WO1989006829A1 - Method for obtaining a photographic coating composition - Google Patents

Method for obtaining a photographic coating composition Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1989006829A1
WO1989006829A1 PCT/EP1989/000016 EP8900016W WO8906829A1 WO 1989006829 A1 WO1989006829 A1 WO 1989006829A1 EP 8900016 W EP8900016 W EP 8900016W WO 8906829 A1 WO8906829 A1 WO 8906829A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coating
chunks
composition
components
silver halide
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1989/000016
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Le Faou
Jean-Claude Hervieux
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Company filed Critical Eastman Kodak Company
Priority to DE8989901278T priority Critical patent/DE68901090D1/en
Publication of WO1989006829A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989006829A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/025—Physical treatment of emulsions, e.g. by ultrasonics, refrigeration, pressure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/035—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein characterised by the crystal form or composition, e.g. mixed grain
    • G03C2001/03564—Mixed grains or mixture of emulsions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C2200/00—Details
    • G03C2200/43—Process
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C2200/00—Details
    • G03C2200/60—Temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
    • Y10S430/136—Coating process making radiation sensitive element
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
    • Y10S516/924—Significant dispersive or manipulative operation or step in making or stabilizing colloid system
    • Y10S516/926—Phase change, e.g. melting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for obtaining photographic compositions for a coating layer.
  • the terms "silver halide photographic emulsion” or “emulsion” refer to an emulsion formed of gelatin, containing silver halides, prepared by precipitation, washing, and spectral and chemical sensitizations. Conventionally, at this step, the emulsion is cold-stored, before melting, finishing and coating.
  • finishing addenda particularly refers, but is not limited to addenda such as anti-fogging agents, stabilizers, coating additives, coupler dispersions, which are usually added to the melted emulsion before coating.
  • coating composition refers to the composition ready to be coated, containing the finishing addenda.
  • a conventional method for preparing a coating composition consists in melting in a kettle a silver halide emulsion which is prepared beforehand and cold-stored, adding therein the finishing addenda and feeding the liquid emulsion into the coating machine.
  • Another method of the prior art consists in continuously liquefying the emulsion.
  • French patent Agfa 2,111,176 describes a system for continuously melting the emulsion, which consists in crushing the gelled emulsion, under vacuum, then, in liquefying the resulting small granules, still under vacuum, by means of saturated steam at a temperature not exceeding by more than 10°C the final temperature desired for coating.
  • the liquid emulsion is then fed to a station where it is separated from steam, then it is discharged by a pump toward coating stations.
  • This system prevents overheating near the vessel walls and also provides the continuous production of emulsions with easily reproducible properties.
  • this method exhibits the following drawback : it is not possible to use, just as they are, standard emulsion formulations, since the formulations must be altered by means of water addition.
  • this patent mentions neither the finishing addenda nor the other steps for manufacturing the coating composition.
  • the patent implicitly refers to the known or conventional art, wherein the finishing addenda are added to the melting emulsion, which does not totally eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional method in kettle, and particularly, the necessity to check the liquid product just before feeding it to the coating machine.
  • French patent Agfa 2,277,360 and its English counterpart 1,501,515 describes a method for processing a gelled photographic emulsion, which consists in liquefying gelled emulsion chunks on a heating grid, and then to let the liquid emulsion flow in a mixing-machine comprising various metering pumps allowing to add the finishing addenda in given order and time, the liquid blend thus prepared being then fed into the coating station.
  • the flow of the mixing-machine is equal to the emulsion liquefaction rate.
  • finishing addenda are added in the static mixer, if desired, hence in the re elted emulsion.
  • the finishing addenda are added to the liquid blend at the melting step, which does not allow to use predetermined formulations, in spite of the improvements which might be otherwise brought, and it is necessary to carry out the checking operations of the liquid composition prior to coating, which may result in stopping the machine, if the checking results are not satisfying.
  • the coating composition must contain a complex blend formed of various emulsions, it is then necessary to use a complex system of several liquefactors, so as to feed the coating machine.
  • the present invention proposes a method for obtaining a photographic composition for a coating layer, said composition containing at least a silver halide emulsion, as well as the required chemical finishing addenda, the method consisting in :
  • the components individually prepared in step (1) can be individually cold-stored into chunks, either after step (1) or after step (2) .
  • the average volume of chunks does not exceed 2 cm , so as to insure the homogeneousness of the subsequent blend in the solid state, and preferably, is less than 0.5 cm .
  • the coating composition contains at least a silver halide emulsion, but if desired, can contain several of them if desired, for example, two or more emulsions with different sensitivities according to the final formulation of the emulsion layer.
  • the quality of this solid composition is checked and the amounts of the various components can be ajusted, if necessary.
  • the solid composition prepared in step (3) may be cold-stored prior to step (4).
  • the chilling chain is never broken between the time where the preparations of the silver halide emulsions and the other components are completed, and the step of liquefaction.
  • the liquefaction step is carried out in a liquefactor which can work by means of a kettle or in a continuous mode, according to the coating station flow.
  • the method of the invention allows to obtain a stable coating composition, as it is cold-stored at each step of its preparation, until the liquefaction prior to coating and in which sensitometric and physical characteristics have been previously checked.
  • the solid state mixer is a simple, reliable and cheap device. Further, it can be dimensioned so as to prepare significant quantities of composition ready for use, which permits to reduce the variability of a composition characteristics, according to various batches, as the chunks of the composition which are kept at low temperature have therefore a longer time-life, and can be use in larger amounts. Thus, more homogeneous results are obtained, particularly for the speed and the maximum and minimum density.
