WO1981001162A1 - Beams and frames comprised of thin iron sheet plates associated to a castable and hardenable veil - Google Patents

Beams and frames comprised of thin iron sheet plates associated to a castable and hardenable veil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1981001162A1
WO1981001162A1 PCT/FR1980/000150 FR8000150W WO8101162A1 WO 1981001162 A1 WO1981001162 A1 WO 1981001162A1 FR 8000150 W FR8000150 W FR 8000150W WO 8101162 A1 WO8101162 A1 WO 8101162A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
beams
structures
connectors
sheets
metal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1980/000150
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
M Fromont
Original Assignee
M Fromont
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR7925928A external-priority patent/FR2467932A1/en
Priority claimed from FR8017193A external-priority patent/FR2487883A1/en
Application filed by M Fromont filed Critical M Fromont
Priority to AU63903/80A priority Critical patent/AU6390380A/en
Publication of WO1981001162A1 publication Critical patent/WO1981001162A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • E04C3/293—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures the materials being steel and concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2415—Brackets, gussets, joining plates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2466—Details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2478—Profile filled with concrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new device for beams and structures, used in longitudinal bending in all types of construction as well as the means of joining them together.
  • the cores of these structures consist of a metal sheet of which at least one face is associated, by an adequate network of metallic connectors, with a veil of a flowable and hardenable product, such as concrete for example: the said veil being able to include as reinforcement, longitudinal metal reinforcements.
  • the said core being therefore, mainly responsible for maintaining the cutting forces and longitudinal shear stresses.
  • the traditional structures most often used consist of metallic elements directly obtained from rolling, or assembled by welding, and mainly comprising a core, bordered laterally by two wings.
  • the wings are determined for the maintenance of the bending moments, the core must mainly retain the shearing forces and the longitudinal shear stresses.
  • the core must also be thick enough not to be subject to local buckling or buckling and to allow it to be laminated or assembled to the wings by welding. It turns out that more generally, it is the buckling conditions, the possibilities of rolling and welding which are predominant and which determine the thickness of the core, this thickness then becoming very superabundant for maintaining the shear forces and shear stresses. This results in a significant loss of material.
  • the core flexively connecting the compressed area to the tensed area of these said beams and structures is constituted by a thin metal sheet, associated on at least one face with a web of a flowable and hardenable product, by a network. of metal connectors fixed to said sheet at one of their ends, the body of said connectors and their free ends are embedded in the flowable product.
  • the connectors of said network arranged in a compressed area, prevent local buckling of the core sheet.
  • Said beams and structures can be reinforced, both in the compressed area and in the tensed area, by longitudinal reinforcing reinforcements preferably constituted by concrete rods generally arranged at the longitudinal edges of said structures.
  • longitudinal reinforcing reinforcements preferably constituted by concrete rods generally arranged at the longitudinal edges of said structures.
  • all or part of the connectors of the said network are arranged aligned substantially parallel to the said reinforcing reinforcements in order to collect the forces during the bending of the said beams and structures. longitudinal shear generated by said reinforcements.
  • the distribution of all of the connectors can be finally defined to satisfy at the same time the conditions for maintaining the local buckling of the sheet metal constituting the core and for maintaining the longitudinal sliding of the reinforcement reinforcements.
  • Figure 1 shows, in partially exploded perspective view, a structure whose core is formed by a sheet associated on one side with a web of a flowable product comprising reinforcements; the connection between sheet and veil is ensured by metallic connecting devices referred to as connectors.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show, in partially exploded perspective views, a structure similar to that shown in Figure 1, but having the particularity that the lateral edges of the core are extended by folded elements constituting with the core, a metal container used in formwork for pouring the flowable veil associated with the metallic core.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show, in perspective views, different types of connectors and their mode of connection to the core.
  • Figure 6 shows, in exploded perspective view, a beam in which the core consists of 2 sheets each arranged on either side of a flowable veil.
  • Figure 7 shows a type of connector suitable for the beams shown in Figure 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view, with exploded cross section, of a beam whose lateral edges of the sheets, constituting the core, are extended by folded elements matching the outer shape of the wings. Such beams can be used for building bridges.
  • FIG. 9 shows, in an exploded perspective view, a beam of constitution similar to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, having the particularity of comprising a welded mesh included in the flowable veil.
  • FIG. 10 shows, in plan view, the metal parts of two mixed structures mounted by intermediate tanks, laid flat horizontally, flowable product removed.
  • Figure 11 is a partial cross section AA of Figure 10.
  • the soul of the beam consists of a sheet 1, associated on one of its faces with a web of a flowable and hardenable product 2, concrete for example, by a network of metal connectors 3.
  • the flowable veil coats metal reinforcement reinforcements 4.
  • the network comprises alignments 21 of connectors arranged parallel to the reinforcements 4. It is established in tensioned zone and in compressed zone of said structures, between the connectors of lines 21 and the reinforcements 4, of the columns compressed of the flowable product which bear at one of their ends on the connectors of the lines 21, and which are bonded by adhesion to the frame 4 to transmit to the sheet 1, the longitudinal shear forces existing due to bending, in the reinforcements 4.
  • the sheet 1 balances these shear forces between the tensioned zone and the compressed zone of said structures.
  • the thickness of the sheet 1 is mainly a function of the shear forces applied to the structure and of the longitudinal shear forces which result therefrom.
  • the distances a1, a2, b1, b2 between various connectors are sufficiently reduced to avoid any local buckling of the sheet 1.
  • the lateral edges of the sheet 1, constituting the core of said beams and structures, are extended by folded elements 5, making it possible to obtain a container having, in cross section, the general shape a U or a C; said tank can be used as a formwork element for the pourable product.
  • the connectors can be welded rounds, screws or bolts, but also flat folded in waves, each wave includes an attachment point fixed to the core sheet 1 (fig.4), or nails with a flat or countersunk head, generally welded to the core or force-fitted through the core sheet 1, ( Figure 5).
  • This sheet 1 is previously drilled and punched in cups 22, capable of receiving the heads of the nails, this to improve the connections between the sheet 1 and the flowable web 2.
  • the core of said beams and structures consists of two sheets 1a and 1b, arranged on either side of a web of a flowable and hardenable product 2, to which they are associated by a double network of connectors, which can merge into a single network; the spacing in this case, of the sheets 1a and 1b, is maintained by common connectors 11, which are, for example, welded, bolted, riveted or keyed to each of the sheets 1a and 1b.
  • the connectors are arranged to ensure the resumption of longitu shear forces dinaux generated by the reinforcements and to avoid local buckling of the sheets 1a and 1b whose generally equal thicknesses are a function of the shear forces and the longitudinal shear forces which result therefrom.
  • connectors in the form of keys, rep 11 (FIG. 7), with double snouts 12a and 12b, with locking by rotation, can be used for the connection of the sheets 1a and 1b, while maintaining their spacing (Figure 8).
  • the sheets 1a and 1b are at the attachment points of the key connectors 11, punched with holes matching the shape of the cross section of the keys 11 (FIG. 8).
  • the keys 11 include beveled grooves 13a and 13b (fig. 7) whose width at the bottom of the grooves is slightly less than the thickness of the sheets 1a and 1b, so that after rotation of the key 11, a tightening is obtained snouts 12a and 12b on sheets 1a and lb. The locking of the key connectors 11 becomes immutable after casting and taking of the web 2.
