WO1988000995A1

WO1988000995A1 - Supporting arrangement

Info

Publication number: WO1988000995A1
Application number: PCT/SE1987/000345
Authority: WO
Inventors: Göran STRÖMBERG
Original assignee: Stroemberg Goeran
Priority date: 1986-07-31
Filing date: 1987-07-29
Publication date: 1988-02-11
Also published as: SE8603267D0; SE453929B

Abstract

An arrangement for supporting wall or roof coverings (2) of a building comprises at least two frame works (3) each having at least two pillars (4) and at least one roof covering supporting beam (5) arranged thereon. The arrangement has a bearing member (6), said member being suspended on and between said beams by means of traction members (11). The beams (5) and the auxiliary bearing member (6) support the roof covering. The traction members (11) are attached to the beams and the auxiliary bearing member so as to transmit forces, so that loads on the roof covering (2) in the region of the auxiliary bearing member (6) are transmitted through the traction members (11) to the beams (5). At least one wall covering supporting auxiliary support member (7) is arranged between two pillars (4) belonging to different frame works (3) so as to transmit substantially horizontal loads on a wall covering (1) connected to the pillars (4) and the auxiliary support member (7) to the auxiliary bearing member and therefrom to the roof covering.

Description

Supporting arrangement

The invention relates to an arrangement for supporting wall or roof coverings of a building, such as an indus¬ trial building, comprising at least two frame works each having at least two pillars and at least one roof covering supporting beam arranged thereon.

Such arrangements have been used for some time in order to bear and support buildings, especially industrial buil¬ dings and buildings of a simple structure or the like. The walls and the roofs supported by the frame works are usually constituted by two layers of corrugated plate with an insulating layer therebetween.

The frames must be made strong and stable and therefore they are comparatively expensive to manufacture as well as to mount. It is the carrying capacity of the covering member used for walls and roofs which is the determinant factor for how great the interval between two adjacent frame works can be. It is of course possible to increase the carrying capacity of the covering member by increasing the material thickness, but at a certain consumption it will not be economical any longer. When trapezoid profiled plates are used this thickness results in a carrying ca¬ pacity corresponding to not more than 5 to 6 meters bet¬ ween two adjacent frame works. It is primarily snow loads which determine the dimensions of the coverings arranged on the roof frames, while especially wind loads determine the dimensions of the wall coverings.

Accordingly, as a consequence of the great costs of the frame works it is.desirable to use a minimal number of such members, without reducing the resistance of the walls and the roof of the building against external loads.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to provide an ar¬ rangement described above which is considerably cheaper than the ones already known, by making a substantially increased distance between two adjacent frames possible.

This object is obtained by the fact that an arrangement according to the first paragraph has an elongated auxiliary bearing member extending substantially in parallel with the beams, which is suspended on and between said beams by means of traction members, that the beams and the axui- liary bearing member form a plane for supporting the roof covering or possibly secondary bearing means for the roof_ covering, that the traction members are attached to the beams and the auxiliary bearing member so as to transmit forces while generating points of force action on the beams being located closer to said plane than points of force action generated on the auxiliary bearing member, so that loads on the roof covering in the region of the auxiliarybearing member are transmitted through the traction members to the beams, that at least one elongated wall covering supporting auxiliary member is arranged between two pillars belonging to different frame works and ex¬ tends substantially in parallel with the plane of the pillars, that the lower extremity of the latter support member is fixed in a base and its upper extremity is con¬ nected to an auxiliary bearing member so that substantially horizontal loads,- especially emanating from wind, on a wall covering connected to the pillars and the auxiliary support member are transmitted through the auxiliary sup¬ port member to the auxiliary bearing member and therefrom to the roof covering. Through the provision of the auxiliary bearing member and the auxiliary support member betv/een adjacent frame works it is possible to substantially increase the distanc between two adjacent frame works. The distance can now without any- problems amount to 10 to 15 meters, without any changes of the roof or wall covering layers.