  • the examples show that the variability of these parameters expressed in standard deviation can be decreased.
  • the blend formed of various cold emulsions in the solid state mixer permits to locate only one liquefactor upstream of the coating device.
  • the various components of the desired layer, prepared in step (1) of the method according to the invention include silver halide emulsions, and pure gelatin solutions or gelatin solutions containing various addenda.
  • Silver halide emulsions are well-known, and they can include all the types known. They can be prepared as described in Research Disclosure of December 1978, Item 17643, paragraph I ; they can be washed as described in the paragraph II of the same item, or ultrafiltered as described in the same Research Disclosure of October 1972, item 10208 and March 1975, item 13122.
  • emulsions can be chemically sensitized, as described in paragraph III of the item 17643 of the above mentioned Research Disclosure of December 1978, and spectrally sensitized, as described paragraph IV, of the same item.
  • the various chemical finishing addenda can be optical brightening agents, described paragraph V of the same item, antifogging agents, and stabilizers, described paragraph VI, absorbing and scattering materials described paragraph VIII, coating aids described paragraph XI, plasticizers and lubricants described paragraph XII.
  • the dye-forming couplers as those described, for example, paragraph VII of the item of the above-mentioned Research Disclosure, can form one or more components prepared in step (1) of the method of the invention. They are fed into a gelatin solution, as described in paragraph XIV of the above-mentioned item.
  • the various components prepared in step (1) include at least a silver halide emulsion and at least a gelatin solution containing the chemical addenda.
  • the chemical addenda can all be fed into the same component, or to several of them, according to their nature, their compatibility and their mutual influence on their stability.
  • a component formed of a gelatin solution without addenda can also be provided for, so as to alter the gelatin content in the final composition, if desired.
  • the gelatin content of the components prepared in step (1) can be determined by the skilled man, according to the gelatin used and to the other compounds, so as to obtain non-tacky chunks after cutting. Generally, the gelatin content is in the range of 6 % to 20 %.
  • the components thus prepared are quickly chilled at a temperature in the range of 8° to 15°C, as it is known in the art, then they can be immediately cut into chunks and cold-stored, or first cold-stored and then cut into chunks, depending on the manufacturing conditions.
  • the gelled components are divided into chunks having a volume of less than 2 cm 3 , preferably of less than 0.5 cm , having a suitable form, for example, a cubic or cylindrical form such as noodles having a diameter in the range of 0.2 to 1 cm and from 0.2 to 2 cm long.
  • a suitable form for example, a cubic or cylindrical form such as noodles having a diameter in the range of 0.2 to 1 cm and from 0.2 to 2 cm long.
  • These chunks are obtained by means of conventional cutting devices such as those used for preparing the silver gelatino-halide emulsions, so as to obtain washing noodles, for example, a scraped surface grid, a device such as a mincer, etc...
  • the chunks are cold-stored, according to the types of the components. They can also be used immediately in the solid state mixer.
  • components formed into cold-stored "chunks” are selected according to the desired final formulation of the layer to be coated.
  • This formulation comprises at least one silver halide emulsion. It can comprise several emulsions with different speeds. It also comprises components formed of gelatin containing the finishing addenda required, and optionaly dye-forming couplers. The percentages of the various components are known in the art and the skilled man will be able to choose the desired components in the proper proportions.
  • the components into chunks thus selected are fed to a solid state blender, cold-held by means of any known system, possibly in a chilling room, at such a temperature that the gelled chunks of the various components cannot be liquefied.
  • solid state blenders such as rotating cylinders, "tumblers", blenders such as concrete mixer, conical blenders having an Archimedian screw, etc.
  • the volumes of these blenders can be selected depending on the amounts of the composition coating to be prepared. As an example, and without being limited by a precise range, the volume of commercial devices is in the range from 200 to 12000 liters or more.
  • the duration of the blending depends on the blender and of the total volume of the components to be blended, and can be determined by the skilled man, according to the desired homogeneousness level. Generally, blending times in the range of 2 ran to 60 mn allow to obtain satisfying photographic products.
  • a sampling can be taken from the resulting homogeneous coating composition, so as to check its photographic quality, and it is possible to adjust the composition, if required, without breaking the chilling chain.
  • the composition is liquefied to be fed into a coating station.
  • a continuous liquefaction system is used, which works according to the requirements of the coating station.
  • Such a system is known in the art. It can simply comprise an Archimedian screw and a pump feeding the solid composition into a heat exchanger.
  • Example 1 The use of such a solid composition allows to use only one liquefactor, even if the composition contains several components, e.g. emulsions of various speeds.
  • the use of only one liquefactor represents a significant economy in terms of equipment.
  • several liquefactors can be used when the solid composition represents only a portion of the desired layer.
  • the method according to the invention can be applied to all types of known silver halide photographic products, such as products for black and white or color photography, X-ray products, graphic arts products, etc... The examples further illustrate the invention : Example 1
  • Standard deviation 2 ⁇ Example 2 A color positive film was prepared from compositions of magenta, cyan, and yellow layers, all prepared according to the method of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Colloid Chemistry (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for obtaining a silver halide photographic composition for a coating layer. The method consists in individually preparing the various components of the desired layer, comprising at least one silver halide emulsion, and solutions or dispersions containing one or more finishing addenda and/or gelatin, chilling these components to solidify each of them, cutting them into chunks, cold-blending, in a solid state, the components selected according to the formulation of the desired layer, and liquefying the resulting solid composition just before its introduction into the coating station. The method can be applied to all types of silver halide photographic products, for black and white or color photography.