  • the sheet 1, the two sheets 1a and 1b or only one of the two sheets, constitutive parts of the core of said beams and structures, are extended on their lateral edges by folded elements 14, bypassing, at least partially, the shape of the wings 15.
  • the wings 15 are treated as webs, and also filled with a flowable product 2a, which may be identical to that used for the veil of souls and in this case, the filling of souls and wings is carried out simultaneously.
  • the folded elements 14, bypassing the wings 15 of said beams and structures can, like the sheets 1 constituting the core, be furnished with a network of connectors 3e, satisfying the same conditions, as those previously provided for the network of connectors arranged at the level of the sheets 1.
  • the spacings between the attachment pins of neighboring connectors 3e, must be sufficiently reduced, so as not to cause deformation or buckling in the sheets 14 notable, which could jeopardize the said beams and struc tures, under the action of the loads and constraints which are applied to them.
  • Reinforcement plates 4a are optionally embedded in the flowable product 2a filling the wings, in this case, the network of connectors 3e, lining the sheets 14 comprises at least one alignment 21a of connectors, arranged substantially parallel to the reinforcement plates 4a, connectors of these alignments 21 being more particularly intended for the recovery of longitudinal shearing forces which in bending are generated by the reinforcements 4a.
  • the cast parts 2 and 2a of said beams and structures are lined with at least one welded mesh 16 and / or 16a.
  • This welded mesh 16 and / or 16a is disposed between the reinforcing reinforcements 4 and / or 4a and the free ends of the connectors 3 and / or 3e, substantially parallel to the sheet 1 constituting the core and / or to the sheet 14 bypassing the wings 15.
  • This said welded mesh has the separate or simultaneous functions of: - preventing the overturning of the connectors 3 and / or 3a, in association with the sails 2 and / or 2a.
  • the extensions 14 of the core sheets 1a and 1b can be connected to each other by spacers 18, participating in the retention of the longitudinal shearing forces generated by the reinforcing reinforcements 4a.
  • the support sections of the beams, the webs can be reinforced by hollow metal boxes 19, fixed to the edges 20 wings 15, the so-called boxes 19, which can also be filled with a flowable product to avoid internal corrosion of the metal parts of the structures.
  • a metal core 21 of mixed structure and its possible lateral extensions 30 obtained by folding the core sheet 21, are fitted at at least one of their ends, before the pourable product is put in place, by a metal box 22, conforming internally or externally, at least partially to the external or internal shape of said cores 21 and their possible lateral extensions 30, this to allow the assembly between them of said cores 21 and their possible lateral extensions 30 with said boxes 22 and jointly constitute a formwork element, capable of receiving the flowable product, component of the mixed structure.
  • the box 22 is provided with assembly means similar to those used in metal frame, for example, welds 27 or bolts 28 with plywood 29, making it suitable for its assembly with another box 22a, comprising the same elements of assembly and equipping a mixed structure similar to the previous one, so as to achieve the connection between said structures.
  • the thickness and the elastic limit of the sheet 23 of the boxes 22 and 22a is determined to allow the recovery by the boxes 22 and 22a of all the bending moments, of the normal and shear forces transmitted by the core 21, its extensions 30 and the frames 4, to the core 21a, its extensions 30a and the frames 4a.
  • the boxes 22 and 22a are produced economically, in sheet metal folded in a U shape.
  • connection between the core 21, its extensions 30 and the core 21a, its extensions 30a, to the boxes 22 and 22a, is effected by bolts 25 and 25a, or welding 26 and 2ba.
  • the frames 4 and 4a are directly welded at 32 and 32a, inside the boxes 22 and 22a.
  • the shearing or longitudinal sliding forces of the reinforcements 4 and 4a are taken up by the action of connectors 3 and 3a embedded in the flowable product and fixed at one of their ends to the cores 21 and 21a.
  • FIG. 8 shows, by way of example of embodiment, a beam defined according to the invention and used for the construction of a bridge.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Abstract

Beams and frames comprised essentially of thin iron sheet plates (1a, 1b and 14), associated to castable veils (2 and 2a), of for example concrete, by metal connectors (3e and 11). The beams may be reinforced by armatures (4a), embedded in the veils (2 and 2a). The position of the connectors is defined as follows: a) to prevent in the beams under a load a substantial buckling of the iron sheet plate (1 and 14), jeopardizing the structure, b) to transfer to iron sheet plates (1 and 14) the longitudinal sliding stresses generated by the armatures (4). The structure is completed by a welded lattice (16a), cross-bar (18) and reinforcement caissons (19) arranged at supporting points. Said structures may be prolonged at their ends by metal caissons allowing to form assemblies between different structures by means usually used in iron works (not represented).

Description

POUTRES UT STRUCTURES CONSTITUEES DE TOLES MINCES ASSOCIEES A UN VOILE COULABLE ET DUBOISSABLE.BEAMS UT STRUCTURES CONSISTING OF THIN SHEET MATERIALS ASSOCIATED WITH A SLEEVABLE AND DOUBLELABLE VEIL.
La présente invention concerne un nouveau dispositif de poutres et structures, utilisées en flexion longitudinale dans tout type de constructions ainsi que les moyens de les assembler entre elles. Les âmes de ces structures sont constituées d'une tôle métallique dont au moins une face est associée, par un réseau adéquat de connecteurs métalliques, à un voile d'un produit coulable et durcissable, tel que du béton par exemple: le dit voile pouvant comprendre en renfort, des armatures métalliques longitudinales. Pour la clarté du texte nous désignons par âme la partie de ces structures reliant en flexion, en sections transversales, la zone tendue à la zone comprimée de ces structures : la dite âme, étant de ce fait, principalement chargée de maintenir les efforts tranchants et les contraintes longitudinales de cisaillement.The present invention relates to a new device for beams and structures, used in longitudinal bending in all types of construction as well as the means of joining them together. The cores of these structures consist of a metal sheet of which at least one face is associated, by an adequate network of metallic connectors, with a veil of a flowable and hardenable product, such as concrete for example: the said veil being able to include as reinforcement, longitudinal metal reinforcements. For the clarity of the text, we designate by core the part of these structures connecting in flexion, in cross sections, the stretched area to the compressed area of these structures: the said core, being therefore, mainly responsible for maintaining the cutting forces and longitudinal shear stresses.
