USPP12047P2 - Variety of Cytisus scoparius L. plant named ‘MEI ROAD’ - Google Patents
Variety of Cytisus scoparius L. plant named ‘MEI ROAD’ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP12047P2 USPP12047P2 US09/274,958 US27495899V USPP12047P2 US PP12047 P2 USPP12047 P2 US PP12047P2 US 27495899 V US27495899 V US 27495899V US PP12047 P2 USPP12047 P2 US PP12047P2
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- Prior art keywords
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- mei road
- scoparius
- petal
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 244000007853 Sarothamnus scoparius Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 235000010495 Sarothamnus scoparius Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 3
- 244000010815 Phlomis lychnitis Species 0.000 title claims 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 18
- 241000020115 Heterosperma pinnatum Species 0.000 description 8
- MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-4-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)naphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical group Cc1ccc(N=Nc2c(O)c(cc3ccccc23)C(=O)Nc2cccc(c2)[N+]([O-])=O)c(c1)[N+]([O-])=O MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaleneacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013883 Dwarfism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000220485 Fabaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-benzyladenine Chemical compound N=1C=NC=2NC=NC=2C=1NCC1=CC=CC=C1 NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000256247 Spodoptera exigua Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002703 mutagenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000350 mutagenesis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003375 plant hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008653 root damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012090 tissue culture technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/54—Leguminosae or Fabaceae, e.g. soybean, alfalfa or peanut
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new and distinct horticultural variety of Cytisus scoparius L.
- C. scoparius L. is a woody shrub of the pulse family originally from Middle Europe and the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Horticultural varieties of C. scoparius L. having various flower colors such as yellow, white, red, cream and mixed colors etc. have been bred. The majority of such varieties are erect and low to slighty tall in height, although there are some which are dwarf such as creeping varieties. Because of the drawback of the required trimming and selection, C. scoparius L. is rarely used for ornamental planting.
- C. scoparius L. presents the advantage of vigorous growth even in unfertile wasteland, so if a dwarf variety having a wide variety of flower colors could be bred, its use as a ground cover, ornamental shrub, etc., will be possible, with a wide variety of applications to be expected.
- the present inventors have developed a new moderately dwarf variety of C. scoparius L. by a combination of mutagenesis by rapid irradiation and tissue culture techniques, as described below:
- the young embryos thus irradiated were cultivated in an MS agar medium containing plant hormones, (i.e., naphthalene acetic acid and benzyl adenine) at 25° C. for a day length of 16 hours, whereby re-differentiated plants were obtained via multi-blastema and shoots after callus induction.
- plant hormones i.e., naphthalene acetic acid and benzyl adenine
- the present ‘MEI ROAD’ variety has a cup-shaped form and moderate dwarfism, which reaches maturation after five years, with a mature height of 90 cm and a mature spread of 40-50 cm.
- the leaves are sparse and there are more and larger flowers than in the original variety.
- FIG. 1 shows the C. scoparius L. variety ‘MEI ROAD’.
- FIG. 2 is a photograph of the variety ‘MEI ROAD’ at flowering time.
- FIG. 3 shows the original variety ‘CRIMSON KING’.
- the original variety ‘CRIMSON KING’ is tall, with a plant height of about 160 cm, while ‘MEI ROAD’ is moderately dwarf, having a mature plant height of about 90 cm.
- the leaf length and leaf width are 11 cm and 3 mm, respectively, which are shorter than those of the original variety, and the petiole length is also shorter.
- the leaves are sparse as compared to the original variety.
- the flower color is deep red which is almost the same color as in the original variety, the color classified as No. 0414 in the JHS Color Chart which corresponds to RHS 53 B, 179A and 185B.
- the size of the flower is large as opposed to the original variety which is medium size. That is, the standard petal of the present variety is slightly long having a length of 20.6 mm and a width of 19.1 mm. As compared with the original variety, the wing petal of the present variety has a slightly shorter length of 18.4 mm and a slightly longer width of 9.5 mm. The present variety produces more flowers than the original variety.