Description

METHOD FOR OBTAINING A PHOTOGRAPHIC COATING COMPOSITION
The present invention relates to a method for obtaining photographic compositions for a coating layer.
In the following description, the terms "silver halide photographic emulsion" or "emulsion" refer to an emulsion formed of gelatin, containing silver halides, prepared by precipitation, washing, and spectral and chemical sensitizations. Conventionally, at this step, the emulsion is cold-stored, before melting, finishing and coating. The term "finishing addenda" particularly refers, but is not limited to addenda such as anti-fogging agents, stabilizers, coating additives, coupler dispersions, which are usually added to the melted emulsion before coating. The term "coating composition" refers to the composition ready to be coated, containing the finishing addenda. A conventional method for preparing a coating composition consists in melting in a kettle a silver halide emulsion which is prepared beforehand and cold-stored, adding therein the finishing addenda and feeding the liquid emulsion into the coating machine.
However, it is difficult to obtain, according to this method, homogeneous and reproducible products, without important losses.
Another method of the prior art consists in continuously liquefying the emulsion.
Thus, French patent Agfa 2,111,176 describes a system for continuously melting the emulsion, which consists in crushing the gelled emulsion, under vacuum, then, in liquefying the resulting small granules, still under vacuum, by means of saturated steam at a temperature not exceeding by more than 10°C the final temperature desired for coating. The liquid emulsion is then fed to a station where it is separated from steam, then it is discharged by a pump toward coating stations. This system prevents overheating near the vessel walls and also provides the continuous production of emulsions with easily reproducible properties.
However, this method exhibits the following drawback : it is not possible to use, just as they are, standard emulsion formulations, since the formulations must be altered by means of water addition. On the other hand, this patent mentions neither the finishing addenda nor the other steps for manufacturing the coating composition. Regarding this point, it can be assumed that the patent implicitly refers to the known or conventional art, wherein the finishing addenda are added to the melting emulsion, which does not totally eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional method in kettle, and particularly, the necessity to check the liquid product just before feeding it to the coating machine.
French patent Agfa 2,277,360 and its English counterpart 1,501,515 describes a method for processing a gelled photographic emulsion, which consists in liquefying gelled emulsion chunks on a heating grid, and then to let the liquid emulsion flow in a mixing-machine comprising various metering pumps allowing to add the finishing addenda in given order and time, the liquid blend thus prepared being then fed into the coating station. The flow of the mixing-machine is equal to the emulsion liquefaction rate.
The waiting time of the melted emulsion with the addenda decreases, but this method exhibits the following drawback : it only allows low flows for the mixing-machine and the coating station, because the heat transfer from the heating grid is not very efficient. Further, such a metering pumps system for adding the addenda is complicated to carry out, and thereby, it is difficult to obtain a reliable system. The pumps must be very accurate, so as to obtain reproducible results, and the quality must be checked on line prior to coating. German patent Fuji 3,406,600 describes a method in which the gelled photographic emulsion is milled, the resulting chunks are then fed into a heat exchanger, then in a static mixer. The finishing addenda are added in the static mixer, if desired, hence in the re elted emulsion. In all these methods, the finishing addenda are added to the liquid blend at the melting step, which does not allow to use predetermined formulations, in spite of the improvements which might be otherwise brought, and it is necessary to carry out the checking operations of the liquid composition prior to coating, which may result in stopping the machine, if the checking results are not satisfying. One can never be sure to obtain a good reproducibility and homogeneousness of the sensitometric results on large support surfaces, because the resulting coating continually depends on the quality of the composition which is being prepared.
Further, if the coating composition must contain a complex blend formed of various emulsions, it is then necessary to use a complex system of several liquefactors, so as to feed the coating machine.
Therefore, it was desirable to provide a method for preparing a coating composition that would be simpler, less expensive, and give reliable and reproducible results, on large support surfaces, without inducing interactions with the requirements of the usual formulation required for emulsions and coating compositions.
The present invention proposes a method for obtaining a photographic composition for a coating layer, said composition containing at least a silver halide emulsion, as well as the required chemical finishing addenda, the method consisting in :
