USRE30635E - Method of producing internally coated glass tubes for the drawing of fibre optic light conductors - Google Patents
Method of producing internally coated glass tubes for the drawing of fibre optic light conductors Download PDFInfo
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- USRE30635E USRE30635E US06/079,847 US7984779A USRE30635E US RE30635 E USRE30635 E US RE30635E US 7984779 A US7984779 A US 7984779A US RE30635 E USRE30635 E US RE30635E
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- iadd
- iaddend
- gas mixture
- internally coated
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910003910 SiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorogermane Chemical compound Cl[Ge](Cl)(Cl)Cl IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- ZMKAVICCBWPNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-G aluminum;tetrachlorotitanium;trichloride Chemical compound [Al+3].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ti+4] ZMKAVICCBWPNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-G 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910006113 GeCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 229910018404 Al2 O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
- C03B37/018—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD] by glass deposition on a glass substrate, e.g. by inside-, modified-, plasma-, or plasma modified- chemical vapour deposition [ICVD, MCVD, PCVD, PMCVD], i.e. by thin layer coating on the inside or outside of a glass tube or on a glass rod
- C03B37/01807—Reactant delivery systems, e.g. reactant deposition burners
- C03B37/01815—Reactant deposition burners or deposition heating means
- C03B37/01823—Plasma deposition burners or heating means
- C03B37/0183—Plasma deposition burners or heating means for plasma within a tube substrate
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing internally coated glass tubes, consisting of a core and a jacket of glasses which have a mutually different refractive index, by means of a reactive deposition of the coating from a gas mixture which is passed through the tube and which is brought to reaction in the tube.
- the tubes produced in this manner are heated to a temperature which is suitable for drawing and thereafter drawn to such an extent that the diameter is reduced until the coating is brought to coincidence and a light conductor of the required diameter is obtained.
- Light conductors consist of a light-conducting core which is embedded in a jacket of a lower refractive index.
- the core may, for example, consist of quartz glass which has been doped with a few percent of a metal oxide which increases the refractive index and the jacket of undoped quartz glass.
- the tube may consist of non-doped quartz glass.
- a uniform relative motion in .Iadd.an .Iaddend.axial direction may be caused between the tube and a high frequency pulse which envelopes the tube .[.a.]..Iadd..
- a .Iaddend.uniform distribution of the deposit is enhanced by the fact that the tube is rotated during the coating procedure.
- this object is realized by means of a method which is characterized in that in the tube a non-isothermal plasma zone is produced for the activation of the reactive deposition while a relative motion is caused between the tube and the equipment which produces the plasma, and a temperature zone in which the tube is heated to such a temperature that the deposited coatings are stress-free is superimposed on the plasma zone and that deposition takes place at a pressure of between 1 and 100 Torr.
- non-isothermal plasma is understood to mean a zone in which the kinetic energy of the gas particles is small compared with the energy of the excited electronic states.
- dissociated and ionised particles are available, which are favourable for the reaction and promote it.
- the method according to the invention also enables the direct reactive deposition on a quartz wire or quartz rod which is arranged inside the tube.
- deposition rates of from 2500 ⁇ m/hour can be attained.
- the method according to the invention makes it .[.therefore.]. possible .Iadd.therefore, .Iaddend.to obtain in an economic way a uniform deposition over long tube lengths.
- a heating up of the tube (temperature zone) of greater length is superimposed on the plasma zone.
- the temperature shall then not be chosen that high that a homogeneous gas reaction could take place, but it must at least be chosen that high that the deposited coatings are stress-free.
- Heating of the tube to a temperature of between 800° C. and 1200° C., for example in the GeCl 4 /oxygen system, does not or to only a small extent affect the deposition rate.
- the consistency of the deposited coating is favourably influenced on the one hand because, at the chosen temperatures the mobility of the deposited matter is still sufficient to obtain a stress-free coat and on the other hand because the embedding of gaseous reaction products is avoided.
- the plasma may be produced in any way, known in the art, for example by the inductive or capacitive coupling of a high frequency field or in a microwave resonator.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a device for performing the method according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows the attenuation of a fibre optic light conductor drawn from a tube produced according to the invention.
