USPP24278P3 - Avocado variety named ‘Uzi’ - Google Patents

Avocado variety named ‘Uzi’ Download PDF

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USPP24278P3
USPP24278P3 US13/200,170 US201113200170V USPP24278P3 US PP24278 P3 USPP24278 P3 US PP24278P3 US 201113200170 V US201113200170 V US 201113200170V US PP24278 P3 USPP24278 P3 US PP24278P3
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uzi
rootstock
tree
rhs
variety
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John A. Menge
Gray E. Martin
Berthold O. Bergh
Fred B. Guillemet
Brandon S. McKee
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University of California San Diego UCSD
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University of California San Diego UCSD
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
    • A01H6/52—Lauraceae, e.g. avocado
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
    • A01H5/08—Fruits

Definitions

  • the avocado cultivar of this invention is botanically identified as Persea americana Mill.
  • avocado root rot is the limiting factor for the growth of avocados throughout the world.
  • avocado root rot is caused by the fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi , which attacks and kills the feeder roots of avocado trees. The resultant lack of roots causes the tree to eventually die from water stress.
  • ‘Uzi’ was identified and characterized using the following screening protocol. As it is difficult to breed avocados because only one in approximately one thousand flowers actually set fruit, plant breeding blocks of avocados were isolated to prevent out-crossing with susceptible rootstocks. The breeding blocks were made up of various combinations of selected rootstocks including, ‘Thomas’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,628), ‘Barr Duke’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,627), ‘G6’, ‘Duke 7’, ‘Duke 9’, ‘UC 2001’, ‘UC 2011’, ‘Toro Canyon’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No.
  • ‘Uzi’ was developed at Riverside, Calif.
  • the maternal parent is ‘G6’ (unpatented) avocado variety.
  • the pollen parent is unknown.
  • the ‘Uzi’ rootstock variety was selected in 1993 from an agricultural operations land located Riverside, Calif.
  • the fruit were collected from the avocado breeding blocks, the seed removed, and planted in vermiculite.
  • the seeds were grown in a greenhouse.
  • the plants were inoculated with the fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi .
  • ‘Uzi’ was chosen as a single plant for further testing.
  • Budwood was collected from the plants and grafted to the stumps of adult avocado trees that had been cut down at Irvine, Calif. The new varieties grew into trees which provided budwood for further testing.
  • ‘mother’ trees of the variety are growing in Irvine, Calif., along with the germplasm.
  • ‘Uzi’ which was selected and originally designated ‘PP14’, distinguished itself from other varieties, including the maternal parent ‘G6,’ by having a high tolerance against Phytophthora root rot. The properties of ‘Uzi’ were found to be true to type and transmissible by asexual reproduction.
  • This invention relates to a new and distinct avocado variety.
  • ‘Uzi’ is an avocado tree having a rootstock that has a high tolerance against Phytophthora root rot. It is an extremely vigorous and fast-growing rootstock that is capable of supporting a ‘Hass’ tree growing to 15 ft. in 2 years. It's yields are generally high and consistent. ‘Uzi’ leaves exhibit burn due to salt damage, but this does not seem to affect the growth or yield of the ‘Hass’ variety.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a eight-year-old top-worked tree of the ‘Uzi’ variety while growing in Irvine, Calif.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates typical mature foliage of the ‘Uzi’ variety with dimensions in centimeters shown at the bottom.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates typical flush foliage of the ‘Uzi’ variety with dimensions in centimeters shown at the bottom.
  • FIG. 4A illustrates typical inflorescence with dimensions in centimeters shown at the right
  • FIG. 4B illustrates typical inflorescence by itself.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a typical external view of the fruit of the ‘Uzi’ variety, with dimensions in centimeters shown at the bottom.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates typical internal views of the fruit of the ‘Uzi’ variety, with and without the seed. Dimensions in centimeters are shown at the bottom.
  • the tree is located in an experimental orchard in Irvine, Calif. and is grafted on a Persea americana seedling used as a rootstock.
