, called the T-stem, is a board approximately the same width as the widest depth of the log/timber component profile plus an additional inch more or less, that is to serve as the main window to loo-end buffer within the T+I=H interface, 5.1.1.2. the second part of the T-element, called the T-top, is an equally long, and up-to about 7 - 14 inch wide board (precise finished sizes depend on the characteristics of the pre-fab window/door and depth of the log/timber components), also about 3/4" - 1" thick, lengthwise center-grooved plank, which T-top will serve as exterior window/door interface framing around the outside of the interface;

5.1.2. then, the T-stem (-tongue) part is tongue-and-groove joined lengthwise into the groove along the center of the T-top part so that these two parts are pre-assembled and glued with epoxy (or similar durable) cement at the factory, to form the long T-element /M23;

5.1.3. the second element of the window/door interface is another lengthwise center-grooved board, which we call the I-element, /M 24, which is the same length as the T-stem but narrower (approximately between 5 and 10 inches wide, about 1/2 - 1 inch thick), and has decoratively finished or bevelled edges along each outer edge, so that it looks somewhat like molding but is thicker, stronger and has a groove routed-in lengthwise along its plain surface;

5.1.4. finally, there are also optional plain matching rectangular boards, trimmed on site to fit those dimensions which depend on the difference (if any) between the depth and other dimensions of the pre-fab window/door casing compared with the dimensions of T-element and log/timber component after the window/door is installed onto the T-element that has been installed in the structure's window/door opening, since it will be installed into position between the inside border of the pre-fab window/door and the installed I-element; 5.2. I dependently claim the innovative features and functions of these T-I-H window/door interface components which solve various log/timber component to window/door component adaptation, insulation, installation and structural problems through T-I-H interface features comprising the following means and manners:

5.2.1. adaptation problems are resolved by means of these T-I-H window/door interfaces and the intervening log/timber sill and header components, as the uneven ends or awkward surfaces of wider A-shaped log/timber components around window/door openings are adapted to most or all prefabricated windows or doors, since, the latter usually being much narrower than the depth of log/timber components, then, the complete T-I-H interface individually encases the log/timber component-ends on one side of the interface as well as the pre-fab window/door component on its other side with easy adaptation to the different sizes and formats, by the combined means of the intervening T-stem, the exterior overlap of the T-top and the interface's interior completion by the I-element, with whatever accomodation for discrepancies may remain necessary being easily made up by the optional interior wedge element;

5.2.2. tnoisture and weather infiltration problems are resolved by means of the T-top part's (exterior frame-element) overlap from the edge of the pre-fab window/door component over the seams and the assembled log/timber lap-ends to the ends of the exterior bevel- edge of the log/timber component, with caulking and insulation applied to gaps between all these components, so that uneven or dissimilar surfaces and seams between log/timber wall-ends and window or door components are covered and generally shielded from infiltration of moisture and adverse weather conditions;

5.2.3. insulation problems of heat loss through gaps in seams, and between log/timber components and window/door components are easily resolved by filling the larger spaces with climatically non-reactive insulative material or pads and applying caulk or chinking compound to smaller uneven gaps between these components;

5.2.4. problems related to structural stress from misalignment, skewed building sections, dynamic pressure and/or warped components caused by such phenomena as climatic effects on wood, uneven compression or settling, and deleterious effects from dynamic forces are improved or resolved by the thick board of the T-stem parts on the T-I-H components, which are installed along each side of the window/door opening, since this prevents the massive log/timber component-ends from pressing directly against the flimsier sides of prefabricated, fragile window components (and sometimes flimsy door components, also) to protect these from dents, distortion, displacement and other damage;

5.2.5. problems from off-square displacement which sometimes cause open gaps between the windows or doors and the log components in a disaligned wall are resolved by the T-I-H interface component's free casing around the more unstable, reactive log/timber ends along the sides of window/doors, since only the T-elements on the window/door opening's top

and the window opening's bottom (sill, /F, /M, /L 21) are nailed to the joint-ledges of the log/timber components over and under the opening, but the window/door side interfaces are NOT FASTENED TO THE LOG/TIMBER COMPONENT ENDS (/M 2(12) and 2(13)) along the sides of the opening, and furthermore, a cushioned gap between the log/timber components' ends and the T-stem is allowed as easement, on each side of the window/door opening, to reduce stress between components, because these features allow for some expansion/contraction 'movement', settling and structural adjustment of the log/timber components within the outer groove of the T-I-H interface without opening of gaps between, stress against, distortion of, or damage to, the more fragile window fitting; 5.3. I dependently claim improved efficiency of window/door component assembly for log buildings comprising the T-I-H window/door interface components' special features and procedures that provide a consistent, simpler, universally adaptable and more effective window/door installation:

5.3.1. the T-elements /M 23, are installed around the window/door opening from the exterior, before the pre-fab window or door component is installed,

5.3.2. waterproof, adhesive caulking is applied all around the outer edges inside the T-elements that go over the borders of log/timber components around the opening, water-resistant, adhesive chinking compound is used to fill-in all the smaller gaps in uneven log/timber borders around the opening, and insulative materials or resiliant cushioning pads are installed in larger gaps and between the component ends and the window interface T-stems along the sides of the opening;

5.3.3. after this, the T-elements are installed around the openings, then waterproof adhesive caulk is applied on the other window/door inner sides of the T-elements all around the opening, where the casing of the prefabricated window/door component will be set in,

5.3.4. next, the window or door component is set in place to close the opening from the interior of the structure. The window or door is pressed into position inside the caulked T-element installed to frame the opening on the exterior, and then fastened to the T-elements of the interface according to the window/door manufacturer's instructions,

5.3.5. then, plain, matching finish boards, the same thickness as the pre-fab window/door casing and cut to fit as wedges between the pre-fab window/door components and the decorative, capping, interior I-elements of the T-I-H interface components, are set against the remainder of the T-stems beyond the back of the window/door component,

5.3.6. finally, the decorative, capping, interior I-elements /M 24, are installed and fastened, from the structure's interior onto the inside ends of the T-stems around the opening (behind the wedges and window/door component), \after\ the pre-fab window or door component has been installed into the opening lined with the T-elements /M 23;

5.4. I independently claim the innovative shape with purposeful structural form of the T-I-H window/door interface for log/timber structures as it is after complete installation in the structure, comprising the I elements installed on the T-stems to cover the windows/doors and the interior walls around the opening, the interface's appearance like an H-shape turned sideways /M 23<+>24, so that the log/timber component lap-ends fit inside one H indentation, and the window/door with its opening mechanism and frame inside the other H indentation, as well as the completed sections of turned-over, T+I=H interface components that are installed around each window or door opening in the walls;

5.5. I dependently claim the various systemic improvements and innovative advantages resulting from this multi-function T-I-H window/door interface arrangement, since the T-I-H window/door interface:

5.5.1. provides a protective buffer between the massive log/timber components and the usually lighter, more fragile pre-fabricated window and door components,

5.5.2. efficiently adapts the wider dimensions of the log/timber components to the usually narrower dimensions of prefab window and door framing, and

5.5.3. provides means for continuing adjustment of the log/timber structure relative to the window/door components, with the freely adaptive interface's H-sides allowing for differentiated 'movement', expansion, contraction, slippage and non-symmetrical shifts of the log/timber components and their ends against the side interfaces rather than against fragile sides of the pre-fab window/door framing they protect,

5.5.4. meanwhile, through the top and bottom interface sections, the prefab window/door components structurally are supported by and secured vertically to the log/timber courses above and below them,

5.5.5. in addition, the caulked and chinked interfaces' T-top overlap over the log/timber component-ends' opening perimeters, as well as over the prefab window/door framing, prevents infiltration of moisture and wind into the structure through the seams between the windows/doors and log/timber walls. SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS FROM COMBINED COMPONENT FUNCTIONS

6. Therefore, I dependently claim combinative improved structural stability, strength, adaptability and durability, as well as solidity of assembly, comprising the specific functional improvements, recited heretofore, that result in systemic effects which are increased in a synergistic manner by the combination of all the special components, characteristics, features, functions and attributes of this comprehensive system of log/timber construction.