Through the provision of the auxiliary bearing members and the auxiliary support members loads on the roof and wall portions are transmitted between frame work to frame work, which are dimensioned so as to be able to support every load adapted thereto.

Another advantage of a small number of frame works consist in the fact that they very easily, can be brought into mu¬ tual alignment and after that a very simple adjustment and orientation of the auxiliary bearing member and the auxiliary support member can take place. However, if the auxiliary bearing members and the auxiliary support member would be exchanged for strong frame works such an easy adjustment would not be possible, but considerably more time would be consumed in the mounting and it would also give rise to greater crane costs.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

With reference to the appended drawings, below follows a specific description of a preferred embodiment of the present invention described as an example.

In the drawings:

fig 1 is a schematic and partially sectioned perspective view of an industrial building, the walls and the roof of which are supported by the arrangement according to the invention, fig 2 is a section along the line II-II in fig 1 and illustrates a part of the roof covering of the industrial building and the arrangement according to the invention supporting this roof covering,

fig 3 is a fragmentary perspective view of wall and roof supporting members of the arrangement according to the invention in the mounted state,

fig 4 is a simplified side elevation illustrating a first variant of the connection between auxiliary bearing members and auxiliary support members of the arrangement according to the invention,

fig 5 is a simplified side elevation illustrating a se¬ cond variant of the connection betveen auxiliary bearing members and auxiliary support members according to the present invention,

fig 6 is a section according to VI-VI in fig 5 and showing a second variant of the connection betv/een auxiliary bea¬ ring members and auxiliary support members, and

fig 7 is a side elevation illustrating the arrangement of the traction members in the arrangement according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

Fig 1 illustrates in a simplified manner how an industrial building with wall covering 1 and roof covering 2 is sup¬ ported by the arrangement according to the invention, which has frame works 3 with pillars 4 and roof covering supporting beams 5 as well as auxiliary bearing members 6 and auxiliary support members 7. The frame works is constituted by comparatively thick beams, in this case in the form of I-beams, while the auxiliary bearing mem¬ bers and the auxiliary support members is constituted by considerably thinner beams, which here are shown as Z-beams.

Reference is now made to fig 2, in which it is illustrate how the auxiliary bearing members 6 and the beams 5 of the frame works are co-ordinated for making the roof covering supporting function according to the invention possible. The roof covering 2 consists of an outer layer 8 of trapezoid profiled plate, an insulating layer 9 located therebelow and a lowermost layer 10 of trapezoid profiled plate, the profiles of which extends in parallel with the ridge, i.e. substantially perpendicularly to the auxiliary bearing members 6. The different layers of the roof covering are hold together in a suitable manner.

The roof covering supporting beams 5 are here consti¬ tuted by I-beams, the upper rib of which is secured, preferably by screwing, riveting or the like, to the lowermost layer of the roof covering and thus as a result thereof support the same. Auxiliary bearing members 6 are through traction members 11 suspended between two adjacent beams 5. In this case there are two auxiliary bearing members which extend substantially in parallel with the beams. The traction members may be constituted by wires, rods or other suitable means transmitting trac¬ tion forces. The auxiliary bearing members are consti¬ tuted by Z-beams, the upper rib of which bears against the inner layer 10 and is secured thereto, preferably by screwing och riveting. The traction members 11 are anchored in clutches 12 on the beams 5 and the auxiliary bearing member 6, which will be described more in detail later on while referring to fig 7. The suspension of the auxiliary bearing members 6 on the beams 5 through the traction members 11 is carried out at a plurality of suspension points distributed with suitable intervals along the beams. The traction elements connected to one and the same beam 5 at different sus¬ pension points extend in planes being substantially pa¬ rallel to each other, the normal of said planes being substantially parallell to the longitudinal direction of the beams 5.

