USPP10384P - Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass - Google Patents
Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP10384P USPP10384P US08/763,076 US76307696V US10384P US PP10384 P USPP10384 P US PP10384P US 76307696 V US76307696 V US 76307696V US 10384 P US10384 P US 10384P
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- kentucky bluegrass
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- 241000209049 Poa pratensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 241000221535 Pucciniales Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 15
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 30
- 101000635799 Homo sapiens Run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein Proteins 0.000 description 17
- 241000699696 Meriones Species 0.000 description 17
- 102100030852 Run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein Human genes 0.000 description 17
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 240000001140 Mimosa pudica Species 0.000 description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000024346 drought recovery Effects 0.000 description 7
- 244000292693 Poa annua Species 0.000 description 5
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000585703 Adelphia <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009105 vegetative growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000221300 Puccinia Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000813090 Rhizoctonia solani Species 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000152045 Themeda triandra Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000992404 Drechslera poae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221662 Sclerotinia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001518640 Sclerotinia homoeocarpa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012297 crystallization seed Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/12—Leaves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/46—Gramineae or Poaceae, e.g. ryegrass, rice, wheat or maize
- A01H6/466—Poa, e.g. bluegrass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/44—Three or more members connected at single locus
- Y10T403/443—All encompassed
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of Poa pratensis that has been designated Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass.
- Ba 78-258 plant material was selected from the open pollinated progeny of Ba70-62 Kentucky Bluegrass, a bluegrass plant maintained at The Scott Company's Research Station in Marysville, Ohio. After testing and observing the Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass variety, it was determined to be a distinct variety, and it was asexually propagated by rhizomes, tillers and disseminules.
- Ba 78-258 has a number of highly desirable characteristics including a medium to high level of resistance to (a) Dreschslera spp. that causes leaf spot, melting and out and crown rot; (b) Sclerotinia homoeocarpa that causes dollar spot; (c) Puccinia spp. that causes several types of rust infections; and (d) Rhizoctonia solani that causes brown patch.
- Ba 78-258 is an overall goof turfgrass performer as evidence by medium to high scores for quality and color. Ba 78-258 has a high seed yield potential in the Bluegrass seed production region of the northwestern United States.
- Ba 78-258 In comparison with a number of other Kentucky Bluegrass varieties, Ba 78-258 has an average size seed and rachilla; significantly more hairs on the palea than other grasses; and an above average seed count.
- the panicle is above average in length and width; average in whorl number, and has an above average branch count for both the lower and third whorls.
- Ba 78-258 has average size spikelets, floret number and glumes.
- the peduncle is above average in length and width, and culm length; average in node number and internode length; and below average for internode color.
- the flag leaf and flag ligule are significantly longer than several other grasses.
- the leaf is above average in width and thickness and has above average hair content on the dosal side of the ligule and the leaf sheath margin.
- the leaf has below average hair on the leaf's margin and dosal side.
- the vegetative leaf and the vegetative ligule are above average in length; but, leaf width and thickness are close to average in comparison to other gases.
- the hair content of the vegetative leaf is as follows: (a) significantly greater than most other grasses for the upper margin of the ligule; (b) above average for the sheath margins and the leaf dosal side; and (c) below average for the leaf margins, and ventral sides, collar margins, and the dosal side of the sheath.
- FIG. 1 is a Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass panicle
- FIG. 2 is a Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass seed
- FIG. 3 is a Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass plant shortly after completing anthesis.
- Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is perennial with creeping rhizomes forming a dense turf.
- culms are erect averaging 48.6 cm in length and 3.2 nodes per culm and the uppermost internode averages 13.6 cm in length.
- the peduncle averages 22.2 cm in length and 0.71 mm in width.
- the vegetative leaf averages 22.4 cm in length, 3.4 mm in width, 0.24 mm in thickness and a ligule length of 0.46 mm.
- the flag leaf averages 5.6 cm in length, 3.7 mm in width, 0.13 mm in thickness and a ligule length of 1.73 mm.
- the panicle averages 90.3 mm in length, 56.6 mm in width, and 8.5 whorls.
- the lowest whorl and the third whorl from the bottom of the panicle average 2.8 and 3.5 branches, respectively.
- a spikelet in the lowest whorl averages 4.7 mm in length, 2.2 mm in width, 3.2 florets and the outer and inner glumes average 3.1 mm and 3.6 mm in length and 0.6 mm and 0.8 mm in width, respectively.
- a spikelet from the third whorl from the bottom of the panicle averages 4.5 mm in length, 2.3 mm in width, 3.3 florets and the outer and inner glumes average 3.0 mm and 3.5 mm in length and 0.5 mm and 0.7 mm in width, respectively.
- the conditioned seed of Ba 78-258 averages 3.02 mm in length, 0.85 mm in width, and a rachilla length of 0.85 mm.
- the seed has a high level of hairs at the base of the lemma and palea margin.
- Ba 78-258 differs significantly from several of the Kentucky Bluegrass varieties in regard to the following morphological characteristics: (1) the culm and top internode length; (2) the flag leaf and flag leaf ligule; (3) significantly more hair for the upper margin of the vegetative leaf ligule; and (4) significantly more hairs on the palea. Since environmental conditions such as soil and climate may influence morphological characteristics to some extent, comparisons of morphological characteristics of Ba 78-258 were made with other Kentucky Bluegrass varieties and the comparisons are set forth in the following Tables 3-8:
- Ba 78-258 has performed well throughout the U.S. as exhibited by medium to high turf quality ratings in comparison to many other Kentucky Bluegrass varieties. In addition, it has a dark green color which can be maintained throughout the growing season.
- Turf diseases are one of the major causes of inconsistent and poor turf performance.