Les structures traditionnelles le plus souvent utilisées, sont constituées d'éléments métalliques directement issus de laminage, ou assemblés par soudure, et comprenant principalement une âme, bordée latéralement de deux ailes. Les ailes sont déterminées pour le maintien des moments fléchissants, l'âme doit retenir principalement les efforts tranchants et les contraintes longitudinales de cisaillement. L'âme doit par ailleurs être suffisamment épaisse pour ne pas être sujette au voilement ou flambage local et pour permettre son laminage ou son assemblage aux ailes par soudure. Il s'avère que le plus généralement, ce sont les conditions de voilement, les possibilités de laminage et de soudure qui sont prépondérantes et qui déterminent l'épaisseur de l'âme, cette épaisseur devenant alors très surabondante pour le maintien des efforts tranchants et des contraintes de cisaillement. Il en résulte une perte de matière importante. Pour la limiter partiellement, on peut en opérant par soudure assembler les ailes avec une âme assez mince et renforcer cette âme par des voiles transversaux soudés, boulonnés ou rivés à l'âme; cela ne peut être obtenu qu'en utilisant en contrepartie une quantité importante de main-d'oauvre et d'énergie. Pour les poutres en béton armé, également très utilisées, les moments fléchissants sont retenus par des armatures métalliques longitudinales, situées en bordures latérales des poutres, et par la partie du béton qui du fait de la flexion se trouve comprimée.The traditional structures most often used, consist of metallic elements directly obtained from rolling, or assembled by welding, and mainly comprising a core, bordered laterally by two wings. The wings are determined for the maintenance of the bending moments, the core must mainly retain the shearing forces and the longitudinal shear stresses. The core must also be thick enough not to be subject to local buckling or buckling and to allow it to be laminated or assembled to the wings by welding. It turns out that more generally, it is the buckling conditions, the possibilities of rolling and welding which are predominant and which determine the thickness of the core, this thickness then becoming very superabundant for maintaining the shear forces and shear stresses. This results in a significant loss of material. To partially limit it, it is possible, by welding, to assemble the wings with a fairly thin core and to reinforce this core by transverse webs welded, bolted or riveted to the core; this can only be achieved by using a significant amount of labor and energy in return. For reinforced concrete beams, also widely used, the bending moments are retained by longitudinal metal reinforcements, located at the lateral edges of the beams, and by the part of the concrete which due to bending is compressed.
Les efforts tranchants et les contraintes longitudinales de glissement, engendrées par les armatures longitudinales sont maintenus par un grand nombre d'armatures transversales, qui doivent obligatoirement relier par soudure ou par bouclage, les armatures longitudinales tendues aux armatures longitudinales comprimées. Il en résulte un réseau compliqué d'armatures et un coût très élevé de main-d'oeuvre.The shear forces and the longitudinal sliding stresses generated by the longitudinal reinforcements are maintained by a large number of transverse reinforcements, which must necessarily connect by welding or by looping, the longitudinal reinforcements stretched to the compressed longitudinal reinforcements. This results in a complicated network of reinforcements and a very high cost of labor.
Les poutres et structures selon l'invention permettent de remédier à ces inconvénients. Pour cela, l'âme reliant en flexion la zone comprimée à la zone tendue de ces dites poutres et structures est constituée par une tôle métallique mince, associée sur au moins une face à un voile d'un produit coulable et durcissable, par un réseau de connecteurs métalliques fixés à la dite tôle à une de leurs extrémités, le corps des dits connecteurs ainsi que leurs extrémités libres sont noyés dans le produit coulable. Les connecteurs du dit réseau, disposés en zone comprimée, empêchent le flambement local de la tôle d'âme. Dans la zone comprimée, les distances entre points d'attaches de ces connecteurs sont déterminés pour que l'espace de tôle libre existant entre connecteurs voisins, reste insuffisant pour entraîner à cet endroit un flambement local de la tôle d'âme, ceci en tenant compte de l'épaisseur de la tôle et des contraintes locales existantes. Les dites poutres et structures peuvent être renforcées, tant en zone comprimée qu'en zone tendue, par des armatures longitudinales de renfort constituées de préférence par des ronds à béton disposés généralement en bordures longitudinales des dites structures. Dans ce cas, tant en zone comprimée qu'en zone tendue, tout ou partie des connecteurs du dit réseau sont disposés alignés sensiblement parallèlement aux dites armatures de renfort dans le but de collecter pendant la flexion des dites poutres et structures, les efforts de cisaillement longitudinaux engendrés par les dites armatures de renfort. Ces efforts repris par les dits connecteurs alignés sont transmis à la tôle constitutive de l'âme par l'intermédiaire de colonnes comprimées se constituant dans le produit coulable. Ces colonnes sont liées par adhérence aux armatures de renfort et s'appuient sur les corps des connecteurs. On vérifie que l'adhérence des dites colonnes sur les armatures et leurs contraintes de compression au niveau des appuis sur les connecteurs restent compatibles avec les caractéristiques mécaniques du produit coulable. La tôle d'âme équilibre ainsi par cisaillement les efforts de cisaillement longitudinaux qu'elle reçoit des armatures tendues et des armatures comprimées. Ceci permet d'éviter l'emploi d'un grand nombre d'armatures transversales ou étriers, reliant par soudage ou bouclage les armatures de renfort comprimées aux armatures de renfort tendues.The beams and structures according to the invention make it possible to remedy these drawbacks. For this, the core flexively connecting the compressed area to the tensed area of these said beams and structures is constituted by a thin metal sheet, associated on at least one face with a web of a flowable and hardenable product, by a network. of metal connectors fixed to said sheet at one of their ends, the body of said connectors and their free ends are embedded in the flowable product. The connectors of said network, arranged in a compressed area, prevent local buckling of the core sheet. In the compressed zone, the distances between points of attachment of these connectors are determined so that the free sheet space existing between neighboring connectors remains insufficient to cause local buckling of the core sheet at this point, taking into account account for the thickness of the sheet and the existing local constraints. Said beams and structures can be reinforced, both in the compressed area and in the tensed area, by longitudinal reinforcing reinforcements preferably constituted by concrete rods generally arranged at the longitudinal edges of said structures. In this case, both in the compressed area and in the stretched area, all or part of the connectors of the said network are arranged aligned substantially parallel to the said reinforcing reinforcements in order to collect the forces during the bending of the said beams and structures. longitudinal shear generated by said reinforcements. These forces taken up by the said aligned connectors are transmitted to the sheet metal constituting the core by means of compressed columns constituting in the flowable product. These columns are linked by adhesion to the reinforcements and are supported on the connector bodies. It is checked that the adhesion of said columns to the reinforcements and their compression stresses at the level of the supports on the connectors remain compatible with the mechanical characteristics of the flowable product. The core sheet thus balances the longitudinal shearing forces it receives from tensioned and compressed reinforcements. This makes it possible to avoid the use of a large number of transverse reinforcements or stirrups, connecting by welding or looping the compressed reinforcement reinforcements to the tensioned reinforcement reinforcements.
La répartition de l'ensemble des connecteurs peut être définie finalement pour satisfaire en même temps aux conditions de maintien du flambement local de la tôle constitutive de l'âme et au maintien du glissement longitudinal des armatures de renfort.The distribution of all of the connectors can be finally defined to satisfy at the same time the conditions for maintaining the local buckling of the sheet metal constituting the core and for maintaining the longitudinal sliding of the reinforcement reinforcements.
Pour assembler entre elles à leurs extrémités les dites poutres et structures, on peut utiliser des bacs ou caissons en tôle, déterminés pour reprendre les moments fléchissants et les efforts tranchants transmis par les dites structures. Les tôles d'âmes et leurs éventuelles prolongations sont boulonnées ou soudées aux dits bacs. Les extrémités des armatures de renfort sont également soudés aux dits bacs, les poutres et structures ainsi équipées à leurs extrémités, peuvent être assemblées par les méthodes habituelles à la charpente métalliques. Les bacs une fois assemblés aux dites structures peuvent participer au coffrage du produit coulable, qui peut être du béton.To assemble at their ends said beams and structures, it is possible to use sheet metal trays or boxes, determined to take up the bending moments and the shear forces transmitted by said structures. The sheets of cores and their possible extensions are bolted or welded to said tanks. The ends of the reinforcements are also welded to said tanks, the beams and structures thus equipped at their ends, can be assembled by the usual methods of metal frame. The trays once assembled to said structures can participate in the formwork of the flowable product, which can be concrete.