- a tube 1, for example made of quartz is moved to a heating device 2, for example an electric heating coil in the direction indicated by arrows.
- the heating device 2 is enveloped by a resonator 3 by means of which a plasma 4 can be produced in the gas mixture passed through the quartz tube 1.
- a coating 5 is directly formed on the inner wall of the tube 1.
- the deposition of non-doped SiO 2 The deposition of non-doped SiO 2 .
- the mixture consisted of 7 volume % SiCl 4 and 93 volume % oxygen.
- the pressure in tube 1 was 12 Torr.
- the wall temperature was kept at 1000° C.
- the tube 1 was passed at a speed of 0.17 cm per minute through the device, formed by heating device 2 having a length of 500 mm and resonator 3 having a length of 30 mm, while a plasma 4 was produced by a 2.45 GHz generator.
- a mixture of 0.4 volume % AlCl 3 , 4 volume % SiCl 4 and .Badd.95.6 volume % oxygen was passed through the quartz tube at a throughput of 42 scm 3 per minute (length and diameter as in Example I).
- the pressure in the tube 1 was 15 Torr.
- the wall temperature of the tube 1 was kept at 950° C.
- a plasma 4 as in Example I was produced. (Power 180 W, frequency 2.45 GHz).
- the reaction efficiency was approximately 100%.
- the tube was passed through the device 2-3 at a speed of 60 cm per minute while the resonator 3 was moved forward and backward along the tube 1.
- a homogeneous, adhering coat 5 was obtained.
- the total thickness of the coating was 150 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 2 shows the total attenuation in dB per km as a function of the wavelength in micrometer of a fiber optic light conductor which was obtained by drawing at 1900° C. of an internally coated tube according to Example II.
- the core diameter was 25 ⁇ m and the fiber diameter was 100 ⁇ m.
- the difference in the refractive indexes were approximately 5 o/oo.
- a coating profile which has a certain refractive index in proportion to the doping can be obtained as shown above at a progressive change of the doping share.
- a suitable profile is chosen the tube forms in an ideal manner a basic product for the production of monomode, multimode and self-focussing fiber optics.
- Dopant-forming compounds which may be used in the method according to the invention are, for example, GeCl 4 , TiCl 4 , and AlCl 3 which oxidize to form the dopants GeO 2 , TiO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 , respectively.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
In the reactive deposition of the core material from a gas which is passed through the tube onto the inner wall of the tube by means of a plasma zone, while a relative motion is effected in the axial direction between the tube and a plasma-producing device, the rate of precipitation is increased without impairing the quality of the core material coat, the reactive deposition being effected at a pressure of from 1 to 100 Torr and a temperature zone being superimposed on the plasma zone.
Description
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 610,570, filed Sept. 5, 1975, now abandoned.
The invention relates to a method for producing internally coated glass tubes, consisting of a core and a jacket of glasses which have a mutually different refractive index, by means of a reactive deposition of the coating from a gas mixture which is passed through the tube and which is brought to reaction in the tube.
The tubes produced in this manner are heated to a temperature which is suitable for drawing and thereafter drawn to such an extent that the diameter is reduced until the coating is brought to coincidence and a light conductor of the required diameter is obtained.
Light conductors consist of a light-conducting core which is embedded in a jacket of a lower refractive index. The core may, for example, consist of quartz glass which has been doped with a few percent of a metal oxide which increases the refractive index and the jacket of undoped quartz glass.
For the doping of the core glass TiO2, GeO2 and Al2 O3 may, for example, be used. In the so-called self-focussing fibre optic light conductors a parabolic change in the refractive index across the radius is obtained by means of a continuous change in the grades of doping. According to a known method such internally coated quartz glass tubes are produced in which gaseous SiCl4 and oxygen or a mixture of SiCl4, TiCl4 and oxygen are passed through a tube brought there to reaction in the gas phase by means of high frequency energization and probably precipitated at least partly as a soot-like glass coat, which must thereafter be melted or sintered. There is a danger that gases are trapped which later on might form light-scattering centers. The heat treatment makes the formation of a doping profile as required for self-focussing fibre optic light conductors difficult, owing to blurring due to diffusion.
