USPP8270P - Almond tree (Savana) - Google Patents
Almond tree (Savana) Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP8270P USPP8270P US07/840,772 US84077292V US8270P US PP8270 P USPP8270 P US PP8270P US 84077292 V US84077292 V US 84077292V US 8270 P US8270 P US 8270P
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- nuts
- kernels
- color
- size
- almond
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 235000011437 Amygdalus communis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 235000020224 almond Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 241000220304 Prunus dulcis Species 0.000 title claims abstract 3
- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000144725 Amygdalus communis Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000167854 Bourreria succulenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000018633 Prunus armeniaca Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009827 Prunus armeniaca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006029 Prunus persica var nucipersica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000017714 Prunus persica var. nucipersica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008998 Texas almond Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019606 astringent taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000023753 dehiscence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033458 reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/54—Leguminosae or Fabaceae, e.g. soybean, alfalfa or peanut
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/08—Fruits
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of almond tree, which has been denominated varietally as "Savana”.
- the present variety was selected in 1982 by use in a cultivated area of our experimental orchard at Bradford Farms near Le Grand, Calif., in Merced County (San Joaquin Valley).
- This hybrid seedling resulted from using Nonpareil Almond (unpatented) as the selected seed parent and an unnamed late blooming almond seedling as the selected pollen parent.
- Subsequent to origination of the present variety of almond tree we asexually reproduced it by budding and grafting, and such reproduction of plant and nut characteristics were true to the original plant in all respects.
- the tree of the present variety is most similar to that of its seed parent, the Nonpareil, by being moderately vigorous and spreading, but is very distinguished therefrom by blooming two weeks later.
- the nuts produced by the present variety are also similar to the Nonpareil nuts by having kernels that are large in size, light in color, and flat in shape, but are distinguished therefrom by maturing two weeks later, by having a tightly closed inner shell to protect the kernels from insects, and by having thin hulls that are easily removed from the inshell nuts and/or kernels by mechanical airlegs during processing.
- the blooming period of the present variety is one week later but the harvest period is two weeks earlier.
- the accompanying color photograph exhibits nuts in hull, exposed hulls, nuts out of hull, kernels out of shell, and leaves, all typical of the instant variety.
- Color--Dorsal Surface Dark olive green [126. d.0lG].
- Ventral Surface Moderate olive green [125. m.0lG].
- Petiole.--Average Length 9/16" 14.3 mm.]. Average Thickness: 1/16" [1.6 mm.].
- Dorsal Color Moderate yellow green [120. m.YG].
- Ventral Color Light yellow green [119.l.YG].
- Type.--Self-sterile must be cross pollinated by other late blooming varieties.
- Average thickness 1/16" [1.6 mm] when dry.
- Flesh Tough, but brittle when dry.
- Hulls are easily removed from nuts by mechanical hullers.
- Hulls are relatively light and readily removed from inshell nuts and kernels by mechanical airlegs during hulling and shelling processes.
- Wing Thin, tapered toward base.
- Base Slightly oblique, shouldered on one side, rounded on the other.
- Flavor Bland to slightly sweet.
- Susceptibility to frost No unusual susceptibility noted, but the exposure duration is shorter than most varieties due to the late onset of blooming.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to an almond tree and more particularly to a new and distinct variety broadly characterized by a medium size, moderately vigorous, spreading, hardy, very late blooming, very productive, and regular bearing tree whose nuts mature under the ecological conditions described approximately the second week in September. The nuts have thin hulls and are very well sealed to protect kernels that are uniformly large in size, light in color, and flat in shape.
Description
In a continuing effort to improve the quality of shipping fruits and nuts, we, the inventors, typically hybridize a large number of nectarine, peach, plum, apricot, cherry, and almond seedlings each year. The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of almond tree, which has been denominated varietally as "Savana". The present variety was selected in 1982 by use in a cultivated area of our experimental orchard at Bradford Farms near Le Grand, Calif., in Merced County (San Joaquin Valley). This hybrid seedling resulted from using Nonpareil Almond (unpatented) as the selected seed parent and an unnamed late blooming almond seedling as the selected pollen parent. Subsequent to origination of the present variety of almond tree, we asexually reproduced it by budding and grafting, and such reproduction of plant and nut characteristics were true to the original plant in all respects.
