USRE35685E - Impact pad for a continuous caster tundish - Google Patents
Impact pad for a continuous caster tundish Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USRE35685E USRE35685E US08/347,975 US34797594A USRE35685E US RE35685 E USRE35685 E US RE35685E US 34797594 A US34797594 A US 34797594A US RE35685 E USRE35685 E US RE35685E
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- base
- sidewall
- undercut
- top surface
- extending
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/003—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with impact pads
Definitions
- This invention is directed to apparatus for reducing surface turbulence in a molten metal bath, and more particularly, to impact pads for controlling the fluid flow pattern of an incoming ladle stream for the purpose of reducing surface turbulence within a continuous caster tundish.
- Tundishes located between the ladle delivering liquid steel to the caster floor and the continuous caster mold, are large containers for holding a reservoir of liquid steel.
- the liquid steel is transferred from the ladle through a ladle shroud extending into the tundish, and the liquid steel is fed at a continuous or semicontinuous flow rate controlled by a stopper rod, or by a slide gate assembly.
- the ladle stream fluid flow surges upward, along such barriers, and causes excessive turbulence at the surface of the liquid steel bath.
- the excessive turbulence produced by the upward surge breaks up the tundish flux cover, and produces a downward surge around the ladle shroud.
- the broken flux cover allows the liquid steel to be exposed to the atmosphere which sets up conditions conducive to altering the chemistry of the steel bath.
- the chemical changes typically involve loss of aluminum from the bath and/or absorption of oxygen and nitrogen into the steel.
- the downward, shear flow of the liquid steel swirling around the ladle shroud entraps particles from the broken slag cover within the ladle stream.
- an impact pad having a base for receiving an incoming ladle stream, and one or more sidewalls extending in an upward direction along the periphery of the base.
- Each upward extending sidewall includes an inner surface having an undercut portion facing the incoming ladle stream.
- Each undercut portion extends along the length of the inner surface, and each undercut portion comprises a shaped surface for receiving and reversing the direction of a fluid flow generated by the incoming ladle stream.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-section view of a water flow-model study tundish having an asymmetrical fluid flow pattern.
- FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-section view taken along the lines 2--2 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3a is a plan view showing the preferred embodiment of the impact pad invention for use in a tundish having an asymmetrical ladle stream fluid flow pattern.
- FIG. 3b is a front perspective view taken along the line 3b--3b of FIG. 3a.
- FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-section view through a single strand caster tundish showing the preferred embodiment of the impact pad invention.
- FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-section view through a multiple strand "T" shaped tundish showing the preferred embodiment of the impact pad invention.
- FIG. 6a is a plan view showing an alternate embodiment of the impact pad invention for use in a tundish having an asymmetrical fluid flow pattern.
- FIG. 6b is a perspective view taken along the line 6b--6b of FIG. 6a.
- FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross-section view through the end wall portion of a tundish showing the alternate embodiment of the impact pad invention for use in a tundish having an asymmetrical fluid flow pattern.
- FIG. 8 is a longitudinal cross-section view through the end wall portion of a tundish showing a second alternate embodiment of the impact pad invention for use in a tundish having an asymmetrical fluid flow pattern.
- FIG. 9 is a front perspective view showing the preferred embodiment of the impact pad invention for use in a tundish having a symmetrical ladle stream fluid flow pattern.
- FIG. 10 is a longitudinal cross-section view through a multiple strand caster tundish showing the preferred impact pad invention for use with a symmetrical fluid flow pattern.
- FIG. 11 is a transverse cross-section view taken along the lines 11--11 of FIG. 10.
- the overall geometry of a continuous caster tundish is dictated by the location and number of strands within the casting machine.
- a rectangular, or a "Bathtub" shaped tundish is customarily used with a single strand caster, and a trough shaped tundish is generally used for a multiple strand caster.
- the location of the well blocks, and the tundish impact pad is also determined by the casting machine design.
- a tundish 11a for a single strand caster having a well block 12 at one end of the tundish, and an impact pad 13 positioned adjacent to the end wall 3 at the end opposite the well block.