Between a beam 5 and an auxiliary bearing member 6 or two auxiliary bearing members a means 13 may be arran¬ ged for stretching the traction member in question. The stretching means are here of the screw type and con¬ sists of conventional stretching screws, but they may have any arbitrary configuration.

»

For the function of the arrangement according to the invention it is of importance that the traction members 11 are connected to the beams 5 and the auxiliary bearing members 6 in a force transmitting manner while generating points of force action on the beams being located closer to the inner layer 10 of the roof covering than the point of force action generated on the auxiliary bearing member 6. This being the case appears clearly in fig 2 from the angle that the traction members 11 make with the extension of the inner roof covering layer while extendin from a beam 5 to an auxiliar 'bearing member 6. The points force action on the auxiliary bearing member 6 of a trac¬ tion member 11 extending between two auxiliary bearing members are of course located at a distance from the roof covering supporting plane.

By the relative position of said points of action the loads on the roof coverings 2 in the region of the auxi¬ liary bearing members 6 will through the traction members 11 be transmitted to the beams 5 of the frame works, and through this the roof covering is supported also by the auxiliary bearing members, and the length of roof covering between two support points is divided by three. Thus, the distance between two adjacent frame works can be considerably increased .

In fig 3 it is illustrated how the pillars 4 of the frame works are fixed in a base 14, such as a cemented floor. Auxiliary support members 7 extending substantially in parallel with the pillars are between the pillars 4 of the frame works also fixed to the base. The auxiliary support members 7 are here two in number. A wall coverin

1 with a constitution corresponding to the roof covering

2 is intended to bear against and be secured to the outer side of the pillars by its outer layer and its inner layer againts the- inner side. The inner layer is also intended to be secured to the auxiliary support members 7, which similar to the auxiliary bearing members may • be constituted by Z-beams. The wall covering 1 could of course also be arranged completely outside or inside the pillars 4 and the auxiliary support member. Each of the auxiliary support members 7 is at its top connecte to an auxiliary bearing member 6 belonging thereto. How this connection may be realized is shown more in detail in figs 4 to 6. The connection between auxiliary bearing member and auxiliary support member may preferably per¬ mit a certain freedom of movement in the vertical directio of the auxiliary bearing member with respect to the auxi¬ liary support member. This freedom of movement ensures that the auxiliary bearing members do not transmit any loads from the roof covering to the auxiliary support members. These loads may then be completely absorbed by the frame works .

It may be suitable that the connection permits a movement in a direction w^"hich is substantially perpendicular to the roof covering plane. The connection is constituted by a guiding arrangement, which according to a first variant is designed with a projection 15 attached to the upper extremety of each auxiliary support member, said protection projects into and is guided desplacable in a slot 16 in the associated auxiliary bearing member 6. A second variant (see fig 5) consists of arranging the projection 15 on the auxiliary bearing member 6. In this variant the auxiliary support member has a slot in its upper extremety for guided displacement of the projection 15. It appears from fig 6 that the projection in this variant is constituted by a T-beam, which is displaced in the slot 16 formed by the beam 17. In this variant the projection and the slot also extend substan¬ tially perpendicularly to the roof covering plane. Accor¬ ding to a third variant, not shown in the drawings, the bearing^' members 6 and the auxiliary support members 7 could be connected by a bolt extending- substantially horizon¬ tally and perpendicularly to the longitudinal directions of both of the members 6 and 7, said bolt projecting through bores in the members 6 and 7. The bore in at least one of the members 6 and 7 is longish in the verti¬ cal direction, for example in a direction perpendicular to the roof plane, for which the member 6 serves as car¬ rier, so as to ensure a certain mutual freedom of movemen in the vertical direction of the members 6 and 7 with respect to each other. However, the connection be means of the bolt is so adapted that horizontal wind loads are sufficiently transmitted from the member 7 to the member 6.