C . RELATED AUXILIARY COMPONENTS, SUPPLIES AND FITTINGS

SPECIAL UTILITIES CHANNELS FOR ELECTRONIC NETWORKS

7. After the building is closed to weather, various types of electrical, electronic and communication utilities circuits and/or networks should be installed. Since some log building kits do not include provision for utilities' installations (even though local codes usually require electrical outlets installed throughout the buildings at regular intervals) which lack of utilities provision allows a possibility that unplanned local installation may improperly install these so as to compromise or defeat the structural purposes and features of this system, and since most finished conventional modern buildings include installations of electrical conduit, telephone lines and (optional) TV/intercom and/or security lines, therefore I dependently claim special accomodation and provision, in this log/timber building system, of subsystems for each type of these circuits or networks, comprising specialized modular conduit elements (already available), installed in or with specially formed EFFICIENT STRUCTURE element and/or components: with each type of electronic network to be installed in one of three open channels (/G 2(15)) prepared in the log/timber components for easy installations into assembled log/timber walls, of electrical, electronic and communications utilities circuits and networks into efficient, attractive and readily accessible channels and receptacles, which electrical and electronic utilities' circuit and network facilities comprise electrically isolated parallel adjacent channels and outlet-receptacles that are factory-routed horizontally along the upper area of the interior facet of each next-over-flooring level log/timber component, and are located about four inches up (or where designated by 'Code') from the finish flooring (over joists, girders or slab) on the interior side of the assembled log/timber walls, and would also include provision for these utilities installations to continue neatly and efficiently around proximate-connecting interior partitioning walls and load-bearing structures in a form appropriate to the materials involved, using easily assembled universal connectors and compatible outlet boxes to be installed on site, other types of conduit with communications cables for telephones with easy to install receptacles for jacks, and TV- stereo cable, intercom, electronic security networks, or a combination of these, in such a way that these electronic utilities service circuits or networks could also continue around the interior of each subsequent floor-level course with similar channels and with comparable vertical channels routed (on site after assembly, for straightness) upwards from those horizontal baseboard channels with compartments routed for switches located next to the front and back entry doors as well as by other exterior passageways such as patio doors, etc. (such vertical channels may also be used to extend circuits and networks further for ceiling lights and to subsequent floor levels). SIMULATED BASEBOARD-MOLDING UTILITIES' CHANNEL-COVERS 8. After installation of these utilities' circuits and networks, the channels for electronic networks (between conveniently located electric-outlets) should be covered by a suitable decorative and purposeful covering which looks like a baseboard molding. Accordingly, I dependently claim decorative combination snap-over baseboard-channel-covers IF li, that can close-off the utilities' channel facilities as well as help separate/isolate the channels, comprising:

8.1. synthetic-wood simulated decorative baseboard moldings that cover the sets of channels by hooking into a groove along the top of the set of channels routed in

the log/timber components) and snapping onto a ridge at the bottom of the channels, are made to shut with tight enough pressure so that a child cannot pry it open,

8.2. vertical channels are covered with a synthetic or wood simulated-log/timber-post snap-on finish panel, 8.2.1. also similar electrical and telephone service pre-routed channel arrangements can be made for the first log/timber course on the second floor and successive levels,

8.3. a further advantageous feature for these efficient utilities' installations is that because of the convenient opening of these channel-covers, the utility-circuits will always be easily accessible for repairs or modifications. OTHER RELATED SUBORDINATE STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS 9. I dependently claim inclusive provision for any or all practical subordinate, structurally adapted and compatible accoutrements, fittings and finishing supplements as implicitly necessary to complete these log/timber structures in accordance with these structural purposes, standards and the client(s') requirements; for example, subordinate and compatible fittings may comprise but are not limited to: specially adapted roof trusses or components , and specially adapted weather-proofed entry/connection receptacles as well as accessible fittings and/or subsystems for electrical conduit and communications cables, and for plumbing, heating utilities and/or venting, etc., furthermore, other structural components which particular site circumstances may require, (for example: below grade water-resistant retaining walls) can be made of known synthetic materials as current, or further modified through other processes of innovative adaptation, and/or by the addition of other ingredients and elements, to be hardened, made flexible, or bonded in combinations, adapted as necessary to enhance particularly required properties of structural resistance, tensile strength, resiliency, cohesion, and/or water-, rot-, fungal- and vermin- resistance, while maintaining non-toxicity in said components, so that options are available that can maintain the durability and adaptability of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE building system with the previously described components, to be appropriate for most situations, since this can be accomplished with adaptations or combinations of known ingredients and processes in accordance with their intrinsic properties which are known to be available in intrinsic properties which are known to be available in materials used for other purposes:

9.1. thus, the innovatively designed, engineered and/or improved components and features of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE components, described herein, must implicitly include any supplementary minutiae, such as secondary standard fasteners, and etc., as well as any practical related and/or subordinate modifications and processes (for example, whether to seal exterior surfaces or not, on which woods, with what substance for which conditions, on site or at the factory, etc.) that may be necessary for optimization of products or materials, as well as for structural, manufacturing, or construction improvements, and/or for modifications which adapt the materials, components or processes to suit the particular requirements of some special: client, use, design, site, or marketing purpose(s), and/or economic, organizational or strategic plans.

D. EFFICIENT STRUCTURE PREFABRICATED BUILDING SYSTEM:

Introduction-

I independently claim an innovative pre-fabricated log/timber type of building construction system, called the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE, with a compatibly integrated, innovative combination of special components, subsystems, fittings, functions and features whereby this combination synergistically supports, improves and increases the building system's structural durability, stability, purposeful adjustability and strength, as well as offering special advantages ranging from ample adaptability to fit special site and client requirements, to streamlined efficient on-site assembly by means of simplified and efficient construction procedures; thus, this combination of interrelated compatible components in the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE system comprises, throughout its exterior walls, the innovative EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components for the exterior walls, and the improved reinforcing metal EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners (both the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber and fastener components are each specified as independent separate claims) which function innovatively in combination with certain other special interdependent materials, elements or components, accompanied with those other special, standard and/or typical elements, components and fittings that are necessary for structural completeness, which are systematically designed, adapted or selected so as to structurally assist, fit compatibly with or into (such as doors), or function with, the exterior EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber wall, in such ways that are compatible with, are supportive of, or that contribute to the logs'/timbers' purposeful design, form, systemic relations and exceptional features, and/or in such ways that serve the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE'S important structural or systemic purposes;

INTERACTIVE / INTERDEPENDENT SYSTEM COMPONENTS, SUBSYSTEMS 1. Accordingly, this EFFICIENT STRUCTURE system's principal elements, components, materials, and subsystems comprise:

1.1. compatible foundations prepared in accordance with appropriate specifications, which specially adapt site conditions to support the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber structure, including EFFICIENT STRUCTURE'S specialized adaptive components where necessary:

1.1.1. the optional EFFICIENT STRUCTURE synthetic shock-absorbing and adaptive foundation-blanket for geologically unstable sites,

1.1.2. compatibly threaded anchor bolt components to attach fasteners to foundation,

1.1.3. shock-absorbing triangular mini-beam adaptor components from the foundation-top to the log/timber component-bottom's A-shape element;

1.2. the principal EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components, including these features:

1.2.1. A-shaped elements or sections,

1.2.2. Joint-ledge elements or sections,

1.2.3. True (plumb) vertical log/timber components' interior facets as relational base for consistent structural format,

1.2.4. Channel and tab elements through which fasteners are threaded, and by which means fasteners structurally position, moderate and secure components,

1.2.5. Lapped end-joint elements that may universally also form inside or outside corners,

1.2.6. Electronic utilities channel elements that are pre-routed in some appropriate log/timber components (those for placement immediately above floor levels),