- This tundish arrangement produces an asymmetrical fluid flow 9a within the reservoir of liquid steel 5.
- FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate a tundish 11c for a multiple strand caster.
- the tundish well blocks 12 are spaced apart along the length of the tundish floor 4, and the tundish impact pad 16 is located between adjacent well blocks 12. This tundish arrangement produces a symmetrical fluid flow shown at 9b.
- a variation of the multiple strand tundish comprises a "T" shaped reservoir shown as 11b in FIG. 5.
- Tundish 11b is comprised of two trough shaped reservoirs arranged perpendicular to each other. One end of the first trough shaped reservoir A, interects the second reservoir B. The opposite end portion of reservoir A includes an impact pad 13 adjacent end wall 3.
- the incoming ladle stream generates an asymmetrical fluid flow 9a, similar to the fluid flow shown in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a single strand tundish 11a having an asymmetrical fluid flow 9a.
- the ladle shroud 7 is shown adjacent end wall 3 opposite the well block 12. End wall 3 obstructs the fluid flow 9a, and the restricted forces cause an upward fluid flow surge along end wall 3.
- This upward flow follows a circular path 9c, and comprises an upward surge along the face of wall 3, and a downward flow around the ladle shroud 7.
- the upward surge of circular flow 9c causes excessive turbulence at the surface of the bath, breaks up a protective flux or slag cover 6, and exposes the liquid steel to the outside atmosphere, thereby creating conditions for possible uncontrolled chemical changes within the liquid steel bath.
- the downward flow around the ladle shroud generates shear and vortices and pulls broken particles 10, from the flux cover 6, down into the liquid steel bath, creating inclusions within the finished steel product.
- an impact pad 13 for use in a tundish having an asymmetrical fluid flow 9a, is shown located adjacent the end wall 3 of a tundish and positioned below the ladle shroud 7.
- the impact pad which is a refractory shape, includes a base 17 having an erosion resistant top surface for receiving the incoming ladle stream 8.
- Impact pad 13 further includes a sidewall 18 extending in an upward direction along the periphery of base 17. Sidewall 18 partially encircles the incoming ladle stream 8 providing an open side 23 along one edge of the impact pad adjacent well blocks 12.
- Sidewall 18 includes an inclined outer surface 19 contiguous with the tundish walls, a top surface 20 having a semi-circular or "C" shaped, serpentine edge partially encircling the ladle stream 8, and an inner surface 21 facing the incoming ladle stream.
- Sidewall 18 further includes a curvilinear undercut portion 22 having a shaped surface capable of reversing the direction of the fluid flow 9a.
- Undercut 22 extends along the length of the inner surface 21 below top surface 20, and undercut 22 has one end tangent to top surface 17' of base 17.
- the height "H" of the curvilinear undercut is ⁇ the inside diameter of the shroud delivering the liquid steel into the tundish.
- the incoming ladle stream 8 falls onto the base top surface 17', generates a radial asymmetrical fluid flow 9a, and emanates toward the impact pad sidewall 18.
- the reversed fluid flow forms an eddy current 9d, which is gradually disbursed along the open side 23, toward the well blocks 12 at the opposite end of the tundish.
- FIGS. 6a, 6b and 7, disclose an alternate impact pad embodiment for use in a tundish having an asymmetrical fluid flow 9a.
- the alternate impact pad 14 is shown adjacent a tundish end wall 3, and positioned below the ladle shroud 7 to receive the incoming ladle stream 8.
- the alternate impact pad embodiment comprises a refractory shape having a base 24, and a sidewall 25 extending in an upward direction along the periphery of base 24. Sidewall 25 partially encircles the incoming ladle stream 8 to provide an open side 26 along the edge of the impact pad adjacent well blocks 12.
- the impact pad sidewall 25 includes an inclined outer surface 27 contiguous with the tundish walls, a top surface 28 having a "C" shaped, serpentine edge partially encircling the ladle stream 8, and an inner surface 29 facing the incoming ladle stream.
- the inner surface 29, of sidewall 25, is sloped at an angle ⁇ in a downward direction from the serpentine edge, of top surface 28, toward the inclined outer surface 27 to provide a planar undercut 30.