On external loads on the wall covering of the industrial building, especially emanating from wind, such loads are transmitted in the region of the auxiliary support member 7 through the auxiliary support member to the associated auxiliary bearing members and therefrom throu the roof covering to the roof covering supporting beams 5 and the frame work 3 and then possibly by means of

- the disc action of the roof plate to wind horces or othe means catching wind forces disposed at suitable center distances. The loads are transmitted to an auxiliary support member through the projection 15 and the slot 16 (the first and second variant) or through the bolt (the third variant) to the auxiliary bearing member 6, while no loads on the roof covering can be transmitted to the auxiliary support members due to said freedom of relative movement in the vertical direction. As a result of this the auxiliary support members may also be provided with comparatively small dimensions. Thus the auxiliary support members 7 do also allow a location of the frame works 3 at a considerably greater mutual distance than in industrial buildings previously known.

In fig 7 it is illustrated how the traction members 11. are applied to the roof covering supporting beams 5 and the auxiliary bearing members 6. The traction member consists here of a rod which at its extremeties has heads 18 being arranged in clutches 12 attached to the beams and the auxiliary bearing members respectively without any possiblility to slip out thereof, by the fact that the heads have a greater transversal dimension than the openings of the clutches. A stretching means 13, for example a stretching screw or the like, is arranged bet¬ ween a beam and the adjacent auxiliary bearing member 6 in order to stretch the traction member 11. By tighte¬ ning or loosening the traction member the vertical _ posi¬ tion of the auxiliary bearing member 6 may be adjusted and it will also be very easy to bring this member in alignment with the beams 5 and the mounting of the ar¬ rangement. Furthermore, the traction members may have a second func¬ tion by serving as bearing members for laying of elec¬ trical cables and suspension of light fittings and other possible auxiliary equipment for the activities in the interior of the industrial building.

The invention is not in any way delimited to the example of embodiment described above, but plenty of possibi¬ lities to modify it should be apparent for a man skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, without di¬ verting from the idea of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

The roof frames may for example have more beams which support the beams 5, and in a frame work more than two beams 5 can be arranged side by side. The beams 5 may of course also have the character of bay-work beams. It is not either required that the beams and the auxi¬ liary bearing members bear directly against the inner layer of the roof covering, but they can bear against secondary bearing means of the roof covering, such as other beams. The roof covering and the wall covering must not either be designed in the way described but may have an arbitrary form.

The auxiliary bearing members, the auxiliary support members, the pillars and the beams may just as well be constituted by hollow or solid beams or have any suitable form.

It would also be possible to leave a stretching means 13 out and in applying the auxiliary bearing members for example weld the traction members to the roof co¬ vering supporting beams and the auxiliary bearing mem¬ bers. One single traction member, especially if it is a flexib one, for example a wire, may extend continuosly beyond several auxiliary bearing members 6 and beams 5. In that case one single stretching means would be enough for an initial stretching of the traction member, which at its both ends was secured to two beams 5, e_.g_.. the ones located at the gables of the building.,, and during the stretching said traction member would run free with res¬ pect to auxiliary bearing members•-6^'" and possibly, further beams 5 located between these two ^'beams'5^'., Not uHtil- the stretching is completed the traction member would be fixed to the intermediate auxiliary bearing- members 6 and the beams 5 by means of locking means, for example a wire lock. This would simplify the mounting and make it possible to utilize cheap materials in the form of wire and wire lock.

In some cases it may be suitable to arrange further trac tion members, such as the ones 20 indicated by dashed " lines in fig 2, between the auxiliary bearing members 6 and the beams 5 in order to counteract lifting forces on the roof covering generated by wind. These traction members should have their points of connection to the beams 5 located at a greater distance from the roof co¬ vering supporting plane than the points of connection to the auxiliary bearing members.