1) preparing individually, or by group of compatible compounds, various components of the desired layer, comprising at least one silver halide emulsion and solutions or dispersions containing one or more finishing addenda and/or gelatin, and chilling these components, to solidify each of them, 2) cutting said components into chunks,
3) cold-blending, in a solid state, the components selected according to the formulation of the desired layer, or of a portion of said layer
4) liquefying the resulting solid composition, to feed it into the coating station.
The components individually prepared in step (1) can be individually cold-stored into chunks, either after step (1) or after step (2) .
The average volume of chunks does not exceed 2 cm , so as to insure the homogeneousness of the subsequent blend in the solid state, and preferably, is less than 0.5 cm .
The coating composition contains at least a silver halide emulsion, but if desired, can contain several of them if desired, for example, two or more emulsions with different sensitivities according to the final formulation of the emulsion layer.
The quality of this solid composition is checked and the amounts of the various components can be ajusted, if necessary. Optionally, the solid composition prepared in step (3) may be cold-stored prior to step (4). Thus, the chilling chain is never broken between the time where the preparations of the silver halide emulsions and the other components are completed, and the step of liquefaction. The liquefaction step is carried out in a liquefactor which can work by means of a kettle or in a continuous mode, according to the coating station flow.
Thus, the method of the invention allows to obtain a stable coating composition, as it is cold-stored at each step of its preparation, until the liquefaction prior to coating and in which sensitometric and physical characteristics have been previously checked.
Product losses are reduced, as only small quantities are fed at once to the liquefactor. Any composition which has not yet been remelted can be cold-stored again and reused afterwards.
The solid state mixer is a simple, reliable and cheap device. Further, it can be dimensioned so as to prepare significant quantities of composition ready for use, which permits to reduce the variability of a composition characteristics, according to various batches, as the chunks of the composition which are kept at low temperature have therefore a longer time-life, and can be use in larger amounts. Thus, more homogeneous results are obtained, particularly for the speed and the maximum and minimum density. The examples show that the variability of these parameters expressed in standard deviation can be decreased.
Furthermore, the blend formed of various cold emulsions in the solid state mixer, when the formulation requires it, permits to locate only one liquefactor upstream of the coating device.
Thus, a method is provided allowing to obtain, for a lesser cost, absolutely homogeneous large photographic products surfaces, having a controlled quality.
The various components of the desired layer, prepared in step (1) of the method according to the invention, include silver halide emulsions, and pure gelatin solutions or gelatin solutions containing various addenda. Silver halide emulsions are well-known, and they can include all the types known. They can be prepared as described in Research Disclosure of December 1978, Item 17643, paragraph I ; they can be washed as described in the paragraph II of the same item, or ultrafiltered as described in the same Research Disclosure of October 1972, item 10208 and March 1975, item 13122.
These emulsions can be chemically sensitized, as described in paragraph III of the item 17643 of the above mentioned Research Disclosure of December 1978, and spectrally sensitized, as described paragraph IV, of the same item.
Figure imgf000008_0001
The various chemical finishing addenda can be optical brightening agents, described paragraph V of the same item, antifogging agents, and stabilizers, described paragraph VI, absorbing and scattering materials described paragraph VIII, coating aids described paragraph XI, plasticizers and lubricants described paragraph XII.
The dye-forming couplers as those described, for example, paragraph VII of the item of the above-mentioned Research Disclosure, can form one or more components prepared in step (1) of the method of the invention. They are fed into a gelatin solution, as described in paragraph XIV of the above-mentioned item.
The various components prepared in step (1) include at least a silver halide emulsion and at least a gelatin solution containing the chemical addenda. The chemical addenda can all be fed into the same component, or to several of them, according to their nature, their
Figure imgf000008_0002
compatibility and their mutual influence on their stability. A component formed of a gelatin solution without addenda can also be provided for, so as to alter the gelatin content in the final composition, if desired.
The gelatin content of the components prepared in step (1) can be determined by the skilled man, according to the gelatin used and to the other compounds, so as to obtain non-tacky chunks after cutting. Generally, the gelatin content is in the range of 6 % to 20 %.
The components thus prepared are quickly chilled at a temperature in the range of 8° to 15°C, as it is known in the art, then they can be immediately cut into chunks and cold-stored, or first cold-stored and then cut into chunks, depending on the manufacturing conditions.