- Angle ⁇ is between 45° and 75°, and the planar undercut portion 30 extends along the length of the inner surface 29 below top surface 28.
- the height "H" of the planar undercut is ⁇ the inside diameter of the shroud delivering the liquid steel into the tundish.
- the reversed fluid flow forms an eddy current 9d, which is gradually disbursed along the open side 26, toward the well blocks 12 at the opposite end of the tundish.
- Impact pad 15 is positioned adjacent tundish end wall 3 and below ladle shroud 7 to receive the incoming ladle stream 8.
- Impact pad 15 comprises a base having a top surface 31 sloped in a downward direction from the tundish end wall 3 toward the tundish floor 4.
- Impact pad 15 further includes a pad sidewall 32 extending in an upward direction along the periphery of the base. Sidewall 32 partially encircles the incoming ladle stream 8, and includes an inner surface having a planar undercut surface 33 similar to undercut 30, sloped in a downward direction at angle ⁇ between 45° and 75°.
- FIGS. 9-11 illustrate the preferred embodiment of the impact pad invention for use in a continuous casting tundish having a symmetrical ladle stream fluid flow 9b.
- Impact pad 16 comprises a base 34 having an erosion resistant top surface 34', sidewalls 35 and 36 extending along opposite edges of base 34, and two open ends 41 located between the opposed pad sidewalls 35 and 36.
- Pad sidewalls 35 and 36 extend in an upward direction from their respective opposite base edge portions, and each pad sidewall, 35 and 36, includes an inclined outer surface 37 contiguous with a tundish wail, a top surface 38, and an inner surface 39 facing the incoming ladle stream.
- Each pad sidewall 35 and 36 further includes a curvilinear undercut portion 40 having a shaped surface capable of reversing the direction of the fluid flow 9d generated by the incoming ladle stream 8.
- Each undercut 40 extends along the length of inner surface 39 below top surface 38, and each undercut 40 has one end tangent to top surface 34' of base 34.
- the inclined outer surface 37 of sidewalls 35 and 36 are positioned adjacent the tundish sidewalls 2.
- the incoming ladle stream 8 falls onto the base top surface 34', generates a radial symmetrical fluid flow, and emanates toward the impact pad sidewalls 35 and 36.
- the curvilinear undercut 40 extending along each inside surface 39 of sidewalls 35 and 36, captures the fluid flow within their shaped surface, and forces the fluid flow into a reversed direction back toward the incoming ladle stream.
- the reversed fluid flow forms eddy currents 9d, which are gradually disbursed along the open ends 41, toward the well blocks 12 spaced apart along the length of the tundish floor.
- impact pad 16 has been shown to comprise a curvilinear undercut 40, it should be understood that the undercut portion could just as well comprise a sloped planar undercut as disclosed in FIGS. 6a-8.
- FIG. 10 shows only two well blocks, it should be understood that a casting machine for casting more than two continuous strands would require more than two well blocks spaced apart along the length of the tundish floor.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (30)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/347,975 USRE35685E (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1994-12-01 | Impact pad for a continuous caster tundish |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/832,520 US5169591A (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1992-02-07 | Impact pad for a continuous caster tundish |
US08/347,975 USRE35685E (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1994-12-01 | Impact pad for a continuous caster tundish |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/832,520 Reissue US5169591A (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1992-02-07 | Impact pad for a continuous caster tundish |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
USRE35685E true USRE35685E (en) | 1997-12-09 |
Family
ID=25261886
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/832,520 Ceased US5169591A (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1992-02-07 | Impact pad for a continuous caster tundish |
US08/347,975 Expired - Lifetime USRE35685E (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1994-12-01 | Impact pad for a continuous caster tundish |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/832,520 Ceased US5169591A (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1992-02-07 | Impact pad for a continuous caster tundish |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US5169591A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2082459C (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5861121A (en) * | 1996-11-21 | 1999-01-19 | Psc Technologies, Inc. | Chamber for reception, Lateral division and redirection of liquid metal flow |
