WO1980000618A1 - Radar installation - Google Patents

Radar installation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1980000618A1
WO1980000618A1 PCT/SE1979/000185 SE7900185W WO8000618A1 WO 1980000618 A1 WO1980000618 A1 WO 1980000618A1 SE 7900185 W SE7900185 W SE 7900185W WO 8000618 A1 WO8000618 A1 WO 8000618A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
installation
radar
information
pulses
weapons
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1979/000185
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
L Josefsson
H Filipsson
Original Assignee
Ericsson Telefon Ab L M
L Josefsson
H Filipsson
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ericsson Telefon Ab L M, L Josefsson, H Filipsson filed Critical Ericsson Telefon Ab L M
Publication of WO1980000618A1 publication Critical patent/WO1980000618A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/04—Aiming or laying means for dispersing fire from a battery ; for controlling spread of shots; for coordinating fire from spaced weapons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G5/00—Elevating or traversing control systems for guns
    • F41G5/08—Ground-based tracking-systems for aerial targets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a radar installation in accordance with the preamble of the appended independent patent claim.
  • a radar installation often coacts with a fire control instrument for measuring the position and velocity of a target, and calculating how weapons shall be aimed for combatting the measured target.
  • the installation has to give information to weapons which can, at a distance, be grouped around it. Laying line wires for trans- . ferring information is time-consuming and therefore not always possible.
  • Unbea ed radio transmission from the radar installation to all the weapons is easy to provide, but the connection is sensitive to inten ⁇ tional disturbance or jamming. Beamed radio transmission of "the radio link type is more resistant to jamming, but if radio link equipment is to be added to the radar installation, the array of apparatus will be troublesomely large.
  • the measurement pulses of electromagnetic energy conventionally radiated from the radar installation shall, per se, carry the information to be transmitted between the radar installation and coacting weapons.
  • the radar installation is often a search radar with a rotating an- tenna, which is generally placed high up on a mast.
  • the radiated pulses are very high-powered, for which reason the information can be received by fairly small receiver antennae and simple receivers. About 10% of the pulses ? sent from the radar are intended to be coded with the information which is to be transmitted.
  • information is sent from the radar installation to a receiver only when the radar antenna is direc ⁇ ted towards the appropriate receiver..- Other information is sent to another receiver when the radar antenna is directed towards this re DCver.
  • each particular receiver gets just the trans ⁇ mitted information intended for it. This is possible, since the bear to each individual receiver is known at the radar installation, the bearings being measured when the radar installation and weapons are initially installed on their sites.
  • the invention is also applicable to a target tracking radar installa tion; a missile can be dispatched to follow the radar beam following the target, information being sent on said beam to the missile via th transmitted radar pulses.
  • Fig 1 is a block diagram over the radar installation
  • Fig 2 illustrates grouping of the radar installation and coacting weapons
  • Fig 3 illustrates modulation of a transmitted radar pul with information.
  • the exemplified radar installation in accordance with the invention comprises, as illustrated in Fig 1, a transmitter 1, a receiver 2, a transmit-receive switch 3 coupled between the transmitter and re- ceiver, and a transmit-receive antenna 4 connected to the switch 3.
  • the said parts of the radar installation are made conventionally, e. they can form a Doppler radar, and are not regarded as requiring further description.
  • a computer unit 5 is also connected to the re ⁇ DCver 2, for calculating on the bases of the positions and velocities of discovered targets, the appropriate aiming of weapons, e.g. anti-aircraft guns, coacting with the radar installation. For transmitting calculated values for aiming the weapons, the computer unit 5 is linked with the radar installation transmitter 1.
  • the radar installation 11 is surrounded by a number of weapons, in this case five anti-aircraft guns 12-16.
  • the bearing angle B measured from a cardinal direction 17, is stored in the radar installation and its computer unit for each weapon.
  • a message for transmittance to a weapon consists of about 100 binary characters.
  • the message includes data concerning aiming of the weapon and, inter alia, start, stop and synchronizing characters.
  • the individual binary characters 0 and 1 are represented by separate phase directions of the alternating voltage in the radia ⁇ ted radar pulse in a manner which is shown in Fig 3.
  • the dotted frame. indicates one complete radar pulse and the broken line above the frame indicates some of the binary characters of the message.
  • Phase shifting is provided by a rapid digital phase shifter in the transmitter / in ⁇ corporated in the low power side of the transmitter.
  • Every 10th radiated radar pulse is digitally coded with a message in the mode described.
  • Both the coded and uncoded pulses cause echoes when they strike a target. All the echoes received in the radar installation are used for measuring the distance, direction and velocity of .the target.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A radar installation for measuring target data contains apparatus for calculating the aiming of coacting weapons for combatting targets. The installation (11) is adapted for transmitting information concerning aiming the weapons (12-16) by having certain of its radar pulses coded with said information. The radiated pulses are only coded when the installation antenna is directed towards a receiver at one of the weapons (12-16).