- Ba 78-258 has been found to have a medium to high level of resistance to the following diseases: (a) leaf spot and melting out caused by Dreschslera poae formerly called Helminthosporium vagans; (b) dollar spot caused by Sclerotinia homoecarpa; (c) several diseases of rusts caused by Puccinia spp.; and (d) brown patch caused by Rhizoctonia solani.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A variety of Kentucky Bluegrass having a medium to high level of resistance to leaf spot and melting out, dollar spot rusts and brown patch; a dark green color throughout the growing season; the ability to form a medium to high quality turf under a variety of environmental conditions; a moderately wide leaf blade; a strong root system and a high level of seed yielding capacity.
Description
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of Poa pratensis that has been designated Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass.
2. Description of Related Art
Kentucky Bluegrasses have been dislcosed in U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,156, issued May 9, 1972, U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,186, issued May 23, 1972; U.S. Plant Patent No. 4,336, issued Nov. 28, 1978; U.S. Plant No. 6,280, issued Sep. 6, 1988; U.S. Plant Pat. Nos. 6,537 and 6,538, issued on Jan. 17, 1989; U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,585, issued Feb. 7, 1989; U.S. Plant No. 7,831, issued Mar. 17, 1992; U.S. Plant Pat. No. 8,490, issued Dec. 7, 1993; U.S. Plant. Pat. No. 9,036, issued Jan. 3, 1995; U.S. Plant Pat. No. 9,209, issued Jul. 18, 1995; U.S. Plant Pat. No. 9,611, issued Jul. 23, 1996; and pending U.S. Plant patent applications Ser. No. 08/532,995, filed Sep. 22, 1995, now U.S. Plant Pat. No. 9,848, issued Apr. 1, 1997; Ser. No. 08/604,763, filed Feb. 23, 1996, now U.S. Plant Pat. No. 9,977, issued Jul. 22, 1997; Ser. No. 08/680,167, filed Jul. 15, 1996 and Ser. No. 08/680,168, filed Jul. 15, 1996.
Ba 78-258 plant material was selected from the open pollinated progeny of Ba70-62 Kentucky Bluegrass, a bluegrass plant maintained at The Scott Company's Research Station in Marysville, Ohio. After testing and observing the Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass variety, it was determined to be a distinct variety, and it was asexually propagated by rhizomes, tillers and disseminules.
Seed of Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass was produced first at Marysville, Ohio and later at Gervais, Oreg. This seed was used to plant turf performance evaluation trials and later seed production fields. Asexual production of Ba 78-258 by propagules (tillers and rhizomes) and by disseminules (modified caryopses produced by apomixis) has consistently produced progeny plants indistinguishable from the mother plant. The apomixis level of Ba 78-258 is approximately 95% based upon examining seedling characteristics of approximately 100 to 150 seedlings from different crop years in a growth chamber.
Ba 78-258 has a number of highly desirable characteristics including a medium to high level of resistance to (a) Dreschslera spp. that causes leaf spot, melting and out and crown rot; (b) Sclerotinia homoeocarpa that causes dollar spot; (c) Puccinia spp. that causes several types of rust infections; and (d) Rhizoctonia solani that causes brown patch. Ba 78-258 is an overall goof turfgrass performer as evidence by medium to high scores for quality and color. Ba 78-258 has a high seed yield potential in the Bluegrass seed production region of the northwestern United States.
In comparison with a number of other Kentucky Bluegrass varieties, Ba 78-258 has an average size seed and rachilla; significantly more hairs on the palea than other grasses; and an above average seed count. The panicle is above average in length and width; average in whorl number, and has an above average branch count for both the lower and third whorls. Ba 78-258 has average size spikelets, floret number and glumes. The peduncle is above average in length and width, and culm length; average in node number and internode length; and below average for internode color. The flag leaf and flag ligule are significantly longer than several other grasses. The leaf is above average in width and thickness and has above average hair content on the dosal side of the ligule and the leaf sheath margin. The leaf has below average hair on the leaf's margin and dosal side. The vegetative leaf and the vegetative ligule are above average in length; but, leaf width and thickness are close to average in comparison to other gases. The hair content of the vegetative leaf is as follows: (a) significantly greater than most other grasses for the upper margin of the ligule; (b) above average for the sheath margins and the leaf dosal side; and (c) below average for the leaf margins, and ventral sides, collar margins, and the dosal side of the sheath.
FIG. 1 is a Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass panicle;
FIG. 2 is a Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass seed; and
FIG. 3 is a Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass plant shortly after completing anthesis.
Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is perennial with creeping rhizomes forming a dense turf. When plants overwinter in the field under freezing temperatures and are then brought into the greenhouse during late winter to continue growth undistributed by clipping under moderate temperatures (60°-80° F.), culms are erect averaging 48.6 cm in length and 3.2 nodes per culm and the uppermost internode averages 13.6 cm in length. The peduncle averages 22.2 cm in length and 0.71 mm in width. The vegetative leaf averages 22.4 cm in length, 3.4 mm in width, 0.24 mm in thickness and a ligule length of 0.46 mm. The flag leaf averages 5.6 cm in length, 3.7 mm in width, 0.13 mm in thickness and a ligule length of 1.73 mm.
The panicle averages 90.3 mm in length, 56.6 mm in width, and 8.5 whorls. The lowest whorl and the third whorl from the bottom of the panicle average 2.8 and 3.5 branches, respectively. A spikelet in the lowest whorl averages 4.7 mm in length, 2.2 mm in width, 3.2 florets and the outer and inner glumes average 3.1 mm and 3.6 mm in length and 0.6 mm and 0.8 mm in width, respectively. A spikelet from the third whorl from the bottom of the panicle averages 4.5 mm in length, 2.3 mm in width, 3.3 florets and the outer and inner glumes average 3.0 mm and 3.5 mm in length and 0.5 mm and 0.7 mm in width, respectively.
