USPP12048P2 - Cytisus scoparius L plant named ‘MEI KING’ - Google Patents
Cytisus scoparius L plant named ‘MEI KING’ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP12048P2 USPP12048P2 US09/274,959 US27495999V USPP12048P2 US PP12048 P2 USPP12048 P2 US PP12048P2 US 27495999 V US27495999 V US 27495999V US PP12048 P2 USPP12048 P2 US PP12048P2
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- king
- mei
- medium
- variety
- petal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 235000010495 Sarothamnus scoparius Nutrition 0.000 title description 2
- 241000219760 Cytisus scoparius Species 0.000 title 1
- 244000007853 Sarothamnus scoparius Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241000020115 Heterosperma pinnatum Species 0.000 description 8
- MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-4-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)naphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound Cc1ccc(N=Nc2c(O)c(cc3ccccc23)C(=O)Nc2cccc(c2)[N+]([O-])=O)c(c1)[N+]([O-])=O MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaleneacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013883 Dwarfism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000220485 Fabaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-benzyladenine Chemical compound N=1C=NC=2NC=NC=2C=1NCC1=CC=CC=C1 NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000256247 Spodoptera exigua Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002703 mutagenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000350 mutagenesis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003375 plant hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008653 root damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012090 tissue culture technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/54—Leguminosae or Fabaceae, e.g. soybean, alfalfa or peanut
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new and distinct horticultural variety of Cytisus scoparius L.
- C. scoparius L . is a woody shrub of the pulse family originally from Middle Europe and the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Horticultural varieties of C. scoparius L . having flowers in various colors such as yellow, white, red, cream and mixed colors etc. have been bred. The majority of such varieties are erect and low to slightly tall in height, although there are some which are dwarf such as creeping varieties. Because of the drawback of the required trimming and selection, C. scoparius L . is rarely used for ornamental planting.
- C. scoparius L presents the advantage of vigorous growth even in unfertile wasteland, so if a dwarf variety having a wide variety of flower colors could be bred, its use as a ground cover, ornamental shrub, etc. will be possible, with a wide variety of applications to be expected.
- the present inventors have developed a new dwarf variety of C. scoparius L . by a combination of mutagenesis by rapid irradiation and tissue culture technique, as described below:
- the young embryos thus irradiated were cultivated in an MS agar medium containing plant hormones (i.e., naphthalene acetic acid and benzyl adenine) at 25° C. for a day length of 16 hours, whereby re-differentiated plants were obtained via multi-blastema and shoots after callus induction.
- plant hormones i.e., naphthalene acetic acid and benzyl adenine
- the present ‘MEI KING’ variety has a cup-shaped spreading form and extreme dwarfism with a mature height of 35 cm.
- Leaf attachment is sparse with many flowers borne from the base of branches, the flowers being deep red and larger than those of the original variety.
- FIG. 1 shows the variety ‘MEI KING’
- FIG. 2 shows the variety ‘MEI KING’ at flowering time
- FIG. 3 shows the original variety ‘CRIMSON KING’.
- the original variety ‘CRIMSON KING’ is erect in form, while ‘MEI KING’ is prostrate, with spreading and cup-shaped form.
- the original variety is tall, with a plant height of about 160 cm, while ‘MEI KING’ is very dwarf, having a mature plant height of about 35 cm.
- the internode length is 0.9 cm, which is shorter than in the original variety.
- the leaf length is 11 cm, which is shorter than that of the original variety, and the petiole length is also shorter.
- the leaves are sparse as compared to the original variety.
- the standard petal is 21.5 mm in length and 19.1 mm in width, and the wing petal is 20 mm in length and 9.2 mm in width, and these are similar to those of the original variety.
- the shape of a floral bud is long elliptic and its color is deep red. When it blooms, the entire surfaces of both the adaxial and abaxial sides of a standard petal uniformly turn to a deep red color.
- the adaxial face of a wing petal is deep red while the abaxial face of the wing petal is light yellow.
- the standard petal and the wing petal of the present variety are comparatively larger than those of the original variety.
- the overall size of the flower is also larger, and the color of the flower deeper, in comparison to the original variety.
- Filaments are yellow and curvedly projected from petals with yellow anthers at the tips thereof. Pistils are hidden behind petals and invisible from the outside.
- the flower emits a fragrance characteristic of leguminosae.
- the total bloom period lasts approximately one month, and the prime of bloom is 7 to 10 days, which is a most valuable term for a decorative plant.
- Sexual fertility is poor, and few flowers become fertilized. Vegetative propagation by
- ‘MEI KING’ The distinctive characteristics of ‘MEI KING’ have been examined in plants cultured at Ashigara Farm in the period 1993-1997 as described above, according to the examination standards based on the Japanese Seeds and Seedlings Law. The characteristics of ‘MEI KING’ are set forth below, as compared to the variety ‘CRIMSON KING’.
- the ‘MEI KING’ cultivar has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions to date. Accordingly, it is possible that the phenotype may vary somewhat with variations in the environment, such as temperature, light intensity, and day length.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A new variety of C. scoparius L. named "MEI KING' is a dwarf shrub suitable for use a potted plant, garden shrub or ground cover.