The tube may consist of non-doped quartz glass. In this method a uniform relative motion in .Iadd.an .Iaddend.axial direction may be caused between the tube and a high frequency pulse which envelopes the tube .[.a.]..Iadd.. A .Iaddend.uniform distribution of the deposit is enhanced by the fact that the tube is rotated during the coating procedure.
It is an object of the invention to provide a method of the aforementioned kind in which the rate of deposition is relatively large, in which coatings of a good quality are obtained and .[.that.]. .Iadd.in which .Iaddend.the deposition is not the result of a homogeneous reaction in the gas phase but of a heterogeneous reaction on the wall. According to the invention this object is realized by means of a method which is characterized in that in the tube a non-isothermal plasma zone is produced for the activation of the reactive deposition while a relative motion is caused between the tube and the equipment which produces the plasma, and a temperature zone in which the tube is heated to such a temperature that the deposited coatings are stress-free is superimposed on the plasma zone and that deposition takes place at a pressure of between 1 and 100 Torr.
In this respect a non-isothermal plasma is understood to mean a zone in which the kinetic energy of the gas particles is small compared with the energy of the excited electronic states. In spite of the low translational energy, many dissociated and ionised particles are available, which are favourable for the reaction and promote it.
With the method according to the invention well-adhering, crackfree or substantially crackfree coatings are formed on the tube wall. This is probably explained by the fact that in the method according to the invention the precipitation of the doped quartz glass takes .Iadd.place .Iaddend.mainly .[.place.]. on the tube wall and no or practically no soot-like particles are formed in the gas atmosphere. However it appeared that at pressures over 100 Torr the non-isothermal plasma gradually changes into an isothermal plasma and that the reactive deposition also takes place in gas while glass soot is formed.
The method according to the invention also enables the direct reactive deposition on a quartz wire or quartz rod which is arranged inside the tube.
With the method according to the invention deposition rates of from 2500 μm/hour can be attained. The method according to the invention makes it .[.therefore.]. possible .Iadd.therefore, .Iaddend.to obtain in an economic way a uniform deposition over long tube lengths.
In the method according to the invention a heating up of the tube (temperature zone) of greater length is superimposed on the plasma zone. The temperature shall then not be chosen that high that a homogeneous gas reaction could take place, but it must at least be chosen that high that the deposited coatings are stress-free. Heating of the tube to a temperature of between 800° C. and 1200° C., for example in the GeCl4 /oxygen system, does not or to only a small extent affect the deposition rate. In the temperature zone the consistency of the deposited coating is favourably influenced on the one hand because, at the chosen temperatures the mobility of the deposited matter is still sufficient to obtain a stress-free coat and on the other hand because the embedding of gaseous reaction products is avoided.
At temperatures which are too low, in general below 800° C. gases such as chlorine produced during the reaction may be trapped. At temperatures over 1200° C. reaction in the gas phase .Iadd.also .Iaddend.takes .[.also.]. place while soot-like particles are formed at the same time.
The plasma may be produced in any way, known in the art, for example by the inductive or capacitive coupling of a high frequency field or in a microwave resonator.
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawing and the following examples.
In the drawing
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a device for performing the method according to the invention;
FIG. 2 shows the attenuation of a fibre optic light conductor drawn from a tube produced according to the invention.
A tube 1, for example made of quartz is moved to a heating device 2, for example an electric heating coil in the direction indicated by arrows. The heating device 2 is enveloped by a resonator 3 by means of which a plasma 4 can be produced in the gas mixture passed through the quartz tube 1.
In the reactive deposition a coating 5 is directly formed on the inner wall of the tube 1.
The deposition of non-doped SiO2. A gas mixture consisting of SiCl4 and oxygen was passed through a quartz tube 1 (length 150 cm, outer diameter=8 mm, inner diameter=6 mm) at a throughput of 545 cm3 /minute. The mixture consisted of 7 volume % SiCl4 and 93 volume % oxygen. The pressure in tube 1 was 12 Torr. The wall temperature was kept at 1000° C. The tube 1 was passed at a speed of 0.17 cm per minute through the device, formed by heating device 2 having a length of 500 mm and resonator 3 having a length of 30 mm, while a plasma 4 was produced by a 2.45 GHz generator. An SiO2 coating having a thickness of 130 μm was formed directly on the tube wall. A gas phase reaction together with the formation of soot-like particles did not take place. The reaction efficiency in the plasma 4 is then almost 100%. The coating formed adheres well and is homogeneous. The gas mixture was measured in scm3 (standard cubic centimeters). 1 scm3 is one cm3 of the gas, where P=760 mm and T=0° C.
