USPP13294P3 - Seashore paspalum ‘SDX-1’ - Google Patents
Seashore paspalum ‘SDX-1’ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP13294P3 USPP13294P3 US09/759,481 US75948101V USPP13294P3 US PP13294 P3 USPP13294 P3 US PP13294P3 US 75948101 V US75948101 V US 75948101V US PP13294 P3 USPP13294 P3 US PP13294P3
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sdx
- grass
- cultivar
- leaf
- seashore paspalum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 241000044541 Paspalum vaginatum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001146 hypoxic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000386 athletic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000052363 Cynodon dactylon Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001241702 Cynodon dactylon x Cynodon transvaalensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000011681 asexual reproduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013465 asexual reproduction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000380130 Ehrharta erecta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000001140 Mimosa pudica Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000044578 Stenotaphrum secundatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000024346 drought recovery Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021384 green leafy vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015784 hyperosmotic salinity response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003305 oil spill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XZPVPNZTYPUODG-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Cl-] XZPVPNZTYPUODG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/46—Gramineae or Poaceae, e.g. ryegrass, rice, wheat or maize
- A01H6/4648—Paspalum
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/13—Abiotic stress
- Y02A40/135—Plants tolerant to salinity
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new cultivar of seashore paspalum ( Paspalum vaginatum Swartz) that is particularly suited as a turf grass for recreational fields and golf courses.
- the new cultivar of the present invention is herein referred to by its cultivar name ‘SDX-1’.
- the ‘SDX-1’ cultivar is a low growing halophytic grass spreading by rhizomes and stolons.
- the ‘SDX-1’ cultivar exhibits a dwarf growth habit that seldom exceeds two inches in mature height under conditions of full sun.
- the grass is particularly well suited for use on golf courses for putting greens mowed to 1 ⁇ 8 inch and for fairways mowed to 1 ⁇ 4 inch. It is also suitable for lawns, grass tennis courses, lawn bowls, athletic fields or any other area where a fine textured close mown and low growing turf with superior salt tolerance is desired.
- FIG. 1 shows a comparison of the inventive cultivar with a Florida native (natural) ecotype and four improved turf-type varieties. These varieties, from left to right, are Florida native type, ‘SeaIsle 1’ (University of Georgia release), Applicants' variety ‘SFX-14’ (Ser. No. 09/502,903), Applicants' variety ‘SGX-6’ (Ser. No. 09/502,904), and Applicant's seashore paspalum variety named ‘SDX-1’.
- FIG. 2 shows seedheads form various seashore paspalum varieties. These varieties, from left to right, are Florida native type, ‘SeaIsle 1’ (University of Georgia release), Applicants' variety ‘SFX-14’, Applicants' variety ‘SGX-6’, and Applicant's seashore paspalum variety named ‘SDX-1’.
- FIG. 4 is a photograph of the ‘SDX-1’ variety 4 weeks following sprigging.
- FIG. 5 is a photograph of the ‘SDX-1’ variety (unmown) 12 weeks following sprigging.
- FIG. 6 is a photograph of the ‘SDX-1’ variety (unmown) 32 months following establishment.
- the ‘SDX-1’ grass was developed by the applicants on Pine Island, Fla. in a saline environment. Early ecotypes from the applicants' turf development program were developed from crosses between Florida native ecotypes and ‘Adalayd’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,939) seashore paspalum. ‘SDX-1’ was developed by crossing applicants' improved turf-type ecotypes and subsequent evaluation of the resulting progeny. Trial areas of the grass were established and maintained under live golf conditions at Alden Pines Country Club, Bokeelia, Fla. (a salt water irrigated golf course) since 1997. This grass has been asexually propagated by the applicants as sprigs, plugs, and sod, and remain true to type in subsequent asexual reproductions, subject to damage from external factors, as discussed further below.
- the age of the cultivar observed for the following botanical description was about 180 days. All color descriptions with respect to parts of the cultivar, where color is a distinguishing feature, are made to the Munsell Color Chart, except where terms of ordinary usage and dictionary meaning are used.
- the ‘SDX-1’ cultivar is a perennial grass. The grass stems have overlapping sheath margins and arise from an extensive system of long, straw colored, slender rhizomes and/or purple-tinged stolons. The grass blades are glabrous and folded, forming a V-shape. The grass blades have an olive green color, Munsell color designation 7.5 GY 4/6 (abaxial side) and 7.5 GY 5/4 (adaxial side).
