WO1984003900A1 - Appareil pour la production de gaz combustible - Google Patents

Appareil pour la production de gaz combustible Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1984003900A1
WO1984003900A1 PCT/SE1984/000111 SE8400111W WO8403900A1 WO 1984003900 A1 WO1984003900 A1 WO 1984003900A1 SE 8400111 W SE8400111 W SE 8400111W WO 8403900 A1 WO8403900 A1 WO 8403900A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cyclone
fuel
air
inlet
chamber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1984/000111
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Arne Bothvidson
Original Assignee
K Konsult
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by K Konsult filed Critical K Konsult
Publication of WO1984003900A1 publication Critical patent/WO1984003900A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
    • C10J3/487—Swirling or cyclonic gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1253—Heating the gasifier by injecting hot gas

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus for ' converting solid pulverous fuel to combustible gaseous state, comprising a cyclone and a gasification device conn ⁇ ected thereto with a tangentially directed inlet.
  • an apparatus of the aforesaid kind which, thus, comprises a gasification device and a cyclone.
  • the gasification device easily combustible particles are gasified, and in the cyclone the renaini g gasification is carried out and solid incombustible particles are separated.
  • the combustible gas is discharged upwardly from the cyclone.
  • the gasification device operates with high speeds by means of a venturi tube.
  • the gasification device also comprises a catalyst, which decomposes hydroperoxide to oxygen gas and water vapour.
  • the oxygen gas is used as oxidizing agent.
  • heated air can be supplied.
  • the present invention eliminates the requirement of a special catalyst and utilizes the moisture cont ⁇ ent, which normally is found in the fuels and/or is supplied in pulverized coal, whereby the invention in general presupposes an increase in the moisture content of the fuel.
  • the moisture amount is to be controlled and adjusted so as to obtain optimum combustion prerequisites.
  • the gasific ⁇ ation device comprises a cylindric chamber with small diameter relative to the diameter of the cyclone, to which at one end an inlet member with tangential inflow direction is attached which is in common for fuel and primary air of a certain drive pressure, that means are provided for adding moisture to the fuel at least prior to its feed into the chamber, through which fuel and air flow helically into the cyclone with flame formation, that a suppply member for secondary air to the cyclone is located at the inlet, and the supply of the primary air and second ⁇ ary air is controlled so that the total amount of primary air and secondary air is smaller than the stoichiometrically corresponding one for a complete combustion of the respective supplied fuel amount.
  • the invention is based on the prerequisite known per se, that water vapour is required for the water gas reaction.
  • the water vapour is formed by a relatively high water content in the fuel or is added as steam with supply of hot air.
  • the water vapour increases the reaction speeds so that the apparatus proper is a compact one.
  • the water vapour besides, increases the capacity of controlling the process.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic lateral view * of an apparatus according to the invention idea
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-section along the line II-II in Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view on an enlarged scale of the gasification device connected to the cyclone.
  • the apparatus which is shown from the side, comprises a cyclone 1 with an upwardly located outlet 2, from which the gas in ready state is discharged.
  • the cyclone gasification devices 3 are located which at the embodiment shown are four in number and connected by tangential inlets to the cyclone (see Fig. 2).
  • a powder- moisture mixture and preferably heated primary air are supplied through a conduit 4.
  • the fuel is stored in a magazine 5 above the cyclone.
  • the primary air is pre- -heated and has a pressure of 500-900 Pa, and the powder-moisture mixture is caused to flow with the prim ⁇ ary air through the conduit 4 to the gasification dev ⁇ ice 3.
  • the storage and feed of the fuel in the form of, for example, coal particles thus, are effected in a manner known per se, in that the coal is fluidized in the primary air.
  • four gasification devices 3 are arranged by a tangential inlet to be connected to the cyclone 1. All four gasification devices are supplied with fuel and air from the m-gazine 5 common to all of them.
  • Fig. 3 shows by way of a perspective view and on an enlarged scale the gasification device 3. It comprises a cylindric chamber 3, the end of which in tangential direction is connected to the cyclone 1, and at the other end of which the duct 4 is connected tangentially to the cylindric chamber 3.
