USPP36840P3 - Strawberry plant named ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ - Google Patents

Abstract

‘Fukushima ST14Go’ is a new vigorous strawberry variety having an upright growth habit that can withstand cold temperatures. ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ has large, strong yellowish red, conical fruit having pale pink flesh.

Description

Genus and species: The strawberry plant of this invention is botanically known as Fragaria ananassa L.

Variety denomination: The variety denomination is ‘Fukushima ST14Go’.

BACKGROUND

‘Fukushima ST14Go’ arose from a cross between maternal variety ‘Kaorino’ and paternal variety ‘Tochiotome’ performed in Koriyama city, Fukushima prefecture, Japan in 2012. The plant was first asexually reproduced in Koriyama city, Fukushima prefecture by runners. ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ was selected from 162 individuals in 2014. The characteristics of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ are stable over subsequent asexual reproduction by runners.

Field tests were conducted in six locations (Date City, Sukagawa City (2 locations), Kagamiishi Machi, Tanagura Machi, and Iwaki City) in 2018; four locations (Sukagawa City (2 locations), Aizuwakamatsu City and Iwaki City) in 2019, three locations (Aizuwakamatsu City, Okuma Machi, and Iwaki City) in 2020 and seven locations (Date City, Tanagura Machi, Aizuwakamatsu City (2 locations), Soma City, Okuma Machi, and Iwaki City) in 2021.

BRIEF SUMMARY

‘Fukushima ST14Go’ is maintained by asexual propagation by runners in Fukushima, Japan. ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ has an upright growth habit; and large, strong yellowish red, conical fruit that has pale pink flesh. The type of bearing is non-remontant. ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ can be distinguished from parent varieties ‘Kaorino’ (unpatented) and ‘Tochiotome’ (unpatented) as shown in Table 1. ‘Tochiotome’ is a close comparison variety.

Colors are designated with reference to The Royal Horticultural Society (R.H.S.) Colour Chart, 1995.

TABLE 1
Comparison of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ to Parental Cultivars.

		Characteristic	Characteristic
Name of		of	of Variety
Similar		Similar	of
Variety	Characteristics	Variety	Application
‘Kaorino’	Plant: vigor	moderately	strong
	relative intensity	strong	darker than
	of color of upper		‘Kaorino’
	side of leaf
	Fruit: color of core	White 155B	Light Red 33C
‘Tochiotome’	Plant: growth habit	semi-upright	upright
	Fruit: color	Brilliant red	strong
		45A	Yellowish
			Red 44A
	Fruit: position	deep below	level with
	of achenes	surface	surface

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The colors in the photograph are depicted as nearly true as is reasonably possible to obtain in color reproductions of this type. The photographs were obtained from plants of less than one year of age. Seedlings were started in July, planted in September and grown until April.

FIG. 1 depicts plants of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ grown in a glass greenhouse in Fukushima, Japan.

FIG. 2 shows exterior and interior of representative fruit of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’.

FIG. 3 depicts plants of comparison variety ‘Tochiotome’ grown in a glass greenhouse in Fukushima, Japan.

FIG. 4 shows exterior and interior of representative fruit of comparison variety ‘Tochiotome’.

FIG. 5 shows exterior and interior of representative fruit of comparison variety ‘Kaorino’.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Characteristics of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’

The plant growth habit is upright. The plant diameter is 38.2 cm. The plant vigor is strong and is maintained without lighting even in the severe cold period (Table 2). The generation of side buds is rare and the fruit cluster is slightly long and hard to break, so the work efficiency is excellent.

The fruit shape is conical, and the fruit color is strong yellowish red (FIG. 1 , Table 7). Fruit are long and narrow, which is the same as ‘Tochiotome’. The following characteristics of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ fruit are also the same as ‘Tochiotome’: ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ exhibits medium adhesion of calyx to fruit; the position of the calyx in relation to the fruit is flat; and the color uniformity is weak. The stalk length of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ is 25.9 cm compared to 21.9 cm for ‘Tochiotome’.

‘Fukushima ST14Go’ has 4.5 stolons compared to 3.9 stolons for ‘Tochiotome’. Stolon length is 60.9 cm and the diameter is 2.1 mm. Stolon color is Greyed-Purple 185A

‘Fukushima ST14Go’ has the following foliage characteristics compared to ‘Tochiotome’. The length is 7.2 cm compared to 6.0 cm for ‘Tochiotome’; the length and width of apical lobes is 1.28 compared to 1.24 for ‘Tochiotome’; and the leaf area is 107.2 cm² compared to 82.0 cm² for ‘Tochiotome’. The basal shape, acute, is the same as ‘Tochiotome’. Both cultivars have medium surface roughness as determined on a transverse section of the leaf and strong surface gloss on the upper surface of the leaf. Both also have serration of the tip; and a transverse section shape that is curved upward. The third unfolded leaf has a diameter of 19.4 cm and a width of 5.6 cm. Serration of the tip is medium. There are 3 leaflets. The number of teeth on the terminal leaflet is 19. The upper surface of the leaf is Green 137A and the lower surface is Green 139D.