- the blade length is generally 0.5-1.6 cm (unmown).
- the blades have a typical width of from 1.75 to 3.0 mm, varying with the level of salinity and tapering to an involute apex.
- Leaf-blade venation runs parallel without cross veins. The veins are obscure with a prominent mid-vein. The leaf margins are smooth. Leaf-sheath auricles are absent.
- the ligules have an eciliate membrane. External ligules are not present on the collar. Upon flowering, the culms are about 0.5-4.5 cm tall (most are 1.5-2.5 cm tall) with terminal inflorescence subtended by an unspecialized leaf-sheath.
- Inflorescence bears well-developed spikelets forming paired branches (racemes) at the culm apex about 0.6-1.6 cm in length.
- the racemes each have a broad, triangular rachis bearing two rows of spikelets (one floret per spikelet).
- the rachis are angular and narrowly winged.
- the rachis which are tough and persistent, are also about 1-2 mm in width, and terminate in a spikelet. Spikelet packing is regular, two-rowed, abaxial, and contiguous, with subequal internodes.
- Florets are ovate and about 0.4-0.75 mm in diameter. Glumes, palea, and lemma are awnless, glabrous, and green with an acute apex.
- Leaf blade with and length of the ‘SDX-1’ cultivar are affected by both salinity level and by the length of sunlight exposure. It produces longer narrower leaf blades in winter compared to shorter, wider leaf blades in summer. Likewise, as salinity levels increase, shorter, narrower, and somewhat more erect leaf blades are produced, compared to longer wider blades produced upon irrigation with a fresh water or low salinity system.
- This grass has shown to be particularly well suited for use on putting green surfaces due to the high shoot density, short internode length, short blades and fine texture produced under close mown conditons and saline irrigation. Due to its inherent dwarf growth form, this grass is also suited for use on high-quality lawn areas where an infrequent mowing regime is utilized, seldom exceeding 2 inches in overall height under unmown conditions in full sunlight. While ‘SDX-1’ exhibits dwarf growth form with short internode length and overall low vertical growth habit, the grass grows very vigorously and densely in a horizontal fashion and quickly forms a dense sod when established from sprigs. This grass has been tested under regular saline irrigation up to 26,000 ppm.
- SDX-1 develops an extensive rhizome system composed of primary rhizomes, with secondary and tertiary rhizome branches arising from the primary rhizomes.
- the primary rhizomes will store appreciable carbohydrate reserves and become thickened and somewhat tuberous with the leaf shoots typically originating exclusively from the secondary and tertiary rhizome system.
- new leaf shoots may be initiated from nodes on the primary rhizomes. If such an event does occur, the initial leaf shoots arising from the thickened primary rhizomes will initially be larger and coarser than leaf shoots typical of the SDX-1 cultivar.
- the resultant leaf shoots will be typical of the SDX-1 cultivar as described. Restoration of the fine-textured leaf shoot system typical of the SDX-1 cultivar may be enhanced by common turf cultural practices, such as mowing and verti-cutting.
- Damage to the turf that may result in leaf shoots emerging from primary rhizomes typically includes insect damage, disease damage, or damage from chemical burning (e.g. oil spill).
- Thickened, primary rhizomes as described are typically 4 to 5 mm in diameter.
- Leaf blades from any emerging leaf shoots arising from such rhizomes are from about 4 to 5 mm in width, corresponding to the diameter of rhizome, and about 2 to 3 cm in length.
- Secondary rhizome branches are typically 1.5 to 3 mm in diameter, and tertiary rhizome branches are typically 0.75 to 1.5 mm in diameter.
- the primary rhizomes typically develop with some depth in the soil profile, from 4.75 to 10 cm in depth (occasionally up to 15 cm depth).
- Secondary and tertiary rhizome branches develop throughout the rhizome profile depth, with leaf shoot initiation typically restricted to those rhizomes within the 0 to 4 cm soil profile depth range.
- ‘Excalibre’ seashore paspalum utilized for similar purposes
- this grass has foremost greater salinity tolerance, and under saline conditions, improved density, finer texture, greater sod strength, increased rooting and improved color.
- ‘SDX-1’ is a compact, dwarf form that forms a low, dense, tight sod even under unmown conditions.
- this grass has adaptations for moderate shade tolerance and enhanced temperature tolerance, retaining color at lower temperatures than bermudagrasses.