The conditioned seed of Ba 78-258 averages 3.02 mm in length, 0.85 mm in width, and a rachilla length of 0.85 mm. The seed has a high level of hairs at the base of the lemma and palea margin.
Comparisons of Ba 78-258 with other Kentucky Bluegrass varieties in terms of seed dimensions and seed numbers per pound are shown in Table 1 and 2 as follows:
TABLE 1
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Seed Length and Width; Rachilla,
and Lemma Hairs and Palea Hairs of Ba 78-258 and Other
Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties After Conditioning.
Seed Hairs*
Length Width Rachilla
Lemma Palea
Variety mm mm mm Base Margin
______________________________________
Ba 78-258
3.02 0.85 0.68 3.50 3.10
Ba 78-165
3.32 0.97 0.50 4.00 1.60
Ba 77-700
3.20 0.85 0.77 2.80 0.90
Abbey 3.02 0.85 0.56 1.80 0.40
Ascot 3.00 0.82 0.68 6.30 1.50
Cannon 3.32 0.85 0.72 0.20 2.00
Gnome 2.93 0.90 0.61 2.10 0.80
Merit 2.85 0.78 0.62 0.90 0.15
Viva 2.72 0.77 0.79 1.20 0.20
LSD (.05)
0.191 0.072 0.177 1.53 0.823
______________________________________
*Rating Scale: 0-9; 9 = most hairs
TABLE 2
______________________________________
Comparison of Seeds Per Pound of Ba 78-258 and Other Kentucky
Bluegrass Varieties After Conditioning.
Seeds
Variety Per Pound
______________________________________
Ba 78-258
1,127,000
Ba 78-165
965,500
Abbey 988,500
Buckingham
978,000
Cannon 1,023,250
Coventry
1,374,750
Garfield
1,250,500
Newport 1,250,250
Viva 993,500
LSD (.05)
77,042
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 differs significantly from several of the Kentucky Bluegrass varieties in regard to the following morphological characteristics: (1) the culm and top internode length; (2) the flag leaf and flag leaf ligule; (3) significantly more hair for the upper margin of the vegetative leaf ligule; and (4) significantly more hairs on the palea. Since environmental conditions such as soil and climate may influence morphological characteristics to some extent, comparisons of morphological characteristics of Ba 78-258 were made with other Kentucky Bluegrass varieties and the comparisons are set forth in the following Tables 3-8:
TABLE 3
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Panicles, Whorl Number and Whorl
Branches of Ba 78-258 and Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties in
the Greenhouse at Marysville, OH.
Number of
Panicles Branches
Length Width Whorl Lowest Third
Variety (mm) (mm) Number Whorl Whorl
______________________________________
Ba 78-258
90.3 56.6 8.5 3.8 3.5
Ba 78-165
78.7 48.2 8.1 3.2 2.5
Ba 77-700
87.7 57.9 8.2 3.9 3.3
Abbey 86.4 54.1 9.0 4.1 3.3
Ascot 91.4 60.7 9.1 2.4 2.3
Cannon 91.7 49.9 8.9 4.4 3.6
Gnome 85.4 43.7 9.1 3.6 3.4
Merit 77.3 38.9 8.1 2.9 2.8
Viva 82.5 46.6 8.0 3.4 3.0
LSD (.05)
8.03 8.83 0.65 0.71 0.59
______________________________________
TABLE 4
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Spikelets and Florets of Ba 78-258
and Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at
Marysville, OH.
Spikelets Number of Florets
Lowest Whorl Third Whorl Per Spikelet
Length Width Length
Width Lowest Third
Variety mm mm mm mm Whorl Whorl
______________________________________
Ba 78-258
4.7 2.2 4.5 2.3 3.2 3.3
Ba 78-165
4.3 2.1 4.5 2.2 2.8 2.9
Ba 77-700
4.6 2.1 4.7 2.4 2.9 3.2
Abbey 5.0 2.3 4.9 2.3 3.3 3.3
Ascot 5.3 2.3 5.5 2.5 3.2 3.6
Cannon 4.7 2.0 4.8 2.1 3.2 3.1
Gnome 4.5 2.3 4.7 2.2 3.2 3.0
Merit 5.0 2.5 5.2 2.5 3.9 3.8
Viva 4.9 1.9 5.0 2.0 3.3 3.3
LSD (.05)
0.43 0.35 0.46 0.34 0.52 0.59
______________________________________
TABLE 5
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Glumes of Ba 78-258 and Other
Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at Marysville,
______________________________________
OH.
Outer Glume
Lowest Whorl Third Whorl
Length Width Length
Width
Variety mm mm mm mm
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 3.1 0.6 3.0 0.5
Ba 78-165 2.7 0.4 2.7 0.5
Ba 77-700 3.0 0.6 2.9 0.6
Abbey 2.9 0.6 3.0 0.7
Ascot 3.9 0.6 4.0 0.7
Cannon 3.2 0.7 3.1 0.6
Gnome 2.8 0.6 2.9 0.6
Merit 3.0 0.6 3.0 0.6
Viva 3.1 0.5 3.1 0.5
LSD (.05) 0.29 0.12 0.29 0.13
______________________________________
Inner Glume
Lowest Whorl Third Whorl
Length Width Length
Width
Variety mm mm mm mm
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 3.6 0.8 3.5 0.7
Ba 78-165 3.2 0.6 3.4 0.6
Ba 77-700 3.4 0.7 3.5 0.7
Abbey 3.4 0.9 3.5 0.8
Ascot 4.3 0.7 4.5 0.9
Cannon 3.5 0.8 3.5 0.8
Gnome 3.3 0.8 3.3 0.8
Merit 3.4 0.8 3.5 0.9
Viva 3.6 0.7 3.6 0.7
LSD (.05) 0.29 0.13 0.28 0.14
______________________________________
TABLE 6
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Flag Leaves of Ba 78-258 and
Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at Marysville,
______________________________________
OH.