Description
The present invention relates to a new and distinct horticultural variety of Cytisus scoparius L.
C. scoparius L. is a woody shrub of the pulse family originally from Middle Europe and the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Horticultural varieties of C. scoparius L. having flowers in various colors such as yellow, white, red, cream and mixed colors etc. have been bred. The majority of such varieties are erect and low to slightly tall in height, although there are some which are dwarf such as creeping varieties. Because of the drawback of the required trimming and selection, C. scoparius L. is rarely used for ornamental planting.
However, C. scoparius L. presents the advantage of vigorous growth even in unfertile wasteland, so if a dwarf variety having a wide variety of flower colors could be bred, its use as a ground cover, ornamental shrub, etc. will be possible, with a wide variety of applications to be expected.
The present inventors have developed a new dwarf variety of C. scoparius L. by a combination of mutagenesis by rapid irradiation and tissue culture technique, as described below:
1. In July 1990, pods of the original species ‘CRIMSON KING’, formed after 3 weeks of flowering, were externally sterilized in The Institute of Radiation Breeding, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Oomiya-cho, Naka-gun, Ibaraki Pref., Japan. Young embryos removed from these pods were irradiated with gamma rays of Co 60 and 100 Gy for 72 hours.
2. The young embryos thus irradiated were cultivated in an MS agar medium containing plant hormones (i.e., naphthalene acetic acid and benzyl adenine) at 25° C. for a day length of 16 hours, whereby re-differentiated plants were obtained via multi-blastema and shoots after callus induction.
3. In March 1991, the young plants sufficiently rooted in sterile medium were transferred to potting media in pots in a greenhouse, then acclimated therein, and transferred to a field.
4. Selection of a dwarf plant from the respective plants was conducted on the basis of plant height, plant width, internode length, etc. as indicators.
5. Evaluation of the practical characteristics of the resulting selected strain was carried out in the Institute of Radiation Breeding, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. In reproducing selected plants, branches were selected from the Institute of Radiation Breeding in June; cuttings each approximately 10 cm long were planted in sterilized river sand or vermiculite; and rooted plants were cultivated in a mist room. After April 1993, the evaluation was conducted in Ashigara Farm of Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd. in Kayama, Odawara City, Kanagawa Pref., Japan, and the present variety, which was judged to be a promising dwarf plant based on the examination results obtained up to May 1997, was finally selected.
The present ‘MEI KING’ variety has a cup-shaped spreading form and extreme dwarfism with a mature height of 35 cm. Leaf attachment is sparse with many flowers borne from the base of branches, the flowers being deep red and larger than those of the original variety.
FIG. 1 shows the variety ‘MEI KING’;
FIG. 2 shows the variety ‘MEI KING’ at flowering time; and
FIG. 3 shows the original variety ‘CRIMSON KING’.
The original variety ‘CRIMSON KING’ is erect in form, while ‘MEI KING’ is prostrate, with spreading and cup-shaped form. The original variety is tall, with a plant height of about 160 cm, while ‘MEI KING’ is very dwarf, having a mature plant height of about 35 cm. The internode length is 0.9 cm, which is shorter than in the original variety. The leaf length is 11 cm, which is shorter than that of the original variety, and the petiole length is also shorter. The leaves are sparse as compared to the original variety. The standard petal is 21.5 mm in length and 19.1 mm in width, and the wing petal is 20 mm in length and 9.2 mm in width, and these are similar to those of the original variety.
The shape of a floral bud is long elliptic and its color is deep red. When it blooms, the entire surfaces of both the adaxial and abaxial sides of a standard petal uniformly turn to a deep red color. The adaxial face of a wing petal is deep red while the abaxial face of the wing petal is light yellow. The standard petal and the wing petal of the present variety are comparatively larger than those of the original variety. The overall size of the flower is also larger, and the color of the flower deeper, in comparison to the original variety. Filaments are yellow and curvedly projected from petals with yellow anthers at the tips thereof. Pistils are hidden behind petals and invisible from the outside. The flower emits a fragrance characteristic of leguminosae. The total bloom period lasts approximately one month, and the prime of bloom is 7 to 10 days, which is a most valuable term for a decorative plant. Sexual fertility is poor, and few flowers become fertilized. Vegetative propagation by cuttings is required for reproduction.