- This grass has a lower water use requirement compared to St. Augustine and hybrid bermudagrass cultivars and has enhanced qualities for drought tolerance and can be grown in sandy soils as well as in heavy-textured waterlogged soils.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A novel seashore paspalum cultivar (Paspalum vaginatum) is disclosed. The ‘SDX-1’ cultivar is characterized by having a fine texture, greater sod strength, increased rooting, improved color, improved density, and greater salinity tolerance. The cultivar is particularly well suited for golf courses, grass tennis lawns, lawn bowls, lawns, and athletic fields.
Description
The present invention relates to a new cultivar of seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz) that is particularly suited as a turf grass for recreational fields and golf courses. The new cultivar of the present invention is herein referred to by its cultivar name ‘SDX-1’.
The ‘SDX-1’ cultivar is a low growing halophytic grass spreading by rhizomes and stolons. The ‘SDX-1’ cultivar exhibits a dwarf growth habit that seldom exceeds two inches in mature height under conditions of full sun. The grass is particularly well suited for use on golf courses for putting greens mowed to ⅛ inch and for fairways mowed to ¼ inch. It is also suitable for lawns, grass tennis courses, lawn bowls, athletic fields or any other area where a fine textured close mown and low growing turf with superior salt tolerance is desired.
FIG. 1 shows a comparison of the inventive cultivar with a Florida native (natural) ecotype and four improved turf-type varieties. These varieties, from left to right, are Florida native type, ‘SeaIsle 1’ (University of Georgia release), Applicants' variety ‘SFX-14’ (Ser. No. 09/502,903), Applicants' variety ‘SGX-6’ (Ser. No. 09/502,904), and Applicant's seashore paspalum variety named ‘SDX-1’.
FIG. 2 shows seedheads form various seashore paspalum varieties. These varieties, from left to right, are Florida native type, ‘SeaIsle 1’ (University of Georgia release), Applicants' variety ‘SFX-14’, Applicants' variety ‘SGX-6’, and Applicant's seashore paspalum variety named ‘SDX-1’.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of stolon sprigs of the ‘SDX-1’ variety (#4) compared to other seashore paspalum varieties (#1=native seashore paspalum; #2=applicants' ‘SFX-14’ variety; and #3=applicants' ‘SGX-6’ variety).
FIG. 4 is a photograph of the ‘SDX-1’ variety 4 weeks following sprigging.
FIG. 5 is a photograph of the ‘SDX-1’ variety (unmown) 12 weeks following sprigging.
FIG. 6 is a photograph of the ‘SDX-1’ variety (unmown) 32 months following establishment.
The following is a detailed description of the new grass variety based upon observation of the grass grown in field plots and under live golf conditions on a local golf course.
The ‘SDX-1’ grass was developed by the applicants on Pine Island, Fla. in a saline environment. Early ecotypes from the applicants' turf development program were developed from crosses between Florida native ecotypes and ‘Adalayd’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,939) seashore paspalum. ‘SDX-1’ was developed by crossing applicants' improved turf-type ecotypes and subsequent evaluation of the resulting progeny. Trial areas of the grass were established and maintained under live golf conditions at Alden Pines Country Club, Bokeelia, Fla. (a salt water irrigated golf course) since 1997. This grass has been asexually propagated by the applicants as sprigs, plugs, and sod, and remain true to type in subsequent asexual reproductions, subject to damage from external factors, as discussed further below.
The age of the cultivar observed for the following botanical description was about 180 days. All color descriptions with respect to parts of the cultivar, where color is a distinguishing feature, are made to the Munsell Color Chart, except where terms of ordinary usage and dictionary meaning are used. The ‘SDX-1’ cultivar is a perennial grass. The grass stems have overlapping sheath margins and arise from an extensive system of long, straw colored, slender rhizomes and/or purple-tinged stolons. The grass blades are glabrous and folded, forming a V-shape. The grass blades have an olive green color, Munsell color designation 7.5 GY 4/6 (abaxial side) and 7.5 GY 5/4 (adaxial side). The blade length is generally 0.5-1.6 cm (unmown). The blades have a typical width of from 1.75 to 3.0 mm, varying with the level of salinity and tapering to an involute apex. Leaf-blade venation runs parallel without cross veins. The veins are obscure with a prominent mid-vein. The leaf margins are smooth. Leaf-sheath auricles are absent. The ligules have an eciliate membrane. External ligules are not present on the collar. Upon flowering, the culms are about 0.5-4.5 cm tall (most are 1.5-2.5 cm tall) with terminal inflorescence subtended by an unspecialized leaf-sheath. Inflorescence bears well-developed spikelets forming paired branches (racemes) at the culm apex about 0.6-1.6 cm in length. The racemes each have a broad, triangular rachis bearing two rows of spikelets (one floret per spikelet). The rachis are angular and narrowly winged. The rachis, which are tough and persistent, are also about 1-2 mm in width, and terminate in a spikelet. Spikelet packing is regular, two-rowed, abaxial, and contiguous, with subequal internodes.