Petioles are 9.1 cm compared to 5.6 cm for ‘Tochiotome’. The petiole diameter of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ is 3.6 mm and the color is Yellow green 144C. The petiolule is 1.3 cm in length with a diameter of 3.0 mm. The color is Yellow-green 144C.

There are 2 stipules. Stipule length is 1.9 cm and 1.2 mm. The color is Green 137A

Flowers of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ have 5 petals and are of medium diameter, both of which are the same as ‘Tochiotome’.

The root development for ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ was generally increased compared to ‘Tochiotome’. When seedlings were placed in water for three weeks, the number of roots for ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ was 13.9 compared to 12.9 for ‘Tochiotome’; the maximum root length was 5.1 cm for ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ compared to 4.4 cm for ‘Tochiotome’; and the roots of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ were finer than those of ‘Tochiotome’.

Harvesting starts early and yields are high by the end of the year. The percentage of large fruits is high and there are few malformed fruits. The taste is good, the sugar content is high, and skin firmness is high (Tables 4 to 7).

Evaluation in Field Tests

Field tests provided the following additional characteristics. The plant vigor was maintained even in the severe cold period (common). Yields were high (Sukagawa). The taste was good with little variation in taste from season to season. Damage was not noticeable after harvest. The tail fruit of each fruit cluster appeared small.

In view of the vigor of the variety, it is expected that ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ can be cultivated throughout the Fukushima prefecture as well as corresponding areas that have similar cold periods.

The development of clusters may be delayed after the second cluster is harvested. The top fruit is large, but bottom fruit tends to become smaller.

‘Fukushima ST14Go’ has moderate to weak resistance to Antrhacnose and weak resistance to chlorosis. Pest control can be carried out in the same manner as the practice for ‘Tochiotome’.

Fruit hardiness and pulp hardness decreased more than that of ‘Tochiotome’ 2 and 4 days after harvest, and post-harvest storability was inferior to that of ‘Tochiotome’. In Japan, shipping is possible from about November to June.

Table 2. Comparison of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ and parental cultivar growth characteristics at start of harvest (December 2020, without lighting, Fukushima) of plants less than one year of age. Seedling were started in July, planted in September, and grown until April.

						Terminal
	Plant		Plant	Petiole	Leaflet	inflores-
	growth	Plant	height	length	length	cence
Variety	habit	vigor	(cm)	(cm)	(cm)	length (cm)
‘Fukushima	upright	strong	23.1	9.1	7.2	25.9
ST14Go’
‘Tochiotome’	semi-	medium	14.1	5.6	6.0	21.9
(standard)	upright
‘Kaorino’	upright	strong	23.4	11.1	7.9	39.9
(reference)

TABLE 3
Comparison of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ and parental cultivar
flowering and harvest dates
(November 2020 to May 2021, Fukushima)

Terminal inflorescence

Second inflorescence

	Flow-	Har-	No.	Flow-	Har-	No.
	ering	vest	of	ering	vest	of
Variety	date	date	flowers	date	date	flowers
‘Fukushima	11/10	12/17	14.1	12/20	2/1	11.4
ST14Go’
‘Tochiotome’	11/14	12/28	15.7	1/5	2/23	11.5
(standard)
‘Kaorino’	11/4	12/10	12.9	12/6	1/19	13.0
(reference)

Third inflorescence

Fourth inflorescence

	Flow-	Har-	No.	Flow-	Har-	No.
	ering	vest	of	ering	vest	of
Variety	date	date	flowers	date	date	flowers
‘Fukushima	2/27	3/31	7.1	4/13	5/11	10.0
ST14Go’
‘Tochiotome’	3/15	4/19	8.0	4/14	5/16	9.6
(standard)
‘Kaorino’	2/9	3/16	8.1	3/5	4/8	7.1
(reference)

TABLE 4
Comparison of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ and parental
cultivar fruit production by month1
(November 2020 to May 2021, Fukushima)

November

December

January

February

		Yield		Yield		Yield		Yield
Variety	No.	(g)	No.	(g)	No.	(g)	No.	(g)
‘Fukushima	0.1	1.6	3.5	88.8	7.0	109.4	5.8	106.3
ST14Go’
‘Tochiotome’	0.0	0.0	0.7	24.6	7.4	130.8	3.5	67.3
(standard)
‘Kaorino’	0.0	0.0	3.2	98.0	7.3	124.1	5.6	95.0
(reference)

March

April

May

Total1)

		Yield		Yield		Yield		Yield
Variety	No.	(g)	No.	(g)	No.	(g)	No.	(g)
‘Fukushima	2.7	45.7	5.2	81.2	5.4	105.6	29.7	538.7
ST14Go’
‘Tochiotome’	4.1	63.5	6.9	119.1	4.7	95.5	27.3	500.6
(standard)
‘Kaorino’	2.8	67.3	7.6	118.8	7.1	105.8	33.6	609.0
(reference)
1)fruit of 6.0 g or greater (excluding malformed fruit)