Leaf
Ligule
Length Width Thickness
Length
Variety cm mm mm mm
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 5.6 3.7 0.13 1.73
Ba 78-165 4.0 3.5 0.12 1.45
Ba 77-700 4.1 3.0 0.08 1.35
Abbey 4.7 3.6 0.12 1.53
***Ascot 4.4 2.9 0.11 1.52
Cannon 5.3 3.7 0.12 1.75
Gnome 4.6 3.2 0.10 1.40
Merit 4.2 2.3 0.08 0.98
Viva 3.4 2.5 0.11 1.45
LSD (.05) 1.14 0.61 0.02 0.24
______________________________________
Hairs
Leaf Leaf
Ligule Leaf Sheath
Sheath
Variety Dosal Margin Margin
Dosal
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 2.1 1.4 1.2 0.0
Ba 78-165 2.0 0.2 0.1 0.0
Ba 77-700 1.3 1.8 0.8 0.0
Abbey 1.9 2.2 1.3 0.6
***Ascot 0.8 1.9 0.5 1.2
Cannon 1.4 2.4 0.8 0.0
Gnome 1.8 1.3 1.0 0.4
Merit 1.0 1.8 0.9 1.4
Viva 2.5 1.5 0.4 0.0
LSD (.05) 0.83 0.72 0.79 0.62
______________________________________
*Rating Scale: 0-9; 0 = none; 9 =0 many
TABLE 7
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Peduncles, Culms, Nodes Numbers
Per Culm, Internode Length, and Internode Color or Ba 78-258 and
Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at
Marysville, OH.
Peduncle Culm Nodes Internode*
Inter-
Length Width Length
Per Length node**
Variety
cm mm cm Culm cm Color
______________________________________
Ba 78-258
22.2 0.71 48.6 3.2 13.6 0.3
Ba 78-165
22.4 0.73 47.5 3.1 14.8 1.9
Ba 77-700
21.6 0.68 50.6 3.2 14.7 0.2
Abbey 21.5 0.77 40.6 2.6 10.7 0.1
Ascot 17.5 0.68 41.9 3.1 14.6 1.6
Cannon 20.0 0.74 48.3 3.6 13.4 0.0
Gnome 17.3 0.69 40.6 3.2 10.6 1.2
Merit 23.6 0.66 44.1 3.0 11.8 0.8
Viva 19.7 0.55 50.7 3.5 14.9 0.0
LSD (.05)
2.6 0.8 2.6 0.5 1.2 0.8
______________________________________
*Top Internode
**Rating Scale: 0-9; = darkest color
TABLE 8
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Vegetative Leaves of Ba 78-258 and Other
Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at Marysville,
______________________________________
OH.
Leaf
Ligule
Length Width Thickness
Length
Variety cm mm mm mm
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 22.4 3.4 0.24 0.46
Ba 78-165 24.2 3.9 0.23 0.35
Ba 77-700 23.2 3.5 0.23 0.50
Abbey 19.3 3.5 0.21 0.45
Ascot 20.4 3.2 0.21 0.42
Cannon 24.6 3.6 0.40 0.46
Gnome 19.5 3.8 0.24 0.48
Merit 21.8 3.6 0.23 0.41
Viva 25.0 3.2 0.24 0.40
LSD (.05) 3.67 0.42 0.14 0.06
______________________________________
Hair*
Ligule
upper Color Sheath
Sheath
Variety Margin Margin Margin
Dosal
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 7.7 2.1 4.1 4.7
Ba 78-165 4.5 2.0 3.3 3.9
Ba 77-700 7.3 2.9 3.1 5.3
Abbey 3.9 2.9 2.1 3.3
Ascot 4.1 3.5 3.0 3.2
Cannon 6.2 2.9 3.2 3.7
Gnome 5.6 3.9 2.9 3.1
Merit 5.4 3.2 3.7 3.0
Viva 6.6 4.5 4.3 3.9
LSD (.05) 1.10 0.87 1.21 0.98
______________________________________
Leaf Hairs*
Variety Margin Ventral Dosal
______________________________________
Ba 78-258
0.6 0.4 1.0
Ba 78-165
1.3 0.2 1.7
Ba 77-700
1.5 0.2 0.1
Abbey 0.4 1.0 0.2
Ascot 0.9 0.0 0.9
Cannon 0.4 0.9 0.7
Gnome 1.0 0.9 0.5
Merit 0.1 0.5 0.0
Viva 1.5 0.2 0.2
LSD (.05)
0.75 0.61 0.54
______________________________________
*Rating Scale: 0-9; 0 = none; 9 = many
Ba 78-258 has performed well throughout the U.S. as exhibited by medium to high turf quality ratings in comparison to many other Kentucky Bluegrass varieties. In addition, it has a dark green color which can be maintained throughout the growing season.
With regard to comparative analysis conducted for purposes of determining color of Ba 78-258 plants relative to other Kentucky Bluegrass varieties, readings were taken of the vegetative color of Ba 78-258 during mid-October while the turf was actively growing with adequate nutrient with water availability. The readings were taken in full sun with several actively growing leaves being compared, one at a time, utilizing color chips from the Munsell Book of Color as a reference. On this basis, the color of Ba 78-258 was determined to be 5 GY 4/6. During the same time period, the color of similar leaves of other Kentucky Bluegrass varieties were determined by the same procedure to be as follows: Ascot -- 5 Gy 4/4; Buckingham -- 7.5 GY 4/4; Ba77-700 -- 5 GY 4/6; Midnight -- 7.5 GY 4/4, Abbey -- 5 GY 4/6; and Victa -- 5 GY 4/4. However, it should be noted that the general apparent color of turf does not always correlate directly with the color of the individual actively growing leaves within the turf and that turf color varies with nutrient level and time of year with some varieties being darker or lighter green depending on such factors.