  • C&M Tip burn rating Canker rating No. trees Rootstock (0-5) (0-5) dead ‘Merensky II’ 0.00 a 0.33 a 0/9 ‘Uzi’ 0.33 a 0.00 a 1/10 ‘Steddom’ 0.25 a 0.00 a 2/10 ‘Medina’ 0.75 a 0.00 a 1/9 ‘Zentmyer’ 0.38 a 0.63 a 1/10 ‘Duke 7’ 0.38 a 0.38 a 3/9 ‘Berg’ 0.17 a 0.83 a 3/9 ‘McKee’ 0.43 a 0.29 a 2/10 ‘G755A (Brokaw)’ 0.29 a 0.14 a 3/10 ‘Thomas’ 0.17 a 1.00 a 4/10 ‘UC 2023’ 0.00 a 0.00 a 5/10 ‘G755A (C&M)’ — — 8/10

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)

Abstract

A new and distinct Persea americana variety having strong tolerance to Phytophthora cinnamomi when used as a rootstock. It is an extremely vigorous and fast-growing rootstock that is capable of supporting a ‘Hass’ tree growing to 15 ft. in 2 years. It's yields are generally high and consistent. ‘Uzi’ leaves exhibit burn due to salt damage, but this does not seem to affect the growth or yield of the ‘Hass’ variety.

Description

Latin name of the genus and species: The avocado cultivar of this invention is botanically identified as Persea americana Mill.
Variety denomination: The variety denomination is ‘Uzi’.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Avocado root rot is the limiting factor for the growth of avocados throughout the world. Avocado root rot is caused by the fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi, which attacks and kills the feeder roots of avocado trees. The resultant lack of roots causes the tree to eventually die from water stress. There are a number of varieties of rootstocks that have some tolerance to the disease. These varieties included ‘Duke 7’ (unpatented), the most commonly planted tolerant rootstock in the world; and ‘Thomas’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,628), another root rot tolerant rootstock. However, even with these rootstocks, growers must still use a variety of methods, including mounding, mulching and the applications of chemical fungicides, to keep the tress from dying in many soils. More resistant rootstocks are necessary to eliminate avocado root rot as a major disease threat.
Screening and Greenhouse Evaluation of Rootstocks
‘Uzi’ was identified and characterized using the following screening protocol. As it is difficult to breed avocados because only one in approximately one thousand flowers actually set fruit, plant breeding blocks of avocados were isolated to prevent out-crossing with susceptible rootstocks. The breeding blocks were made up of various combinations of selected rootstocks including, ‘Thomas’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,628), ‘Barr Duke’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,627), ‘G6’, ‘Duke 7’, ‘Duke 9’, ‘UC 2001’, ‘UC 2011’, ‘Toro Canyon’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,642), ‘Spencer’, ‘CR1-71’, ‘G 810’, ‘G 875’, ‘G 755A’, ‘VC 256’, and ‘Steyemarkii’. In order to synchronize blooming, attempts were made to girdle late-blooming varieties and spray early-blooming varieties with the pesticide Unicona-zole-P.
Initial screening was carried out by germinating seeds, which were harvested from the breeding blocks, in flats of vermiculite in the greenhouse. Phytophthora cinnamomi-infested millet was placed in rows along with the young roots of the test seedlings. After 8-10 weeks roots were evaluated and those with a high percentage of surviving roots were transplanted to soil mix incorporated with P. cinnamomi-infested millet. Rootstocks that survived this test were planted and grown in P. cinnamomi-infested soils. Survivors were examined more carefully for various types of resistance using asexual propagated material.
    • a. Root survival—Rootstocks were grown in typical California avocado soils, inoculated with P. cinnamomi and evaluated for growth, root length and percent healthy roots.
    • b. Root regeneration—Rootstocks were grown in soil inoculated with P. cinnamomi, treated with Aliette to halt Phytophthora root rot and evaluated for root regeneration.
    • c. Attraction to P. cinnamomi—Roots of the rootstocks were placed in water baths with motile zoospores of P. cinnamomi. The numbers of spores attracted to the roots were evaluated.
Rootstocks that performed well in the screening and greenhouse evaluations were further tested under field conditions.