1.2.7. Pocket elements of appropriate sizes (pre-routed at selected positions in appropriate log/timber components) for connecting interior load-bearing components and cross-beam structural-support members (structural components and beams, girders or joists),

1.2.8. Log/timber components' exterior facets in the form of weather-protective overhangs (with rustic natural-curve or contemporary clapboard-finish decor),

1.2.9. Log/timber components' exterior facet drip-edge feature,

1.2.10. Means for attachment of non-loadbearing interior connecting partition walls to interior of log/timber walls, such as small routed slots in selected log/timber components for insertion of tabs from partition walls;

1.2.11. EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components with one horizontal interface at the top or bottom modified to have level flat surfaces (upper or lower half levelled) that adapt log/timber A-joints to forms of sills and headers for windows and doors, foundation / first course, and/or roof substructure elements,

1.3. resiliant, high-tensile metal EFFICIENT STRUCTURE nut-based bolt fastener components,

1.4. high resiliance compressible washer components (standard, according to specifications),

1.5. (sill- and top-plate- securing) end-nuts and (header-securing) bolts that are compatible with the special EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fastener components,

1.6. appropriate, compatible interior structural support timber, reinforced or laminated cross-beam and joist members,

1.7. the sequential reinforcing EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fastener subsystem, including washers and tabs, along with compatibly threaded anchor-bolts, fasteners, header-bolts and sill/top-plate end-nuts,

1.8. matching T-I-H interface components adapting EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components to standard pre-fab door/window framed components

1.9. EFFICIENT STRUCTURE adaptive top-plates with compatible pre-fabricated roof-truss components or adapted joists and rafters, along with selected compatible roofing materials,

1.10. flexible synthetic adhesive and/or weather-, moisture- and thermal- proofing materials, components and elements such as waterproof sealing caulk ( for all exterior seams), and closed-cell insulating, compressible foam sealing gaskets (to close small irregular gaps between components), as well as closed-cell or fiberglass thermal-insulating pads or material (to fill-in inner space gaps between door/window frame interfaces and log/timber component lap-ends), resiliant adhesive chinking compound to fill and seal irregular junctures or similar compounds for diverse purposes that match the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber appearance,

1.11. synthetic weather-shields and corner post shields to protect end-joints and corner-joints,

-secondary components and subsystems-

1.12. plumbing and electronic utilities' service entry and/or exit panels, which utilities are pre-installed into compact, moisture-resistant and/or fireproof, insulated exterior-matching synthetic wall-blocks formed, as simulated hollow and reinforced EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components, to fit snugly and compatibly with regular wood log/timber components in walls,

1.13. the subsystem of pre-wired electric power utility service installed through exterior fittings components, including insulated fire-resistant conduit with universal-connectors which are specially adapted for easy installation into the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components' pre-routed channels, and also connect with similar accessible channels and electronic elements in interior partitions,

1.14. the subsystem of pre-wired electronic communications service conduit and outlet/switch fittings components specially adapted for easy installation into the - EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components' pre-routed channels that connect to similarly convenient elements in interior partitions,

1.15. compatible interior partition panels (suitable for kitchens or baths) with maintenance-accessible, pre-installed plumbing utilities-core connective subsystem including universal pipe connections and fixture 'roughed-in' hook-ups,

1.16. appropriate compatible access through exterior log/timber walls and convenient connective provision for other typical components and subsystems generally considered necessary for completion of a structure, such as heating equipment and its delivery subsystem pre-installed inside interior partition panels (with maintenance and repair access), venting or doors, which are specially selected or adapted to fit the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE compatibly in accordance with systemic purposes,

1.17. optional prefabricated compatible, multi-purpose, 'built-in', interior structure-supporting: storage components, stairway or level-transport structures and room-divider partitioning components -- as necessary to complete a sound structure.

LOG/TIMBER COMPONENTS'SYSTEMIC ATTRIBUTES AND FUNCTIONS 2. I independently claim the combinative features and functions of the innovative EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components as these are interactive or interdependent with other components in the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE building system, which components' features and functions [ comprise the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE'S innovative applications of A-shaped elements and sections as well as buttressing (supporting) joint-ledge elements and sections along with tabbed channels routed into the joint-ledge sections, and the combination of these within log or timber joints and interfaces;

2.0.1. when two log/timber components are set one over the other, buttressed A-shaped joint elements fit together, top to bottom, to make adjustable, structurally improved joints/interfaces;

2.0.2. dimensions depend on particular site requirements involving considerations of local environments such as appropriate materials used for varying climatic conditions ranging from Alaska to Texas, or of adverse geophysical conditions;

2.1. the structurally effective properties and functions of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components' buttressed A-shaped joints simultaneously-

2.1.1. reduce jagged log/timber-weakening cracks or checks caused by uneven internal pressures from diverging reactions of variant layers and densities of wood grain, within the striae/sapwood rings, of the log/timber as affected by climatic and seasonal temperature and moisture changes and reactions to various other kinds of structural stress, and also reduce splitting tendencies, to improve structural durability and strength;

2.1.2. maintain stable, secure and closed joints between assembled log/timber components, which joints optimally self-adjust to localized adjunctive surface anomalies (knots, etc.) as well as horizontal and vertical positional variations within the adjunctive faces of the joints in an assembled wall, adjusting by means of buttressed A-shape joint features as gravity pulls and weight-load transfer tends to push all the joints' ledges, A-shaped surfaces and vertices, sliding them into restabilized and securely closed positions;

2.2. I dependently claim the complementary adaptive and equilibrating interactions between both the adjustable interface adjuncture of the reactive exterior A-shape sections and the structurally stabilizing plumb-level moderating limits of the weather-protected interior joint-ledge sections, comprising these operative interactive and equilibrative means and manners, according to each section's particular purposes, by which environmental and structural difficulties are resolved through compensating for or correcting discrepancies and structurally adapting proximate log/timber components in local wall assemblies to be generally plumb relative to their interior wall-facets' consistent plumb verticality;

2.3. I dependently claim the structurally unifying, equilibrated integrative continuity of the stabler joint-ledge sections for log/timber components assembled in a wall comprising the means and manners of interface-moderating sequential adjunctures of the plumb-level related joint-ledge elements which reduce localized structural skewness by the assembled sequence of plumb-square-adapted, locally-balanced, climate- protected stabler joint-ledge sections as well as by adjunctive joint-ledge elements that are generally level relative to the structurally consistent plumb verticality of their interior wall facets;

2.4. { Together, all the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component features achieve innovative structural improvements for the purpose of developing a stronger structure that is better able to withstand adverse environmental and geophysical conditions than those of Prior Art, because they comprehensively solve various problems of dimensional wood buildings (log buildings) while enhancing advantages of dimensional wood materials inherent in log/timber heartwood (core) strength, and wood structure, cohesion and fibral tensility properties, doing this by means of all the log/timber component elements and features as they structurally interact synergistically, in combination with other EFFICIENT STRUCTURE components, with beneficial functions and effects for the purposes of this system. }]

Structural and Systemic Purposes

3. I dependently claim the most important structural and systemic purposes for this system (which system includes a combination of all supplementary elements, components, features, fittings, subsystems and functions necessary to be affinative, adaptive, interactive or compatible with, or to support, enhance or systemically complete the principal log/timber components) as these purposes [ comprise the following principles in general:

3.0.1. That altogether, these purposes may be furthered by reducing or solving inherent problems of log materials in order to, through the combination of any of the included means (recited within this section), achieve a synergetically better and stronger structure than those typical of comparable Prior Art; 3.0.2. That such synergetic support or supplementation and/or synergistic enhancement or improvement, would be brought about through planned optimization by the affinative, adaptive or operational, and/or supplementary, complementary, functional or reciprocative means or properties of elements, features, materials, processes and components;