La figure 1, représente, en vue perspective partiellement éclatée, une structure dont l'âme est constituée par une tôle associée sur une face à un voile d'un produit coulable comprenant des armatures de renfort; la liaison entre tôle et voile est assurée par des dispositifs métalliques de liaison désignés sous le nom de connecteurs.Figure 1 shows, in partially exploded perspective view, a structure whose core is formed by a sheet associated on one side with a web of a flowable product comprising reinforcements; the connection between sheet and veil is ensured by metallic connecting devices referred to as connectors.
Les figures 2 et 3 représentent, en vues perspectives partiellement éclatées, une structure analogue à celle représentée figure 1, mais ayant pour particularité que les bords latéraux de l'âme sont prolongés par des éléments plies constituant avec l'âme, un bac métallique utilisé en coffrage pour couler le voile coulable associé à l'âme métallique.Figures 2 and 3 show, in partially exploded perspective views, a structure similar to that shown in Figure 1, but having the particularity that the lateral edges of the core are extended by folded elements constituting with the core, a metal container used in formwork for pouring the flowable veil associated with the metallic core.
Les figures 4 et 5, montrent, en vues perspectives, différents types de connecteurs et leur mode de liaison à l'âme.Figures 4 and 5 show, in perspective views, different types of connectors and their mode of connection to the core.
La figure 6 montre, en vue perspective éclatée, une poutre dans laquelle l'âme est constituée de 2 tôles disposées chacune de part et d'autre d'un voile coulable.Figure 6 shows, in exploded perspective view, a beam in which the core consists of 2 sheets each arranged on either side of a flowable veil.
La figure 7, montre un type de connecteurs adapté aux poutres montrées figure 6.Figure 7 shows a type of connector suitable for the beams shown in Figure 6.
La figure 8 est une vue en perspective, avec coupe transversale éclatée, d'une poutre dont les bords latéraux des tôles, constitutives de l'âme, sont prolongées par des éléments plies épousant la forme extérieure des ailes. De telles poutrès peuvent être utilisées pour la constitution de ponts. La figure 9, montre, en vue perspective éclatée, une poutre de constitution analogue aux figures 1 , 2 et 3, ayant pour particularité de comprendre un treillis soudé inclus au voile coulable. La figure 10, montre, vues en plan, les parties métalliques de deux structures mixtes montées par bacs intermédiaires, mises à plat horizontalement, produit coulable enlevé. La figure 11, est une coupe transversale partielle AA de la figure 10. Se référant à la figure 1 selon l'invention l'âme de la poutre est constituée d'une tôle 1, associée sur une de ses faces à un voile d'un produit coulable et durcissable 2, du béton par exemple, par un réseau de connecteurs métalliques 3. Le voile coulable enrobe des armatures de renfort métalliques 4. Le réseau comprend des alignements 21 de connecteurs disposés parallèlement aux armatures 4. Il s'établit en zone tendue et en zone comprimée des dites structures, entre les connecteurs des lignes 21 et les armatures 4, des colonnes comprimées du produit coulable qui prennent appui à une de leurs extrémités sur les connecteurs des lignes 21, et qui sont liées par adhérence à l'armature 4 pour transmettre à la tôle 1, les efforts de cisaillement longitudinaux existant du fait de la flexion, dans les armatures 4. La tôle 1, équilibre ces efforts de cisaillement entre la zone tendue et la zone comprimée des dites structures. L'épaisseur de la tôle 1 est principalement fonction des efforts tranchants appliqués à la structure et des efforts de cisaillement longitudinaux qui en résultent. Les distances a1, a2, b1, b2 entre divers connecteurs sont suffisamment réduites pour éviter tout flambement local de la tôle 1.Figure 8 is a perspective view, with exploded cross section, of a beam whose lateral edges of the sheets, constituting the core, are extended by folded elements matching the outer shape of the wings. Such beams can be used for building bridges. FIG. 9 shows, in an exploded perspective view, a beam of constitution similar to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, having the particularity of comprising a welded mesh included in the flowable veil. FIG. 10 shows, in plan view, the metal parts of two mixed structures mounted by intermediate tanks, laid flat horizontally, flowable product removed. Figure 11 is a partial cross section AA of Figure 10. Referring to Figure 1 according to the invention the soul of the beam consists of a sheet 1, associated on one of its faces with a web of a flowable and hardenable product 2, concrete for example, by a network of metal connectors 3. The flowable veil coats metal reinforcement reinforcements 4. The network comprises alignments 21 of connectors arranged parallel to the reinforcements 4. It is established in tensioned zone and in compressed zone of said structures, between the connectors of lines 21 and the reinforcements 4, of the columns compressed of the flowable product which bear at one of their ends on the connectors of the lines 21, and which are bonded by adhesion to the frame 4 to transmit to the sheet 1, the longitudinal shear forces existing due to bending, in the reinforcements 4. The sheet 1, balances these shear forces between the tensioned zone and the compressed zone of said structures. The thickness of the sheet 1 is mainly a function of the shear forces applied to the structure and of the longitudinal shear forces which result therefrom. The distances a1, a2, b1, b2 between various connectors are sufficiently reduced to avoid any local buckling of the sheet 1.
Se référant aux figures 2 et 3, les bords latéraux de la tôle 1, constitutive de l'âme des dites poutres et structures, sont prolongés par des éléments plies 5 , permettant d'obtenir un bac ayant, en section transversale, la forme générale d'un U ou d'un C ; le dit bac pouvant être utilisé comme élément de coffrage du produit coulable.Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the lateral edges of the sheet 1, constituting the core of said beams and structures, are extended by folded elements 5, making it possible to obtain a container having, in cross section, the general shape a U or a C; said tank can be used as a formwork element for the pourable product.