Selection of ‘Uzi’
‘Uzi’ was developed at Riverside, Calif. The maternal parent is ‘G6’ (unpatented) avocado variety. The pollen parent is unknown. Specifically, the ‘Uzi’ rootstock variety was selected in 1993 from an agricultural operations land located Riverside, Calif. The fruit were collected from the avocado breeding blocks, the seed removed, and planted in vermiculite. The seeds were grown in a greenhouse. The plants were inoculated with the fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi. After showing tolerance to the disease, ‘Uzi’ was chosen as a single plant for further testing. Budwood was collected from the plants and grafted to the stumps of adult avocado trees that had been cut down at Irvine, Calif. The new varieties grew into trees which provided budwood for further testing. At least two ‘mother’ trees of the variety are growing in Irvine, Calif., along with the germplasm. During screening and evaluation, ‘Uzi’, which was selected and originally designated ‘PP14’, distinguished itself from other varieties, including the maternal parent ‘G6,’ by having a high tolerance against Phytophthora root rot. The properties of ‘Uzi’ were found to be true to type and transmissible by asexual reproduction.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a new and distinct avocado variety. ‘Uzi’ is an avocado tree having a rootstock that has a high tolerance against Phytophthora root rot. It is an extremely vigorous and fast-growing rootstock that is capable of supporting a ‘Hass’ tree growing to 15 ft. in 2 years. It's yields are generally high and consistent. ‘Uzi’ leaves exhibit burn due to salt damage, but this does not seem to affect the growth or yield of the ‘Hass’ variety.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 illustrates a eight-year-old top-worked tree of the ‘Uzi’ variety while growing in Irvine, Calif.
FIG. 2 illustrates typical mature foliage of the ‘Uzi’ variety with dimensions in centimeters shown at the bottom.
FIG. 3 illustrates typical flush foliage of the ‘Uzi’ variety with dimensions in centimeters shown at the bottom.
FIG. 4A illustrates typical inflorescence with dimensions in centimeters shown at the right, and FIG. 4B illustrates typical inflorescence by itself.
FIG. 5 illustrates a typical external view of the fruit of the ‘Uzi’ variety, with dimensions in centimeters shown at the bottom.
FIG. 6 illustrates typical internal views of the fruit of the ‘Uzi’ variety, with and without the seed. Dimensions in centimeters are shown at the bottom.
 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The following is a detailed description of the new ‘Uzi’ variety, which was taken from an approximately eight-year-old mature tree, with the exception as a rootstock for a specific scion when reference is made to root rot resistance and salinity tolerance. The tree is located in an experimental orchard in Irvine, Calif. and is grafted on a Persea americana seedling used as a rootstock.
The Royal Horticultural Society (R.H.S.) color Chart is used herein for the color description of the rind, seed, bark, leaf, flower, flesh color and other interest of the ‘Uzi’ avocado tree.
Trees, Foliage, and Flowers
  • Tree:
      • Growth habit.—Vigorous, upright and spreading when compared to the rootstock ‘Thomas’.
      • Vigor.—Below are data on the vigor of ‘Hass’ grafted onto the rootstock ‘Uzi’, as determined by trunk diameter measurements from trees planted in an orchard with Phytophthora cinnamomi in Escondido, Calif.
TABLE 1
Trunk diameter (cm)
Rootstock year 1 year 2 year 3 year 4 year 5
PP # 14 ‘Uzi’ 2.85 5.14 8.57 10.6 12.54
Thomas 2.44 4.29 6.75 8.40 10.84
Escondido Ca., with Hass scion
TABLE 2
Canopy volume (cubic feet)
Rootstock year 1 year 2 year 3 year 4 year 5
PP # 14 ‘Uzi’. 21.86 163.21 504.3 669 1338.2
Thomas 13.56 84.48 388.5 367. 1076.2
Escondido Ca., with Hass scion
      • Size.—Large. The typical canopy size of a three year old top-worked ‘Thomas’ is 388 cu.ft. By comparison the canopy size of a three year old topworked ‘Uzi’ is 504 cu.ft. The tree is 610-915 cm in height when fully grown at the orchard site in Irvine, Calif.
  • Branch:
      • Color.—The color of the one year old branch is green (RHS 146C).
      • Smoothness.—The bark of a one year old branch is smooth.
      • Lenticels.—The lenticels of a one year old branch are conspicuous.
  • Main stem:
      • Color.—Brown (RHS N 200C and N 200D).
      • Texture of bark.—Corky.
  • Young shoot (flush):
      • Intensity of anthocyanin coloration.—Weak.
      • Anthocyanin coloration.—Grayed-orange (RHS 165B).
      • Color.—Grayed-orange (RHS 165B).
      • Conspicuousness of lenticels.—Medium.
      • Color of lenticels.—Grayed-purple (RHS 185A).
      • Size of lenticels.—1.0-3.0 mm long.
      • Concentration of lenticels.—+/−25 lenticels per square cm.