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a radar installation in accordance with the preamble of the appended independent patent claim.
DESCRIPTION OF PRIOt. ART
A radar installation often coacts with a fire control instrument for measuring the position and velocity of a target, and calculating how weapons shall be aimed for combatting the measured target. For this purpose, the installation has to give information to weapons which can, at a distance, be grouped around it. Laying line wires for trans- . ferring information is time-consuming and therefore not always possible. Unbea ed radio transmission from the radar installation to all the weapons"is easy to provide, but the connection is sensitive to inten¬ tional disturbance or jamming. Beamed radio transmission of "the radio link type is more resistant to jamming, but if radio link equipment is to be added to the radar installation, the array of apparatus will be troublesomely large.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention, the measurement pulses of electromagnetic energy conventionally radiated from the radar installation shall, per se, carry the information to be transmitted between the radar installation and coacting weapons.
The radar installation is often a search radar with a rotating an- tenna, which is generally placed high up on a mast. The radiated pulses are very high-powered, for which reason the information can be received by fairly small receiver antennae and simple receivers. About 10% of the pulses ?sent from the radar are intended to be coded with the information which is to be transmitted.
In one development of the invention, information is sent from the radar installation to a receiver only when the radar antenna is direc¬ ted towards the appropriate receiver..- Other information is sent to another receiver when the radar antenna is directed towards this re ceiver. By this mode, each particular receiver gets just the trans¬ mitted information intended for it. This is possible, since the bear to each individual receiver is known at the radar installation, the bearings being measured when the radar installation and weapons are initially installed on their sites.
The invention is also applicable to a target tracking radar installa tion; a missile can be dispatched to follow the radar beam following the target, information being sent on said beam to the missile via th transmitted radar pulses.
The achievement with an installation in accordance with the inventio is that the information transfer between the installation and coacti receivers is given great resistance to intentional jamming. For sear radar, the possibility of grouping the whole of the coacting weapon system in a very short time is moreover obtained.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
An example of the radar installation in accordance with the inventio is described in the following, while referring to the accompanying Figures, where Fig 1 is a block diagram over the radar installation, Fig 2 illustrates grouping of the radar installation and coacting weapons, and Fig 3 illustrates modulation of a transmitted radar pul with information.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The exemplified radar installation in accordance with the invention comprises, as illustrated in Fig 1, a transmitter 1, a receiver 2, a transmit-receive switch 3 coupled between the transmitter and re- ceiver, and a transmit-receive antenna 4 connected to the switch 3. The said parts of the radar installation are made conventionally, e. they can form a Doppler radar, and are not regarded as requiring further description. A computer unit 5 is also connected to the re¬ ceiver 2, for calculating on the bases of the positions and velocities of discovered targets, the appropriate aiming of weapons, e.g. anti-aircraft guns, coacting with the radar installation. For transmitting calculated values for aiming the weapons, the computer unit 5 is linked with the radar installation transmitter 1.
As illustrated in Fig 2, the radar installation 11 is surrounded by a number of weapons, in this case five anti-aircraft guns 12-16. The bearing angle B, measured from a cardinal direction 17, is stored in the radar installation and its computer unit for each weapon.
In this case, a message for transmittance to a weapon consists of about 100 binary characters. The message includes data concerning aiming of the weapon and, inter alia, start, stop and synchronizing characters. The individual binary characters 0 and 1 are represented by separate phase directions of the alternating voltage in the radia¬ ted radar pulse in a manner which is shown in Fig 3. The dotted frame. indicates one complete radar pulse and the broken line above the frame indicates some of the binary characters of the message. Phase shifting is provided by a rapid digital phase shifter in the transmitter/ in¬ corporated in the low power side of the transmitter.
Every 10th radiated radar pulse is digitally coded with a message in the mode described.
Both the coded and uncoded pulses cause echoes when they strike a target. All the echoes received in the radar installation are used for measuring the distance, direction and velocity of .the target.