Se référant aux figures 4 et 5, selon l'invention, les connecteurs peuvent être des ronds soudés, des vis ou boulons, mais aussi des plats plies en ondes, chaque onde comprend un point d'attache fixé à la tôle d'âme 1 (fig.4) , ou encore des clous à tête plate ou fraisée, généralement soudés à l'âme ou emmanchés à force au travers de la tôle d'âme 1, (figure 5). Cette tôle 1 est préalablement percée et poinçonnée en cuvettes 22, aptes à recevoir les têtes des clous, ceci pour améliorer les liaisons entre la tôle 1 et le voile coulable 2. (figure 1)Referring to Figures 4 and 5, according to the invention, the connectors can be welded rounds, screws or bolts, but also flat folded in waves, each wave includes an attachment point fixed to the core sheet 1 (fig.4), or nails with a flat or countersunk head, generally welded to the core or force-fitted through the core sheet 1, (Figure 5). This sheet 1 is previously drilled and punched in cups 22, capable of receiving the heads of the nails, this to improve the connections between the sheet 1 and the flowable web 2. (Figure 1)
Se référant à la figure 6 selon l'invention, l'âme des dites poutres et structures est constituée de deux tôles 1a et 1b, disposées de part et d'autre d'un voile d'un produit coulable et durcissable 2, auquel elles sont associées par un double réseau de connecteurs, pouvant se confondre en un seul réseau ; l'écartement dans ce cas, des tôles la et 1b, est maintenu par des connecteurs communs 11, qui sont par exemple, soudés, boulonnés, rivés ou clavetés à chacune des tôles 1a et 1b. De même qu'en figure 1, les connecteurs sont disposés pour assurer la reprise des efforts de cisaillement longitu dinaux engendrés par les armatures et pour éviter le flambement local des tôles 1a et 1b dont les épaisseurs généralement égales sont fonction des efforts tranchants et des efforts de cisaillement longitudinaux qui en résultent. Se référant aux figures 7 et 8, selon l'invention, des connecteurs en forme de clés, rep 11 (figure 7), à double museaux 12a et 12b, à verrouillage par rotation, peuvent servir à la liaison des tôles 1a et 1b, tout en maintenant leur écartement (figure 8). Les tôles 1a et 1b, sont aux points d'attache des connecteurs clés 11, poinçonnées de trous épousant la forme de la section transversale des clés 11 (figure 8). Les clés 11 comprennent des rainures biseautées 13a et 13b (fig. 7)dont la largeur en fond de rainures est légèrement inférieure à l'épaisseur des tôles 1a et 1b, de façon qu'après rotation de la clé 11, on obtienne un serrage des museaux 12a et 12b sur les tôles 1a et lb. Le verrouillage des connecteurs clés 11 devient immuable après coulée et prise du voile 2.Referring to Figure 6 according to the invention, the core of said beams and structures consists of two sheets 1a and 1b, arranged on either side of a web of a flowable and hardenable product 2, to which they are associated by a double network of connectors, which can merge into a single network; the spacing in this case, of the sheets 1a and 1b, is maintained by common connectors 11, which are, for example, welded, bolted, riveted or keyed to each of the sheets 1a and 1b. As in Figure 1, the connectors are arranged to ensure the resumption of longitu shear forces dinaux generated by the reinforcements and to avoid local buckling of the sheets 1a and 1b whose generally equal thicknesses are a function of the shear forces and the longitudinal shear forces which result therefrom. Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, according to the invention, connectors in the form of keys, rep 11 (FIG. 7), with double snouts 12a and 12b, with locking by rotation, can be used for the connection of the sheets 1a and 1b, while maintaining their spacing (Figure 8). The sheets 1a and 1b are at the attachment points of the key connectors 11, punched with holes matching the shape of the cross section of the keys 11 (FIG. 8). The keys 11 include beveled grooves 13a and 13b (fig. 7) whose width at the bottom of the grooves is slightly less than the thickness of the sheets 1a and 1b, so that after rotation of the key 11, a tightening is obtained snouts 12a and 12b on sheets 1a and lb. The locking of the key connectors 11 becomes immutable after casting and taking of the web 2.
Se référant aux figures 3 et 8 selon l'invention, la tôle 1, les deux tôles 1a et 1b ou l'une seulement des deux tôles, parties constitutives de l'âme des dites poutres et structures, sont prolongées sur leurs bords latéraux par des éléments plies 14, contournant, au moins partiellement, la forme des ailes 15. Dans ce cas, les ailes 15 sont traitées comme les âmes, et remplies également d'un produit coulable 2a, pouvant être identique à celui utilisé pour le voile des âmes et dans ce cas, le remplissage des âmes et des ailes est effectué simultanément.Referring to Figures 3 and 8 according to the invention, the sheet 1, the two sheets 1a and 1b or only one of the two sheets, constitutive parts of the core of said beams and structures, are extended on their lateral edges by folded elements 14, bypassing, at least partially, the shape of the wings 15. In this case, the wings 15 are treated as webs, and also filled with a flowable product 2a, which may be identical to that used for the veil of souls and in this case, the filling of souls and wings is carried out simultaneously.
Se référant à la figure 8, selon l'invention, les éléments plies 14, contournant les ailes 15 des dites poutres et structures, peuvent, comme les tôles 1 constitutives de l'âme être garnis d'un réseau de connecteurs 3e, satisfaisant aux même conditions, que celles précédemment prévues pour le réseau des connecteurs disposés au niveau des tôles 1. Les écartements entre les poinxs d'attache de connecteurs voisins 3e, devront être suffisamment réduits, pour ne pas entraîner dans les tôles 14, des déformations ou voilement notables, pouvant mettre en péril les dites poutres et struc tures, sous l'action des charges et contraintes qui leur sont appliquées.Referring to FIG. 8, according to the invention, the folded elements 14, bypassing the wings 15 of said beams and structures, can, like the sheets 1 constituting the core, be furnished with a network of connectors 3e, satisfying the same conditions, as those previously provided for the network of connectors arranged at the level of the sheets 1. The spacings between the attachment pins of neighboring connectors 3e, must be sufficiently reduced, so as not to cause deformation or buckling in the sheets 14 notable, which could jeopardize the said beams and struc tures, under the action of the loads and constraints which are applied to them.
Des armatures de renfort 4a sont éventuellement noyées dans le produit coulable 2a remplissant les ailes, dans ce cas, le réseau des connecteurs 3e, garnissant les tôles 14 comprend au moins un alignement 21a de connecteurs, disposé sensiblement parallèle aux armatures de renfort 4a, les connecteurs de ces alignements 21 étant plus particulièrement destinés à la reprise des efforts de cisaillement longitudinaux qui en flexion sont engendrés par les armatures 4a.Reinforcement plates 4a are optionally embedded in the flowable product 2a filling the wings, in this case, the network of connectors 3e, lining the sheets 14 comprises at least one alignment 21a of connectors, arranged substantially parallel to the reinforcement plates 4a, connectors of these alignments 21 being more particularly intended for the recovery of longitudinal shearing forces which in bending are generated by the reinforcements 4a.
Se référant aux figures 8 et 9, selon l'invention, les parties coulées 2 et 2a des dites poutres et structures sont garnies d'au moins un treillis soudé 16 et/ou 16a. Ce treillis soudé 16 et/ou 16a est disposé entre les armatures de renfort 4 et/ou 4a et les extrémités libres des connecteurs 3 et/ou 3e, sensiblement parallèle à la tôle 1 constitutive de l'âme et/ou à la tôle 14 contournant les ailes 15.Referring to Figures 8 and 9, according to the invention, the cast parts 2 and 2a of said beams and structures are lined with at least one welded mesh 16 and / or 16a. This welded mesh 16 and / or 16a is disposed between the reinforcing reinforcements 4 and / or 4a and the free ends of the connectors 3 and / or 3e, substantially parallel to the sheet 1 constituting the core and / or to the sheet 14 bypassing the wings 15.
Ce dit treillis soudé a pour fonctions séparées ou simultanées de : - empêcher le renversement des connecteurs 3 et/ou 3a, en association avec les voiles coulables 2 et/ou 2a.This said welded mesh has the separate or simultaneous functions of: - preventing the overturning of the connectors 3 and / or 3a, in association with the sails 2 and / or 2a.
- participer au maintien des efforts de cisaillement longitudinal engendrés par les armatures de renfort 4 et/ou 4a, en association avec les voiles coulables 2 et/ou 2a, les connecteurs 3 et/ou 3e et les tôles 1 et/ou 14.- participate in maintaining the longitudinal shearing forces generated by the reinforcing reinforcements 4 and / or 4a, in association with the flowable sails 2 and / or 2a, the connectors 3 and / or 3e and the sheets 1 and / or 14.