      • Color of upper side.—Grayed-green (RHS 194B).
      • Glossiness of upper side.—Medium.
      • Color of lower surface.—Grayed-green (RHS 193B).
  • Mature leaf:
      • Length.—13.0 cm.
      • Width.—5.5 cm.
      • Ratio length/width.—2.4.
      • Shape.—Elliptical.
      • Color of upper side.—Green (RHS 139A).
      • Color of lower side.—Green (RHS 137B).
      • Glossiness of upper side.—Medium-high.
      • Prominence of veins on lower side.—Prominent and in relief.
      • Color of veins.—Yellow-green (RHS 145A).
      • General shape and cross-section.—Flat, slightly concave.
      • Reflexing of apex.—Absent.
      • Color of petiole.—Yellow-green (RHS 144A).
      • Anise aroma.—Present.
      • Margin.—Undulation of margin is weak, and the leaf margin is entire.
      • Leaf apex shape.—Acute.
      • Leaf base shape.—Elliptical.
      • Length of leaf petiole.—Approximately 2.8 cm.
      • Diameter of leaf petiole.—Approximately 2.0 mm.
      • Leaf arrangement.—upright.
  • Flower:
      • Bud size.—Approximately 3 mm in length and approximately 2.5 mm in diameter.
      • Bud shape.—Ovoid.
      • Bud color.—Grayed-green (RHS 197C).
      • Opening.—Belongs to group “B”, female opening (i.e. with mature pistil) occurs in the afternoon, the flower closes over night, and the male opening (i.e. with mature stamens) occurs the next morning; the flower's opening cycle lasts 20-24 hours.
      • Petals.—Borne in two whorls of three perianth lobes. The petals possess entire margins and petal coloration is near yellow-green (RHS 151D). Both the upper and lower petal surfaces are near yellow-green (RHS 151D).
      • Stamen.—There are commonly nine fertile stamens with each having two basal nectar glands that are grayed-orange (RHS 174A) in color and three staminodla. The anthers are tetrathecal.
      • Pistil.—The single pistil with a slender style and small stigmatic surface has one carpel with one ovule. The ovary is superior.
      • Sepals.—There are 6 sepals which are approximately 5 mm in length and approximately 3 mm in width, and the color of both sepal surfaces is yellow-green (RHS 151A).
      • Pedicel.—Commonly approximately 6 mm in length and approximately 2.0 mm in diameter. The coloration is near yellow-green (RHS 151B).
      • Peduncles.—Approximately 5.7 cm in length and approximately 3.0 mm in diameter. The coloration is yellow-green (RHS 151A).
      • Number of flowers on inflorescence.—Approximately 108-135 flowers per inflorescence.
      • Fragrance.—Absent.
      • Bloom.—Bloom period at Riverside, Calif. experiment station varies with cultural conditions. On average ‘Uzi’ has been found to bloom from 25th of January through the 15th of March.
Fruit, Fruit and Production Characteristics
  • Fruit:
      • Length.13 7.0 cm.
      • Width.—5.5 cm.
      • Ratio length/width.—1.3.
      • Weight.—53.4 grams.
      • Shape.—Narrowly obovate, with an apex diameter of approximately 2.2 cm and a base diameter of approximately 3.9 cm at the widest point.
      • Color of skin (when ripe).—Grayed-purple (RHS N186).
      • Texture of skin.—Smooth.
      • Presence of longitudinal ridges.—Absent.
      • Thickness of skin.—Thin.
      • Adherence of skin to flesh.—Weak.
      • Main color of flesh.—Yellow-green (RHS 144B).
      • Color of intensely colored area of flesh next to skin.—Yellow-green (RHS 144A).
      • Width of intensely colored area next to skin.—1.0 mm.
      • Conspicuousness of fibers in flesh.—Conspicuous.
  • Seed:
      • Length.—4.7 cm.
      • Width.—4.0 cm.
      • Weight.—11.9 grams.
      • Shape (in longitudinal section).—Circular.
      • Shape (in cross section).—Circular.
      • Color of seed coat (fresh).—Grayed-orange (RHS 177A).
      • Cotyledon color.—Orange-white (RHS 159B).
      • Time of harvesting.—‘Uzi’ fruit ripen in September/October (in Riverside Calif.).
      • Resistance to pests.—Strong resistance to Phytophthora cinnamomi.
      • Tolerance to salinity.—Medium.
