USRE14738E - constantjnesco - Google Patents

constantjnesco Download PDF

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Publication number
USRE14738E
USRE14738E US RE14738 E USRE14738 E US RE14738E
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
column
generator
power
hydraulic
Prior art date
Application number
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English (en)
Inventor
G. Constantinesco
Original Assignee
B
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  • the present invention relates to hydraulic. transmission, and particularly to longy distance transmission, of power.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus which allows the hy-y draulic transmission of power to very great dlstances, or which allows periodic displacei l"ment oi'l considerable volunies of liquid fin the pipes, without occasioni g excessive rises of pressure, and with thev least possible loss of power.
  • the invention consists Ibroadly in the use of hydraulic condensers to counteract the effect of inertia in liquid columns, the convdensers being placed in a pipe or pipes between a generator and a receiver.
  • the invention also consists in means for transmitting energy by means of a series of pressure variations, producing small eriodic changes of pressure and volume -t rou-ghouta liquid column, wherebyl energy is transmitted through the liquid in a manner analogous to that in which electric waves are propagated through space.
  • the invention further consists in arranging in the connection between' a generator and receiver a hydraulic condenser, consist-V ing of an elastic body divdingthe column of liquid between the genertrfandjthe rece1ver. v v
  • the invention also consists in the use of a hydraulic transformensuch, for instance, as a differential piston between the generator and the receiver.
  • the invention further consists inthe use of an additional inertia device, such, for instance, as a weighted piston situated between.
  • the invention also consists in the appara.-V tus for hydraulic Atransmission of power hereinafter described.
  • the objects of the condenser and of the additional inertia devices of the applicants invention are to render possible anvapparatus in which the inertia and elasticity are such that the natural time period of vibrations of the liquid and other masses'contained between the generator' and the receiver vibrating under its own elasticity, is the same as the period of the periodic impulses which are impressed on the liquid column by the pistons of the generator. It will lbe 'seen that if these twotime periods are equal, when once the system has been started vibrating, no further work will have to be done by the generator beyond that which is taken up by the receiver, the inertia of the liquid being counteracted by the capacity of the condenser. The only loss of energy is caused lby friction. v This is exactly analogous to the transmission kof power by electric waves, and the same mat-he-n'iatical considerations apply to the two cases.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view, showing a generator and devices usedl in connection therewith.
  • Fig. 2 is a similar view of a modified arrangement.
  • Fi'g. 3 is a vertical section through the generator shown in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 is a section in a plane at right angles to Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional plan of the generator on the line 5 5, Fig ⁇ 3.
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional plan on the line 6, 6, Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view, showing methods of arranging condensers and inertia devices.
  • Figs. 8 and ⁇ 9 show respectively a condenser and an inertia device between two liquid columns.
  • Fig. 10 shows a simple form of condenser
  • Figs. 11 and 12 show modified forms.
  • Fig. 13 shows a combined transformer, inertla device and condenser.
  • the generator a comprises two' reciproca-ting pistons bb, caused to reciprocate by rotating cams or eccentrics c, or other suitable means.
  • the pistons work in two chambers (l d, each' of which is connected by a length of piping e, 'to the receiver, which in this case will also have two pistons similar to those in the generator transmitting power in any suitable manner to the desired utilizer.
  • each pipe there is also situated a chamber Ii.,A divided by an elastic diaphragm 7c, which acts as a condenser.
  • the motion of the liquid into the chamber on the generator side causes a movement of the membrane c, whose elasticity causes it to return and the membrane can thus be made to counteract the inertia of the column of liquid in the pipe.
  • a hydraulic condenser of the kind described above. arranged in the liquidcolulnn acts on the vibrations of the liquid column so as to annul the inertia of the column and it is advisable to regulate the elasticity and the length of the pipe and period of the pulsations so asto completely nel ltralize the high pressures which would arise owing to inertia of the column.
  • the auxiliary inertia device consisting of a weighted piston may be varied so as to obtain complete neutralization of the effect due to the inertia of the liquid column and th'e elasticity of the condenser. paratus it is possible to obtain a periodic movement in the hydraulic column in which the natural period of the column with its condenser and additional inert-ia device is substantiallyA the same as the period of the impulses given by the generator which depend on the speed with which it is run. In this manner the loss of power in transmission may be reduced to a minimum., the only losses being the losses due to the friction in the pipes.
  • Fig. 2 three liquid columns may he employed between the generatOr and receiver.
  • the generator 1, see Figs. 3 to 6, in this case may consist ot six cylinders 2, having reciprocating piston-s 3.
  • the condensers 8 may if desired be placed with one side of each 'connecting to each of the pi-pes 39, 40, 41, leading to the three pipes 4, to which are connected one or more receivers.
  • the other side of the -condensers may be connected to a common point 42, as shown inFig. 7, or if desired, the conf densers 8 may be placed across branch pipes 43, 44, 45, leading from the pipes 4, as also shown in Fig.f7.
  • Inertia devices ⁇ 9 may bev arranged in a similar manner across branch .pipes 46, 47, 48, as also vshown on Fig. 7.
  • a receiver 50 is also shown diaipes 4. It will be seen that various modigcations ofthe invention may be madeaccording to the most suitable method of transmitting thepower in different circumstances. Fur'- shown in Figs. 8 and 9.