The deposition of an SiO2 -coat doped with GeO2. A mixture of SiCl4 and oxygen, consisting of 4 volume % SiCl4 and 96 volume % oxygen was used to which increasing linearly with time, GeCl4 was added until the content of GeCl4 was 0.4% by volume. The pressure was 10 Torr. The wall temperature was kept at 960° C. The throughput was 40 scm3 /minute and the duration of the test was 2 hrs. A well-adhering SiO2 coat doped with GeO2 was obtained. The coating consisted of 940 single layers of an increasing GeO2 content .Iadd.toward a central axis of the tube.Iaddend.. The resonator 3 was moved forward and backward along the tube in this test at 60 cm/min.
A mixture of 0.4 volume % AlCl3, 4 volume % SiCl4 and .Badd.95.6 volume % oxygen was passed through the quartz tube at a throughput of 42 scm3 per minute (length and diameter as in Example I). The pressure in the tube 1 was 15 Torr. The wall temperature of the tube 1 was kept at 950° C. A plasma 4 as in Example I was produced. (Power 180 W, frequency 2.45 GHz). The reaction efficiency was approximately 100%. The tube was passed through the device 2-3 at a speed of 60 cm per minute while the resonator 3 was moved forward and backward along the tube 1. A homogeneous, adhering coat 5 was obtained. The total thickness of the coating was 150 μm.
FIG. 2 shows the total attenuation in dB per km as a function of the wavelength in micrometer of a fiber optic light conductor which was obtained by drawing at 1900° C. of an internally coated tube according to Example II. The core diameter was 25 μm and the fiber diameter was 100 μm. The difference in the refractive indexes were approximately 5 o/oo.
By means of the method according to the invention a coating profile which has a certain refractive index in proportion to the doping can be obtained as shown above at a progressive change of the doping share. When a suitable profile is chosen the tube forms in an ideal manner a basic product for the production of monomode, multimode and self-focussing fiber optics.
.Iadd.Dopant-forming compounds which may be used in the method according to the invention are, for example, GeCl4, TiCl4, and AlCl3 which oxidize to form the dopants GeO2, TiO2, and Al2 O3, respectively.
Claims (8)
1. A method of producing internally coated glass tubes for drawing fiber optic light conductors which consists of a core and a jacket of glasses which have a mutually different refractive index, comprising the steps of introducing into a glass tube surrounded by a resonator a reactive gas mixture consisting of SiCl4 and oxygen at a pressure of about 1 to 100 Torr, adding GeCl4 to the gas mixture moving the tube relative to the resonator to form .[.a.]. non-isothermal plasma zone within the tube, and heating the tube to a temperature between 800° C.-1200° C. to form a coating free of soot-like particles and consisting of a plurality of layers of SiO2 doped with an increasing content of GeO2.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the gas mixture consists of about 96% by volume of oxygen and 4% by volume of SiCl4.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2 wherein up to 0.4% by volume of germanium tetrachloride (GeCl4) is added to the reactive gas mixture. .Iadd.
4. A method of producing internally coated glass tubes, for drawing fibre-optic light conductors which consist of a core and a jacket of glasses which have a mutually different refractive index, comprising the steps of introducing into a glass tube surrounded by a resonator a reactive gas mixture comprising SiCl4 and oxygen at a pressure of about 1 to 100 Torr, moving the tube relative to the resonator 2 and heating the tube to a temperature between 800° C.-1200° C. while activating the resonator to form a nonisothermal plasma zone within the tube, whereby a coating free of soot-like particles and consisting of a plurality of layers of SiO2 is formed. .Iaddend. .Iadd.5. A method of producing internally coated glass tubes, as claimed in claim 4, further comprising the step of adding a dopant-forming compound to the gas mixture. .Iaddend. .Iadd.6. A method of producing internally coated glass tubes, as claimed in claim 5, wherein the dopant-forming compound is one or more compounds from the group consisting of TiCl4 AlCl3, and GeCl4. .Iaddend. .Iadd.7. A method of producing internally coated glass tubes, as claimed in claim 5 or 6 wherein the dopant-forming compound is added to the gas mixture at a constant rate. .Iaddend.