      • Market use.—The fruit of ‘Uzi’ are not intended for market use, but rather the variety is used as a rootstock onto which commercial varieties, such as ‘Hass’ are grafted.
TABLE 3
Rootstock rating at Santana, Ventura County, August 20011
Tree rating Canopy Trunk No. trees
Rootstock (0-5; 5 = dead) volume (cu ft) diameter (cm) dead
‘Steddom’ 0.80 a 13.89 a 1.92 a 1
‘Merensky II’ 0.90 a 15.10 a 1.48 a 1
‘Uzi’ 0.90 a 16.92 a 2.02 a 0
‘Zentmyer’ 1.05 a 16.48 a 2.05 a 1
‘G755A 1.65 a  5.55 a 1.62 a 1
(Brokaw)’
‘Medina’ 1.90 a 12.66 a 1.70 a 2
‘Berg’ 2.20 a 13.80 a 1.29 a 4
‘McKee’ 2.35 a  9.05 a 1.52 a 1
‘Duke 7’ 2.50 a 11.40 a 1.24 a 4
‘Thomas’ 2.65 a 10.22 a 1.15 a 4
‘G755 A 2.75 a 11.66 a 1.49 a 2
(C&M)’
‘UC 2023’ 3.00 a  6.21 a 1.25 a 3
1Mean values in each column followed by identical letters are not statistically different according to Waller's k-ratio t test.
TABLE 4
Rootstock rating at Santana, Ventura County, November 2002.
Two-year trial to-date.
Tree rating Canopy Trunk Fruit rating
‘Root- (0-5; volume diameter (0-5;
stock’ 5 = dead) (cu ft) (cm) 5 = heavy)
‘Merensky 0.17 d 72.27 abc 3.49 ab 0.78 bcd
II’
‘Uzi’ 0.50 cd 69.64 abcd 3.64 a 2.50 a
‘Steddom’ 1.00 bcd 67.95 abcd 2.94 abc 1.70 abc
‘Medina’ 1.06 bcd 79.89 ab 3.26 ab 0.00 d
‘Zentmyer’ 1.50 bcd 81.44 a 3.19 ab 0.60 bcd
‘Duke 7’ 1.67 bcd 32.48 abcde 2.31 abcd 1.11 abcd
‘Berg’ 1.72 bcd 46.57 abcde 2.21 abcd 2.00 ab
‘McKee’ 1.78 abcd 30.92 bcde 2.24 abcd 0.22 cd
‘G755A 2.30 abcd 19.98 de 1.90 bcd 0.10 d
(Brokaw)’
‘Thomas’ 2.60 abc 31.50 bcde 2.02 abcd 0.30 cd
‘UC 2023’ 2.95 ab 25.50 cde 1.41 cd 0.20 d
‘G755A 4.00 a 15.71 e 0.82 d 0.00 d.
(C&M)’
Tip burn rating Canker rating No. trees
Rootstock (0-5) (0-5) dead
‘Merensky II’ 0.00 a 0.33 a 0/9 
‘Uzi’ 0.33 a 0.00 a 1/10
‘Steddom’ 0.25 a 0.00 a 2/10
‘Medina’ 0.75 a 0.00 a 1/9 
‘Zentmyer’ 0.38 a 0.63 a 1/10
‘Duke 7’ 0.38 a 0.38 a 3/9 
‘Berg’ 0.17 a 0.83 a 3/9 
‘McKee’ 0.43 a 0.29 a 2/10
‘G755A (Brokaw)’ 0.29 a 0.14 a 3/10
‘Thomas’ 0.17 a 1.00 a 4/10
‘UC 2023’ 0.00 a 0.00 a 5/10
‘G755A (C&M)’ — — 8/10
TABLE 5
Rootstock ratings of avocado trees planted in root rot soil at
Escondido, July 2002
Tree rating Canopy Trunk Fruit set
0-5; volume diameter rating 0-5;
Rootstocks 5 = dead Cu ft Cm 5 = heavy
‘Zentmyer’ 0.00 c 397.4 abc 7.12 bcd 1.53 cd