Florets (seed) are ovate and about 0.4-0.75 mm in diameter. Glumes, palea, and lemma are awnless, glabrous, and green with an acute apex.
Leaf blade with and length of the ‘SDX-1’ cultivar are affected by both salinity level and by the length of sunlight exposure. It produces longer narrower leaf blades in winter compared to shorter, wider leaf blades in summer. Likewise, as salinity levels increase, shorter, narrower, and somewhat more erect leaf blades are produced, compared to longer wider blades produced upon irrigation with a fresh water or low salinity system.
This grass has shown to be particularly well suited for use on putting green surfaces due to the high shoot density, short internode length, short blades and fine texture produced under close mown conditons and saline irrigation. Due to its inherent dwarf growth form, this grass is also suited for use on high-quality lawn areas where an infrequent mowing regime is utilized, seldom exceeding 2 inches in overall height under unmown conditions in full sunlight. While ‘SDX-1’ exhibits dwarf growth form with short internode length and overall low vertical growth habit, the grass grows very vigorously and densely in a horizontal fashion and quickly forms a dense sod when established from sprigs. This grass has been tested under regular saline irrigation up to 26,000 ppm. Trials have been conducted applying 45,000 ppm (brine) salinity water to putting green surfaces established with this grass for weed and pest control. Target organisms have been eliminated with the brine water application with no apparent visual damage to the grass. Direct applications of table salt or sea salt has also been employed for weed control although temporary burning of the grass leaf tips may be observed with heavy salt applications.
SDX-1 develops an extensive rhizome system composed of primary rhizomes, with secondary and tertiary rhizome branches arising from the primary rhizomes. As the turf stand matures, the primary rhizomes will store appreciable carbohydrate reserves and become thickened and somewhat tuberous with the leaf shoots typically originating exclusively from the secondary and tertiary rhizome system. In the event that the turf is damaged such that loss of leaf shoots and rhizome branches occur, new leaf shoots may be initiated from nodes on the primary rhizomes. If such an event does occur, the initial leaf shoots arising from the thickened primary rhizomes will initially be larger and coarser than leaf shoots typical of the SDX-1 cultivar. As the turf recovers from the damage, and new rhizome branches are developed, the resultant leaf shoots will be typical of the SDX-1 cultivar as described. Restoration of the fine-textured leaf shoot system typical of the SDX-1 cultivar may be enhanced by common turf cultural practices, such as mowing and verti-cutting.
Damage to the turf that may result in leaf shoots emerging from primary rhizomes typically includes insect damage, disease damage, or damage from chemical burning (e.g. oil spill).
Thickened, primary rhizomes as described are typically 4 to 5 mm in diameter. Leaf blades from any emerging leaf shoots arising from such rhizomes are from about 4 to 5 mm in width, corresponding to the diameter of rhizome, and about 2 to 3 cm in length. Secondary rhizome branches are typically 1.5 to 3 mm in diameter, and tertiary rhizome branches are typically 0.75 to 1.5 mm in diameter. The primary rhizomes typically develop with some depth in the soil profile, from 4.75 to 10 cm in depth (occasionally up to 15 cm depth). Secondary and tertiary rhizome branches develop throughout the rhizome profile depth, with leaf shoot initiation typically restricted to those rhizomes within the 0 to 4 cm soil profile depth range.
Compared to ‘Adalayd’ (‘Excalibre’) seashore paspalum utilized for similar purposes, this grass has foremost greater salinity tolerance, and under saline conditions, improved density, finer texture, greater sod strength, increased rooting and improved color. Compared to other seashore paspalum turfgrass ecotypes developed by the applicants', ‘SDX-1’ is a compact, dwarf form that forms a low, dense, tight sod even under unmown conditions. Compared to other fine textured grass species (notably common and hybrid bermudagrass) for similar use, this grass has adaptations for moderate shade tolerance and enhanced temperature tolerance, retaining color at lower temperatures than bermudagrasses. This grass has a lower water use requirement compared to St. Augustine and hybrid bermudagrass cultivars and has enhanced qualities for drought tolerance and can be grown in sandy soils as well as in heavy-textured waterlogged soils.