The gelled components are divided into chunks having a volume of less than 2 cm3, preferably of less than 0.5 cm , having a suitable form, for example, a cubic or cylindrical form such as noodles having a diameter in the range of 0.2 to 1 cm and from 0.2 to 2 cm long. These chunks are obtained by means of conventional cutting devices such as those used for preparing the silver gelatino-halide emulsions, so as to obtain washing noodles, for example, a scraped surface grid, a device such as a mincer, etc...
The chunks are cold-stored, according to the types of the components. They can also be used immediately in the solid state mixer.
To carry out step (3) of the method according to the invention, components formed into cold-stored "chunks" are selected according to the desired final formulation of the layer to be coated. This formulation comprises at least one silver halide emulsion. It can comprise several emulsions with different speeds. It also comprises components formed of gelatin containing the finishing addenda required, and optionaly dye-forming couplers. The percentages of the various components are known in the art and the skilled man will be able to choose the desired components in the proper proportions.
The components into chunks thus selected are fed to a solid state blender, cold-held by means of any known system, possibly in a chilling room, at such a temperature that the gelled chunks of the various components cannot be liquefied.
Various types of solid state blenders are known such as rotating cylinders, "tumblers", blenders such as concrete mixer, conical blenders having an Archimedian screw, etc.. The volumes of these blenders can be selected depending on the amounts of the composition coating to be prepared. As an example, and without being limited by a precise range, the volume of commercial devices is in the range from 200 to 12000 liters or more. The duration of the blending depends on the blender and of the total volume of the components to be blended, and can be determined by the skilled man, according to the desired homogeneousness level. Generally, blending times in the range of 2 ran to 60 mn allow to obtain satisfying photographic products.
Thus, a sampling can be taken from the resulting homogeneous coating composition, so as to check its photographic quality, and it is possible to adjust the composition, if required, without breaking the chilling chain.
Finally, the composition is liquefied to be fed into a coating station. In a preferred embodiment, a continuous liquefaction system is used, which works according to the requirements of the coating station. Such a system is known in the art. It can simply comprise an Archimedian screw and a pump feeding the solid composition into a heat exchanger.
The use of such a solid composition allows to use only one liquefactor, even if the composition contains several components, e.g. emulsions of various speeds. The use of only one liquefactor represents a significant economy in terms of equipment. However, several liquefactors can be used when the solid composition represents only a portion of the desired layer. The method according to the invention can be applied to all types of known silver halide photographic products, such as products for black and white or color photography, X-ray products, graphic arts products, etc... The examples further illustrate the invention : Example 1
The following mixtures were prepared :
- a slow-speed bromoiodide emulsion,
- a medium-speed bromoiodide emulsion, - a fast-speed bromoiodide emulsion,
- a dispersion of a magenta coupler solubilized in the appropriate solvent in gelatin,
- an aqueous solution comprising gelatin, an antifoggant, and coating aids. These mixtures with a gelatin basis were chilled and cut into chunks at 12°C, then cold-stored at 7°C.
To prepare the coating composition, chunks of each mixture were taken in the ratios desired for the final composition. All the selected chunks were introduced in the solid state mixer and homogeneized for 30 mn. The resulting composition was fed to the liquefaction device and the coating station according to the invention.
Variabilities of D max, D min, and the relative speed were measured.
The results are the following :
TABLE I Variability Average Mini Maxi
Standard
Figure imgf000011_0001
deviation 2σ Example 2 A color positive film was prepared from compositions of magenta, cyan, and yellow layers, all prepared according to the method of the invention.
In table II the speeds obtained with products prepared according to the invention are compared to the speeds obtained with standard emulsions, i.e., obtained by melting in a kettle a silver halide emulsion which is prepared beforehand and cold-stored, adding therein the finishing addenda and feeding the liquid emulsion into the coating machine. TABLE II
Blue Green Red
Variability Inv. St. Inv. St. Inv. St. Average 255.3 253.6 235.1 234.5 226.8 231.3 Range 1.0 2.3 1.4 2.3 1.1 2.3 Standard 0.612 1.114 0.876 1.039 0.482 1.114 deviation 2σ
Inv = Invention St = Standard These results show to which extent the invention permits to achieve an improved speed uniformity in any of the blue, green or red units. In the blue and red units the standard deviation of the speed is practically divided by 2.