‘Rio Frio’ 0.00 c 313.5 cdef 6.33 cdef 2.13 bcd
‘Merens I’ 0.00 c 543.6 a 8.74 a 3.50 a
‘Merensk II’ 0.02 c 409.0 abc 7.81 abc 2.84 ab
‘VC 241’ 0.06 c 238.4 defg 6.19 defg 1.41 cd
‘Uzi’ 0.29 bc 504.3 ab 8.57 ab 2.76 ab
‘Steddom’ 0.36 bc 376.1 bcde 7.07 bcd 2.43 bc
‘Thomas’ 0.44 bc 388.5 bcd 6.75 cde 1.12 de
‘Guillemet’ 0.59 bc 192.0 fgh 4.90 fgh 1.12 de
‘Spencer 0.63 bc 225.8 efg 5.24 efgh 1.56 cd
sdlg’
‘Leo’ 0.67 bc 288.2 cdef 5.89 defgh 1.60 cd
‘Spencer 0.69 bc 163.8 fgh 4.65 gh 1.54 cd
clonal’
‘Duke 7’ 1.00 b 129.3 gh 4.38 h 1.47 cd
‘G755A’ 0.16 b 294.1 cdef 5.86 defgh 1.56 cd
‘PolyN’ 4.12 a 65.6 h 1.26 i 0.24 e
Tip Burn Cankers Dead
Rootstocks Number trees affected
‘Zentmyer’ 0 0 0/15
‘Rio Frio’ 0 0 0/16
‘Merens I’ 0 0 0/14
‘Merensk II’ 0 1 0/17
‘VC 241’ 0 0 0/16
‘Uzi’ 2 0 1/17
‘Steddom’ 0 0 1/14
‘Thomas’ 0 0 1/17
‘Guillemet’ 3 1 2/17
‘Spencer sdlg’ 0 0 2/16
‘Leo’ 0 0 2/15
‘Spencer clonal’ 0 0 5/16
‘Duke 7’ 0 0 3/15
‘G755A’ 2 1 3/16
‘PolyN’ 0 0 14/17 
TABLE 6
rootstock trial tree ratio April 20031.
Four-year trial to-date
Tree rating Canopy volume Trunk diam.
Rootstock (0-5; 5 = dead) (cu ft) (cm) Salt
‘MerenI’ 0.00d 551ab  10.7a 0.08cd
‘VC241’ 0.06d 281efgh 8.0abc 0.03cd
‘Rio Frio’ 0.07d 362efcd 8.7abc 0.00d
‘Zentmyer’ 0.07d  410bcde 9.2ab 0.32bc
‘MerenII’ 0.18d 532abc  9.4ab 0.21dc
‘Spen sdlg’ 0.36d 263efgh 6.9bc 0.00d
‘Uzi’ 0.38d 669a   10.6a 0.68a
‘Steddom’ 0.39d 478bcd  8.6abc 0.32bc
‘Thomas’ 0.47cd 367cdef 8.4abc 0.62ab
‘Leo’ 0.77cbd 274efgh 7.3abc 0.13cd
‘Guillemet’ 0.83cbd 190ghi  6.2bc 0.13cd
‘Duke7’ 1.34cb 127hi  8.8abc 0.16cd
‘Spen cl’ 1.44b 211fghi  5.3c 0.12cd
‘G755A’ 1.69b 322defg 7.0bc 0.25cd
‘PolyN’ 4.15a 77i  1.5d 0.06cd
Canker Fruit Dead trees
Rootstock (0-5; 5 = heavy) rating2 (%)
‘MerenI’ 0a 2.97abc 0
‘VC241’ 0a 3.41ab 0
‘Rio Frio’ 0a 3.73a 0
‘Zentmyer’ 0a 3.71a 0
‘MerenII’   0.1a 2.97abc 0
‘Spen sdlg’ 0a 3.57ab 7
‘Uzi’ 0a 3.47ab 6
‘Steddom’ 0a 3.75a 7
‘Thomas’ 0a 3.53ab 6
‘Leo’ 0a 3.29ab 13
‘Guillemet’ 0a 2.90abc 13
‘Duke7’ 0a 1.53de 19
‘Spen cl’ 0a 2.35bcd 23
‘G755A’ 0a 1.78cd 25
‘PolyN’ 0a 0.29e 82
1Mean values in each column followed by identical letters are not statistically different according to Waller's k-ratio t test.
2Fruit was rated in November 2003.
TABLE 7
Temecula, yield 20031;2.
Four year trial to-date.