US6554167B1 (en) | 2001-06-29 | 2003-04-29 | North American Refractories Co. | Impact pad |
US6929775B2 (en) | 2002-09-04 | 2005-08-16 | Magneco/Metrel, Inc. | Tundish impact pad |
US7004227B2 (en) | 2001-05-22 | 2006-02-28 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Impact pad for dividing and distributing liquid metal flow |
US20070132162A1 (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2007-06-14 | North American Refractories Co. | Impact pad for metallurgical vessels |
US20090050285A1 (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2009-02-26 | North American Refractories Company | Impact pad |
US20090152308A1 (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-06-18 | Harrison Steel Castings Co. | Turbulence Inhibiting Impact Well for Submerged Shroud or Sprue Poured Castings |
EP2769785A1 (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2014-08-27 | Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG | Refractory impact pad |
US9308581B2 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2016-04-12 | ArceloMittal Investigacion y Desarrollo, S.L. | Impact pad, tundish and apparatus including the impact pad, and method of using same |
Families Citing this family (40)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5358551A (en) * | 1993-11-16 | 1994-10-25 | Ccpi, Inc. | Turbulence inhibiting tundish and impact pad and method of using |
CN1069243C (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 2001-08-08 | 福塞科国际有限公司 | Tundish impact pad |
US5518153A (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 1996-05-21 | Foseco International Limited | Tundish impact pad |
US5551672A (en) * | 1995-01-13 | 1996-09-03 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Apparatus for controlling molten metal flow in a tundish to enhance inclusion float out from a molten metal bath |
JP3398154B2 (en) * | 1995-01-26 | 2003-04-21 | フォセコ、インターナショナル、リミテッド | Tundish |
GB9517633D0 (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 1995-11-01 | Foseco Int | Tundish impact pad |
US5597528A (en) * | 1995-08-31 | 1997-01-28 | A.P. Green Industries, Inc. | Impact pad |
US5662823A (en) * | 1996-01-04 | 1997-09-02 | A. P. Green Industries, Inc. | Impact pad |
GB9607556D0 (en) * | 1996-04-11 | 1996-06-12 | Foseco Int | Tundish impact pad |
US6102260A (en) * | 1996-11-21 | 2000-08-15 | Psc Technologies, Inc. | Impact pad |
FR2756761B1 (en) * | 1996-12-11 | 1999-01-08 | Ugine Savoie Sa | SUPPLY TANK INTENDED TO RETAIN MELTED METAL AND IN PARTICULAR STEEL |
DE19726540C2 (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 2002-11-28 | Gft Ges Fuer Feuerfest Technik | impact absorber |
US6083453A (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 2000-07-04 | Uss/Kobe Steel Company | Tundish having fume collection provisions |
GB9816458D0 (en) * | 1998-07-29 | 1998-09-23 | Foseco Int | Tundish impact pad |
GB9913241D0 (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 1999-08-04 | Foseco Int | Impact pad for tundish |
US6516870B1 (en) * | 2000-05-15 | 2003-02-11 | National Steel Corporation | Tundish fluxing process |
KR100584749B1 (en) * | 2001-12-22 | 2006-05-30 | 주식회사 포스코 | A tundish |
DE10202537C1 (en) * | 2002-01-24 | 2003-01-23 | Intocast Ag Feuerfestprodukte | Metallurgical vessel used as a tundish having a determined baffle head comprises a plate-like base having an inner chamber formed on the base with a wall |
ZA200206261B (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2003-04-07 | Foseco Int | Metallurgical impact pad. |
DE10257395A1 (en) * | 2002-12-06 | 2004-06-24 | Weerulin Feuerfeste Produkte Gmbh & Co. Kg | Tundish fabricated of incombustible material has perforated steel cover protecting surrounding holding vessel from the impact of incoming molten metal |
ITMI20031356A1 (en) * | 2003-07-02 | 2005-01-03 | Danieli Off Mecc | CRYSTALLIZER MOLTENING METAL FEEDER. |
DE102006005723A1 (en) * | 2006-02-08 | 2007-08-16 | Purmetall Gmbh & Co. Kg | Injection pot for receiving a flowing out of a casting ladle metallic melt |
DE102006005724B3 (en) * | 2006-02-08 | 2007-05-31 | Purmetall Gmbh & Co. Kg | Casting pot for molten metal from casting pan has sector of side wall made with aperture passing into stepped bath connecting to outside wall of pot |
EP1955794B1 (en) | 2007-02-08 | 2012-02-01 | Berthold Stilkerieg | Tundish with impact pad for avoiding splash and rotative swivel |