The tree of the present variety is most similar to that of its seed parent, the Nonpareil, by being moderately vigorous and spreading, but is very distinguished therefrom by blooming two weeks later. The nuts produced by the present variety are also similar to the Nonpareil nuts by having kernels that are large in size, light in color, and flat in shape, but are distinguished therefrom by maturing two weeks later, by having a tightly closed inner shell to protect the kernels from insects, and by having thin hulls that are easily removed from the inshell nuts and/or kernels by mechanical airlegs during processing.
In comparison to the Texas Almond (unpatented) variety, the blooming period of the present variety is one week later but the harvest period is two weeks earlier.
The accompanying color photograph exhibits nuts in hull, exposed hulls, nuts out of hull, kernels out of shell, and leaves, all typical of the instant variety.
Referring now more specifically to the pomological characteristics of this new and distinct variety of almond tree, the following has been observed under the ecological conditions prevailing near LeGrand, Merced County (San Joaquin Valley), California, and was developed at the harvest stage on Sep. 15, 1991. All major color code designations are by reference to the Inter-Society Color Council, National Bureau of Standards. Common color names are also used occasionally.
Size: Medium.
Vigor: Medium.
Growth: Spreading and open.
Form: Vase formed.
Hardiness: Hardy.
Production: Very productive.
Bearing: Regular bearer.
Trunk:
Size.--Medium.
Texture.--Shaggy.
Bark color.--Brownish gray [64. brGy].
Lenticles.--Numerous. Color: Light Brown[57. l.Br]. Average Size: 5/16" [7.9 mm].
Branches:
Size.--Medium.
Texture.--Smooth.
Color.--1st Year Wood: Moderate yellow green [120. m.YG]. Older Wood: Moderate yellowish brown [77. m.yBr].
Lenticels.--Numerous, very small.
Leaves:
Size.--Medium. Average length: 37/8" [98.4 mm.]. Average width: 1 5/16" [33.3 mm.].
Thickness.--Medium.
Form.--Lanceolate.
Apex. --Acuminate.
Base.--Acute.
Surface.--Smooth.
Color--Dorsal Surface: Dark olive green [126. d.0lG]. Ventral Surface: Moderate olive green [125. m.0lG].
Margin.--Serrate.
Venation.--Pinnately net veined.
Petiole.--Average Length: 9/16" 14.3 mm.]. Average Thickness: 1/16" [1.6 mm.]. Dorsal Color: Moderate yellow green [120. m.YG]. Ventral Color: Light yellow green [119.l.YG].
Stipules.--Few. Average Length: 3/16" [4.8 mm.].
Glands.--Numbers: Mostly 2 or 3 per leaf. Position: Mostly alternately positioned on petiole and base of blade. Size: Small. Form: Globose. Color: Light yellow green [119. l.YG].
Flower buds:
Hardiness.--Hardy.
Size.--Medium.
Length.--Medium.
Form.--Free.
Surface.--Pubescent.
Flowers:
Blooming period.--Approximately 2 weeks later than Nonpareil.
Blooming duration.--Medium.
Type.--Self-sterile, must be cross pollinated by other late blooming varieties.
Amount of bloom.--Heavy.
Size.--Large.
Color.--white [263. White].
Outer surface: Smooth, Pubescent.
Form: Uniform, symmetrical.
Longitudinal section form.--Oval.
Average thickness: 1/16" [1.6 mm] when dry.
Flesh: Tough, but brittle when dry.
Suture: A sharp crack prior to splitting.
External color: Grayish greenish yellow [105. gy.gY].
Dehiscence: Opens freely.