Fruit weight/ Number Fruit
Rootstock tree (kg) fruit/tree weight (kg)
‘Zentmyer’ 15.89a 68.64a 0.219a
‘Uzi’ 13.99ab 59.24ab 0.195ab
‘Spencer seedling’ 12.52ab 56.27ab 0.181ab
‘Merensky II’ 11.83ab 51.12ab 0.185ab
‘Rio Frio’ 10.87abc 51.33ab 0.187ab
‘Steddom’ 10.01abc 46.20abc 0.175abc
‘Thomas’ 8.50abcd 40.12abcd 0.154abc
‘G755A’ 8.08abcd 34.56abcd 0.116bc
‘VC241’ 7.44bcd 31.75bcd 0.202ab
‘Guillemet’ 7.42bcd 30.00bcd 0.196ab
‘Spencer clonal’ 6.99bcd 32.00bcd 0.136abc
‘Merensky I’ 6.95bcd 32.08bcd 0.148abc
‘Leo’ 6.53bcd 28.14bcd 0.140abc
‘Duke 7’ 3.33cd 14.81cd 0.138abc
‘PolyN’ 1.72d 5.71d 0.076c
1Mean values in each column followed by identical letters are not statistically different according to Waller's k-ratio t test.
2Only fruit which were grade size were picked; remaining fruit on trees to be picked later.
TABLE 8
Escondido, Tree ratings, July 2002
Tree No.
rating Canopy Trunk No. trees
(0-5; vol. diam trees w/tip No. trees
Rootstock 5 = dead) (cu ft) (cm) Dead burn w/canker
‘Uzi’ 0.039 b 34.69 a 2.43 a 0 6 0
‘Guillemet’ 0.042 b 22.86 a 2.06 a 0 4 0
‘Zentmyer’ 0.077 b 22.40 a 2.25 a 0 2 0
‘Spencer sdlg’ 0.536 b 27.81 a 2.01 a 0 2 1
‘Steddom’ 0.615 b 18.93 a 1.99 a 1 0 0
‘Berg’ 0.714 b 21.42 a 1.98 a 0 1 2
‘Merensky II’ 0.750 b 32.07 a 2.10 a 2 0 1
‘Elinor’ 0.786 b 29.44 a 2.03 a 1 0 2
‘Thomas’ 0.846 b 23.07 a 1.85 a 1 2 0
‘Pond’  1.00 ab 30.55 a 2.15 a 1 0 2
‘Crowley’  1.083 ab 23.78 a 1.86 a 2 1 0
‘G755A’  1.231 ab 22.64 a 1.85 a 2 0 0
‘Duke 9’ 2.270 a  9.40 a 1.07 b 5 0 0
There were significant differences at P = 0.01 between blocks for all tree parameters analyzed.
TABLE 9
tree ratings, April 2003. Two-year trial to-date.
Tree rating Canopy Trunk Fruit rating
(0-5; vol diam (0-5; 5 =
Rootstock 5 = dead) (cu ft) (cm) heavy)
‘Uzi’ 0.267 c  88.76 a 4.193 a  0.0 a
‘Berg’ 0.531 c  44.16 a 2.956 bc 0.0 a
‘Zentmyer’ 0.600 c  54.37 a 3.393 ab 0.0 a
‘Merensky II’ 0.833 bc 68.49 a 3.333 ab 0.0 a
‘Steddom’ 0.867 bc 56.42 a 3.127 ab 0.0 a
‘Pond’ 0.906 bc 55.05 a 3.188 ab 0.0 a
‘Spenser sdlg’ 0.906 bc 51.45 a 2.988 bc 0.0 a
‘Crowley’ 0.964 bc 42.05 a 3.021 bc 0.0 a
‘Thomas’ 1.071 bc 49.99 a 2.900 bc 0.0 a
‘Guillemet’  0.167 abc 43.64 a 2.960 bc 0.1 a
‘Elinor’  1.393 abc 58.40 a 2.864 bc 0.0 a
‘G755A’ 2.156 ab 44.21 a 2.819 bc 0.0 a
‘Duke 9’ 2.577 a  32.16 a 1.885 c  0.0 a
Salt rating Canker rating No. trees
Rootstock (0-5; 5 = severe) (0-5; 5 = severe) Dead (%)
‘Uzi’ 0.933 ab  0.000 a 0
‘Berg’  0.633 abcd 0.000 a 6
‘Zentmyer’ 1.000 a  0.000 a 7