Claims

WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1 A radar installation for measuring target data by radiation of electromagnetic energy pulses, and reception of pulses reflected from a target, said installation being adapted for transmitting information calculated on the basis of measured target data, to an information receiver (12-16), remote from said installation (11),characterized in that said installation (11) is adapted for coding selected radiated pulses with information.
2 Radar installation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it is adapted for coding of the radiated radar pulses solely when the antenna of the installation is directed towards the receiver.
3 A radar installation as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said information comprises instructions..as to aiming weapons co¬ acting with the information receiver.
O PI
S WiPO
PCT/SE1979/000185 1978-09-12 1979-09-11 Radar installation WO1980000618A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7809551A SE421250C (en) 1978-09-12 1978-09-12 RADARANLEGGNING
SE7809551 1978-09-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1980000618A1 true WO1980000618A1 (en) 1980-04-03

Family

ID=20335793

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1979/000185 WO1980000618A1 (en) 1978-09-12 1979-09-11 Radar installation

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4458246A (en)
EP (1) EP0022783A1 (en)
JP (1) JPS55500635A (en)
IT (1) IT1123134B (en)
SE (1) SE421250C (en)
WO (1) WO1980000618A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1988002841A1 (en) * 1986-10-17 1988-04-21 Hughes Aircraft Company Weapon automatic alerting and cueing system

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4764769A (en) * 1983-10-19 1988-08-16 Vega Precision Laboratories, Inc. Position coded pulse communication system
US4733238A (en) * 1986-11-17 1988-03-22 Hughes Aircraft Company Method and system for radar compatible data communication
JP2005181193A (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-07-07 Tdk Corp Pulse-wave radar apparatus
US7545309B1 (en) 2005-11-03 2009-06-09 L-3 Communications, Corp. System and method for communicating low data rate information with a radar system
US7978610B1 (en) 2008-01-24 2011-07-12 L-3 Communications Corp. Method for asynchronous transmission of communication data between periodically blanked terminals
US8130680B1 (en) 2008-01-24 2012-03-06 L-3 Communications, Corp. Method for timing a pulsed communication system
US20100042350A1 (en) * 2008-08-12 2010-02-18 Certrite Llc Doppler radar gun certification system
US7849797B2 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-12-14 Raytheon Company Projectile with telemetry communication and proximity sensing
RU2560259C1 (en) * 2014-02-04 2015-08-20 Виктор Леонидович Семенов Method of homing of weapon and missile on target and device for its implementation
CN112042161B (en) * 2018-01-26 2023-09-26 加州理工学院 System and method for communicating by modulating data at zero
EP3867791A4 (en) * 2018-10-17 2022-07-13 VUBIQ Networks, Inc. Multimode millimeter wave rfid systems and methods thereof

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2542182A (en) * 1945-10-25 1951-02-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Combined radar and communication system
US2980903A (en) * 1948-03-19 1961-04-18 Goodyear Aircraft Corp Radar-command system of time coded pulses
GB1192957A (en) * 1966-11-18 1970-05-28 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Improvements in or relating to Guidance Systems
GB1480508A (en) * 1974-09-06 1977-07-20 Ferranti Ltd Missile guidance systems
US4093153A (en) * 1965-11-18 1978-06-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Ground-controlled guided-missile system

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3289204A (en) * 1964-04-16 1966-11-29 Darrell E Murray Combined miss-distance indicator and telemetry system
US3550124A (en) * 1968-10-21 1970-12-22 Sanders Associates Inc Radar-telemetry system
US3573823A (en) * 1969-09-03 1971-04-06 Us Army Method and apparatus for alerting remote personnel of aircraft, location and identification
DE2808545C2 (en) * 1978-02-28 1984-10-25 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Combined radar and communications equipment
DE2808544C2 (en) * 1978-02-28 1984-10-25 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Combined radar and communications equipment

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2542182A (en) * 1945-10-25 1951-02-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Combined radar and communication system
US2980903A (en) * 1948-03-19 1961-04-18 Goodyear Aircraft Corp Radar-command system of time coded pulses
US4093153A (en) * 1965-11-18 1978-06-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Ground-controlled guided-missile system
GB1192957A (en) * 1966-11-18 1970-05-28 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Improvements in or relating to Guidance Systems
GB1480508A (en) * 1974-09-06 1977-07-20 Ferranti Ltd Missile guidance systems

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1988002841A1 (en) * 1986-10-17 1988-04-21 Hughes Aircraft Company Weapon automatic alerting and cueing system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT7925647A0 (en) 1979-09-12
SE421250C (en) 1983-05-09
SE7809551L (en) 1980-03-13
JPS55500635A (en) 1980-09-11
SE421250B (en) 1981-12-07
IT1123134B (en) 1986-04-30
EP0022783A1 (en) 1981-01-28
US4458246A (en) 1984-07-03

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