- the shape of a floral but is long elliptic and its color is deep red.
- the adaxial face of a standard petal uniformly turn to deep red color, while the abaxial face is light yellow.
- the adaxial face of a wing petal is deep red while the abaxial face of the wing petal is light yellow.
- the standard petal and the wing petal of the present variety are comparatively larger than those of the original variety.
- the overall size of the flower is also larger, and the color of the flower deeper, in comparison to the original variety.
- Filaments are yellow and curvedly projected from petals with yellow anthers at the tips thereof. Pistils are hidden behind petals and invisible from the outside.
- the flower emits a fragrance characteristiv of leguminosae.
- the total bloom period last approximately one month, and the prime of bloom is 7 to 10 days, which is a most valuable term for a decorative plant.
- Sexual fertility is poor, and few flowers become fertilized. Vegetative propagation by cuttings is required
- the ‘MEI ROAD’ cultivar has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions to date. Accordingly, it is possible that the phenotype may vary somewhat with variations in the environment, such as temperature, light intensity, and day length.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A new variety of C. scoparius L. named "MEI ROAD' is a dwarf shrub suitable for use a potted plant, garden shrub or ground cover.
Description
The present invention relates to a new and distinct horticultural variety of Cytisus scoparius L.
C. scoparius L. is a woody shrub of the pulse family originally from Middle Europe and the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Horticultural varieties of C. scoparius L. having various flower colors such as yellow, white, red, cream and mixed colors etc. have been bred. The majority of such varieties are erect and low to slighty tall in height, although there are some which are dwarf such as creeping varieties. Because of the drawback of the required trimming and selection, C. scoparius L. is rarely used for ornamental planting.
However, C. scoparius L. presents the advantage of vigorous growth even in unfertile wasteland, so if a dwarf variety having a wide variety of flower colors could be bred, its use as a ground cover, ornamental shrub, etc., will be possible, with a wide variety of applications to be expected.
The present inventors have developed a new moderately dwarf variety of C. scoparius L. by a combination of mutagenesis by rapid irradiation and tissue culture techniques, as described below:
1. In July 1990, pods of the original species ‘CRIMSON KING’, formed after 3 weeks of flowering, were externally sterilized in The Institute of Radiation Breeding, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Oomiya-cho, Naka-gun, Ibaraki Pref., Japan. Young embryos removed from these pods were irradiated with gamma rays of Co 60 at 100 Gy for 72 hours.
2. The young embryos thus irradiated were cultivated in an MS agar medium containing plant hormones, (i.e., naphthalene acetic acid and benzyl adenine) at 25° C. for a day length of 16 hours, whereby re-differentiated plants were obtained via multi-blastema and shoots after callus induction.
3. In March 1991, the young plants sufficiently rooted in a sterile medium were transferred to potting media in pots in a greenhouse, then acclimated therein, and transferred to a field.
4. Selection of a dwarf plant from the respective plants was conducted on the basis of plant height, plant width, internode length, etc., as indicators.
5. Evaluation of the practical characteristics of the resulting selected strain was carried out in The Institute of Radiation Breeding, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. In reproducing the selected plants, branches were selected from The Institute of Radiation breeding in June; cutting each approximately 10 cm long were planted in sterilized river sand or vermiculite; and rooted plants were cultivated in a mist room. After April 1993, the evaluation was conducted in Ashigara Farm of Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd. in Kayama, Odawara City, Kanagawa Pref., Japan, and the present C. scoparius L. variety, which was judged to be a promising dwarf plant based on the examination results obtained up to May 1997, was finally selected.
The present ‘MEI ROAD’ variety has a cup-shaped form and moderate dwarfism, which reaches maturation after five years, with a mature height of 90 cm and a mature spread of 40-50 cm. The leaves are sparse and there are more and larger flowers than in the original variety.