Comparisons of Ba 78-258 with other Kentucky Bluegrass varieties for quality, genetic color, winter color, leaf texture, drought tolerance including wilting, dormancy and recovery are set forth hereinafter in Tables 9-18:
TABLE 9
______________________________________
A Comparison of Quality of Ba 78-258 and Other Kentucky
Bluegrass Varieties at Six (6) Locations in the U.S.
Test Locations
Fort Post Marys-
Belts-
Blacks-
Variety Collins Falls Lexington
ville ville burg
______________________________________
Ba 78-258
8.7 6.1 6.1 6.8 6.7 4.9
Ba 77-700
8.0 5.1 5.5 6.2 6.7 4.9
Abbey 7.0 5.1 6.2 6.7 6.8 5.0
Able 1 7.7 7.3 5.4 7.0 6.5 5.0
Allure 8.7 6.2 5.8 7.3 7.1 4.6
Ascot 9.0 7.7 5.5 5.8 7.4 4.9
A-34 8.7 5.9 5.2 7.0 6.2 4.9
Banff 8.7 6.2 6.6 6.8 6.7 5.1
Baron 7.7 5.4 6.4 7.0 7.0 5.7
Buckingham
7.3 7.3 4.4 5.5 6.3 4.1
Cannon 8.0 5.1 5.7 6.5 6.8 5.1
Challenger
8.7 7.3 5.2 6.7 6.6 4.1
Classic 8.3 5.5 5.6 6.8 6.7 4.8
Coventry
8.7 7.2 6.5 6.7 7.0 4.7
Eclipse 8.3 5.9 6.9 6.2 7.3 5.0
Estate 8.7 6.4 6.0 7.0 6.4 5.0
Fairfax 8.7 6.7 5.8 6.8 6.8 4.9
Georgetown
8.0 6.3 6.0 6.5 6.9 4.4
Glade 9.0 7.5 6.8 7.0 7.6 4.3
Gnome 8.0 5.2 5.8 7.0 7.0 5.0
Haga 8.0 5.9 6.4 7.0 6.8 4.5
Kelly 7.7 5.7 6.0 6.5 6.8 5.0
Kenblue 7.7 2.7 4.9 7.0 6.2 3.9
Liberty 8.3 6.5 5.5 6.5 6.7 4.7
Merion 6.7 2.7 3.8 5.2 4.8 3.2
Merit 8.0 4.8 5.9 6.5 6.6 5.0
Midnight
8.0 7.9 6.7 6.7 7.7 4.9
Monopoly
7.7 4.9 6.0 7.3 6.1 5.1
Nassau 8.0 5.8 6.0 6.0 6.3 4.8
Ram 1 8.0 7.3 5.3 7.3 7.0 5.3
So. Dakota
7.0 4.3 4.7 6.2 4.9 3.0
Touchdown
9.0 7.1 5.3 6.7 6.5 4.7
Viva 7.7 5.1 5.5 6.5 6.6 4.9
LSD (.05)
1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.5 0.9
______________________________________
Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = Ideal Turf
TABLE 10
______________________________________
A Comparison of Quality of Ba 78-258 and Other Kentucky
Bluegrass Varieties at Four (4) Locations in the U.S.
Test Locations
Urbana Marysville
Hubbard Pullman
Variety IL OH OR WA
______________________________________
Ba 78-258
5.5 7.0 5.6 6.3
Ba 77-700
4.8 6.7 4.6 5.8
Abbey 4.8 6.0 4.9 6.5
Able 1 5.5 7.0 5.4 5.8
Allure 6.0 7.0 6.4 5.9
Ascot 4.9 7.0 6.7 6.5
A-34 6.0 7.0 5.3 5.5
Banff 5.6 6.7 5.3 6.1
Baron 5.3 7.0 5.8 6.1
Buckingham
4.3 6.0 4.9 6.1
Cannon 5.1 6.3 4.7 5.7
Challenger
5.0 7.3 5.4 6.3
Classic 6.2 6.3 4.5 6.2
Coventry 6.0 7.0 5.9 6.1
Eclipse 5.9 7.0 5.3 6.1
Estate 5.9 7.3 6.6 6.2
Fairfax 6.5 6.3 6.5 6.1
Georgetown
5.2 6.7 4.9 6.3
Glade 5.8 7.0 5.0 6.3
Gnome 4.7 6.3 4.1 5.9
Haga 5.5 7.0 5.2 6.4
Kelly 5.0 6.7 4.4 5.5
Kenblue 4.8 4.0 4.3 5.2
Liberty 5.3 6.7 5.6 6.3
Merion 3.8 6.7 4.1 6.2
Merit 4.8 6.3 4.3 6.0
Midnight 5.0 7.0 4.2 6.2
Monopoly 6.0 6.7 4.4 5.3
Nassau 4.2 6.7 4.9 6.3
Ram 1 5.0 7.0 5.6 6.7
So. Dakota
4.2 3.7 2.7 5.3
Touchdown
5.6 6.3 3.3 6.4
Viva 4.8 6.0 4.9 6.2
LSD (.05)
0.9 0.9 1.1 0.7
______________________________________
Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = Ideal Turf
TABLE 11
______________________________________
A Comparison of Quality of Ba 78-258 and Other Kentucky
Bluegrass Varieties at Five (5) Locations in the U.S.