‘Merensky II’ 0.154 cd  0.308 a 13
‘Steddom’ 0.321 bcd 0.286 a 7
‘Pond’ 0.767 abc 0.200 a 6
‘Spenser sdlg’ 0.300 bcd 0.200 a 6
‘Crowley’ 0.083 d  0.000 a 14
‘Thomas’ 0.731 abc 0.000 a 0
‘Guillemet’  0.615 abcd 0.133 a 13
‘Elinor’ 0.333 bcd 0.167 a 14
‘G755A’ 0.846 ab  0.077 a 13
‘Duke 9’ 0.313 bcd 0.500 a 38
TABLE 10
Temecula rootstock ratings, Sept 2002
Tree rating Canopy Trunk Fruit rating
(0-5; vol. diam (0-5;
Rootstock 5 = dead) (cu ft) (cm) 5 = heavy)
‘Zentmyer’ 0.400 c  40.70 ab 2.79 a 0.00 b
‘Crowley’ 0.618 c  40.38 ab 2.86 a 0.00 b
‘Elinor’ 0.824 c  40.52 ab 2.54 a 0.00 b
‘Guillemet’ 0.882 bc 39.13 ab 2.42 a 0.00 b
‘Steddom’ 0.969 bc 29.20 bc  2.13 ab 1.16 a
‘Thomas’ 0.969 bc 31.46 bc  2.13 ab 0.00 b
‘Pond’ 1.088 bc 54.08 a  2.78 a 0.00 b
‘Uzi’ 1.188 bc 35.08 ab 2.56 a 0.00 b
‘G755A’ 2.088 ab 37.85 ab 2.41 a 0.00 b
‘Spencer sdlg’ 2.906 a  11.96 c  1.39 b 0.00 b
Salt damage Cankers No. trees
Rootstock (0-5; 5 = heavy) (0-5; 5 = heavy) dead
‘Zentmyer’ 1.50 ab 0.00 a 0/15
‘Crowley’ 1.34 b  0.00 a 1/17
‘Elinor’ 1.59 ab 0.00 a 1/17
‘Guillemet’ 1.41 b  0.00 a 2/17
‘Steddom’ 1.54 ab 0.50 a 2/16
‘Thomas’ 1.50 ab 0.00 a 3/16
‘Pond’ 1.40 b  0.00 a 2/17
‘Uzi’ 1.64 ab 0.00 a 2/16
‘G755A’ 2.50 ab 0.36 a 4/17
‘Spencer sdlg’ 2.63 a  0.00 a 4/16
TABLE 11
Temecula, rootstock ratings, December 2003.
Two-year trial to-date
Canopy Trunk Fruit rating
Tree rating vol diam (0-5; 5 =
Rootstock (0-5; 5 = dead) (cu ft) (cm) heavy)
‘Zentmyer’ 0.313c 207.27a 6.23a 2.063a
‘Pond’ 0.906c 307.04a 5.75a 1.813a
‘Elinor’ 0.912c 170.37a  4.80a. 1.059a
‘Guillemet’ 1.059c 199.37a 5.73a 0.882a
‘Uzi’ 1.094bc 206.04a 4.35a 0.813a
‘Crowley’ 1.250bc 144.14a 5.04a 1.438a
‘Steddom’ 1.281bc 254.94a 4.89a 1.188a
‘Thomas’ 1.313be 226.39a 5.16a 1.375a
‘G755A’ 2.438ab 175.55a 5.23a 0.625a
‘Spencer sdlg’ 2.813a 42.12a 2.26a 0.519a
Salt damage Cankers Trees
Rootstock (0-5; 5 = heavy) (0-5; 5 = heavy) dead (%)
‘Zentmyer’ 1.188ab 0.000a 0
‘Pond’ 0.321cd 0.000a 13
‘Elinor’ 0.469cd 0.000a 6
‘Guillemet’ 0.893abc 0.000a 18
‘Uzi’ 0.769abcd 0.000a 19
‘Crowley’ 0.731abcd 0.000a 19
‘Steddom’ 0.167d 0.000a 25
‘Thomas’ 1.308a 0.000a 19
‘G755A’ 1.167ab 0.000a 25
‘Spencer sdlg’ 0.500bcd 0.000a 44

Claims (1)

What is claimed is:
1. A new and distinct rootstock variety of avocado tree having the characteristics substantially as described and illustrated herein.
US13/200,170 2011-09-19 2011-09-19 Avocado variety named ‘Uzi’ Active 2032-01-22 USPP24278P3 (en)

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