Claims

Claims "

1. An arrangement for supporting wall (1) or roof (2) coverings of a building, such as an industrial building, comprising at least two frame works (3) each having at least two pillars (4) and at least one roof covering supporting beam (5) arranged thereon, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that at least one elongated auxiliary hearing member (6) extending substantially in parallel with the beams (5) is suspended on and between said beams C5) by means of traction members (11), that the beams (5) and the auxiliary bearing member (6) form a plane for supporting the roof covering (2) or possibly secondar bearing means for the roof covering, that the traction members (11) are attached to the beams (5) and the auxi¬ liary bearing member (6) so as to transmit forces while generating points of force action on the beams being located closer to said plane than points o-f force action generated on the auxiliary bearing member, so that loads on the roof covering (2) in the region of the auxiliary bearing member (6) are transmitted through the traction members (11) to the beams (5), that at least one elon¬ gated wall covering supporting auxiliary support member (7) is arranged between two pillars (4) belonging to different frame works (3) and extends substantially in parallel with the plane of the pillars, that the lower extremity of the latter support member is fixed in a base (14) and its upper extremity is connected to an auxiliary bearing member (6), so that substantially hori¬ zontal loads, especially emanating from wind, on a wall covering (1) connected to the pillars (4) and the auxi¬ liary support member (7) are transmitted through the auxiliary support member (7) to the auxiliary bearing member (6) and therefrom to the roof covering (2).

2. An arrangement according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the suspension throug the traction members (11) of the auxiliary bearing membe on the beams (5) is carried out at a pluarlity of sus¬ pension points distributed with suitable invervals along the beams, and that traction elements (11) connected to one and the same beam (5) at different suspension points extend in planes being substantially parallel to each other, the normal of said planes being substan¬ tially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the beams.

3. An arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the connection betwee the auxiliary bearing member (6) and the auxiliary suppo member (7) permits a certain freedom of movement in the vertical direction of the auxiliary bearing member with respect to the auxiliary support member, so that the auxiliary bearing member (6) does not transmit any loads applied to the roof covering (2) to the auxiliary suppor member (7) .

4. An arrangement according to any of the claims 1 to

3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that it comprises mean (13) for controlling the tension in the traction member (11) in order to adjust the vertical position of the auxiliary bearing member (6).

5. An arrangement according to claim 4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that said stretching means (13) is of the screw type.

6. An arrangement according to claim 5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that said stretching means is constituted by one or more stretching screws (13).

7. An arrangement according to any of the preceding claims c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the traction members (11) at their ends have heads (18) being arranged in clutches (12) attached to the beams (5) and the auxiliary bearing member (6) respectively,without any possibility to slip out thereof, by the fact that the heads (18) have a greater transversal dimension than the opening of the clutches.

8. An arrangement according to claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that said connection com¬ prises a guiding arrangement (15-17) arranged in the region of the upper extremity of each auxiliary support member and the auxiliary bearing member (6) associated therewith for guided displacement of the auxiliary bea¬ ring member (6) relative to the auxiliary support member (7) in a direction substantially perpendicular to the roof covering plane at external loads on the roof co¬ vering region (2) close to the auxiliary bearing member (6), and that the guiding arrangement is arranged to act as a transmission so as to transmit loads applied to the auxiliary support member (7) through the wall covering to the auxiliary bearing member (6).

9. An arrangement according to claim 8, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the guiding arrange¬ ment comprises at least one projection (15) with a slot (16) belonging thereto for guided displacement of the projection, that the projection and the slot extend sub¬ stantially perpendicularly to the roof covering plane, and that the projection (15) is arranged at the upper extremity of the auxiliary support member (7) and the slot (16) in the auxiliary bearing member (6) or con¬ versely.

10. An arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that more than one auxiliary bearing member (6) is arranged between two roof covering supporting beams (5) belonging to ad¬ jacent frame works (3), that the traction members (11) suspending the auxiliary bearing members (6) on the beams (5) comprise traction members extending between one beam (5) and ^"the auxiliary bearing member (6) clo¬ sest thereto and traction members extending between the auxiliary bearing members.