Claims

1 - A method for obtaining a photographic composition for a coating layer, said composition containing at least a silver halide emulsion, as well as the finishing chemical addenda required, the method consisting in :
1) individually preparing, or by group of compatible compounds, various components of the desired layer, comprising at least one silver halide emulsion and solutions or dispersions containing one or more finishing addenda and/or gelatin, and chilling these components to solidify each of them,
2) cutting said components into chunks,
3) cold-blending, in a solid state, the selected components according to the formulation of the desired layer,
4) liquefying the resulting solid composition so as to feed it into the coating station.
2 - A method according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the resulting chunks in step (2) is less than 2 cm3. 3 - A method according to claim 2, wherein the volume of the resulting chunks in step (2) is less than 0.5 cm3.
4 - A method according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the various components prepared in step (1) are individually cold-stored between step (1) and step (2).
5 - A method according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the various components prepared in step (1) are individually cold-stored into chunks between step
(2) and step (3) . 6 - A method according to any of claims 1 to 5 wherein the solid composition prepared in step (3) is cold stored prior to step (4). 7 - A method according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the coating composition comprises more than one silver halide emulsion. - A method according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the solid composition prepared in step 3 represents a portion of the desired layer. - A method according to claim 1, wherein the finishing addenda are dye-forming couplers, stabilizers, antifogging agents, plasticizers, lubricants, absorbing and scattering materials, coating aids and optical brightening agents. - A method according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein step (4) is continuously carried out in a liquefactor working according to the coating station flow.
PCT/EP1989/000016 1988-01-18 1989-01-06 Method for obtaining a photographic coating composition WO1989006829A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8989901278T DE68901090D1 (en) 1988-01-18 1989-01-06 METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PHOTOGRAPHIC COATING COMPOSITION.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR88/00750 1988-01-18
FR8800750A FR2626088B1 (en) 1988-01-18 1988-01-18 PROCESS FOR OBTAINING A PHOTOGRAPHIC COATING COMPOSITION