Test Locations
Fort Collins
Urbana Martinsville
Kingston
Pullman
Variety CO IL NJ RI WA
______________________________________
Ba 78-258
6.7 4.6 5.4 5.7 5.9
Ba 77-700
6.3 3.9 4.4 5.7 5.3
Abbey 6.3 3.6 4.7 5.7 5.6
Able 1 6.3 4.2 6.1 5.8 5.6
Allure 5.9 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.8
Ascot 6.7 4.2 6.0 5.7 6.0
A-34 5.2 4.6 5.0 5.6 5.2
Banff 6.1 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.4
Baron 5.3 4.1 5.0 5.7 5.8
Buckingham
5.6 2.9 5.4 4.6 5.7
Cannon 6.1 4.0 4.3 5.4 6.0
Challenger
6.1 3.2 5.3 5.2 5.3
Classic 5.8 4.8 4.9 5.4 5.9
Coventry
6.1 5.4 5.0 5.0 5.9
Eclipse 6.6 5.0 5.9 6.1 6.3
Estate 5.8 4.7 5.1 5.2 5.6
Fairfax 5.9 5.3 4.8 5.3 5.7
Georgetown
5.8 4.3 5.0 5.3 5.4
Glade 6.1 5.2 4.6 5.8 4.9
Gnome 5.9 3.6 4.7 5.4 5.7
Haga 5.6 4.2 4.8 5.2 5.4
Kelly 5.9 4.3 4.2 5.2 5.3
Kenblue 3.7 4.2 2.8 4.9 3.9
Liberty 6.2 4.5 5.2 5.3 6.0
Merion 5.1 3.1 4.1 5.4 5.8
Merit 6.1 4.6 5.1 5.7 5.9
Midnight
7.1 4.3 7.3 5.1 6.1
Monopoly
4.7 5.7 4.6 5.5 5.3
Nassau 5.8 3.0 5.2 5.2 5.6
Ram 1 6.1 3.8 4.7 5.7 4.7
So. Dakota
4.1 3.6 2.1 4.6 3.7
Touchdown
6.4 4.5 5.3 5.2 6.0
Viva 6.1 4.0 4.4 5.9 5.8
LSD (.05)
0.7 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.7
______________________________________
Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = Ideal Turf
TABLE 12
______________________________________
A Comparison of Quality of Ba 78-258 and Other Kentucky Bluegrass
Varieties at Four (4) Locations in the U.S.
Test Locations
Ames Hubbard Kingston
Haymarket
Variety IA OR RI VA
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 7.3 4.9 5.8 5.3
Ba 77-700 6.9 3.7 6.0 5.4
Abbey 6.8 3.2 5.7 5.4
Able 1 7.2 5.4 5.9 3.6
Allure 7.4 5.6 5.0 5.7
Ascot 7.8 6.1 5.8 4.2
A-34 7.2 4.0 5.4 4.7
Banff 7.0 3.7 4.6 4.4
Baron 6.9 3.7 5.6 5.7
Buckingham
6.7 3.8 4.4 4.4
Cannon 6.7 3.8 5.2 5.4
Challenger
7.1 3.8 4.7 5.2
Classic 7.1 3.6 4.9 4.8
Coventry 7.3 5.1 5.3 5.8
Eclipse 7.1 3.2 6.0 4.9
Estate 7.7 5.2 5.5 5.7
Fairfax 7.4 5.1 5.6 5.7
Georgetown
7.2 3.1 5.4 4.9
Glade 7.1 2.9 4.8 5.8
Gnome 7.1 3.0 5.5 5.7
Haga 7.0 3.4 5.1 5.1
Kelly 6.9 4.0 5.3 5.5
Kenblue 5.8 2.9 4.5 4.7
Liberty 7.1 3.6 5.3 4.2
Merion 6.9 3.7 5.4 5.6
Merit 6.9 3.9 5.7 5.3
Midnight 8.2 3.2 5.0 5.2
Monopoly 6.9 3.1 5.2 4.8
Nassau 6.9 4.0 4.9 5.2
Ram 1 7.2 3.3 5.2 5.2
So. Dakota
6.1 2.8 4.8 4.8
Touchdown 7.0 3.0 4.5 4.3
Viva 6.9 3.4 5.6 5.8
LSD (.05) 0.5 1.4 0.8 1.0
______________________________________
Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = Ideal Turf
TABLE 13
______________________________________
A Comparison of Genetic Color of Ba 78-258 and Other
Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties in Four (4) Tests A-D
Conducted at Various Locations in the U.S.
Tests (Mean Values)
Variety A B C D
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 5.9 5.7 5.8 6.4
Ba 77-700 5.7 5.5 5.8 6.3
Abbey 5.6 5.9 5.8 6.7
Able 1 6.6 6.8 6.8 6.9
Allure 5.7 5.2 5.6 5.7
Ascot 6.9 6.8 7.2 7.4
A-34 5.0 5.4 4.6 5.7
Banff 5.1 6.0 5.5 5.8
Baron 6.0 6.0 5.9 6.6
Buckingham 7.0 7.2 7.2 7.2
Cannon 6.0 5.7 6.4 6.6
Challenger 6.0 6.2 5.9 5.9
Classic 5.2 5.9 5.2 5.9
Coventry 5.9 5.6 5.8 6.0
Eclipse 6.3 6.6 6.4 7.2
Estate 5.8 5.3 5.3 6.3
Fairfax 6.0 5.4 5.4 5.9
Georgetown 5.2 6.1 5.3 6.2
Glade 6.7 6.3 6.7 6.6
Gnome 6.0 6.1 5.8 6.7
Haga 5.1 5.8 5.3 6.1
Kelly 5.6 5.7 6.1 6.8
Kenblue 4.6 5.0 5.3 5.6
Liberty 5.9 6.1 6.1 6.4
Merion 5.7 5.8 5.4 6.0
Merit 5.7 5.7 6.2 6.6
Midnight 7.1 7.3 7.7 7.6
Monopoly 4.8 4.9 4.8 4.7
Nassau 6.0 6.6 6.5 6.8
Ram 1 6.7 5.9 6.6 6.2
So. Dakota 4.5 4.8 4.7 5.8
Touchdown 5.5 5.5 5.3 6.1
Viva 5.5 5.5 5.9 6.6
LSD (.05) 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.8
______________________________________
Genetic Color Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = Dark Green
