WO1985003840A1

WO1985003840A1 - Soil cultivating device

Info

Publication number: WO1985003840A1
Application number: PCT/SE1984/000072
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stig Pettersson
Original assignee: Stig Pettersson
Priority date: 1982-08-30
Filing date: 1984-02-29
Publication date: 1985-09-12
Also published as: SE8204952D0; SE8204952L; EP0174303A1; SE445005B

Abstract

Soil cultivating device such as a harrow or corresponding tool including a frame (1) or similar, whereto soil cultivating means (2, 3) are attached and during advancement of the tool are intended to penetrate the soil (5) in a loosening and distributing way. Th device is especially characterized by means (2, 3) including at least one mainly transversally to the transfer direction of the tool orientated, rotatable shaft (2) or similar, devices (3) for soil cultivation protruding therefrom and by preferably each of said devices (3) for soil cultivation including a first part (6) pivotably arranged at and mainly radially protruding from the shaft (2) or similar and a second part (7) in connection with said first part (6) and running mainly perpendicularly to said first part and in this way mainly parallel to the shaft (2) or similar, a generally L-shaped device (3) being formed, the pivot (8) allowing rotation of said device in a plane related to the shaft (2) mainly radially and longitudinally, said second part (7) being movable against and from said shaft (2), whereby during advancement of the tool and during rotation of the shaft (2) or similar in a direction corresponding to a rolling against the soil (5) a soil cultivation is effected in the first place by said second part (7) being inserted and led through the soil (5), the device (3) during rotation being rotatable and thereby bendable against the shaft (2) in said plane.

Description

SOIL CULTIVATING DEVICE

The present invention relates to a soil cultivating device such as a harrow or corresponding tool, including a frame or similar device, whereto soil cultivating means are atta¬ ched.

A multiplicity of harrow designs are well known such as pin harrows and disc harrows of different kind. However, the designs known in the art have the disadvantages of conside¬ rable resistance when being advanced as well as of a less effective soil cultivating.

The present invention relates to a device whereby a particu¬ larly effective soil cultivating is achieved. The device also offers low resistance during advancement.

The present invention relates therefore to a device for soil cultivating such as a harrow or corresponding tool, inclu¬ ding a frame or similar device whereto at least one means for soil cultivating is attached and adapted to penetrate the soil during advancement of the device to loosen and di¬ stribute the soil in the first place.

The device according to the present invention is especially characterized by means including at least one mainly trans- versally to the transfer direction of the device orientated, rotatable shaft or similar, devices for soil cultivating protruding therefrom and by preferably each of said devices for soil cultivating including a first part pivotably atta¬ ched and mainly radially protruding from said shaft or simi- lar, a second part being connected to said first part and running mainly perpendicularly to said first part .and there- by mainly parallel to said shaf or similar, a mainly L-shaped de- vice thus being formed, said pivot permitting a rotation of said device in a plane being related to said shaft mainly radially and longitudinally, said second part being movable against and from said shaft, whereby during the advancement of the tool during rotation of the shaft or similar in a direction corresponding to a rolling against said soil, a soil cultivation being effected by first of all entering said second part into the soil and leading it through the soil, the device being pivoted during rotation and thereby being bent against said shaft in said plane.

The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a tool including one embodiment of a device in accordance with the present invention, the tool being shown in a cross-section side view along the lines A-A of figure 2;

Figure 2 is a part top elevational view of the tool of figure 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic view of the first embodiment of a device in accordance with the present invention similar to figure 1 and in cross-section along the lines B-B of figure 4;

Figure 4 is a part view of the device of figure 3 seen from the right in figure 3;

Figure 5 shows an embodiment of a disc for soil cultiva¬ ting in a perpendicular direction to the disc plane; and

Figure 6 is a side view of the disc of figure 5 seen from the right, the aft half of the disc being shown with dotted lines for the sake of clearness.

In figure 1 a frame or similar is indicated with 1 included in a device for soil cultivation such as a harrow or similar tool. The device includes at least one means 2,3 for soil cultivation attached to said frame1 , being adapted to pene¬ trate said soil 5 for primarily loosening and distributing said soil during advancement of said tool, as indicated by the arrow 4 in figure 1.

According to the present invention each means 2,3 includes at least one mainly transversally to the transfer direction of the tool orientated, rotatable shaft 2. with devices 3 for soil cultivating protruding therefrom.