The distinctive characteristics of ‘MEI KING’ have been examined in plants cultured at Ashigara Farm in the period 1993-1997 as described above, according to the examination standards based on the Japanese Seeds and Seedlings Law. The characteristics of ‘MEI KING’ are set forth below, as compared to the variety ‘CRIMSON KING’.
| Characteristic | ’MEI KING' | ’CRIMSON KING' |
| Plant vigor | weak to medium | medium to strong |
| Plant form | flat circle to flat | elliptic |
| Plan height | low (35 cm in 5-year | tall to very tall |
| mature plant) | (160 cm) | |
| Direction of | spreading to greatly | erect to spreading |
| branching | spreading | |
| Internode length | short (0.9 cm) | medium (1.1 cm) |
| Leaf composition | mixture of single | mixture of single |
| (one leaflet) and | (one leaflet) and | |
| compound (two or | compound (two or | |
| three leaflets) in | three leaflets) in | |
| varying ratio | varying ratio | |
| Leaf shape | long elliptic | long elliptic |
| Color of leaf | green | green-deep green |
| Shape of leaf tip | sharp to obtuse | sharp to obtuse |
| Shape of leaf edge | smooth | smooth |
| Warp of leaf | convexly warped to | convexly warped to |
| flat | flat | |
| Length of leaf | short to medium | medium to long |
| (11.0 mm) | (12.3 mm) | |
| Width of leaf | medium (3.0 mm) | medium (3.5 mm) |
| Length of petiole | short (5-10 mm) | medium |
| Leaf | sparse | medium |
| Color of new shoots | light red | light red |
| Pubescence of new | little | little |
| shoots | ||
| Shape of flower bud | long elliptic | long elliptic |
| Size of flower bud | medium | medium |
| Size of flower | medium to large | medium |
| Color of standard | red | red |
| petal (surface) | JHS: 0415 | JHS: 0415 |
| RHS: 53C | RHS: 53C | |
| Color of standard | red | white to yellow |
| petal (back) | JHS: 0415 | JHS: 2202 |
| RHS: 53C | RHS: 18C | |
| 19C | ||
| 20D | ||
| 158A | ||
| 162D | ||
| 164D | ||
| Color of wing petal | red | red |
| (surface) | JHS: 0415 | JHS: 0415 |
| RHS: 53C | RHS: 53C | |
| Color of wing petal | white to yellow | white to yellow |
| (back) | JHS: 2202 | JHS: 2202 |
| RHS: 18C | RHS: 18C | |
| 19C | 19C | |
| 20D | 20D | |
| 158A | 158A | |
| 162D | 162A | |
| 164D | 164D | |
| Length of standard | short to medium | short |
| petal | (21.5 mm) | (20.1 mm) |
| Width of standard | medium | medium |
| petal | (19.1 mm) | (17.5 mm) |
| Length of wing petal | short (20.0 mm) | short (19.6 mm) |
| Width of wing petal | narrow (9.2 mm) | narrow (9.1 mm) |
| No. of stamen | medium | medium |
| Branch sprouting time | seasonal, late | late |
| sprouting begins | ||
| around March | ||
| Flowering time | average, begins | average |
| (70-80%) | mid-April to mid-May | |
| Leaf falling time | average, begins around | average |
| October and completed | ||
| mid-winter | ||
| Disease resistance | no susceptibility to any | |
| serious disease, but | ||
| susceptible to | ||
| inchworm | ||
| Culture | can survive in poor | |
| soil if well drained, | ||
| but root damage if | ||
| poorly drained. | ||
The ‘MEI KING’ cultivar has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions to date. Accordingly, it is possible that the phenotype may vary somewhat with variations in the environment, such as temperature, light intensity, and day length.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/274,959 USPP12048P2 (en) | 1998-03-31 | 1999-03-23 | Cytisus scoparius L plant named ‘MEI KING’ |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10-10758 | 1998-03-31 | ||
| US09/274,959 USPP12048P2 (en) | 1998-03-31 | 1999-03-23 | Cytisus scoparius L plant named ‘MEI KING’ |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USPP12048P2 true USPP12048P2 (en) | 2001-08-14 |
Family
ID=23050307
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/274,959 Expired - Lifetime USPP12048P2 (en) | 1998-03-31 | 1999-03-23 | Cytisus scoparius L plant named ‘MEI KING’ |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USPP12048P2 (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP10811P (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 1999-03-02 | Plant Development Services Inc. | Ternstroemia gymnanthera variety named `Conthera` |
-
1999
- 1999-03-23 US US09/274,959 patent/USPP12048P2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP10811P (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 1999-03-02 | Plant Development Services Inc. | Ternstroemia gymnanthera variety named `Conthera` |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Dirr, M.A. Manual of Woody Landscape Plants, p. 1145. Stipes Publishing, Ilinois, 1998. * |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGROBIOLOGICAL RESOURCES, MI Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:NAGATOMI, SHIGEKI;ANZAI, HIROYUKI;KATSUMATA, KAZUKO;REEL/FRAME:009860/0593 Effective date: 19990316 Owner name: MEIJI SEIKA KAISHA, LTD., JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:NAGATOMI, SHIGEKI;ANZAI, HIROYUKI;KATSUMATA, KAZUKO;REEL/FRAME:009860/0593 Effective date: 19990316 |
|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGROBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, JAP Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGROBIOLOGICAL RESOURCES, MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES;REEL/FRAME:012038/0430 Effective date: 20010426 |
|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGROBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, JAP Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGROBIOLOGICAL RESOURCES, MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES;REEL/FRAME:012221/0909 Effective date: 20010622 |