- améliorer la résistance à la torsion des dites poutres et structures en participant avec les connecteurs 3 et/ou 3e et les tôles 1 et/ou 14.- improve the torsional strength of said beams and structures by participating with connectors 3 and / or 3e and sheets 1 and / or 14.
- augmenter en association avec la tôle 1 l'inertie transversale de l'âme.- increase in association with sheet 1 the transverse inertia of the core.
Se référant à la figure 8, selon l'invention; les prolongements 14 des tôles d'âme la et 1b, peuvent être reliés entr' eux par des entretoises 18, participant à la retenue des efforts de cisaillement longitudinal engendrés par les armatures de renfort 4a.Referring to Figure 8, according to the invention; the extensions 14 of the core sheets 1a and 1b, can be connected to each other by spacers 18, participating in the retention of the longitudinal shearing forces generated by the reinforcing reinforcements 4a.
Se référant à la figure 8, selon l'invention, aux sections d'appuis des poutres, les âmes peuvent être renforcées par des caissons métalliques creux 19, fixés aux rives 20 des ailes 15, les dits caissons 19, pouvant également être remplis d'un produit coulable pour éviter la corrosion interne des parties métalliques des structures.Referring to Figure 8, according to the invention, the support sections of the beams, the webs can be reinforced by hollow metal boxes 19, fixed to the edges 20 wings 15, the so-called boxes 19, which can also be filled with a flowable product to avoid internal corrosion of the metal parts of the structures.
Se référant aux figures 10 et 11, une âme métallique 21 de structure mixte et ses éventuels prolongements latéraux 30 obtenus par pliage de la tôle d'âme 21, sont équipés à au moins une de leurs extrémités, avant mise en place du produit coulable, par un caisson métallique 22, épousant intérieurement ou extérieurement, au moins partiellement la forme extérieure ou intérieure des dites âmes 21 et de leurs éventuels prolongements latéraux 30, ceci pour permettre l'assemblage entre eux des dites âmes 21 et de leurs éventuels prolongements latéraux 30 avec les dits caissons 22 et constituer conjointement un élément de coffrage, apte à recevoir le produit coulable, composant de la structure mixte. Le caisson 22 est muni de moyens d'assemblage analogues à ceux utilisés en charpente métallique, par exemple, des soudures 27 ou des boulons 28 avec contreplaques 29, le rendant apte à son assemblage avec un autre caisson 22a, conprenant les mêmes éléments d'assemblage et équipant une structure mixte analogue à la précédente, ceci de façon à réaliser la liaison entre les dites structures.Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, a metal core 21 of mixed structure and its possible lateral extensions 30 obtained by folding the core sheet 21, are fitted at at least one of their ends, before the pourable product is put in place, by a metal box 22, conforming internally or externally, at least partially to the external or internal shape of said cores 21 and their possible lateral extensions 30, this to allow the assembly between them of said cores 21 and their possible lateral extensions 30 with said boxes 22 and jointly constitute a formwork element, capable of receiving the flowable product, component of the mixed structure. The box 22 is provided with assembly means similar to those used in metal frame, for example, welds 27 or bolts 28 with plywood 29, making it suitable for its assembly with another box 22a, comprising the same elements of assembly and equipping a mixed structure similar to the previous one, so as to achieve the connection between said structures.
L'épaisseur et la limite élastique de la tôle 23 des caissons 22 et 22a est déterminée pour permettre la reprise par les caissons 22 et 22a de la totalité des moments fléchissants, des efforts normaux et de cisaillement transmis par l'âme 21, ses prolongements 30 et les armatures 4, à l'âme 21a, ses prolongements 30a et les armatures 4a. Le plus généralement les caissons 22 et 22a sont exécutés de façon économique, en tôle pliée en forme de U.The thickness and the elastic limit of the sheet 23 of the boxes 22 and 22a is determined to allow the recovery by the boxes 22 and 22a of all the bending moments, of the normal and shear forces transmitted by the core 21, its extensions 30 and the frames 4, to the core 21a, its extensions 30a and the frames 4a. Most generally, the boxes 22 and 22a are produced economically, in sheet metal folded in a U shape.
La liaison enτre âme 21, ses prolongements 30 et l'âme 21a, ses prolongements 30a, aux caissons 22 et 22a, s'effectue par boulons 25 et 25a, ou soudure 26 et 2ba. Les armatures 4 et 4a sont directement soudées en 32 et 32a, à l'in térieur des caissons 22 et 22a.The connection between the core 21, its extensions 30 and the core 21a, its extensions 30a, to the boxes 22 and 22a, is effected by bolts 25 and 25a, or welding 26 and 2ba. The frames 4 and 4a are directly welded at 32 and 32a, inside the boxes 22 and 22a.
Les efforts de cisaillement ou de glissement longitudinal des armatures 4 et 4a sont repris par action de connecteurs 3 et 3a noyés dans le produit coulable et fixés à une de leurs extrémités aux âmes 21 et 21a. Après assemblage l'âme 21 et le caisson 22 sont mis à plat, avec les prolongements 30 dirigés vers le heut, pour constituer un élément de coffrage apte à recevoir le produit coulable, après mise en place de réservations, au niveau des éléments d'assemblage telles que les soudures 27, les boulons 28, les contreplaques 29, de façon que ces éléments restent toujours accessibles au moment du montage des structures entre elles par assemblage des caissons 22 et 22a. Après montage, ces réservations sont comblées par du produit coulable pour ne pas interrompre la continuité de matière entre les structures. L'ensemble des structures ainsi reliées par liaisons à caissons, telles que décrites dans la présente invention peuvent constituer les ossatures de bâtiments et d'ouvrage de Génie Civil de toutes sortes. Les poutres et structures, précédemment définies peuvent être utilisées en tout type de construction, en remplacement de laminés marchands, d'éléments métalliques traditionnels, de poutres et structures en béton armé. la figure 8, montre à titre d'exemple de réalisation, une poutre définie selon l'invention et utilisée pour la construction d'un pont.The shearing or longitudinal sliding forces of the reinforcements 4 and 4a are taken up by the action of connectors 3 and 3a embedded in the flowable product and fixed at one of their ends to the cores 21 and 21a. After assembling the core 21 and the box 22 are laid flat, with the extensions 30 directed towards the heu, to constitute a formwork element capable of receiving the pourable product, after setting up reservations, at the level of the elements of assembly such as the welds 27, the bolts 28, the plywoods 29, so that these elements are always accessible when the structures are assembled together by assembling the boxes 22 and 22a. After assembly, these reservations are filled with flowable product so as not to interrupt the continuity of material between the structures. All the structures thus connected by box connections, as described in the present invention can constitute the frameworks of buildings and civil engineering works of all kinds. The previously defined beams and structures can be used in any type of construction, replacing merchant laminates, traditional metal elements, reinforced concrete beams and structures. FIG. 8 shows, by way of example of embodiment, a beam defined according to the invention and used for the construction of a bridge.