Further in accordance with the present invention preferably each of said devices 3 is including a first part 6 pivotably attached to and mainly radially protruding from said shaft 2, and a second part 7 in connection with said first part 6 running mainly perpendicularly to said first part and there¬ by mainly parallel to said shaft 2, a generally L-shaped device 3 thus being formed, said pivot 8 permitting the de- vice being pivoted in a longitudinal plane mainly radially to said shaft, said second part 7 being movable in a di¬ rection against and from said shaft 2 as indicated by the dotted line of figure 4.

According to a preferred embodiment at least said second part 7 consists of two generally parallel to each other run¬ ning, plateshaped parts 9, between which a mainly in said direction of rotation orientated cavity 10 is shaped.

According to one embodiment the parts 9 are at least at said second part 7 creating an angle with each other as shown in figure 3 at the lower device, whereby the cavity 10 • is sha¬ ped with a certain clearance.

The embodiment shown in figures 1 to 4 has groups of three devices 3 for soil cultivating, the devices 3 in each group being arranged in a plane mainly perpendicular to the shaft 2 and equally distributed around the circumference, prefe- rably several groups being arranged side by side in the transverse direction of the tool and devices 3 of nearby groups being displaced around the circumference with an angle corresponding to half the pitch of the device 3 in each group. The figures are showing a displacement of 60 degrees. The groups can of course have another number of devices 3 than three, e.g. four.

In the figures 1 and 2 the device according to the present invention is shown in a tool including plates 11, discs 11 according to SE- (patent application 8204951-1) being arranged in the transverse direction of the tool, thediscs11 being adapted during advancement to roll against and pene¬ trate the soil 5 for cultivation. Each disc 11 has sides 12,13 in accordance with figures 1, 2, 4 and 5, including mainly wedgetype and mainly radially orientated means 14 in form of protruding parts 14, the wedge being shaped as to taper the means 14 at least in the direction of rotation of said disc and the pointed part 15 of the wedge mainly con- nected to the plane of said disc 11. Indicated by 16 mainly rodshaped means are mainly placed behind each disc, with a free end 17 protruding past the discs, with said means 16 a cultivation is achievable in a depth somewhat larger than the insertion of the discs mainly for draining purposes. In figure 2 only one means 16 has been shown.

The function of the device according to the present inven¬ tion is partly evident from the description above. A mainly loosening and distributing cultivation of the soil 5 is achieved by the means 2,3. During advancement of the tool during rotation of the shaft 2 or similar in a direction corresponding to a rolling against the soil 5 the cultiva¬ tion is obtained by inserting mainly said second part 7 into the soil and during rotation and rolling under certain cir- cumstances being bent against the shaft and finally being lifted from the soil 5. The soil cultivating devices 3 shall in this way retract when hit-ting larger stones or similar. Due to the cavities 10 a better insertion is obtained compa- red with a device without cavitites.

With the discs 11 a soil cultivation is obtained which cor¬ responds to ploughing when the means 14 are inserted, bent and finally lifted from the soil.

A very good soil cultivation is obtained with the tool ac¬ cording to figures 1 and 2, means 2,3 being placed behind each row of discs, a tilting and a deep cultivation being obtained with the discs and a more superficial loosening and distribution with the meaπ.s 2,3 according to the present invention. As indicated in figure 1 the aft means 2,3 can be arranged for a cultivation with a somewhat lesser depth than with the front means, whereby a final fine flattening of the soil is achieved with the aft one.

It should be evident from above that the device according to the present invention is an especially effective tool for soil cultivation. The device also causes a low resistance. during advancement by use of the rolling effect.