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct cultivar of seashore paspalum grass, substantially as herein illustrated and described, characterized by its fine texture when closely mown, its superior tolerance to salt, drought, and soil hypoxic conditions, and its low, dwarf growth
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/759,481 USPP13294P3 (en) | 2001-01-12 | 2001-01-12 | Seashore paspalum ‘SDX-1’ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/759,481 USPP13294P3 (en) | 2001-01-12 | 2001-01-12 | Seashore paspalum ‘SDX-1’ |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20020095707P1 US20020095707P1 (en) | 2002-07-18 |
| USPP13294P3 true USPP13294P3 (en) | 2002-12-03 |
Family
ID=25055807
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/759,481 Expired - Lifetime USPP13294P3 (en) | 2001-01-12 | 2001-01-12 | Seashore paspalum ‘SDX-1’ |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | USPP13294P3 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008048653A2 (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2008-04-24 | Turf Ecosystems Llc | Seashore paspalum cultivar named 'te-13' |
| USPP19224P3 (en) | 2006-10-18 | 2008-09-16 | Turf Ecosystems, Llc | Seashore paspalum plant named ‘TE-13’ |
-
2001
- 2001-01-12 US US09/759,481 patent/USPP13294P3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (14)
| Title |
|---|
| ""SALAM' Seashore Paspalum" web page (www.woerner.com/wmpage/wsti/salam.htm) (1 pg) (Jan. 1998). |
| "Grass Experiment a Hit at Alden Pines," 2 pages (1980-1983). |
| "‘SALAM’ Seashore Paspalum" web page (www.woerner.com/wmpage/wsti/salam.htm) (1 pg) (Jan. 1998). |
| Brochure for Sweet ADALAYD, 2 pages (1980-1983?). |
| D. Guiot, et al. "Salty But Rarely Off Color," 2 pages (1980-1983?). |
| J. Morton, "Salt-Tolerant Silt Grass (Paspalum Vaginatum SW.)," Florida State Horticultural Society, 482-490 (1973). |
| R. Duncan, "Development of Multiple Stress Tolerant Seashore Paspalums for Golf Course Usage," USGA Annual Report, 7 pages (1996). |
| R. Duncan, "Development of Stress Tolerant Seashore Paspalum for Golf Course Usage," Preliminary Progress Report, University of Georgia, 8 pages (May 1993). |
| R. Duncan, "Environmental Compatibility of Seashore Paspalum for Golf Courses and Other Recreational Uses," ITS paper, 21 pages (Jul. 1997). |
| U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/502,903, Bennett, et al., filed Feb. 11, 2000. |
| U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/502,904, Bennett, et al., filed Feb. 11, 2000. |
| U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/643,286, DePew, et al., filed Aug. 22, 2000. |
| U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/643,598, DePew, et al., filed Aug. 22, 2000. |
| Z. Liu, et al., "Characterization and Analysis of Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) Loci in Seashore Paspalum," (www.nal.usda.gov/ttic/tektran/data), 2 pages (Jan. 21, 1998). |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008048653A2 (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2008-04-24 | Turf Ecosystems Llc | Seashore paspalum cultivar named 'te-13' |
| USPP19224P3 (en) | 2006-10-18 | 2008-09-16 | Turf Ecosystems, Llc | Seashore paspalum plant named ‘TE-13’ |
| WO2008048653A3 (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2008-10-16 | Turf Ecosystems Llc | Seashore paspalum cultivar named 'te-13' |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20020095707P1 (en) | 2002-07-18 |
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Owner name: ENVIRO-TURF LC, MICHIGAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ENVIRONMENTAL TURF SOLUTIONS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:013336/0391 Effective date: 20020913 Owner name: ENVIRONMENTAL TURF SOLUTIONS INC., FLORIDA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BENNETT, STEWART;DEPEW, MICHAEL;TILLMAN, PAUL;REEL/FRAME:013336/0419 Effective date: 20020913 |
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Owner name: SFR HOLDINGS, INC., COLORADO Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ENVIROTURF, LC;REEL/FRAME:016069/0609 Effective date: 20050415 |