USRE6239E - Improvement in electro-magnetic fire-alarm telegraphs for cities - Google Patents

Improvement in electro-magnetic fire-alarm telegraphs for cities Download PDF

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Publication number
USRE6239E
USRE6239E US RE6239 E USRE6239 E US RE6239E
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
alarm
signal
circuit
station
stations
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English (en)
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William F. Chajming
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  • the object of the'America-n fire-alarm telegraph is to give an instantaneous and definite audible alarm, either general or local, in a city or town, in case 0t fire, and to designate the locality of the fire.
  • the object-of the signal-station is to indicate, by recorded or audible signals, the existence and locality of a fire in its neighborhood to the central station, and to other signal-stations.
  • the number of signal-stations in the fire-telegraph system should, therefore, be multiplied in proportion to the size of the city or town, in order to place one within a suitable distance of every house.
  • the object of the central station is to receive inturbanenceof the existence and locality of a fire from a signal-station in the neighborhood of a fire, and to give a corresponding audible public alarm, through the alarm and signal stations by means of machinery operated or controlled by telegraphic action or influence emanating from the central station.
  • the object of the alarm-station which is usually a belfry or bell-tower, is to-gi-ve public alarm by means of blows upon a bell struck by machinery, the action of which is controlled from-the central station by telegraph.
  • the function of the signal-circuit is to connect telegraphically one or more signal-stations with a central station, and with each other, or simply to connect signal-stations with each other, and to combine any or all of such stations into a signal system for signalizing alarms of fire.
  • the function of the alarmcircuit s'to connect telegraphically one or more alarm-stations with a central station, and with each other, so as to combine such stations into an alarm system for giving public alarm-sin case of fire.
  • Section A, Figure 1 represents the'appa' ratus of a signal-station.
  • h represents a bell or othersonorous piece of metal, whichis struck by a'hammer on the end of the armature f of the electro-magnet e.
  • g is a spring, which forces the armatnre-leverf back against the dividual teeth of the groups.
  • circuit-wheel b which is mounted on a shaft, 8, and turned or caused to rotate by means of the-crank a, either with or without the'intervention ofintel-mediate gearing.
  • circuit-wheel are represented two groups of teeth, which groups are separated from each other by spaces greater than the spaces which separate the in- One of these groups may, by the number ofits teeth, represent the number of the fire-district in which the signal-station is situated. Theother group may, by conventional agreement, represent the number of the signal-station itself in that district.
  • any equivalent or known form and arrangementof circuit-breaker and spring may be used, constructed, and arranged to produce the same effect.
  • the sign al-station consists of the signalizing apparatus described, which may be located in or, near an engine-house.
  • The-signal-circuit consists of electrical conductors extending betweenand passing through one or more signalstations, and usually through a central station'embra'eingnll, and uniting all, suc'hsignal-stations and the receiving instruments at such central stations into a systemof sign'aliZ- ing alarms of fire. It may consist, however, of conductors connecting and including, signalstations alone, without inclndinga central station, so that an alarm would be signalized from ouetolall the othersbymeansof thecircuit- Wheel in the station giving the alarm, and by means of the magnet and bells in all the oth ers.
  • the conductors of the signal-circuit consist usually of telegraphic wires suitably insulated. It is advisable to use duplicate wires, Fig. l, i t k k, following diflerent routes between all the stations, so as to lessen greatly the probability of interruption from accident or design.
  • the receiving apparatus at the central station consists, in general, of a galvanic battery, I, or other generator of electric currents, an electro-magnet, 0, with its armature hammer and spring p q, and a small hell, i", or its equivalent. If desirable, a .dot and-linefiegister or reeordin g instrumentniay be added in anyofthe well-known ways. There is also'a key, m m, which is conveniently used both to correspond with the signal-stations and also to indicate by the number of taps on the'keym m, and" by the corresponding action of the armatures and bells in the signal-stations, the number, of the signal station which originated the alarm.
  • m m which is conveniently used both to correspond with the signal-stations and also to indicate by the number of taps on the'keym m, and" by the corresponding action of the armatures and bells in the signal-stations, the number, of the signal station which originated the alarm.
  • the transmitting apparatus of the central' station consists in general of a galvanic battery, 0, section B or its equivalent, an automatic or other-apparatus, A fAB, for connecting at suitable times I and intervals the-.alarm-battery O-with'the wiresE E D I) of the alarm circuit or circuits..
  • a simple form of this apparatus maybe a crank, A, a circuit-wheel, A, and spring '13, the circuit-wheel having a number of teeth, A, corresponding with the number of the district to be indicatedon the bells, and these teeth, by the rotation of the wheel, coming into contact withspring B, and thereby connecting one pole of the bat tey G with the alarm-circuit --D I), the other pole of the battery 0 being already connected with the return part (so to-speak) E E of the alarm -circuit.
  • central stations may beus'ed instead of a single central station.
  • Central stations may also sometimes beconrcniently combined with an alarm-station.
  • the alarm-circnitcousists of electrical conductors extending between and including one or more alarmrstations and the transmitting instruments of the central station.
  • These conductors are usually duplicate and well, insulated telegraphic wires between the stations, as in thesignal-circuit already described, their object andeflect being to establishtelegraphic communications between the stations, and to conncctthe functions ofthe transmitting in-.
  • the conductors of .the alarmcircuit Fig. 1,-D D E E, are represented as connecting one alarm-station with the central station. If more than one alarm-station is included in the same alarm-circuit it will be understood that the conductors of the alarm-circuitwill connect not only the nearest alarmbe united at the central station, so as to con.
  • each circuit may include any desirable number" of alarmrstations, butthey still .constitute, iflcohnectcd with the central station, one alarm system, and a part or the whole of this system may be called into action at once, according as it is desired to give a partial or general alarm of fire in a city forthe better accomplishment of the purpose of municipal organization set forth.
  • the operator at the central station upon thus-"learning the existence and locality of the .tire, puts in motion the transmitting apparatus A A B, and thereby causes the bells at the alarm-station to indicate, by the number of their strokes, the localitywhence the alarm originates.
  • the operator may also tap on the key m m the number of the signal-station originating the alarm, and thereby repeat .the indications,
  • the firemen may thus be able at onceto take their engines, bythe nearest route, to the fire.
  • the conductors oi the American fire-alarm telegraph may be carried; duly insulated, on
  • the signal system herein described consisting of a series of signal-stations scattered at inter vals through a whole city or town, or any part thereof, and, telegraphically'connected with a common center or point, or with each'other, by one or more signal-circuits, by which means a constant communication may be established and maintained between all parts of a city or town, however exgtended, and with the center or centers at which the signal circuit or circuits-converge or meet,-so that the moment a fire occurs its existence and locality may at once be known at the center of the system, and efforts for sub- -duing it be properly directed.
  • the alarm system herein described consisting of a series of alarm-stations suitably distributed throughout a. whole city or town, or any part thereof, and telegraphically connected with a central station by one or more alarm circuits, by which means a public alarm of the existence and locality of the fire may be given at different points.

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