FIG. 1 shows the C. scoparius L. variety ‘MEI ROAD’.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the variety ‘MEI ROAD’ at flowering time.
FIG. 3 shows the original variety ‘CRIMSON KING’.
The original variety ‘CRIMSON KING’ is tall, with a plant height of about 160 cm, while ‘MEI ROAD’ is moderately dwarf, having a mature plant height of about 90 cm. The leaf length and leaf width are 11 cm and 3 mm, respectively, which are shorter than those of the original variety, and the petiole length is also shorter. The leaves are sparse as compared to the original variety.
The flower color is deep red which is almost the same color as in the original variety, the color classified as No. 0414 in the JHS Color Chart which corresponds to RHS 53 B, 179A and 185B. The size of the flower is large as opposed to the original variety which is medium size. That is, the standard petal of the present variety is slightly long having a length of 20.6 mm and a width of 19.1 mm. As compared with the original variety, the wing petal of the present variety has a slightly shorter length of 18.4 mm and a slightly longer width of 9.5 mm. The present variety produces more flowers than the original variety.
The shape of a floral but is long elliptic and its color is deep red. When it blooms, the adaxial face of a standard petal uniformly turn to deep red color, while the abaxial face is light yellow. The adaxial face of a wing petal is deep red while the abaxial face of the wing petal is light yellow. The standard petal and the wing petal of the present variety are comparatively larger than those of the original variety. The overall size of the flower is also larger, and the color of the flower deeper, in comparison to the original variety. Filaments are yellow and curvedly projected from petals with yellow anthers at the tips thereof. Pistils are hidden behind petals and invisible from the outside. The flower emits a fragrance characteristiv of leguminosae. The total bloom period last approximately one month, and the prime of bloom is 7 to 10 days, which is a most valuable term for a decorative plant. Sexual fertility is poor, and few flowers become fertilized. Vegetative propagation by cuttings is required for reproduction.
The distinctive characteristics of ‘MEI ROAD’ have been examined in plants cultured at Ashigara Farm in the period 1993-1997 as described above, according to the examination standards based on the Japanese Seeds and Seedlings Law. The characteristics of ‘MEI ROAD’ and the comparative variety ‘CRIMSON KING’ are described below.
| Characteristic | ’MEI KING' | ’CRIMSON KING' |
| Plant vigor | medium | medium to strong |
| Plant form | elliptic | elliptic |
| Plant height | medium (90 cm in | tall to very tall |
| 5-year mature plant) | (160 cm) | |
| Direction of branching | erect to spreading | erect to spreading |
| Internode length | medium (1.0 cm) | medium (1.1 cm) |
| Leaf composition | mixture of single | mixture of single |
| (one leaflet) and | (one leaflet) and | |
| compound (two or | compound (two or | |
| three leaflets) in | three leaflets) in | |
| varying ratio | varying ratio | |
| Leaf shape | long elliptic | long elliptic |
| Color of leaf | green | green-deep green |
| Shape of leaf tip | sharp-obutse | sharp-obtuse |
| Shape of leaf edge | smooth | smooth |
| Warp of leaf | convexly warped-flat | convexly warped-flat |
| Length of leaf | short-medium | medium-long |
| (11.5 mm) | (12.3 mm) | |
| Width of leaf | medium (3.0 mm) | medium (3.5 mm) |
| Length of petiole | short-medium | medium |
| (5-10 mm) | ||
| Leaf | sparse | medium |
| Shape of flower bud | long elliptic | long elliptic |
| Size of flower bud | medium | medium |
| Size of flower | medium-large | medium |
| Color of standard | orange-red | red |
| petal (surface) | JHS: 0414 | JHS: 0415 |
| RHS: 53B; 179A; | RHS: 53C | |
| 185B | ||
| Color of standard | white-yellow | white-yellow |
| petal (back) | JHS: 2202 | JHS: 2202 |
| RHS: 18C | RHS: 18C | |