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989006829A1 true WO1989006829A1 (en) 1989-07-27

Family

ID=9362560

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1989/000016 WO1989006829A1 (en) 1988-01-18 1989-01-06 Method for obtaining a photographic coating composition

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5182190A (en)
EP (1) EP0401229B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2869122B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1334136C (en)
DE (1) DE68901090D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2626088B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1989006829A1 (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0432716A2 (en) * 1989-12-14 1991-06-19 Konica Corporation Method of preserving composition for silver halide photographic light-sensitive material
EP0468389A1 (en) * 1990-07-23 1992-01-29 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company A novel method for the addition of powders to photographic systems
US5176990A (en) * 1990-12-21 1993-01-05 Eastman Kodak Company Method of forming a silver haloiodide photographic element
US5374120A (en) * 1993-12-06 1994-12-20 Eastman Kodak Company Modified passive liquid in-line segmented blender
US5404866A (en) * 1993-10-13 1995-04-11 Eastman Kodak Company Kettle insert passive liquefaction
US5445913A (en) * 1994-02-25 1995-08-29 Eastman Kodak Company Process for the formation of heat image separation elements of improved sensitometry

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5298389A (en) * 1992-09-29 1994-03-29 Eastman Kodak Company Dry gelatin addition to an emulsion/dispersion mixture
US6056431A (en) * 1997-09-05 2000-05-02 Eastman Kodak Company Modified passive liquefier batch transition process

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3406600A1 (en) * 1983-02-24 1984-08-30 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., Minami Ashigara, Kanagawa Process for melting photographic materials

Family Cites Families (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE278881C (en) *
DE158342C (en) *
US2413207A (en) * 1942-06-10 1946-12-24 Dacrematt Ltd Preparing photographic emulsion for transport
US2316845A (en) * 1942-07-15 1943-04-20 Defender Photo Supply Co Inc Method of chilling photographic emulsions
DE1000686B (en) * 1954-10-22 1957-01-10 Ladislav Krivanek Process and apparatus for the continuous production of photographic emulsions
US2851364A (en) * 1956-06-21 1958-09-09 Foremost Dairies Inc Gelatin product and process of manufacture
US2949360A (en) * 1956-08-31 1960-08-16 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic color former dispersions
US3164560A (en) * 1960-12-02 1965-01-05 Union Carbide Corp Gelatin-polyether compositions
US3163543A (en) * 1962-06-19 1964-12-29 J O Whitten Company Inc Process of producing gelatin products
US3396027A (en) * 1964-05-13 1968-08-06 Eastman Kodak Co Method of noodling gelatin dispersions
US3619236A (en) * 1968-11-25 1971-11-09 Eastman Kodak Co Method for coating layers of gelatin and a carboxyl-containing polymer on a support
US3900326A (en) * 1969-09-22 1975-08-19 Agfa Gevaert Ag Process and apparatus for heating up and thermostating solutions of high solids content for coating of web materials at a given temperature and for lowering the viscosity of such solutions which have a structural viscosity
DE1964923C2 (en) * 1969-12-24 1982-08-26 Agfa-Gevaert Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Mixing nozzle valve for a device for the continuous production of a mixture
DE2011667A1 (en) * 1970-03-12 1971-10-07 Agfa Gevaert Ag Method and device for the continuous production of emulsions or the like, in particular suspensions containing halogensilber
CH564793A5 (en) * 1970-10-10 1975-07-31 Agfa Gevaert Ag
JPS5031447B1 (en) * 1971-02-08 1975-10-11
DE2106526C3 (en) * 1971-02-11 1979-03-15 Agfa-Gevaert Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Process and apparatus for the continuous preparation of photographic emulsions
US3810778A (en) * 1971-05-03 1974-05-14 Polaroid Corp Method for production of a photographic film
JPS5031447A (en) * 1973-07-20 1975-03-27
DE2432556C2 (en) * 1974-07-06 1982-09-02 Agfa-Gevaert Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Process for making photographic materials
JPS6053864B2 (en) * 1978-12-06 1985-11-27 富士写真フイルム株式会社 Noodling device for gelatin dispersion solution
JPH0711566B2 (en) * 1983-09-02 1995-02-08 日産自動車株式会社 Loran receiver
DE3433580A1 (en) * 1984-09-13 1986-03-20 Agfa-Gevaert Ag, 5090 Leverkusen METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MELTING PRE-GEL MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR PHOTOGRAPHIC EMULSIONS
JPH02193134A (en) * 1989-01-23 1990-07-30 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Method for storing photographic emulsion