The present invention has been described above in connection with generally one embodiment.Further embodiments or minor changes can be endeavoured without departing, from the scope of the invention. Thus, in the previous description refe¬ rence has been made to the shaft 2. However one can envisage an arrangement with a rotating boss on an axle, from which the devices 3 are protruding. Furthermore, a separate boss or a separate shaft can be envisaged for each group of devi- ces 3. The L-shape of the soil cultivating devices does not need to be sharp cornered, but the transition from said first 6 and said second 7 part can be effected along a much larger radius than shown in the embodiment according to the figures. Moreover one or each of the parts 6,7 can be bent to a more C-shape or in form of a boomerang. The length of the parts 6,7 does not to have .the proportion between these different parts as shown in the embodiment. This proportion can be varied within broad limits. For the frame 1 and attachments etc. for the discs 11 and the means 2,3 devices and arrangements have been shown . schematically in the drawings. The frame 1 can of course be made more complicated and be tailored to suit special needs. The frame 1 can be provided with coupling means 18 as per figure 1 for a coupling to a tractor or similar and with wheels, here not shown, to obtain a convenient distance to the soil surface. The frame 1 can also be provided protru¬ ding from e.g. a tractor and be operated, i.e. lifted or lowered, by e.g. hydraulic cylinders. For the attachment of the discs 11 and the means 2,3 simple mountings 1* have been shown and each row of discs 2 is arranged on one common and at the mountings 1 placed shaft 11' .

Embodiments can also be envisaged with each means 2,3 and each row of discs being individually liftable and lowerable related to e.g. said frame with e.g. hydraulic devices.

Conveniently stops or similar are arranged-.e.g. inconnection with the pivot 8 so that the part 7 is rotated in the direc¬ tion against the shaft 2 in the intended way and cannot be moved closer to the shaft 2 than e.g. about what is shown in figure 4. Each means 3 can e.g. be provided with a stop with a certain initial inclination in that direction. Said stop can consist of an end 19 of the device 3 at the pivot 8, being for this purpose being inclined, as indicated with dotted lines up to the right in figure 4.

Furthermore, embodiments can be envisaged with said means 2,3 and/or discs or similar being driven in a convenient known manner by e.g. hydraulic motors, here not shown.

The means -2,3 do not necessarily need to be combined with discs 11, but can also be combined with other suitable devi- ces or be placed on a separate tool.

According to another embodiment the shaft 2 or similar can be tilted in the transverse direction, a- soil displacement thereby being obtainable, which is essential- P e.g, declining fields, where a backward transport in the direction upwards the hill is desirable.

The present invention is thus not limited to the embodiments described above, but can be varied within the limits set by the claims.

Claims

1. Soil cultivating device such as a harrow or corresponding tool including a frame or similar device, with at least one soil cultivating means being attached thereto and being adapted to penetrate the soil during advancement of the de- vice to loosen and distribute the soil, wherein means (2,3) including at least one mainly transversally to the transfer direction of the device orientated, rotatable shaft (2) or similar, devices (3) for soil cultivating protruding there¬ from and wherein preferably each of said soil cultivating devices (3) including a first part (6) pivotably attached and mainly radially protruding from said shaft (2) or simi¬ lar and a second part (7) in connection with said first part

(6) running mainly perpendicularly to said first part and thereby mainly paralell to said shaft (2) or similar, a generally L-shaped device (3) thus being formed, said pivot (8) permitting the device being pivoted in a longitudinal plane mainly- radially to said shaft (2), said second part

(7) being movable in a direction against and from said shaft (2), a soil cultivating being in this way effected during advancement of said tool during rotation of said shaft (2) or corresponding in a direction corresponding to a rolling motion against the soil (5) by entering said second part (7) into the soil and leading it through said soil (5), the de¬ vice (3) being pivoted during rotation and thereby being bent against said shaft (2) in said plane.

2. Device as in claim 1, wherein at least said second part (7) consists of two generally paralell to each other running platelike parts (9), a mainly in said pivoting direction running cavity (10) being formed there between.

3. Device as in claim 2, wherein said parts (9) at least in said second part (7) are arranged with a certain angle there between, the cavity (10) thereby being formed with some de¬ gree of clearance in the direction of rotation.

4. Device as in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein groups of for in¬ stance three or four soil cultivating devices (3) being orientated in a plane mainly perpendicular to said shaft (2) and equally spaced around the circumference and where prefe¬ rably several groups are placed side by side transversely to the tool and the devices of nearby groups being angularly displaced around the circumference corresponding to half the pitch between said devices (3) in each group.

5. Device as in any of the preceding claims, wherein said shaft (2) or similar can be inclined being related to the transverse direction of the tool, a certain soil displace¬ ment thereby being achievable.

6. Device as in "any of the preceding claims, wherein said means (2,3) are being driven.

7. Device as in any of the preceding claims, wherein prefe¬ rably each means (2,3) can be individually elevated and lowered being related to e.g. said frame (1) or similar by hydraulic means.