Splitting: Complete along suture.
Adherence: Hulls are easily removed from nuts by mechanical hullers.
Density: Hulls are relatively light and readily removed from inshell nuts and kernels by mechanical airlegs during hulling and shelling processes.
Nut cavity: Oval
Surface.--Rough.
Color when first opened.--Pale yellow green [121. p.YG.].
Color when dry.--Light orange yellow [70.l.OY].
Size:
Average length.--11/4" [31.8 mm.].
Average width.--3/4" [19.1 mm.].
Average thickness.--9/16" [14.3 mm.].
Average weight.--14.7 nuts per ounce [1.9 grams per nut].
Form: Oval.
Shell:
Color.--Light yellowish brown [76.l.yBr].
Average wall thickness.--1/16" [1.6 mm.].
Pits.--Small, numerous.
Outer shell.--Crumbling.
Inner shell.--Thin, brittle, well sealed.
Base: Straight.
Apex: Acute.
Stem: Medium.
Average length.--1/4" [6.4 mm.].
Average diameter.--3/16" [4.8 mm.].
Wing: Thin, tapered toward base.
Average protrusions.--1/8" [3.2 mm.].
Inner surface: Smooth.
Color.--Light yellowish brown [76.l.yBr].
Size: Medium to large.
Average length.--1" [25.4 mm.].
Average width.--1/2" [12.7 mm.].
Average thickness.--5/16" [7.9 mm.].
Average weight.--23.9 nuts per ounce [1.2 grams per nut].
Form: Uniform, symmetrical.
Longitudinal section form.--Oblong.
Transverse section form.--Elliptically flattened.
Base: Slightly oblique, shouldered on one side, rounded on the other.
Apex: Acute.
Surface: Slightly wrinkled, slightly pubescent.
Pellicle color.--Moderate orange yellow [71. m.OY].
Veins.--Numerous deep yellowish brown [75. deep yBr] veins extending longitudinally from the base to the apex with some branching.
Number of doubles: Very few on most years.
Number of defective kernels: Very few on most years.
Flavor: Bland to slightly sweet.
Astringency: None.
Quality: Very good.
Viable: Yes.
Blanchable: Yes.
Percentage of kernel to nut: 61.6%.
Resistance to insects: Much more resistant to kernel insect damage than Nonpareil due to its very well sealed inner shell.
Susceptibility to budfailure: Observance of budfailure has occurred, but these incidents have been rare.
Resistance to other diseases: No unusual susceptibilities noted.
Susceptibility to frost: No unusual susceptibility noted, but the exposure duration is shorter than most varieties due to the late onset of blooming.
Although the new variety of almond tree possesses the described characteristics under the ecological conditions at Le Grand, Calif., in the central part of the San Joaquin Valley, it is to be expected that variations in these characteristics may occur when farmed in areas with different climatic conditions, different soil types, and/or varying cultural practices.
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct variety of almond tree, substantially as illustrated and described, which is most similar to its seed parent, the Nonpareil (unpatented), by being moderately vigorous and spreading in growth and by producing large, flat, light colored kernels, but is distinguished therefrom and an improvement thereon by appearing to be a heavier and more consistent producer, by blooming and maturing two weeks later, by producing nuts that have tightly closed inner shells to protect the kernels from insects, and by having thin hulls that are easily removed from the inshell nuts and kernels by mechanical airlegs during processing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/840,772 USPP8270P (en) | 1992-02-24 | 1992-02-24 | Almond tree (Savana) |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/840,772 USPP8270P (en) | 1992-02-24 | 1992-02-24 | Almond tree (Savana) |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USPP8270P true USPP8270P (en) | 1993-06-22 |
Family
ID=25283191
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/840,772 Expired - Lifetime USPP8270P (en) | 1992-02-24 | 1992-02-24 | Almond tree (Savana) |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USPP8270P (en) |
-
1992
- 1992-02-24 US US07/840,772 patent/USPP8270P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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