  • the mixt ⁇ ure of primary air and coal powder flowing through the duct 4 into the chamber is passed in a helical path through the chamber 3 where it is ignited and forms flames. It is the more volatile parts of the fuel, which hereby are ignited and burn.
  • the flames and the remaind ⁇ er of the fuel pass out through the opening 6 and into the cyclone 1.
  • a conduit 7 extends centrally through the
  • conduit secondary air is supplied, which is fed into the cyclone 1 at the open ⁇ ing 6 of the chamber.
  • the primary and secondary air have a pressure, which overcomes the total pressure drop in the entire gasification arrangement and at the inlet to the subsequent combustion chamber or collect ⁇ ing supply. A sufficient pressure also can be ensured by a booster device for the gas after the cyclone.
  • a pipe 8 joining the duct 4 prior to its opening into the chamber 3 is mounted for adjusting the moisture content. Through said pipe 8 water or water vapour can be supplied in a controlled manner.
  • the gas bulk from the gasification device 3 flows into the cyclone 1 and describes a downward helical movement along the shell surface of the cyclone downward to the cone-shaped portion 9.Here the gas turns and flows cent ⁇ rally upward where is flows out through the conduit 2, which leads to a burner (not shown) located in a boiler. Combustion air is supplied to the burner, here ⁇ by the gas bulk combusts with white flame in the fire place of the boiler, where the heat content at the combustion of the gas is recovered.
  • Solid incombustible particles are collected downwardly at the bottom of the cone 9 3 and a bottom valve 11 acting as a sluice and known per se is provided for removing the solid particles.
  • the temperature in the cyclone is not so high as to reach the fusion temperature for the ash therein.
  • the temperature is controlled and adjusted by a temperature scanner 12, which emits a signal before the fusion temperature is obtained.
  • the signal is sent to an adjusting device 13,14, which decreases the amount of supplied primary and/or secondary air and fuel so that the effect from the combustion process, and thereby
  • the temperature scanner 12 also sends a signal at a lower temperature limit, so that the temperature in the cyclone is maintained within a lower and a higher value. There is alternat ⁇ ively, or in addition, the possibility of affecting the temperature by supplying a greater or smaller amount of inert gas (waste gases from the combustion space) .
  • the primary air is pre-heated to about 700°C.
  • the heating must be effected by some external heating process, but in operation the air-can be heated by passing about the cyclone 1 prior to the feed of the air into the chamber 3. This can, for example, proceed in such a manner that the cyclone has a jacket about the cyclone shell proper, so that an annular passageway is formed about the cyclone.
  • the entire apparatus is heated in that the air addition is adjusted so that the gases substantially entirely are combusted, i.e. carbon dioxide leaves the cyclone.
  • the production of combust ⁇ ible gas (CO) can commence.
  • the amount of liquid through the conduit 8 is increased or decreas ⁇ ed.
  • the control can be carried out by observing manu ⁇ ally or through instrument lines arising in one area of the spectre and to compare them to a spectral patt ⁇ ern 16 during the adjustment of the air amount supplied- When there is agreement with the pattern, the fuel has correct moisture content at the combustion.
  • the spectrom ⁇ eter can be placed in a position other than the one shown and may, for example, be directed to the flame out of the gasification device.
  • the diameter of the gasificat ⁇ ion device i.e. the diameter of the chamber 3 3 is small compared to the cyclone diameter.
  • four gasif ⁇ ication devices 4 are provided, as shown at the ill ⁇ ustrated embodiment, four gas paths are formed which sweep downward in a helical flow through the cyclone. It is to be observed that the air and the gas flows are helical both in the gasification device 3 and in the cyclone 1. This yields time and contact situation required for the chemical reactions to be complete and for ash formed to be separated out of the gas flow. Furthermore, the gasification in the gasification device 3 and in the cyclone 1 must take place at air deficit.
  • the supply of primary air and secondary air is to be adjusted so that substantially combustible gas in the form of carbon monoxide is discharged from the cyclone.
  • the total amount of primary air and second ⁇ ary air thus, is smaller than the one corresponding to the stoiciometric amount for complete combustion and is preferably 25-50?..
  • the gas produced is discharged from the upper portion of the cyclone through the outlet. 2.
  • the gas is combusted with a white flame in that tertiary air is supplied in the burner (not shown) .
  • the apparatus utilizes the heat content of the fuel substantially completely, in that heat loss ⁇ es from the apparatus are maintained at a minimum, and the heat losses also are recovered by heating the primary air, as mentioned, by causing it to flow about the cyclone before the primary air is supplied to the gasification device.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)