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3406600A1 (en) * 1983-02-24 1984-08-30 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., Minami Ashigara, Kanagawa Process for melting photographic materials

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0432716A2 (en) * 1989-12-14 1991-06-19 Konica Corporation Method of preserving composition for silver halide photographic light-sensitive material
EP0432716A3 (en) * 1989-12-14 1992-02-05 Konica Corporation Method of preserving composition for silver halide photographic light-sensitive material
EP0468389A1 (en) * 1990-07-23 1992-01-29 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company A novel method for the addition of powders to photographic systems
US5176990A (en) * 1990-12-21 1993-01-05 Eastman Kodak Company Method of forming a silver haloiodide photographic element
US5404866A (en) * 1993-10-13 1995-04-11 Eastman Kodak Company Kettle insert passive liquefaction
US5374120A (en) * 1993-12-06 1994-12-20 Eastman Kodak Company Modified passive liquid in-line segmented blender
US5445913A (en) * 1994-02-25 1995-08-29 Eastman Kodak Company Process for the formation of heat image separation elements of improved sensitometry

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5182190A (en) 1993-01-26
CA1334136C (en) 1995-01-31
EP0401229A1 (en) 1990-12-12
FR2626088A1 (en) 1989-07-21
JPH04500865A (en) 1992-02-13
EP0401229B1 (en) 1992-03-25
FR2626088B1 (en) 1990-06-01
JP2869122B2 (en) 1999-03-10
DE68901090D1 (en) 1992-04-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2322027A (en) Color photography
EP0326852B1 (en) Process for preparing silver halide grains
EP0401229B1 (en) Method for obtaining a photographic coating composition
JPH04506121A (en) Preparation of low viscosity small particle photographic dispersions in gelatin
US5091296A (en) Polymer co-precipitated coupler dispersion
JPH04234029A (en) Continuous in-line preparation method of gelatin solution for photograph
US3396027A (en) Method of noodling gelatin dispersions
EP0515674B1 (en) Stability improvement of amorphous particle dispersions
US3658546A (en) Method of incorporating photographic ingredients into photographic colloid compositions
US5213772A (en) Apparatus for forming silver halide grains
US5591568A (en) High dye stability, high activity, low stain and low viscosity small particle yellow dispersion melt for color paper and other photographic systems
US3723127A (en) Multilayered color photographic material
EP0102320B1 (en) Process for the preparation of a silver halide emulsion
US5176990A (en) Method of forming a silver haloiodide photographic element
EP0604934B1 (en) Continuous manufacture of gelled microprecipitated dispersion melts
JPS5945437A (en) Silver halide emulsion and its manufacture
EP0555458B1 (en) Oxygen barrier coated photographic coupler dispersion particles for enhanced dye-stability
EP0374853A1 (en) Process of producing silver halide grains
US3850643A (en) Process for making coupler dispersions
US3000740A (en) Photographic material
US5264317A (en) Oxygen barrier coated photographic coupler dispersion particles for enhanced dye-stability
DE69419629T2 (en) Photographic agent coated with an oxygen barrier, particle dispersion obtained by grinding for increased dye stability
RU2052843C1 (en) Method of preparation of color halogen-silver photographic emulsion to pouring
US5627018A (en) Silver halide photographic emulsion
JPS61293537A (en) Production of emulsified material

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR GB NL

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1989901278

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1989901278

Country of ref document: EP

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 1989901278

Country of ref document: EP