  • condensers are used of av chamber 15', having within'it an elastic diaphragmI 116.5 'A piston 11, may be used instead of the diaph however, acted upon by suitable springs 12, which tend tov keep it in a mean position, see Fig. 11, or if desired, anY
  • transformer and inertia device may be combined as shown 'at Fig. 13, if desired.
  • power can be transmitted for a vaneither "high or 'low powers can be trans-v mitted, such, for" instance, as -quiredto run machinery from a istance, or
  • owers re low powers, such as might'be' used in the vtransmission of sound through pipes containing liquid.
  • A This is effected by causin s oundiwaveswhich are to bex-transmitte toact through a diaphrav vice on one end of a liqiii column, the diaor suitable de- ⁇ phragm thus taking the-place of the piston of the generator, the sound producing device acting itself as the generator -of power. It will be seenthat there will-thus be impressed on ⁇ the liquid column a series of periodic preure variations, which are transmitted along the column in exactly the same manner as the periodic variations where higher powers for performing work are transmitted.
  • a system of transmitting energy comprising: a container for a liquid column, means acting on said liquid column to-produce variations, that travel along the liquid column, in the pressure and volume Aof it, and means responsive to said variations in pressure and volume for utilizing the .energy produced by said variations;
  • a system of transmitting energy' comprising@ a Vcontainer for a liquid column, means actin on said liquid column ,to prise'periodic variations, that travel a ong the liquid column, in -the pressure and vol. ume 015 it, and means responsive to said periodic variations in pressure and volume for utilizing the energy produced by said periodic variations.
  • a system of transmitting energy comprising: a container for a liquid column, means acting on the liquid column for uti- ',lizing the elasticity of theliquid to produce prising: a container for a liquid column,
  • a system of transmitting energy comprising: a container for a liquid column, vibrating means for ⁇ impressing on the liquid at yone point of the column a series vof periodic impulses to produce periodic changes, that travel a'lon'g the liquid column, in the pressure and volume of it, means ⁇ responsive to such periodic changes in pressure and volume for utilizing at another point of the liquid column the energy pro- .l prised by such periodic changes, and another vibrating means associated witl said container for counteracting the effect of inertia'in the liquid column, .the-movements v i ofthe first mentioned vibrating means.
  • a system of transmitting energy comprising: a container for a liquid column,
  • Means for transmitting power comprising: a container for a column of liquid, power means acting against the liquid column to impart an impulse thereto, work means responsive to an impulse in the coluin-n of liquid, and a vibrating member constructed and arranged as and for -the purposes setj forth and interposed in the liquid column between the power and the work means whereby an impulse may be received and transmitted in both directions by the liquid in contact with opposite sides of the vibrating member.
  • Means for transmitting power comprising: a container for a column of liquid, power means acting against the liquid column 'to impart lan impulse thereto, work means responsive to an impulse vin the column of liquid, and a vibrating member constructed and arranged as and for the purposes set forth and interposed in the liquid colunm between the power and the work means whereby an impulse may be received and transmitted alternately in opposite directions by the liquid in contact with OPPO site sides of the vibrating member.
  • MeansA for transmitting power com-- prising: a container for a column of liquid, vibrating'power means acting against the liquid, work means responsive to power transmitted through theliquid column, and a' vibrating member constructed and arranged as and for the purposes set forth and interposed. in the liquid column between the power and the work means whereby the liquid will be in contact with opposite sides of the vibrating member, the frequency of the movements of said member being synchronous with those of the power means'.
  • a hydraulic condenser comprising in i combination, a chamber, a solid body elastically supported in both directions dividing said chamber, passages for liquid connected to said chamber on both sides of said 12.
  • Apparatus for the hydraulic trans' mission of power comprising in combination, a generator, a receiver, a pipe connecting sai generator and said receiver, and a hydraulic'condenser connected in said pipe, as set forth'.
  • Apparatus for lthe hydraulic transmission of power comprising in combination, a generator, a receiver, a pipe connecting said generator and said receiver, a hydraulic condenser connected in said pipe, and an additional inertia device connected in said pipe, as set forth.
  • Apparatus for the hydraulic transmission of power comprising in combination, a generator, a receiver, a pipe connecting said generator and said receiver, a hydraulic condenser connected in said pipe, an additional inertia device connected in said pipe, said generator being adapted to produce periodic pressure variations in said pipe, and said hydraulic condenser and additional inertia device being so proportioned that the period of natural oscillation in the system is equal to the period of the expressed pressure variations', as set forth.
  • Apparatus for the hydraulic transmission of power comprising in combination, a
  • Apparatus for the hydraulic transmisy sion of power comprising in combination ⁇ a generator, including three chambers, reciprocating pistons in said chambers, a receiver including three chambers and reciprocating pistons in said chambers, three pipes, each connectingl one of said chambers. in said generator to one of said chambers in said receiver, hydraulic condensers connected in said pipes, inertia devices inserted in said pipes. lthe whole ysystem being filled with liquid, as set forth.
  • Apparatus for the hydraulic transmission of power comprising in combination,
  • a generator including three chambers, reciprocating pistons in said chambers, a receiver. including ⁇ three chambers and reciprocating pistons in saidv chambers, three pipes, -each connecting one of said chambers in said generator to one of said chambers in said receiver, hydraulic condensers connectedin said pipes. transformers inserted in said pipes, the whole system being filled with liquid, as set forth'. c
  • Apparatus for the hydraulic transmission of power comprising in combination, a generator, including three pairs of cham- 1433's l d B.

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