3.0.3. That, in addition, the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE system should be structurally adaptable for a variety of particular site or use requirements, and capable of conforming to optional uses with a variety of materials that might be selected for their individual intrinsic properties (as one example: different woods), so that the materials and structure may be adapted appropriately to fit specialized and/or site requirements; 3.1. { Therefore, considered comprehensively, the system comprises an integrative combination of all supplementary elements, components, features, fittings, subsystems and functions which are a structural part, or are installed in, are connected to and/or interact with the primary structural components of this EFFICIENT STRUCTURE building system so that:

3.1.1. -these should with greater priority at least be compatible with the principal components, features and functions, or otherwise should be capable of adapted efficient assembly into the system and/or

3.1.2. -optimally, these should synergetically support or supplement, and/or synergistically enhance or improve the constructive, structural and functional advantages of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE innovative log/timber components' beneficial intrinsic characteristics;

3.1.3. in particular, the completed integration of primary elements, components and functions with appropriate secondary materials, components, features, fittings and subsystems should be accomplished without detracting from the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE system's main purposes nor reducing the essential self-adjusting stabilization, strengthening effects or other improvements and attributes of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE'S innovatively profiled log/timber components and systemic features.}

] COMBINATIVE USES OF NUT-BASED-BOLT FASTENERS 4. I independently claim the innovative combinative use of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE'S improved nut-based bolt fasteners for localized adaptable attachment, along with tabbed channels in log/timber components, together with closed cell, thermally non-reactive, compressible, resilient and durable synthetic washers of appropriate form, dimensions and specifications to this application:

4.1. these improvements comprise combinative use of the fasteners braced against the tabs in the channels routed through stabilizing joint-ledge elements, moderated by washers in innovative applications and positions within this EFFICIENT STRUCTURE system, 4.1.1. as the washers function to cushion and protect each EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component tab (one washer over and one washer under the tab, between each tab and fastener inside the drilled channels) from pressure, stress and/or abrasion;

4.2. so, I dependently claim the improving protective, moderative and adaptive functions of the washers in the channels, comprising the washers' functions in combination with the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fastener subsystem and tabbed channels with ease allowance, to improve flexible and adaptable support for the binding actions (all these acting together to adjust, limit, correct and compensate for moderate structural imbalance, slippage, misalignment, torsion, compression, and/or wood warpage, expansion or shrinkage) at the upper and lower tab-sections' contact positions between the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners' upper nut-shoulder and lower nut-base sections within each log/timber channel, while the washers also protect the wood tabs from abrasion and pressure. ]

SUBSYSTEM'S COMBINATIVE SYSTEM FEATURES. FUNCTIONS 5. I independently claim the combinative systemic features and functions of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fastening subsystem which operate to structurally integrate, adjust, secure and reinforce the other components:

5.0.1. [ This EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fastening subsystem comprises four kinds of specifically purposed binding and/or connecting components -- the anchor bolts, the improved nut-based bolt fasteners, the header bolts and the end-nuts that secure sub-support sills or the top-plate (roof base) to the completed wall; 5.0.2. These EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners are formed of high-tensile resiliant metal, a material dissimilar to log/timber wood because metal is isotropic, with intrinsic properties that are complementary to the inherent properties of logs/timbers, 5.0.3. the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners interact within the log/timber component's joint-ledge section: particularly with its channel elements, their ease, and also with the tab elements;

5.1. By these means the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners act with structural complementarity to reinforce and secure the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log-timber components; In doing this, the nut-based bolt reinforcing EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners provide added vertical structural stability, along with foundation-based parallel structural positioning at appropriate intervals along course horizontals, together with lateral component security and transversal stability. as the fastener subsystem operates with these, various and other structural elements in the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE system; ]

5.1.1. among the various combinative systemic elements and features of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fastening subsystem, I subordinately claim an innovative improvement with effects that are basically essential for the durability of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE system; 5.1.1.1. [ this comprises the easement allowed between the wider diameter of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component's channels relative to the diameter of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners, along with the cushioning by compressible resiliant washers installed at the channel-tab pressure points;

5.1.1.1.1. one purpose of this special improvement combining functions of the washers' tab-cushioning and the channel-ease, is to minimize pressure from the metal fasteners' nut-base against the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber wood tab as well as from the entire EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fastener against the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber channel and thus to reduce abrasion, stress and torsion damage at fastened pressure points, typically caused by log/timber variations in positions and dimensions, so that secure component connections and structural integrity will be more durably maintained;

5.1.1.1.2. another purpose (among others), that this EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fastener/- log/timber combination performs, is achieved by means of innovative fastening functions in which the easement and cushioning features allow for moderated transversal/horizontal play between the wood channel and the metal reinforcing fastener, thereby adapting the system to accomodate seasonal log/timber changes and other typical structural variations, to protect the wood channel tabs, the components and structure from long-term damage otherwise caused by slippage, pressure and torsion between fasteners and the log/timber components;}

5.1.2. this improves upon Prior Art systems because such pressure and torsion damage commonly occurs between other systems' fasteners and wood components, which lack these features: this problem has systemic consequences because in circumstances where there is severe damage to the logs at points where they are fastened, the fasteners may no longer hold securely, thereby compromising the system's structural strength and stability; ]

5.2. I subordinately claim adaptive structural stabilization for vertical plumbness [ comprising the fasteners' vertical continuity that provides plumb reinforcement and stability, being that the EFFICIENT

STRUCTURE fasteners function together as a subsystem to maintain basic plumbness and to vertically attach the

EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components into the EFFICIENT

STRUCTURE system;

5.2.1. { The vertically reinforcing characteristics of these EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners/elements are derived from the fasteners' connected continuity straight up perpendicularly from level at the foundation, and the special shaping related to the plumbly vertical interior component facet,} since

5.2.1.1. Starting at the long bolt-headed reinforcement anchor rod with its base cast perpendicularly into the levelled foundation, continuing from the footing up through the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber walls, the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fastener subsystem provides foundation-based continuity of vertical structural reinforcement and cohesion by means of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners threaded up to the roof, course by course, through the channels in the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components;

5.2.1.2. Each log/timber component is flexibly secured to proximate log/timber courses with vertically extensive, connecting EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fastener sequences, positioned at 'Code' intervals along the walls to form parallel vertical columns; Although the specific verticality of each log/timber component in the wall may vary slightly relative to plumbness because of allowance for environmental log/timber variations through channel ease, the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components' vertical positioning in the structure is generally plumb as moderated by the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners' fixed verticality relative to foundation-level while they are installed within log/timber channel limits;

5.2.1.3. all log/timber component joint/interface elements are cut and shaped to be consistently related to the plumb vertical linearities (vertical and perpendicularly horizontal) of the component's interior side plane;

5.2.2. { Thus, the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components are adjunctively fastened into moderated systemic positions, as well as vertically stabilized throughout the structure by the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners' sequence of independent vertical columns at appropriate intervals from a levelled foundation-base. } ]

5.3. I subordinately claim innovative systemic functions of stabilizing horizontal, lateral and transverse security from the joint-ledge section's cantileverage [ comprising an adaptive lateral, transversal and horizontal EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber reinforcement and attachment network wherein each subsequent log/timber course is concurrently structurally stabilized and horizontally attached to the previous log/timber course as it is integrated into the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE system:

5.3.1. by means of the vertical EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners, as they flexibly link the horizontal EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components from each cushioned wood tab to the next cushioned tab (horizontally and vertically) within the wood channels, 5.3.1.1. as the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners for each EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component reinforce, moderate and flexibly secure each log/timber component transversely and laterally with a steadying cantileverage function from the log/timber component's stabler interior joint-ledge element, through which the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component is secured by means of the nut-bases put onto the bolt and braced against the tabs in channels within the joint-ledges;

5.3.2. { by these means, EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components' variably positioned and dimensioned, environment-reactive exterior A-shape elements are structurally adapted and flexibly fastened from the components' interior joint-ledges,

5.3.3. as a result of these functions of flexible linkage along with stabilizing cantilevered binding, each EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component is adaptably locked, horizontally and transversely, into a moderated structural position within the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE system, as the assembled EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners' nut-base elements are screwed lightly onto the moderating washers, cushioning the tabs.} ]