TABLE 5
Comparison of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ and parental
cultivar yield characteristics per plant
(November 2020 to May 2021, Fukushima)

On-specification yield1)

3L (≥25 g)

2L (≥17 g)

L (≥ 12 g)

M/S (≥ 6 g)

		Yield		Yield		Yield		Yield
Variety	No.	(g)	No.	(g)	No.	(g)	No.	(g)
‘Fukushima	6.9	230.9	6.8	138.5	5.4	77.1	10.7	92.2
ST14Go’
‘Tochiotome’	5.6	190.0	6.7	139.9	6.6	94.8	8.4	76.0
(standard)
‘Kaorino’	7.7	263.6	7.4	153.9	6.1	87.1	12.3	104.4
(reference)

Off-specification yield

Malformed

Offal

fruit2)

fruit3)

Total

		Yield		Yield		Yield
Variety	No.	(g)	No.	(g)	No.	(g)
‘Fukushima	1.2	21.0	4.4	20.2	35.3	579.9
ST14Go’
‘Tochiotome’	2.9	67.9	2.6	10.9	32.8	579.4
(standard)
‘Kaorino’	4.2	83.6	8.1	32.9	45.9	725.5
(reference)
1)fruit of 6.0 g or greater (excluding malformed fruit)
2)malformed fruit of 6.0 g or greater
3)fruit of less than 6.0 g

TABLE 6
Comparison of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ and parental
cultivar fruit production characteristics
(November 2020 to May 2021, Fukushima).

			Irreg-
			ular
	Avg.	Product	shaped

fruit

fruit

fruit

Fruit firmness4) (gf)

weight1)

ratio2)

ratio3)

December

January

Variety	(g)	(%)	(%)	Skin	Flesh	Skin	Flesh
‘Fukushima	18.2	84.1	4.8	105.0	22.9	140.4	52.0
ST14Go’
‘Tochiotome’	18.3	83.4	4.6	151.9	38.1	118.5	55.5
(standard)
‘Kaorino’	17.8	71.5	8.8	97.0	38.5	103.3	32.2
(reference)

Fruit firmness4) (gf)

February

March

April

Variety	Skin	Flesh	Skin	Flesh	Skin	Flesh
‘Fukushima	125.6	36.2	148.9	43.8	106.6	48.0
ST14Go’
‘Tochiotome’	118.7	40.7	124.6	60.3	84.8	36.6
(standard)
‘Kaorino’	124.7	31.9	152.4	54.6	87.9	28.3
(reference)

Fruit firmness4) (gf)

May

Avg.

Variety	Skin	Flesh	Skin	Flesh
‘Fukushima	91.9	32.4	119.7	39.2
ST14Go’
‘Tochiotome’	65.9	21.5	110.7	42.1
(standard)
‘Kaorino’	82.3	33.9	107.9	36.6
(reference)
1)Product fruit weight/product fruit number
2)Product fruit number/total fruit number × 100
3)Irregular shaped fruit number/product fruit number × 100 (*product fruit: fruit of 6.0 g or greater excluding malformed fruit)
4)measured by a creepmeter (YAMADEN, RE2-3305S), penetration resistance to a 3 mm dia. cylindrical plunger penetrated at a maximum rate of 1 mm/sec.

TABLE 7
Comparison of ‘Fukushima ST14Go’ and s
parental cultivar fruit quality characteristic
(November 2020 to May 2021, Fukushima).

Fruit

Skin

Sugar content2) (% Brix)

Variety	shape1)	color1)	December	January
‘Fukushima	conical	Strong	11.7	9.3
ST14Go’		Yellowish
		Red 44A
‘Tochiotome’	conical	Vivid	11.0	9.3
(standard)		Red 45A
‘Kaorino’	conical	Strong	9.2	9.1
(reference)		Yellowish

		Red 44A

Sugar content2) (% Brix)

	Variety	February	March	April	May
	‘Fukushima	11.2	10.6	12.1	10.8
	ST14Go’
	‘Tochiotome’	10.9	11.2	10.3	9.6
	(standard)
	‘Kaorino’	10.6	11.1	9.3	10.2
	(reference)

Acidity2) (%)

	Variety	December	January	February
	‘Fukushima	0.49	0.41	0.48
	ST14Go’
	‘Tochiotome’	0.53	0.43	0.47
	(standard)
	‘Kaorino’	0.42	0.34	0.44
	(reference)

Acidity2) (%)

	Variety	March	April	May
	‘Fukushima	0.47	0.63	0.68
	ST14Go’
	‘Tochiotome’	0.50	0.60	0.69
	(standard)
	‘Kaorino’	0.45	0.48	0.56
	(reference)
1)at the time of investigation in January
2)measured by a strawberry Brix meter (ATAGO. PAL-BX/ACID4)

Claims (1)

What is claimed is:

1. A new and distinct cultivar of strawberry plant substantially as described and illustrated herein.

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