Abstract

Des appareils pour convertir un combustible pulvérulent solide en gaz combustible sont connus et comportent un séparateur cyclonique et un dispositif de gazéification relié à ce dernier par un orifice d'admission dirigé tangentiellement. Le but est d'éviter de recourir à un catalyseur spécial et d'utiliser la teneur en humidité, qui peut être normalement trouvée dans les combustibles et/ou introduite dans du charbon pulvérisé, ce qui présuppose généralement que la teneur en humidité du combustible est accrue. A cet effet, le dispositif de gazéification comporte une chambre cylindrique (3) d'un diamètre réduit par rapport au diamètre du séparateur cyclonique (1), à une extrémité de laquelle est fixé un orifice d'admission (4) avec direction d'admission tangentielle qui sert à la fois pour le combustible et l'air primaire d'une certaine pression d'entraînement. Des mécanismes (5, 8) sont prévus pour ajouter de l'humidité au combustible au moins avant son introduction dans la chambre (3), grâce auquel le mélange de combustible et d'air s'écoule hélicoïdalement dans le séparateur cyclonique (1) avec formation de flamme. Un élément d'alimentation (7) pour de l'air secondaire au séparateur cyclonique (1) est situé à l'orifice d'admission (6); l'alimentation en air primaire et en air secondaire est régulée de telle manière que la quantité totale d'air primaire et d'air secondaire est inférieure à la quantité stoechiométrique correspondante pour la combustion complète de la quantité de combustible respective fournie.
PCT/SE1984/000111 1983-03-28 1984-03-28 Appareil pour la production de gaz combustible WO1984003900A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8301723A SE8301723L (sv) 1983-03-28 1983-03-28 Anordning for framstellning av brennbar gas

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1984003900A1 true WO1984003900A1 (fr) 1984-10-11

Family

ID=20350573

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1984/000111 WO1984003900A1 (fr) 1983-03-28 1984-03-28 Appareil pour la production de gaz combustible

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0138944A1 (fr)
SE (1) SE8301723L (fr)
WO (1) WO1984003900A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0436056A1 (fr) * 1990-01-04 1991-07-10 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé et appareil de combustion partielle du charbon
EP0523447A1 (fr) * 1991-07-17 1993-01-20 Oschatz Gmbh Procédé et utilisation d'un réacteur pour gazéifier des déchets
WO2010149173A3 (fr) * 2009-06-26 2011-02-17 Dall Energy Holding Aps Procede et systeme pour le nettoyage et la recuperation de chaleur a partir de gaz chauds

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1109306B (de) * 1956-11-19 1961-06-22 Prvni Brnenska Strojirna Zd Y Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Schmelz- oder Granulierkammerfeuerung
DE2309248A1 (de) * 1973-02-24 1974-08-29 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Verfahren zur erzeugung von brenngas
DE2623770A1 (de) * 1975-05-28 1976-12-09 Nissan Motor Vorrichtung zur spaltung von brennstoffen zu gasfoermigen brennstoffen durch reaktion mit einem zerfallsprodukt von wasserstoffperoxyd
DE2654980A1 (de) * 1975-12-04 1977-07-07 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zur waermebehandlung eines materialbetts
GB1585489A (en) * 1976-06-25 1981-03-04 Occidental Petroleum Corp Process for reacting nongaseous material with a gaseous reactant
DE2950749A1 (de) * 1979-12-17 1981-06-25 Janich, geb.Fischer, Elsbeth, 4720 Beckum Vorrichtung zur vergasung feinkoerniger oder fluessiger brennstoffe
DE3025207A1 (de) * 1980-07-03 1982-01-28 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung eines wasserstoff- und kohlenmonoxidhaltigen gasgemisches

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1109306B (de) * 1956-11-19 1961-06-22 Prvni Brnenska Strojirna Zd Y Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Schmelz- oder Granulierkammerfeuerung
DE2309248A1 (de) * 1973-02-24 1974-08-29 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Verfahren zur erzeugung von brenngas
DE2623770A1 (de) * 1975-05-28 1976-12-09 Nissan Motor Vorrichtung zur spaltung von brennstoffen zu gasfoermigen brennstoffen durch reaktion mit einem zerfallsprodukt von wasserstoffperoxyd
DE2654980A1 (de) * 1975-12-04 1977-07-07 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zur waermebehandlung eines materialbetts
GB1585489A (en) * 1976-06-25 1981-03-04 Occidental Petroleum Corp Process for reacting nongaseous material with a gaseous reactant
DE2950749A1 (de) * 1979-12-17 1981-06-25 Janich, geb.Fischer, Elsbeth, 4720 Beckum Vorrichtung zur vergasung feinkoerniger oder fluessiger brennstoffe
DE3025207A1 (de) * 1980-07-03 1982-01-28 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung eines wasserstoff- und kohlenmonoxidhaltigen gasgemisches

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0436056A1 (fr) * 1990-01-04 1991-07-10 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé et appareil de combustion partielle du charbon
EP0523447A1 (fr) * 1991-07-17 1993-01-20 Oschatz Gmbh Procédé et utilisation d'un réacteur pour gazéifier des déchets
WO2010149173A3 (fr) * 2009-06-26 2011-02-17 Dall Energy Holding Aps Procede et systeme pour le nettoyage et la recuperation de chaleur a partir de gaz chauds

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8301723D0 (sv) 1983-03-28
EP0138944A1 (fr) 1985-05-02
SE8301723L (sv) 1984-09-29

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