5.4. l subordinately claim the innovative combinative self-adjustment features [ comprising interreactive localized linking, balancing and moderating functions by the adjoined EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners, acting to operate within the limits of channels and also to secure the tabs drilled on the log/timber components, while all of these-

5.4.0.1. -are moderated by means of the washers, and 5.4.0.2. -interact reciprocatively along the horizontal linearities and transversal dimensions of proximate log/timber courses,

5.4.1. { so that these altogether comprise the means and manners by which those components and elements flexibly and interreactively fasten proximate components, adaptively integrating them into the self-adjusting EFFICIENT STRUCTURE system;}

5.5. I dependently claim the self-adjustment features comprising the interreactions which occur as immediate or proximate EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fastener elements along with other connected elements and components interact to locally link (tab-to-tab), counterbalance (the washer-cushioned tab moving on the fixed fastener shoulder as a see-saw with varying end- weights pivots to balance on a fulcrum), adjust (moderating within channel limits), and stabilize (by fastener braced against tab) the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components, allowing moderate movements:

5.5.0.1. -transversly (front to back and diagonal), 5.5.0.2. -coursewise (vertical tab to tab limited by horizontal log/timber component linearities and by lapped end-joint adjustments), and 5.5.0.3. -horizontally (adjacent tab to tab), reciprocating along the lengthwise structural dimensions of the flexibly secured EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components and interacting between proximate components and courses;

5.5.1. these element- and component- functions operate so as to continuingly adjust, balance and stabilize every log/timber interface by its ease allowances, permitting moderated ranges of movement toward various global directions, and/or permitting cushioned play between adjunctive elements and components while binding the log/timber components together securely into the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE system, thus minimizing and moderating the varying effects of localized EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber displacement and misalignment on the rest of the structure:

5.5.2. { Therefore, the self-adjustment features of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fastener subsystem in combination with the washers and the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber joint-ledge sections, channels and tabs, function interreactively to structurally compensate for a considerable amount of localized expansion, contraction, compression, stress, tension, torsion, imbalance, shifting and slipping caused by geophysical, seasonal, structural and inherent log/timber variations.} ] INTERDEPENDENT COMPONENT, FUNCTION, FEATURE COMBINATIONS 6. I independently claim the innovative "EFFICIENT STRUCTURE Building System" as it comprises the following combinations of special innovative, synergetically and/or synergistically interactive or interdependent components, elements, functions, and/or features for the system along with other connecting subsystems, elements, components and fittings: 6.1. I dependently claim the combined structural and/or systemic functions, improvements, features and characteristics of these innovative log/timber components that interactively or interdependently serve in combinations to synergetically or synergistically make the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE Log/Timber system to be generally improved compared to Prior Art, which comprise:

6.1.1. innovative structural improvements from- -the self-adjusting A-shape joint elements with adaptive locking vertices,

-the buttressing joint-ledge elements' stabilizing and cantilevered security,

-the tabbed channel elements' local linkage with range of adaptive play,

-the washer-moderated fastener subsystem links and stabilizes tab-to-tab,

-the straight and corner log/timber lap-ends for adjustable connections,

-the adaptive fasteners' plumb reinforcement from foundation thru wall, and

-the optional foundation-cushioning blanket for unstable geologic sites; and also

6.1.2. durability, sealing, insulating and protective improvements from- -the log/timber self-readjustingly closed against weather A-shaped joints,

-the down-to-outside slope of outer A-joint facet to prevent water-seepage,

-the log/timber exterior-facet's overlapped joint-seam and drip-edge protective features,

-the joint-seam / storm, protective bevel-sloped exterior-facet elements,

-the damp-reducing moisture-proof caulking on exterior joint edge,

-the resiliant foam gaskets for thermal gap-closing insulation in joints,

-the washers to cushion and protect log/timber tabs from fastener stress,

-the log/timber / pre-fab window/door interfaces to adapt and protect, and

-the weather-proofing end-seam and corner-post shielding.

6.2. I dependently claim the innovative systemic combination of all structural and systemic functions and features comprising all proximate elements, components and functions that operate interactively in adaptive combinations -- for example and inclusively but not restrictively: the improved EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners act specifically to link and vertically reinforce proximate components from foundation through roof substructure, but also act combinatively together with the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components' channels, tabs, and also the washers, to secure each successive log/timber course sequentially to previous courses, as well as to provide a systemic network that interreactively adapts, balances, positions, integrates, stabilizes and secures with moderating adjustability; 6.3. I dependently claim an improved securely unifying adjuncture between the foundation and the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber walls with joint-ledge elements that fundamentally stabilize and support the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE wall system from foundation to roof, along with adjustable A-joint elements that maintain junctures closed to exterior environment, comprising the following assembly process and structural features:

6.3.1. [ the first course of EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components (comprising header-type components) is adaptively bonded to the level foundation perimeter with additional layers of resiliant, adhesive, moisture resistant synthetic chinking compound;

6.3.2. then the inside, wider, flat and level bottom of the first course EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber component's lower flat plane for the header or joint- ledge element rests flatly lengthwise on the level top interior side of the foundation perimeter, thereby providing stabilizing support that continues up (from the level foundation top to the level bottom header or joint- ledge on the first course of log/timber components to the next course's self-adjusting A-shaped elements supported by the flat, level joint-ledge elements, secured by the locking vertices in the joint, and proceeding on successively upward from each course's joint elements to those of the next course, until the final halved A-shape log/timber sill-components that support the roof substructure are installed on the wall);

6.3.2.1. therefore, these log/timber components are structurally integrated, stabilized and supported through the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber courses by joint-ledges that are on the interior side of the wood components (which side is best protected from destabilizing effects of climatic change by the joint-closing adjustability of the outer A-joint elements) while, at the same time, log/timber courses are further secured to the foundation and footings with specially adapted, metal reinforcement "anchor" bolts imbedded in the foundation, which anchor-bolts feature threaded bolt-tops that connect plumbly and securely with the sequential subsystem of special nut-based bolt EFFICIENT STRUCTURE fasteners;

6.3.3. {in these manners, these fasteners are threaded through channels in the A-joint protected, stabler joint-ledges of EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components in the wall (from foundation to roof) to secure component connections, improve structural stability and provide vertical support between the log/timber components and the foundation.} ] LAPPED CORNER-JOINT AND END-JOINT SEAMS 7. I dependently claim improved, compatible EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber end-joint seams, within straight courses as well as within structural corner joints, [ comprising compatible lapped joints for efficient streamlined assembly and consistent yet use-adapted structural design; in particular:

7.1. all corner joints may include EFFICIENT STRUCTURE nut-based bolt fasteners if required (to extend from the foundation to the roof inside the cornering log/timber joints) which may be installed through channels that are drilled vertically through both perpendicular laps of the corner-joint in each course. ] ENERGY-EFFICIENCY, WEATHER-PROOFING AND DURABILITY 8. I dependently claim a comprehensive combination of improvements of weather-tightness and durability for the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE compared with Prior Art, [ comprising the following features, elements and components:

8.1. prevention of infiltration of exterior temperatures or moisture into joint seams (for energy-efficiency and avoidance of wood materials' deterioration):

8.1.1. the A-shaped elements' joint-closing readjustment capacities,

8.1.2. the upward slope on the outer facet of the log/timber A-joint (water does not easily run uphill),

8.1.3. application of a thick line of water-resistant caulking along the exterior joint-edges to seal joints on each course of the log/timber wall,

8.1.4. design of the exterior beveled log/timber component facet so that it overlaps the joint-seam to shield it from storms or wind-driven rain, and also has a rain drip-edge located away from and below joint-seams,

8.1.5. provision of shields for protection of end and corner seams,

8.1.6. placement of a resilient, compressible insulating synthetic foam gasket strip extended lengthwise between the log/timber courses (to fill in small temporary air-gaps), and