La présente invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de réalisation qui viennent d'être décrits, elle est au contraire susceptible de variantes et de modifications tombant dans l'esprit et le champ des revendications annexées. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments which have just been described, it is on the contrary susceptible of variants and modifications falling within the spirit and the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1. Poutres et structures, utilisées en flexion, dans tout type de constructions, comprenant : a) au moins une âme, reliant en flexion la zone comprimée à la zone tendue des dites structures, la dite âme étant constituée par une tôle métallique mince, associée sur au moins une face à un voile d'un produit coulable et durcissable, pouvant être du béton, par un réseau de connecteurs métalliques fixés à la dite tôle à une de leurs extrémités, le corps des dits connecteurs ainsi que leurs extrémités libres étant noyés dans le produit coulable, les connecteurs du dit réseau, disposés dans la dite zone comprimée empêchant le flambement local de la dite tôle; b) des armatures longitudinales de renfort noyées dans le dit produit coulable; les dites poutres et structures étant caractérisées en ce que des connecteurs du dit réseau, tant dans la dite zone tendue que dans la dite zone comprimée, sont disposés alignés sensiblement parallèle ment aux dites armatures de renfort dans le but de collecter, pendant la flexion des dites structures, les efforts de cisaillement longitudinaux engendrés par les dites armatures de renfort, et cela en direction des dites tôles métalliques constitutives de l'âme, par l'intermédiaire de colonnes comprimées du dit produit coulable, les dites colonnes étant liées par adhérence, à une de leurs extrémités aux dites ar matures et prenant appui à leurs autres extrémités sur les dits connecteurs alignés parallèlement aux dites armatures, ceci de façon que la dite tôle équilibre entre la dite zone tendue et la dite zone comprimée les efforts de cisaillement longitudinaux engendrés par les dites armatures de renfort. CLAIMS 1. Beams and structures, used in flexion, in all types of constructions, comprising: a) at least one core, flexibly connecting the compressed zone to the tensed zone of said structures, said core being constituted by a thin metal sheet , associated on at least one face with a veil of a flowable and curable product, which may be concrete, by a network of metal connectors fixed to said sheet at one of their ends, the body of said connectors as well as their free ends being embedded in the flowable product, the connectors of said network, arranged in said compressed area preventing local buckling of said sheet; b) longitudinal reinforcement frames embedded in said flowable product; said beams and structures being characterized in that connectors of said network, both in said tensed area and in said compressed area, are arranged aligned substantially parallel to said reinforcing reinforcements for the purpose of collecting, during the bending of said structures, the longitudinal shear forces generated by said reinforcements, and this in the direction of said metal sheets constituting the core, by means of compressed columns of said flowable product, said columns being bonded, at one of their ends at said mature ar and bearing on their other ends on said connectors aligned parallel to said reinforcements, this so that said sheet balances between said tensioned area and said compressed area the longitudinal shear forces generated by the said reinforcements.
2. Poutres et structures selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que la dite tôle, partie constitutive de l'âme des dites poutres et structures, participe au moins localement au coffrage, utilisé pour le coulage du produit constitutif du voile associé à la dite tôle. 2. Beams and structures according to claim 1, characterized in that the said sheet, constitutive part of the core of the said beams and structures, participates at least locally in the formwork, used for the casting of the constituent product of the veil associated with the said sheet metal.
3. Poutres et structures selon les revendications 1 à 2, caractérisées par le fait que la dite tôle, partie constitutive de l'âme des dites poutres et structures, est prolongée latéralement par des éléments plies, de façon à constituer un bac en forme de U ou de C, participant au coffrage, utilisé pour le coulage du produit constitutif du dit voile.3. Beams and structures according to claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the said sheet, constituting part of the core of the said beams and structures, is extended laterally by folded elements, so as to constitute a tray in the shape of a U or C, participating in the formwork, used for pouring the product constituting said veil.
4. Poutres et structures selon les revendications 1 à 3, caractérisées par le fait que les âmes, ou parties des dites poutres et structures qui en flexion, relient en section transversales, les éléments tendus des dites poutres et strutures, aux éléments comprimés, sont constituées de deux tôles séparées par un voile constitué d'un produit coulable et durcissable, les dites tôles étant associées au dit voile, par l'intermédiaire de connecteurs métalliques, disposés en réseaux.4. Beams and structures according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cores, or parts of said beams and structures which in flexion, connect in cross section, the stretched elements of said beams and structures, to the compressed elements, are consisting of two sheets separated by a veil made of a flowable and hardenable product, said sheets being associated with said veil, by means of metal connectors, arranged in networks.
5. Poutres et structures selon la revendication 4, dans lesquelles les âmes sont constituées de deux tôles associées à un voile coulable, par des connecteurs métalliques, caractérisées par le fait que l'ensemble des connecteurs associés à chacune des dites tôles constitue un même réseau, chacun des dits connecteurs étant alors fixé à leurs extrémités, à l'une des dites tôles, les dits connecteurs maintenant ainsi l'écartement entre les dites tôles. 5. Beams and structures according to claim 4, in which the cores consist of two sheets associated with a flowable web, by metal connectors, characterized in that the set of connectors associated with each of said sheets constitutes the same network , each of said connectors then being fixed at their ends, to one of said sheets, said connectors thus maintaining the spacing between said sheets.
6. Poutres et structures selon la revendication 5, caractérisées par le fait, que les dits connecteurs, reliant les deux tôles par leurs extrémités, sont en forme de clé à double museaux, contiglis à des rainures biseautées, que les dites tôles sont poinçonnées en paquet de trous épousant en excès la forme extérieure maximale des sections transversales des dites clés, que les dites rainures biseautées, sont en fond, légèrement moins larges que les épaisseurs des dites tôles, pour permettre aux dites clés de rester, après rotation, serrées contre les dites tôles. 6. Beams and structures according to claim 5, characterized in that the said connectors, connecting the two sheets by their ends, are in the form of a double muzzle key, contiglis to beveled grooves, that the said sheets are punched in packet of holes conforming in excess to the maximum external shape of the cross sections of said keys, which said bevelled grooves are at the bottom, slightly less wide than the thicknesses of said sheets, to allow said keys to remain, after rotation, tight against say them sheets.
7. Poutres et structures selon les revendications 1 à 6, caractérisées par le fait que la dite tôle, les deux dites tôles ou l'une des deux dites tôles, constitutives de l'âme des dites poutres et structures, sont prolongées latéralement par des éléments plies, contournant, au moins partiellement, la forme extérieure, d'au moins une aile des dites poutres et structures; les dits éléments plies participant au coffrage des dites ailes qui sont également remplies d'un produit coulable. 7. Beams and structures according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the said sheet, the two said sheets or one of the two said sheets, constituting the core of the said beams and structures, are extended laterally by folded elements, bypassing, at least partially, the external shape, of at least one wing of said beams and structures; said folded elements participating in the formwork of said wings which are also filled with a flowable product.
8. Poutres et structures selon la revendication 7, caractérisées par le fait, que les dits éléments plies en prolongation latérale des tôles constitutives de l'âme des dites poutres et structures, peuvent également être munis d'au moins un alignement de connecteurs, disposés sensiblement parallèle aux armatures de renfort, noyées dans la partie coulable, constitutive des ailes des dites poutres et structures.8. Beams and structures according to claim 7, characterized in that the said folded elements in lateral extension of the sheets constituting the core of the said beams and structures, can also be provided with at least one alignment of connectors, arranged substantially parallel to the reinforcements, embedded in the flowable part, constituting the wings of said beams and structures.