DE102007060140A1 (en) | 2007-02-08 | 2008-08-14 | Stilkerieg, Berthold, Dipl.-Ing. | Steel tundish has inclined baffle insert and rims with angled outer laminar overflow margins |
DE202007009179U1 (en) | 2007-06-29 | 2008-11-06 | Purmetall Gesellschaft für Stahlveredelung GmbH u. Co Betriebskommanditgesellschaft | Ingot for receiving a flowing out of a ladle metallic melt |
EP2047928A1 (en) | 2007-10-08 | 2009-04-15 | Foseco International Limited | Metallurgic impact pad |
DE102008005731A1 (en) | 2008-01-23 | 2009-07-30 | Stilkerieg, Berthold, Dipl.-Ing. | Mounting body for distributing vessel useful in steel industry for preventing spray appearance in the area of the distributing vessel, comprises rectangular or circular collecting body arranged on tundish bottom in impact zone of steel jet |
BRPI1002628A2 (en) | 2010-07-27 | 2012-03-27 | Magnesita Refratarios S A | turbulence reducer for use in continuous casting steel distributors |
CN101972840A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-02-16 | 中冶连铸技术工程股份有限公司 | Billet continuous casting machine and tundish thereof |
KR101867645B1 (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2018-06-15 | 베수비우스 유에스에이 코포레이션 | Impact pad |
EP2537609A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2012-12-26 | Calderys Ukraine Ltd. | Metal-flow impact pad and diffuser for tundish |
RU2477197C1 (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-03-10 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Министерство промышленности и торговли Российской Федерации (Минпромторг России) | Steel teeming pony ladle with chambers for liquid metal plasma heating |
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CN103252465B (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2015-07-29 | 东北大学 | A kind of turbulence inhibitor for asymmetric continuous casting production |
RU2644095C2 (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-02-07 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" | Tundish for steel continuous casting |
TWI739877B (en) | 2016-08-08 | 2021-09-21 | 美商維蘇威美國公司 | Impact pad and method for reducing the effects of misalignment of an impinging stream of molten steel entering a refractory vessel |
MX2020006559A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2020-09-24 | Vesuvius Usa Corp | Configured tundish. |
RU2691473C1 (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-06-14 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Грозненский государственный нефтяной технический университет имени акад. М.Д. Миллионщикова" | Continuous steel casting method |
RU2712206C1 (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2020-01-24 | Сергей Касимович Вильданов | Method of filling with refractory material outlet channel of steel casting ladle |
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1992
- 1992-02-07 US US07/832,520 patent/US5169591A/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-11-09 CA CA002082459A patent/CA2082459C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-12-01 US US08/347,975 patent/USRE35685E/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US7004227B2 (en) | 2001-05-22 | 2006-02-28 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Impact pad for dividing and distributing liquid metal flow |
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US6929775B2 (en) | 2002-09-04 | 2005-08-16 | Magneco/Metrel, Inc. | Tundish impact pad |
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US8066935B2 (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2011-11-29 | The Harrison Steel Castings Company | Turbulence inhibiting impact well for submerged shroud or sprue poured castings |
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US8383032B2 (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2013-02-26 | Harrison Steel Castings Company | Turbulence inhibiting impact well for submerged shroud or sprue poured castings |
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US9308581B2 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2016-04-12 | ArceloMittal Investigacion y Desarrollo, S.L. | Impact pad, tundish and apparatus including the impact pad, and method of using same |
US9643248B2 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2017-05-09 | Arcelormittal Investigacion Y Desarrollo, S.L. | Impact pad, tundish and apparatus including the impact pad, and method of using same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2082459A1 (en) | 1993-08-08 |
CA2082459C (en) | 1995-10-10 |
US5169591A (en) | 1992-12-08 |
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