8.1.7. provision of an improved, problem-solving means for weather-resistant adjuncture between windows or doors and walls, called a T-I-H window/door interface, with appropriate use of use of insulative pads and materials to fill gaps between log/timber component-ends and window/door interfaces, as well as caulking to seal seams.] SHOCK-ABSORBING FOUNDATION-BLANKET FOR UNSTABLE SITES 9. In order to install the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE structures so that they are best adapted to each particular site, it may be necessary to use other unusual and different approaches to solving some of the problems at difficult sites, such as those in earthquake zones (but not expecting to be adequate for sites directly over unstable faults, epicenters, etc.); for such purposes, these log/timber structures could have their structurally cohesive tensile resiliance properties enhanced by innovative shock-absorbing and adaptive foundation components that improve the foundation's and structure's resistance to seismic and geologic phenomena -- such innovative components would need properties of flexible cohesiveness, adaptiveness, resiliancy and/or tensility along with comparable dimensional and structural capacities, to provide improvements over the typical current compounds for foundation materials in common use at this time: accordingly, I claim, dependently to the system, the systemic features and functions of the adaptable EFFICIENT STRUCTURE shock-absorbing, foundation blanket interface component, with its adaptive combination of flexible, elastic, extendable, compressable, cohesive and resiliant force- and stress- absorbing elements spread under the structure's foundation (within its perimeter), comprising a foundation-cushioning component made with a combination of elements selectively chosen from characteristically appropriate, natural or synthetic materials that currently are readily available for other uses, with materials chosen for particular properties in accordance with specific site and environmental requirements, so as to serve this system's essential purposes through solving problems of site versus structure conflicts by means of this protective, intermediating ground / foundation / structure interface, which interface consists of-

9.0.1. a blanket-like combination-component composed from an adapted extendable, adhesive and pliable compound material with properties of flexible cohesiveness, adaptiveness and shock-absorbance similar to that of bubble-gum, (different compounds with varied combinations of ingredients may be appropriate for different site conditions, such as dry sand, wet clay, sliding silt, layered slate, conglomerate, etc.), 9.0.2. a resiliant, shock-absorbing frame around the gummy blanket's perimeter, which frame would be composed of truck tire-like materials and shaped to fit within the foundation's perimeter,

9.0.3. heavy-duty rubber-like balls/spools/blocks (bearings/stabilizers/shock-absorbers)- bonded or molded inside the gummy blanket element at regular intervals, combined in a format similar to that of springs and stabilizers inside a box-spring,

9.0.4. high-tensile tire-type interwoven reinforcing cords bonded-in as a layer inside the gummy foundation- blanket material,

9.0.5. the blanket component with the 'tire-material box-spring perimeter-frame' and shock-absorbing elements bonded-in, which is molded onto or set between (peelable) glazed kraft-paper sheets for ease of handling,

9.0.6. said blanket, unrolled within the center of the foundation area, is to be set into the middle of the sub-foundation layers -- horizontally between piers with its shock-absorbing truck-tire-like perimeter framework lining the inside of the foundation's perimeter, 9.1. so that this shock-absorbing foundation blanket has special advantageous features and functions that serve to strengthen and stabilize the structure and foundation, which features and functions include:

9.1.1. this blanket-interface's supportive and reinforcing structural form as it is maintained by the attached truck tire-like materials around the blanket's perimeter, installed abutting the pier, pile or continuous foundation's interior perimeter,

9.1.2. the shock-absorbing resiliancy and elasticity in the blanket element provided by bonding oval-, spherical- or block- shapes made of recycled or new truck-tire-materials, (distributed at regular intervals throughout the blanket) to act like bearings and shock absorbers,

9.1.3. the tensile strength and cohesive reinforcement of this structural form provided by bonding-in intersecting lengths of interwoven tire-reinforcement-type cord or recycled radial tire belts throughout the flexible, elastic gummy blanketing layer,

9.1.4. the ease of handling and installation since the blanket component, once molded onto or set between (peelable) glazed kraft-paper sheets for ease of handling and shipping, can be rolled up for shipment, and, before construction of the slab, is unrolled like a carpet at the prepared level foundation site,

9.2. the foundation-blanket component's combined synergistically adaptive intermediation between the site's geological base and the structure's foundation, with stabilizing, supportive and strengthening effects on the foundation and/or structure, as installed over the sub-foundation sand/gravel layers and between the lower sand/gravel sub-foundation layers and under the concrete slab;

9.3. therefore, the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE foundation and log/timber building may ride the shifting ground as a boat rides on waves, because the forces transmitted by the solid ground at the site are moderated by the protective and flexible intermediating, adaptive, cohesive and SHOCK-ABSORBING FOUNDATION BLANKET COMPONENTS between the footings or piers and under the concrete slab in the foundation (similarly, in earlier epochs, sailing ships of comparable wood construction survived the dynamic forces of fierce gales and storms on a foundation of rough seas).

BUILDING COMPLETION: STRUCTURAL ROOF CONNECTION

10. I dependently claim means by which the roof-attachment sub-structure and main wall structure are adjoined securely, stably and tightly from the exterior wall top log/timber course and top plates to the rafters, joists, beams and/or trusses, [which means inclusively comprise:

{ fastening the roof-support structure to the wall structure by the last course of nut-based bolt reinforcement fasteners in the fastener subsystem, which fasteners are connected successively down to the foundation anchor bolts, and also roof sub-structure means are made such that roof-support components are set into appropriately-sized pockets like those for exterior- wall-connected interior floor support members can be routed into top-plates, or roof-support components can be lapped on top-plates or log/timber sills,} as appropriate to resolve environmental stress problems typical for each site.]

AUXILIARY COMPONENTS AND FITTINGS: FEATURES AND PURPOSES LOG/TIMBER WALL CONNECTIONS TO INTERIOR STRUCTURE COMPONENTS 11. I dependently claim the combinative compatible provision of connective means from the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components to the interior structural support-beam components and other adjunctive components comprising the pocket-elements routed into the log/timber components at required intervals on particular courses (floor/ceiling level), so that structural support beams or other such members are connected with end attachments installed like tabs into their designated respective POCKETS in the log/timber components, and support brackets are installed under them from the wall to the support member, where needed, on the assembled wall (whereever these adjuncts are positioned according to the architectural plan); then, other parts of the interior structure are completed and finally the non-structural partitions, finishing materials and components are put in; 11.1. as necessary, additional support and reinforcement may be applied to floor or roof support components by installation of support brackets, braces or fasteners from the wall log/timber course to the girder, beam, truss or joist extending under each pocket.

INTERIOR UTILITY AND PARTITION COMPONENTS' CONNECTIONS

12. I dependently claim provision of means for adjunctive support and attachment of interior structural components for utilities fixture and partition connections to the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber wall perimeter, comprising utility- entry-base_control/source to network connectors, and, factory-routed smaller tab pockets in log/timber components, (at positions specified on architectural plans) to install interior utility networks connecting through log/timber utility-entry components, and to install adjoining tabbed interior partition walls.