9. Poutres et structures selon les revendications 1 à 8, caractérisées par le fait que les dites parties coulables sont garnies de treillis soudés, disposés entre les armatures de renfort et les extrémités, noyées dans les dites parties coulables, des connecteurs associés aux dites armatures de renfort. 9. Beams and structures according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the said flowable parts are furnished with welded mesh, arranged between the reinforcing reinforcements and the ends, embedded in the said flowable parts, of the connectors associated with the said reinforcements reinforcement.
10. Poutres et structures selon les revendications 1 à10. Beams and structures according to claims 1 to
9, caractérisées par le fait, qu'aux points d'appui des dites poutres et structures, les dites tôles, constitutives de l'âme, sont renforcées par des caissons métalliques, fixés aux dites tôles, les dits caissons pouvant être remplis d'un produit coulable.9, characterized in that, at the support points of said beams and structures, said sheets, constituting the core, are reinforced by metal boxes, fixed to said sheets, said boxes being able to be filled with a flowable product.
11. Poutres et structures selon les revendications 1 à11. Beams and structures according to claims 1 to
10, caractérisées : a) par le fait que les dites âmes métalliques et leurs éventuels prolongements latéraux constitués d'éléments plies, sont équipés à au moins une de leurs extrémités par un caisson métallique épousant intérieurement ou extérieurement, au moins partiellement la forme extérieure ou intérieure des dites âmes et de leurs éventuels prolongements latéraux, ceci pour permettre l'assemblage entre eux des dites âmes et de leurs éventuels prolongements latéraux avec les dits caissons et à constituer conjointement un élément de coffrage apte à recevoir le dit produit coulable; b) les dites armatures métalliques longitudinales de renfort sont soudées à une de leurs extrémités à l'intérieur des dits caissons, c) les dites extrémités libres des dits cais sons sont équipés de moyens d'assemblage analogues à ceux utilisés en charpente métallique, ceci pour permettre entre poutres et structures, équipées de caissons analogues, de réaliser des liaisons encastrées et à constituer ainsi les ossatures de tout type de bâtiments et d'ouvrages de Génie 10, characterized: a) in that the said metal cores and their possible lateral extensions made up of folded elements, are equipped at at least one of their ends by a metal box marrying internally or externally, at least partially the external shape or interior of said cores and their possible lateral extensions, this to allow assembly between them of said cores and their possible lateral extensions with said boxes and to jointly constitute a formwork element capable of receiving said flowable product; b) the said longitudinal metal reinforcements are welded at one of their ends inside the said boxes, c) the said free ends of the said boxes are equipped with assembly means similar to those used in metal frame, this to allow between beams and structures, equipped with similar boxes, to realize embedded connections and thus to constitute the frameworks of all types of buildings and engineering works
PCT/FR1980/000150 1979-10-18 1980-10-15 Beams and frames comprised of thin iron sheet plates associated to a castable and hardenable veil WO1981001162A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU63903/80A AU6390380A (en) 1979-10-18 1980-10-15 Beams and frames comprised of thin iron sheet plates associated to a castable and hardenable veil

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7925928 1979-10-18
FR7925928A FR2467932A1 (en) 1979-10-18 1979-10-18 Reinforced concrete structural beams - are used in bending and have thin sheet steel side plates to equalise stress
FR8017193A FR2487883A1 (en) 1980-08-04 1980-08-04 Reinforced concrete structural beams - are used in bending and have thin sheet steel side plates to equalise stress

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1981001162A1 true WO1981001162A1 (en) 1981-04-30

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PCT/FR1980/000150 WO1981001162A1 (en) 1979-10-18 1980-10-15 Beams and frames comprised of thin iron sheet plates associated to a castable and hardenable veil

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EP (1) EP0038334A1 (en)
AR (1) AR228264A1 (en)
CA (1) CA1177274A (en)
ES (1) ES495988A0 (en)
IT (1) IT1150047B (en)
MA (1) MA18978A1 (en)
OA (1) OA08942A (en)
WO (1) WO1981001162A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3525934A1 (en) * 1984-07-19 1986-01-30 Josef Steyr Feichtmayr Elongated supporting element for supporting structures and floor made using such supporting elements
DE4113150A1 (en) * 1991-04-23 1992-11-12 Grimm Friedrich Bjoern Composite beam of steel and concrete - has beam sections with concrete cast in-situ to pressure monolithic construction
DE19630448A1 (en) * 1996-07-27 1998-01-29 Freyler Ind Gmbh Connecting support for concrete reinforcement rods

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE69506980T2 (en) 1994-09-28 1999-06-02 Showa Denko K.K., Tokio/Tokyo 3-alkoxypropionic acid ester derivative, olefin polymerization catalyst and process for producing a polyolefin

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB130327A (en) * 1918-07-20 1920-10-21 Charles Francis Cramer Improvements in Structural Units for Floors and Roads.
US1957176A (en) * 1930-08-09 1934-05-01 Ferrocon Corp Beam construction
US2104506A (en) * 1935-09-03 1938-01-04 Reynolds Corp Stud
FR2092653A7 (en) * 1970-06-04 1972-01-28 Stup Procedes Freyssinet
NL7115625A (en) * 1971-11-12 1973-05-15
FR2224624A1 (en) * 1973-04-03 1974-10-31 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag
FR2397499A1 (en) * 1977-07-12 1979-02-09 Arbed COMPOSITE BEAM
DE2808327A1 (en) * 1978-02-27 1979-09-06 Heinz Dipl Ing Borsdorf Buckle stabilised, externally reinforced bend moment girder - has permanent multi-function formwork and hand-setting interior filling

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB130327A (en) * 1918-07-20 1920-10-21 Charles Francis Cramer Improvements in Structural Units for Floors and Roads.
US1957176A (en) * 1930-08-09 1934-05-01 Ferrocon Corp Beam construction
US2104506A (en) * 1935-09-03 1938-01-04 Reynolds Corp Stud
FR2092653A7 (en) * 1970-06-04 1972-01-28 Stup Procedes Freyssinet
NL7115625A (en) * 1971-11-12 1973-05-15
FR2224624A1 (en) * 1973-04-03 1974-10-31 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag
FR2397499A1 (en) * 1977-07-12 1979-02-09 Arbed COMPOSITE BEAM
DE2808327A1 (en) * 1978-02-27 1979-09-06 Heinz Dipl Ing Borsdorf Buckle stabilised, externally reinforced bend moment girder - has permanent multi-function formwork and hand-setting interior filling

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3525934A1 (en) * 1984-07-19 1986-01-30 Josef Steyr Feichtmayr Elongated supporting element for supporting structures and floor made using such supporting elements
DE4113150A1 (en) * 1991-04-23 1992-11-12 Grimm Friedrich Bjoern Composite beam of steel and concrete - has beam sections with concrete cast in-situ to pressure monolithic construction
DE19630448A1 (en) * 1996-07-27 1998-01-29 Freyler Ind Gmbh Connecting support for concrete reinforcement rods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0038334A1 (en) 1981-10-28
IT8025346A0 (en) 1980-10-15
ES8106034A1 (en) 1981-07-01
MA18978A1 (en) 1981-07-01
ES495988A0 (en) 1981-07-01
CA1177274A (en) 1984-11-06
IT1150047B (en) 1986-12-10
AR228264A1 (en) 1983-02-15
OA08942A (en) 1990-11-30

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