TABLE 14 ______________________________________ A Comparison of Winter Color of Ba 78-258 and Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties in Two (2) Tests A-B Conducted at Various Locations in the U.S. Variety Test A* Test B** ______________________________________ Ba 78-258 6.0 4.7 Ba 77-700 5.0 5.0 Abbey 1.7 6.3 Able 1 6.3 3.3 Allure 6.0 6.3 Ascot 4.7 4.3 A-34 6.7 2.0 Banff 9.0 3.7 Baron 2.3 5.7 Buckingham 5.3 6.3 Cannon 2.3 6.0 Challenger 7.3 4.3 Classic 9.0 3.3 Coventry 7.0 3.7 Eclipse 4.7 3.7 Estate 5.7 5.0 Fairfax 6.0 4.5 Georgetown 8.0 3.3 Glade 1.7 3.7 Gnome 1.0 5.7 Haga 9.0 3.0 Kelly 2.3 5.7 Kenblue 1.3 3.0 Liberty 7.3 3.3 Merion 6.7 3.3 Merit 3.7 6.0 Midnight 3.0 1.7 Monopoly 4.3 2.7 Nassau 7.7 5.0Ram 1 1.7 3.7 So. Dakota 2.3 4.0 Touchdown 3.0 2.3 Viva 2.3 4.0 LSD (.05) 1.9 2.1 ______________________________________ Winter Color Rating Scale; 1-9; 9 = Complete Color Retention *Location: North Brunswick, NJ **Location: Post Falls, ID
TABLE 15 ______________________________________ A Comparison of Leaf Texture of Ba 78-258 and Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties in Two (2) Test A-B Conducted at Various Locations in the U.S. Variety Test A* Test B* ______________________________________ Ba 78-258 4.7 4.0 Ba 77-700 4.0 4.0 Abbey 5.0 4.3 Able 1 5.7 6.3 Allure 4.3 4.0 Ascot 5.3 6.0 A-34 4.3 5.2 Banff 5.3 5.2 Baron 5.0 4.2 Buckingham 4.0 3.7 Cannon 4.0 4.0 Challenger 5.0 4.5 Classic 5.3 5.3 Coventry 5.0 4.2 Eclipse 5.7 5.7 Estate 4.3 3.8 Fairfax 4.7 4.0 Georgetown 6.0 4.8 Glade 5.0 4.8 Gnome 5.3 4.2 Haga 5.7 5.2 Kelly 4.3 4.0 Kenblue 6.0 5.8 Liberty 5.0 4.7 Merion 4.0 4.2 Merit 4.7 4.0 Midnight 6.7 6.0 Monopoly 5.0 4.5 Nassau 5.0 4.3Ram 1 5.0 4.8 So. Dakota 3.7 4.8 Touchdown 5.3 5.8 Viva 4.3 4.0 LSD (.05) 0.9 0.8 ______________________________________ Leaf Texture Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = very fine *Locations: Martinsville, NJ; pooled data from Halsey, Hubbard, and Gervais, OR.
TABLE 16
______________________________________
A Comparison of Drought Tolerance (Wilting) of Ba 78-258 and Other
Kentucky Varieties in a Test A Conducted at Richmond Hills, Canada.
Variety Test A
______________________________________
Ba 78-258
5.3
Ba 77-700
5.0
Abbey 5.0
Able 1 5.3
Allure 4.3
Ascot 4.0
A-34 5.3
Banff 4.7
Baron 4.7
Buckingham
4.3
Cannon 5.0
Challenger
4.7
Classic 4.7
Coventry
4.7
Eclipse 5.0
Estate 5.3
Fairfax 4.3
Georgetown
4.7
Glade 5.0
Gnome 4.0
Haga 4.3
Kelly 5.0
Kenblue 4.3
Liberty 5.0
Merion 5.0
Merit 4.3
Midnight
4.7
Monopoly
5.0
Nassau 4.0
Ram 1 4.7
So. Dakota
4.3
Touchdown
4.7
Viva 5.0
LSD (.05)
1.2
______________________________________
Drought Tolerance (Wilting) Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = No Wilting
TABLE 17
______________________________________
A Comparison of Drought Tolerance (Dormancy) of Ba 78-258 and Other
Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties in a Test A Conducted at Haymarket, VA.
Variety Test A
______________________________________
Ba 78-258
4.7
Ba 77-700
5.3
Abbey 4.3
Able 1 3.3
Allure 4.0
Ascot 4.0
A-34 3.0
Banff 3.3
Baron 4.0
Buckingham
4.0
Cannon 4.0
Challenger
3.3
Classic 3.7
Coventry
3.7
Eclipse 4.3
Estate 4.3
Fairfax 4.3
Georgetown
3.7
Glade 5.0
Gnome 3.7
Haga 3.0
Kelly 4.0
Kenblue 4.0
Liberty 3.0
Merion 3.7
Merit 4.7
Midnight
3.7
Monopoly
4.0
Nassau 3.3
Ram 1 4.3
So. Dakota
4.0
Touchdown
4.0
Viva 4.7
LSD (.05)
1.1
______________________________________
Drought Tolerance (Dormancy) Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = No Dormancy
TABLE 18
______________________________________
A Comparison of Drought Tolerance (Recovery) of Ba 78-258
and Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties in a Test A
Conducted at Various Locations in the U.S.
Test A*
Variety (Mean Values)
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 5.3
Ba 77-700 4.8
Abbey 4.5
Able 1 4.3
Allure 4.7
Ascot 3.2
A-34 3.3
Banff 3.5
Baron 5.5
Buckingham 2.8
Cannon 4.3
Challenger 3.5
Classic 4.2
Coventry 4.7
Eclipse 3.3
Estate 5.5
Fairfax 5.0
Georgetown 3.5
Glade 4.2
Gnome 4.8
Haga 4.0
Kelly 4.5
Kenblue 4.8
Liberty 4.2
Merion 3.5
Merit 5.7
Midnight 4.5
Monopoly 4.7
Nassau 5.0
Ram 1 4.3
So. Dakota 3.7
Touchdown 4.3
Viva 4.8
LSD (.05) 1.2
______________________________________
Drought Recovery Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = Complete Recovery
*Locations: Carbondale, IL; pooled data from Halsey, Hubbard and Gervais,
OR.