| 19C | 19C | |
| 20D | 20D | |
| 158A | 158A | |
| 162D | 162D | |
| 164D | 164D | |
| Color or wing petal | orange-red | red |
| (surface) | JHS: 0414 | JHS: 0415 |
| RHS: 53B; 179A; | RHS: 53C | |
| 185B | ||
| Color of wing petal | white-yellow | white-yellow |
| (back) | JHS: 2202 | JHS: 2202 |
| RHS: 18C | RHS: 18C | |
| 19C | 19C | |
| 20D | 20D | |
| 158A | 158A | |
| 162D | 162D | |
| 164D | 164D | |
| Length of standard | short-medium | short |
| petal | (20.6 mm) | (20.1 mm) |
| Width of standard | medium | medium |
| petal | (19.1 mm) | (17.5 mm) |
| Length of wing petal | short (18.4 mm) | short (19.6 mm) |
| Width of wing petal | narrow | narrow |
| (9.5 mm) | (9.1 mm) | |
| No. of stamen | medium | medium |
| Branch sprouting time | seasonal, late | late |
| sprouting begins | ||
| around March | ||
| Flowering time | average, begins | average |
| (70-80%) | mid-April to mid-May | |
| Leaf falling time | average, begins around | average |
| October and completed | ||
| mid-November | ||
| Disease resistance | no susceptibility to any | |
| serious disease, but | ||
| susceptible to | ||
| inchworm | ||
| Culture | can survive in poor | |
| soil if well drained, | ||
| but root damage if | ||
| poorly drained. | ||
The ‘MEI ROAD’ cultivar has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions to date. Accordingly, it is possible that the phenotype may vary somewhat with variations in the environment, such as temperature, light intensity, and day length.
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct variety of Cytisus scoparius L. plant named ‘MEI ROAD’ substantially
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/274,958 USPP12047P2 (en) | 1998-03-31 | 1999-03-23 | Variety of Cytisus scoparius L. plant named ‘MEI ROAD’ |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11-10759 | 1998-03-31 | ||
| US09/274,958 USPP12047P2 (en) | 1998-03-31 | 1999-03-23 | Variety of Cytisus scoparius L. plant named ‘MEI ROAD’ |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USPP12047P2 true USPP12047P2 (en) | 2001-08-14 |
Family
ID=23050301
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/274,958 Expired - Lifetime USPP12047P2 (en) | 1998-03-31 | 1999-03-23 | Variety of Cytisus scoparius L. plant named ‘MEI ROAD’ |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USPP12047P2 (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP10811P (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 1999-03-02 | Plant Development Services Inc. | Ternstroemia gymnanthera variety named `Conthera` |
-
1999
- 1999-03-23 US US09/274,958 patent/USPP12047P2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP10811P (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 1999-03-02 | Plant Development Services Inc. | Ternstroemia gymnanthera variety named `Conthera` |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Dirr, M.A. Manual of Woody Landscape Plants, p. 1145. Stipes Publishing, Illnois, 1998. * |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGROBIOLOGICAL RESOURCES, MI Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:NAGATOMI, SHIGEKI;ANZAI, HIROYUKI;KATSUMATA, KAZUKO;REEL/FRAME:009855/0577 Effective date: 19990316 Owner name: MEIJI SEIKA KAISHA, LTD., JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:NAGATOMI, SHIGEKI;ANZAI, HIROYUKI;KATSUMATA, KAZUKO;REEL/FRAME:009855/0577 Effective date: 19990316 |
|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGROBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, JAP Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGROBIOLOGICAL RESOURCES, MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES;REEL/FRAME:012038/0430 Effective date: 20010426 |
|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGROBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, JAP Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGROBIOLOGICAL RESOURCES, MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES;REEL/FRAME:012221/0909 Effective date: 20010622 |