13. MATCHING SYNTHETIC WEATHER-PROOF SHIELDS

13.1. I claim, dependently to the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber system, camouflaged matching-color, water-proof weather shields shaped to cover the exterior side(s) of log/timber components' straight lapped-joint seams, which weather shields comprise a T-shaped synthetic component with two perpendicular planes, of which the shield (like the head of a 'T') is large rectangle that totally covers the lapped-joint seam, so the large protective surface on the 'T'-head element of the component will serve to prevent air infiltration and rain penetration into the joints, and to provide improved thermal and energy efficiency, that is to maintain weather-tightness, which should also help prevent deterioration of wood materials to increase structural durability and soundness;

13.2. also, for similar purposes on corner lap-joint seams, I independently claim special matching simulated 'post'-style weather shields /E10 for use on structures in very moist and stormy climates, such as along coasts, comprising weather-proof synthetic molded components with a shape that vertically is the height of one complete floor level, formed to fit vertically over corner-joints, so that in severe storms these corner-post shields are better than bevelled shakes because they do not have so many edges as shakes or shingles have to catch wind-gusts on the corners, so the corner-post shields are less easily blown off, also, the lapped corner-joint seams are protected from adverse weather and thermal infiltration by means of these right-angled corner-post shields (that have effective weather shielding properties but don't need any structural support capacity) which will be caulked onto the corners with waterproof, flexible adhesive caulk;

13.2.1. if the building has more than one floor-level, the bottom end of each next higher corner-post shield overlaps over the top of the previous lower corner-post shield, in such ways that the top end of the vertical corner shield is fastened to the wood lapped corner joints or exterior roof sub-structure at ceiling- or roof- level, under the bottom of the next higher overlapping corner-post weather-shield component if there are several floor-levels, or under the flashing, the facia and/or the soffit board, or under the frieze board on the roof eaves at the wall-top level. SNAP-ON BASE MOLDING COVERS UTILITIES CHANNELS 14. Most finished conventional buildings include installations of electrical conduit, telephone lines and (optional) TV/intercom and/or security lines, therefore provision should be and is made in this log/timber system for each type of these circuits or networks. Accordingly, I claim, dependently, provision of convenient facilities for easy installations of such networks into assembled log/timber walls and connecting structure, by means of electrical, electronic and communications utilities circuits and networks in the form of specialized modular conduit and component sections (already available) to be installed into the specific log/timber components' efficient, attractive and readily accessible channels and receptacles, comprising electrically isolated parallel adjacent channels and outlet-receptacles, that are factory-routed horizontally along the upper area of the interior facet on each next-over-flooring level log/timber component, one of each type of network to be installed into each of the open parallel channels

which channels are covered with special baseboard-look snap-on covers Provision would also be made for these utilities

installations to continue neatly and efficiently around proximate-connecting interior partitioning walls and load-bearing structures, as appropriate to their use, in a compatible form for the materials involved. OTHER SUBORDINATE OR SUPPLEMENTARY COMPONENTS 15. I claim inclusive provision in systemic combination for any or all practical subordinate, structurally adapted and compatible accoutrements, fittings and finishing supplements as implicitly necessary to complete these EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber-type buildings, to 'turn-key' condition, in accordance with these structural purposes, standards and the clients' requirements; for example, subordinate and compatible fittings may comprise but are not limited to: compatible roof trusses, roof sub-structure components or roofing materials, as well as specially adapted weather-proof utilities' entry/connection receptacles and accessible fittings and/or subsystems for electrical conduit, communications, security cables, and for plumbing, heating utilities and/or venting, etc.

Furthermore, I dependently claim provision for such other related innovative or improved structural components, as required for specialized supportive purposes (such as below grade water-resistant retaining walls) which can be made of known synthetic materials as current or with the addition of other ingredients and elements, or further adapted through other innovative synthetizing compound ingredients and/or processes, or bonded in combinations or otherwise modified, comprising those components necessary to enhance particularly required properties of structural resistance, tensile strength, resiliency, cohesion, and/or water-, rot-, fungal- and vermin- resistance, and etc. for the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE, whenever these can be accomplished with modifications or combinations of known ingredients, processes and inherent properties available by adaptation from previously available products with other prior uses that can have parallel applications, with the consideration that synthesized types of log/timber materials can be similarly used as a wood substitute for supplementary or lower-stress components and/or other diverse components for specific parts of foundations or general construction purposes, for example: synthetic log/timber utilities-entry components, pier-seat shock-absorbing foundation components, gap-filling or appearance-matching foundation components, and/or other such special purpose components that may be necessary to adapt this system for specialized site or use requirements; also, the innovative, combinative and/or improved EFFICIENT STRUCTURE components and features described above must implicitly include any supplementary items, such as secondary standard fasteners, and etc., as well as practical related or subordinate modifications and processes (for example, whether to seal exterior surfaces or not, on which woods, with what substance for which conditions, on site or at the factory, etc.) that may be necessary for optimization or special adaptation of components or materials. ASSEMBLY PROCEDURES

16. I claim an improved streamlined, labor-saving ( facilitated for less-skilled assemblers by means of step-by-step instructional video and printed media), building assembly process comprising the following elements, components, materials, procedures and relationships:

16.1. PROCEDURES FOR WALL ASSEMBLY INCLUDE the first course of log/timber components is set over a prepared appropriate foundation perimeter as previously recited; also, during construction, gaps should be allowed for window and door openings, according to plan specifications;

16.1.1. Preliminary steps and supporting components- 16.1.1.1. preliminary preparation for each next course requires that waterproof caulking be applied along the exterior joint-edges and insulating foam strips be placed over the A-shape vertices ofthe log/timber components, in the wall, on top of the course previously assembled (or on the foundation perimeter);

16.1.1.2. then, a washer is threaded onto each of the previous course's protruding fastener bolt-tops in the wall and is pushed down onto the top of each tab-top,

16.1.1.3. each of nut-based bolt-head fasteners in the next course are inserted (nut-base first) into each channel and screwed carefully onto the threaded bolts (taking care to maintain plumbness) until each nut-base of the newly screwed-in fastener is firmly on over the resiliant washer, down to the washers on the tabs but not compressing the washers too tightly against the tabs, thereby locking the previous course's log/timber components into the course at a subsystem-related position in the wall,

16.1.1.4. next, another washer is threaded over each of the fastener bolt-tops and set on the shoulders of those new nut-based bolt fasteners screwed into the channel over the tabs of that previously assembled log/timber course;

16.1.2. Log/timber components' assembly-

16.1.2.1. after the seam-edges are caulked, the foam gaskets are in place and the cushioning washers are installed on top of the shoulders of the last set of fasteners installed on/over the previous course, each subsequent timber course is assembled on the exterior wall perimeter by hoisting each new log/timber into position over the next section of exterior wall which is being assembled,

16.1.2.2. next, as the new log/timber component is lowered onto the wall, each of the previously-placed protruding nut-based bolt-fasteners' bolt-tops is threaded through the pre-drilled channels with wood tabs in the new log/timber.

16.1.2.3. each log/timber component is lowered onto the wall, until the washers over the fasteners' shoulders are resting under (near or against) the tab-bottoms in the newly-placed log/timber components, thereby enabling PROTECTED MODERATIVE support from fastener-shoulders through washers to the tab-bottoms, in addition, adjacent component-ends are adjoined with the left lap-end of each subsequent log/timber component overlapping over the right lap-end of each previous log/timber component;

16.1.2.4. and each new log/timber component is set into position by pushing this component down until the vertically-adjoined complementary joint interface facets and vertices fit together tightly,

16.1.2.5. then, the next set of washers is installed on the tabs, and each of the nut-based bolt-head fasteners for the next course are inserted into each channel and screwed carefully onto the previous course's threaded bolts (taking care to maintain plumbness), installing these firmly down to each washer over the tab-top,

16.1.2.6. next, a second resiliant washer is threaded onto each of this (now previous) course's protruding fastener bolt-tops in the wall and is pushed down onto each fastener's shoulder;

16.1.3. Repeat steps to complete subsequent courses- which steps include:

16.1.3.1. fastening, cushioning, and caulking, as well as

16.1.3.2. hoisting, threading, lowering and placement, and are repeated for each log/timber component until each course is completed, and

16.1.4. each course procedure continues to be repeated in sequence, allowing gaps for window and door openings, in accordance with the architectural plan; usually the order for the entire assembly process proceeds from left to right as each log/timber component is installed, with the left lap- end of each subsequent log/timber component overlapping over the right lap-end of each previous log/timber component until walls are completed; 16.2. PROCEDURES FOR ROOF COMPLETION the last course (and those under windows) on the wall may be of half-A-shape modified sill-shape log/timber components, and top-plates may be installed over this course, depending on the requirements for that specific roof to be installed, (different types and shapes of roof may be required to be appropriate for different environmental circumstances and/or climates) therefore the top course and/or the top-plate must be adapted to fit the particular specialized type of roof components:

16.2.1. the last set of nut-based bolt fasteners will serve to securely fasten the roof support structure or top-plate (as well as rafters,trusses and thereby the roof) to the exterior wall structure and to the reinforcement system which continues downward vertically through the log/timber courses to footings that are part of the foundation,

16.2.2. final bolt-ends, from fasteners which protrude upward from the roof-base components, are fastened with appropriate end-nuts, thus attaching the roof substructure to the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE through the fastener sub-system,

STRUCTURAL POSITIONS AMONG ASSEMBLED WALL COMPONENTS 16.3. when assembly of each course is completed as in steps 1.1. ..., (after caulking and insulating strips are

16.3. when assembly of each course is completed as in steps 1.1. ..., (after caulking and insulating strips are applied on top of the log/timber components) as each first washer is threaded over each protruding bolt-end and pushed down into the channel on top of the wood tab, and as the subsequent set of nut-based bolt fasteners is screwed onto each of the bolt-tops protruding out from the channels in the previous log/timber course, resting on each wooden channel tab in the previous course, and as each second washer is threaded on the last installed fastener bolt-top and placed over the fastener-base's shoulders (to be under the following log/timber component's channel-tabs when installed), as a result, now there is a protective and moderative PAIR OF WASHERS inside each log/timber channel, of which THE LOWER WASHER IS SANDWICHED BETWEEN (over) the lower course fastener's shoulder and the new log/timber component's tab-bottom, and also, in the higher channel-position, THE UPPER WASHER IS SANDWICHED BETWEEN (under) the higher course fastener's nut-base and over the tab-top in each channel in the last-installed set of log/timber components, so that the washers over and under the wood tabs protect them from pressure and abrasion by the fasteners. 'TIH'-FRAME UNIVERSAL INTERFACE WINDOW/DOOR UNITS 17. After the roof components are assembled and secured to the completed wall structure, there are awkwardly crenelated round or beveled surfaces on the wall's exterior and uneven alternate lap-ends left open along sides of window and door openings, all of which need to be adapted for installation of windows and doors, as well as flat header and sill component surfaces (respectively) over and under windows and over doors: accordingly I independently claim the 'T+I=H' window/door interface components, as previously described, comprising a simple but effective adaptive, insulative and protective interface between typical narrower, more fragile pre-fab window or door components and the uneven, reactive, much larger log/timber component-ends and surfaces, including the following means, manners and features:

17.1. the T+I=H (T-I-H) interface has a composite T- shaped element (initially made from two boards that are tongue-and-grooved as described heretofore) while the T-element has two parts, the T-top and the T-stem, and the T-I-H interface also has a third element called the I-element;

17.2. when the T-I-H type of window/door interface is used,

17.2.1. gaps between and spaces around the log/timber component ends around openings at window and door positions are filled with insulation that is put into all spaces.

17.2.2. log/timber component ends and insulation are covered by the caulked exterior frame-sections of interfacing 'T'-components with the head overlapping the exterior of the log/timber wall around the opening's perimeter and the 'T'-stem adjoining the log/timber surfaces and ends around the opening,

17.2.3. next, the window or door component is set in place, from the interior of the structure -- the pre-fab window or door is pressed into position inside the opening lined with the caulked 'T'-elements /M 23 and fastened with flexible adhesive and fasteners to the other elements of the interfacing 'T'-components;

17.2.4. finally, the 'I' elements are installed, from inside the structure, with their routed channels set on the ends of 'T'-stems, thereby modifying the T-element into an 'H'-shape;

17.3. when the installation is finished, each complete interface section would appear like an 'H'-shape turned sideways /M 23<+>24, with the log/timber component lap-ends fitted inside one 'H' indentation, and the window/door with its opening mechanism and frame inside the other 'H' indentation; at this stage the building is now completely closed to weather;

17.4. whereby, these 'T-I-H' window/door interface components solve adaptation, insulation, installation, stress and structural problems through the various improvements and innovative advantages resulting from this multi-function window/door interface arrangement since these:

17.4.1. provide a protective buffer between the massive log/timber components and the usually lighter, more fragile pre-fabricated window and door components,

17.4.2. efficiently adapt the wider dimensions of the log/timber components to the usually narrower dimensions of prefab window and door framing, and

17.4.3. provide means for continuing adjustment of the log/timber structure independently relative to the window/door components, with the wall's side of the interface 'H' allowing for differentiated 'movement', expansion, contraction, slippage and non-symmetrical shifts of the log/timber components and their ends within and against the H-interfaces' center board, rather than against fragile sides of the pre-fab window/door framing they protect, while the window/door components are protected and secured to the other sections of the interfacing H's over and/or under the window or door;

17.4.4. prefab window/door components are structurally supported by and vertically secured to the sill and head- interfaces adjoined to the log/timber courses

above and below them, as the components are fastened to the top and bottom interface sections,

17.4.5. caulked and chinked interfaces' 'T'-tops overlap over the log/timber component-ends' opening perimeters, as well as over the prefab window/door framing, preventing infiltration of moisture and wind into the structure through the seams between the windows/doors and log/timber walls

17.5. as a result, there should not be structurally caused cracks in windows or their pre-fab frames, and gaps should not open between windows and walls;

17.6. therefore, T+I=H window/door interface components provide:

17.6.1. good insulating barriers and moisture sealing capacities between the components,

17.6.2. effective adjustability for these different components' divergeant structural variances and reactions,

17.6.3. a protective element between massive, reactive log/timber components and fragile window components, and

17.6.4. adaptation from the larger dimensions of the log/timber components to the narrower dimensions of typical pre-fab windows and doors, as well as

17.6.5. less complicated window/door installation procedures with minimal on-site modification requirements.

EFFICIENT STRUCTURE SYSTEM'S INNOVATIVE COMBINATION 18. I independently claim the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE'S systemic structural improvements comprising its innovative combination of synergetic and synergistic interactions between the various features and functions of the joined, tabbed and channeled log/timber wall structure along with the various moderating functions of the reinforcing fastener subsystem, all structured in relation to level at the foundation (which can be cushioned and protected by the synthetic shock-absorbing framed blanket), that simultaneously serve to secure and stabilize the exterior wall structure by self-adjustments in counterposition to dimensional variations and normal structural displacement:

18.1. since, such adjustments may be required because of reactions of the materials, components and structure to varying intrinsic characteristics of wood, and because of changing external climatic, geophysical, structural and environmental conditions which cause moderate stresses from warpage, cupping, twisting, checking, cracking, shrinkage, expansion, compression, slipping, shifting, torsion, tension, dynamic forces and/or settling: otherwise, these reactions could adversely affect the adjunctural closing and secure fastening of each log/timber to the system, the vertical stability of the metal reinforcing fastener subsystem, or even the vertical or lateral stability of the structure,

18.2. whereupon, all these combinations of functions and features of the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE log/timber components, the fastener subsystem along with those of the washers and the appropriately adapted foundation, as well as the other specially adapted, supporting, dependent and/or connecting components act together, with significant improvement over Prior Art, to maintain strong structural integrity while allowing a significant range of moderate adjustments in component and structural sections.

THE EFFICIENT STRUCTURE PREFABRICATED BUILDING SYSTEM 19. I independently claim the above comprehensive, interrelated combination as a structural system, called the EFFICIENT STRUCTURE, comprising a combination of innovatively designed or engineered, and/or improved major components, elements, functions and features, described herein, which must also implicitly include those typical supplementary items that are often necessary for completion of a structure, such as compatible fittings, supplementary minutiae (such as finishes, routine standard fasteners, fixtures, handles, and etc.), and any practically related and/or subordinate modifications, including those that become evident during the course of development, or that may otherwise be found to be necessary:

- for optimization of materials, components or products,

- for technical, structural, manufacturing, or construction improvements,

- and/or for specialized

..client, ..use, ..design, ..site.

..marketing,

.. economic, and/or

..environmental requirements. Invented, drafted, revised, edited, corrected, keypunched and formatted by A. Quilez Stephens: completed 9/6/89.