.Iadd. A method of producing internally coated glass tubes, as claimed in claim 9, wherein the dopant-forming compound is added to the gas
mixture at an increasing rate. .Iaddend. .Iadd.9. A method of producing internally coated glass tubes, as claimed in claim 5 or 6 wherein the dopant-forming compound is added to the gas mixture at a varying rate. .Iaddend. .Iadd.10. A method of producing internally coated glass tubes, as claimed in claim 9, wherein the dopant-forming compound is added to the
gas mixture at a decreasing rate. .Iaddend. .Iadd.11. A method of producing internally coated glass tubes, as claimed in claim 9, wherein the dopant-forming compound is added to the gas mixture at a rate which will produce a coating whose index of refraction increases toward a central axis of the tube. .Iaddend. .Iadd.12. A method of producing coatings on walls of glass comprising the steps of:
contacting at least a portion of the wall of the glass with a mixture of a gaseous glass-forming compound and gaseous oxygen at a pressure of about 1 to 100 Torr;
forming a plasma zone in the gas mixture in contact with the glass wall portion;
heating the glass wall portion, to a temperature which is above the temperature necessary to produce substantially stress-free coating layers on the heated tube wall portion but which is below the temperature at which there is substantial reaction of the mixture in the gas phase, to produce a nonisothermal plasma zone; and
thereby causing a heterogeneous reaction to occur on the glass wall resulting in the deposit on the glass wall of a glass coating. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.13. A method as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that the glass wall is in the form of a tube and further comprising the step of causing relative movement between the plasma zone and the tube. .Iaddend. .Iadd.14. A method as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that the coating and the gas mixture are on the inside of the tube, and the glass-forming compound is a silicon tetrahalide. .Iaddend. .Iadd.15. A method as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that the tube is heated to a temperature which is not greater than 1200° C. and not below 800° C. .Iaddend. .Iadd.16. A method as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that the plasma is formed by means of a high frequency field or a microware resonator. .Iaddend. .Iadd.17. A method as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that a dopant-forming compound is added to the gas mixture. .Iaddend. .Iadd.18. A method of producing a fiber-optic light conductor comprising the steps of:
producing an internally coated glass tube as claimed in claim 17; and
drawing the internally coated glass tube to form a a fiber-optic light conductor. .Iaddend.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2444100 | 1974-09-14 | ||
DE2444100A DE2444100C3 (en) | 1974-09-14 | 1974-09-14 | Process for the production of internally coated glass tubes for drawing optical fibers |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US61057075A Continuation | 1974-09-14 | 1975-09-05 | |
US05/852,068 Reissue US4145456A (en) | 1974-09-14 | 1977-11-16 | Method of producing internally coated glass tubes for the drawing of fibre optic light conductors |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
USRE30635E true USRE30635E (en) | 1981-06-02 |
Family
ID=5925814
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/079,847 Expired - Lifetime USRE30635E (en) | 1974-09-14 | 1979-09-28 | Method of producing internally coated glass tubes for the drawing of fibre optic light conductors |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | USRE30635E (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5651138B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2444100C3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2284572A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1519994A (en) |
Cited By (39)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0117009A1 (en) | 1983-02-22 | 1984-08-29 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method of making a solid preform for drawing optical fibres |
EP0129291A1 (en) * | 1983-06-15 | 1984-12-27 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method of and device for manufacturing optical fibres |
EP0132011A2 (en) * | 1983-07-16 | 1985-01-23 | Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH | Process for producing fibre light guides |
