USX7928I1 - Improvement in machines for reaping and cutting grain - Google Patents

Improvement in machines for reaping and cutting grain Download PDF

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Publication number
USX7928I1
USX7928I1 US X7928 I1 USX7928 I1 US X7928I1
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US
United States
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saw
inches
machine
platform
guards
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English (en)
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  • This machine consists ot' a frame, A, formed of two sills, four posts, mortised into the sills, and two short top rails parallel with the sills, with several cross-rails connecting the sills, posts, and toprails.
  • the sills extend several feet.
  • a platform, c extending on one side, which, for perspcuity, we will call the right side77 of the machine.
  • a single wheel or roller, d running on theground and raising the platform about nine inches from the ground. This platform moves horizoutallyand is about three feet wide.
  • the cuttingor reaping apparatus On the front edge ot'the'plattbrm is fixed the cuttingor reaping apparatus, which is constructed in the following manner: A series otiron spikes, c, which I will call guards, are fixed-permanently to the platform and eX- tend seven or eight inches (more or less) be.- yond the edge ot' the platform parallel to each other, horizontal, and pointingibrward. These guards are about three inches apart, ot' a suitable size-say threequarters of aninch square t (more or less) at ,the.base, and lesscning toward thepoint.
  • guards are formed ot a top 'and a bottom piece, joined at the point and near the, base, lying nearly parallel and about one-eighth of an inch apart, forming a horizontal mortise or slitthrough the guard.
  • mortises being on a line with each other, form a continued range of openings or slits through the guards.
  • the rst guard is placed on the rear of the right wheel and the last at the extreme end of the platform and the intermediate guards at equal distances from each other and three inches apart (more or less) from center to center.
  • the cutters'or saw fis formed of three triangular plates of steel, fastened to a straight tlat rod, g, of' steel, iron, or wood, one inch and a half wide. These steel plates are arranged side by side, forminga kind of saw, with teeth three inches at their base and four anda halt'inches long, more or less, sharp on both sides, and terminating nearly in a point.
  • the saw is then passed through all the guards in the aforesaid range of mortises, the size ot' the mortises being suited to receive the saw with the teeth pointing forward, observing always that the points ot' the sawteeth should correspond with the centers ot' the guards.
  • One end of the saw is connected with a pitman, h, which pit-man is moved by a crank, i, receivingits motion from the main axis by one or two sets of cog-wheels(
  • the vibration ot' the crank must be equal to the distances ofthe centers ofthe guards or the points of the sawteeth, or thereabout, so that when the machine is in motion the point of each saw-tooth may pass from center to center of the guards on each side of the same tooth at every vibration of the crank.
  • the main wheels are three feet four inches in diameter, they should in one revolution give the crank sixteen revolutions, more orless.
  • the saw-teeth should play clear ot the guards both -above and below.
  • the platform When the machine is extended to 'a large size the platform should be cut oli" between the right sill and the hrstguard and immediately behind the right wheel, and the two parts being secured together by hinges or otherwise and a small wheel placed under the extreme end of the platform to sustain its weight.
  • the guards In the operation ofthis machine the guardsform double bearers to assist the saw-teeth.
  • the wheel 'or roller d which sustains the back part of the machine, is hung in a traine and arranged in such manner as to operate on the principle of a common caster, capable of haria tixed permanently in such position as to alter the machine should it be t-'ound at any time to incline to the right or left while in use.
  • the power is given by locking the wheels to the main axis.
  • the machine has one square wheel-box, the other round and locked at pleasure, it' the power should be wanted.
  • One or two or more horses are attached and driven on the stubble before the machine, the right wheel running near the standing grain.
  • the platform with the saw on its front edge, extends on the right at right angles with the direction of the horses, with the guards and saw-teeth presented to the standing grain.
  • the saw moves forward ⁇ the saw moves with the teeth endwise and horizontal.
  • the grain or grasses are brought between the guards. rlhe saw-teeth, in passing hrough the guards, cut off the stalk whileheld both above and below the saw.
  • the butts ot' the grain receive an impulse forward by the motion of the machine while in the act ot' being cnt, which causes the heads ot' the vgrain to fall directly backward onto the platform.
  • the'platt'orm receives the grain until a sufficient quantity is collected to make one or lnore bundles, according to the pleasure of the operator. Then it is deprsited with a proper instrument by the operator, who may ride on the machine.
  • Thetbllowing are the dimensions ot' a machii'tesuit'ed for twohorses:
  • the sills, top rails, and cross-rails are three by tour inches square, ofoak; the post three.by-veinches, ot' oak.
  • the planks for the platform are one and a halt' inch thick, of good pine or other suitable material 'the platform ⁇ formed ot' two or more piece in width, secured together with battens.
  • the sills are about seven 'eetlong; rails about three and a half feet long.
  • the posts are framed about two feet'apart from outside to outside, and fr nn the under side of the sill to the top side of the top rail is about two feet three inches, and the whole, when con-A nected by the cross-rails, to be about -three ⁇ feet six inches wide from outside to outside of the sills. 'lhe back ends ot' the sills may extend about three feet seven inches in the rear oty the hind posts.
  • a spacef'ot' three feet, or thereabout, will be occupied by the platform, bringing the front edge ofthe platform seven inches behind the foot of' the rear post, so that the points ot' the saw-teeth may be nearly on a line with the back part ot' the posts.
  • rlhe main sha-ft maybe two inches in diameter, of wrought-iron. a'nd hung to the forward side of the posts, with journals titted to boxes bolted to the posts.
  • a spur-wheel, le about two feet in diameter, of cast-iron, which plays into a pinion, l,.ot ⁇ l six inches in diameter on a second shaft, m, which is hung on the top rails.
  • this second shaft is a bevel-wheel, n, of about sixteen inches in diameter, play ing into a pinion, 0, of about four inches diameter, on the crank-shaft p.
  • This shaft is at right angles with the second shaft and placed in an inclined position, so that the lower end of the shaft may turn in a step on such part of the platform as to admit.
  • the crank I nearly on a line with the back of the saw in order to admit a fair operation ot the pitman, and the upper end is so hung that it may be ungeared atpleasure.
  • the main :wheels Q may be made similar to coachfwheels,
  • the back ofthe saw maybe from one inch to one and a half inch wide and from three-sixteenths to one-quarter ot' an inch thick, and the steel plates for the teeth should be about one-tenth of-an inch thick.
  • One end ot' the mortise in the guard should be titted to receive the back ot' the saw,
  • a tongue may be fitted in the mortise S, similar to that of a wagon. These dimeusions may be varied to suit the conven ience of the constructer.
  • the guards formiugdouble bear rsabove and below Vthe saw, whereby. the cutting is made sure, whether with a sharp or a dull ed ge, the guards at the same time protecting the saw from rocks or stones or other large substances it may-meet with.

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