FR2584101A1 (en) * | 1985-06-26 | 1987-01-02 | Comp Generale Electricite | Device for manufacturing an optical component with a refractive index gradient |
EP0270157A1 (en) * | 1986-11-17 | 1988-06-08 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Apparatus for coating the inside of a tube with glass |
EP0295745A2 (en) * | 1987-06-16 | 1988-12-21 | Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH | Method for making optical fibers |
DE3720029A1 (en) * | 1987-06-16 | 1988-12-29 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Process for the production of optical fibres |
US5133794A (en) * | 1987-06-16 | 1992-07-28 | U.S. Philips Corp. | Method of manufacturing optical fibres |
US5188648A (en) * | 1985-07-20 | 1993-02-23 | U.S. Philips Corp. | Method of manufacturing optical fibres |
NL1018951C2 (en) * | 2001-09-13 | 2003-03-14 | Draka Fibre Technology Bv | Method for manufacturing a rod-shaped molding as well as a method for manufacturing optical fibers from such a rod-shaped molding. |
US6574994B2 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2003-06-10 | Corning Incorporated | Method of manufacturing multi-segmented optical fiber and preform |
US20030118305A1 (en) * | 2001-02-17 | 2003-06-26 | Reed William Alfred | Grin fiber lenses |
US20040115377A1 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2004-06-17 | Ronghua Wei | Tubular structures with coated interior surfaces |
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JPS51119237A (en) * | 1975-04-11 | 1976-10-19 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Manufacturing method of glass fiber for optical communication |
JPS599490B2 (en) * | 1975-04-16 | 1984-03-02 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Method for manufacturing optical fiber |
DE2642949C3 (en) * | 1976-09-24 | 1980-11-20 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | Process for the production of internally coated glass tubes for drawing optical fibers |
CA1080562A (en) * | 1977-02-10 | 1980-07-01 | Frederick D. King | Method of and apparatus for manufacturing an optical fibre with plasma activated deposition in a tube |
GB1603949A (en) * | 1978-05-30 | 1981-12-02 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Plasma deposit |
DE2950446A1 (en) * | 1978-08-18 | 1980-12-04 | Western Electric Co | The fabrication of optical fibers utilizing thermophoretic deposition of glass precursor particulates |
DE2929166A1 (en) * | 1979-07-19 | 1981-01-29 | Philips Patentverwaltung | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF OPTICAL FIBERS |
DE3027450C2 (en) * | 1980-07-19 | 1982-06-03 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Process for the inner coating of a glass substrate tube for the production of a glass fiber light guide |
JPS6245298Y2 (en) * | 1981-05-27 | 1987-12-03 | ||
NL8103648A (en) * | 1981-08-03 | 1983-03-01 | Philips Nv | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING FORMS FOR DRAWING OPTICAL FIBERS AND FORMS ACCORDING TO THIS METHOD AND FOR APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING OPTICAL FIBERS |
NL8201453A (en) * | 1982-04-06 | 1983-11-01 | Philips Nv | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING OPTICAL FIBERS |
DE3222189A1 (en) * | 1982-06-12 | 1984-01-26 | Hans Dr.Rer.Nat. 5370 Kall Beerwald | Plasma process for coating the interior of tubes with dielectric material |
DE3330910A1 (en) * | 1983-08-27 | 1985-03-07 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A REACTION TUBE FOR CRYSTAL GROWING PURPOSES |
US4718929A (en) * | 1983-10-21 | 1988-01-12 | Corning Glass Works | Vapor phase method for making metal halide glasses |
GB8414878D0 (en) * | 1984-06-11 | 1984-07-18 | Gen Electric Co Plc | Integrated optical waveguides |
DE3626276A1 (en) * | 1986-08-02 | 1988-02-18 | Rheydt Kabelwerk Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING PREFORMS FOR LIGHT GUIDE FIBERS |
DE4203369C2 (en) * | 1992-02-06 | 1994-08-11 | Ceramoptec Gmbh | Method and device for producing preforms for optical fibers |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1519994A (en) | 1978-08-02 |
FR2284572A1 (en) | 1976-04-09 |
DE2444100B2 (en) | 1978-08-10 |
FR2284572B1 (en) | 1979-04-13 |
JPS5154446A (en) | 1976-05-13 |
DE2444100A1 (en) | 1976-03-25 |
DE2444100C3 (en) | 1979-04-12 |
JPS5651138B2 (en) | 1981-12-03 |
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Legal Events
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PLASMA OPTICAL FIBRE B.V., NETHERLANDS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:U.S. PHILIPS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:009207/0784 Effective date: 19980430 |