Turf diseases are one of the major causes of inconsistent and poor turf performance. Ba 78-258 has been found to have a medium to high level of resistance to the following diseases: (a) leaf spot and melting out caused by Dreschslera poae formerly called Helminthosporium vagans; (b) dollar spot caused by Sclerotinia homoecarpa; (c) several diseases of rusts caused by Puccinia spp.; and (d) brown patch caused by Rhizoctonia solani.
Comparisons of disease incidence of Ba 78-258 as compared with other Kentucky Bluegrass varieties in regard to leaf spot, dollar spot, rusts, and brown patch are presented in Tables 19-24.
TABLE 19
______________________________________
A Comparison of Leaf Spot incidence IN Ba 78-258 and
Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties in Two (2) Tests
Conducted at Various Locations in the U.S.
Means
Variety Test 1* Test 2**
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 5.8 6.9
Ba 77-700 5.7 7.2
Abbey 5.1 7.8
Able 1 7.1 7.8
Allure 5.8 7.7
Ascot 7.4 8.1
A-34 5.4 7.2
Banff 5.9 7.8
Baron 5.4 7.1
Buckingham 6.8 8.3
Cannon 5.8 8.0
Challenger 6.9 8.0
Classic 5.4 7.8
Coventry 5.8 6.8
Eclipse 7.4 8.1
Estate 5.9 7.9
Fairfax 4.9 6.6
Georgetown 6.3 8.0
Glade 4.8 4.8
Gnome 5.7 7.6
Haga 5.9 7.2
Kelly 5.1 7.2
Kenblue 1.8 1.2
Liberty 6.8 8.1
Merion 7.3 8.0
Merit 5.4 7.4
Midnight 6.6 8.1
Monopoly 5.2 7.1
Nassau 6.2 8.2
Ram 1 4.9 3.4
So. Dakota 1.8 2.2
Touchdown 6.3 7.4
Viva 5.1 7.4
LSD (.05) 0.7 0.9
______________________________________
Leaf Spot Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = No Disease
*Locations: Post, Falls, ID; North Brunswick, NJ; Adelphia, NJ;
Marysville, OH
**Locations: Post Falls, ID; North Brunswick, NJ; Adelphia, NJ.
TABLE 20
______________________________________
A Comparison of Dollar Spot Disease Incidence in Ba 78-258
and Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties in Three (3) Tests
Conducted at Various Locations in the U.S.
Means
Variety Test 1* Test 2** Test 3***
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 7.0 6.2 8.3
Ba 77-700 7.0 7.0 7.7
Abbey 6.8 6.3 8.3
Able 1 6.8 6.1 7.7
Allure 6.4 5.3 6.0
Ascot 7.8 7.0 8.3
A-34 6.7 6.0 8.7
Banff 6.4 6.2 8.7
Baron 6.9 6.8 8.0
Buckingham 7.9 4.8 8.3
Cannon 6.6 6.4 8.7
Challenger 6.4 4.7 --
Classic 7.4 6.3 8.5
Coventry 5.9 5.9 7.0
Eclipse 7.5 7.2 8.3
Estate 5.3 5.6 8.0
Fairfax 5.8 6.0 6.5
Georgetown 6.9 6.1 8.3
Glade 7.0 6.4 7.7
Gnome 6.7 6.1 8.3
Haga 6.3 6.2 8.3
Kelly 7.3 6.3 8.3
Kenblue 6.8 6.8 8.7
Liberty 7.3 6.8 8.0
Merion 6.9 6.1 8.0
Merit 6.8 6.7 8.0
Midnight 8.0 6.6 8.3
Monopoly 7.1 6.7 7.7
Nassau 7.4 6.7 8.3
Ram 1 6.0 4.9 6.3
So. Dakota 7.3 5.8 8.5
Touchdown 6.8 6.1 7.3
Viva 7.1 6.2 8.0
LSD (.05) 1.1 0.8 1.1
______________________________________
Dollar Spot Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = No Disease
*Locations: Urbana, IL; Adelphia, NJ; Kingston, RI; Haymarket, VA.
**Locations: Urbana, IL; Silver Spring, MD; Kingston, RI.
***Locations: Silver Spring, MD.
TABLE 21
______________________________________
A comparison of Stem Rust Disease Incidence in Ba 78-258
and Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties at Adelphia, NJ.
Variety Stem Rust
______________________________________
Ba 78-258
7.0
Ba77-700
7.3
Abbey 7.0
Able 1 3.3
Allure 6.3
Ascot 7.3
A-34 4.3
Banff 7.7
Baron 7.0
Buckingham
5.7
Cannon 7.3
Challenger
4.0
Classic 8.0
Coventry
6.7
Eclipse 4.0
Estate 6.3
Fairfax 6.3
Georgetown
8.7
Glade 7.7
Gnome 7.0
Haga 8.0
Kelly 8.0
Kenblue 5.7
Liberty 7.7
Merion 1.0
Merit 6.3
Midnight
8.0
Monopoly
6.3
Nassau 8.0
Ram 1 8.0
So. Dakota
4.3
Touchdown
2.3
Viva 6.7
LSD (.05)
1.4
______________________________________
Stem Rust Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = No Disease
TABLE 22
______________________________________
A Comparison of Leaf Rust Disease Incidence in Ba 78-258
and Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties at Kingston, RI.
Variety Leaf Rust
______________________________________
Ba 78-258
7.3
Ba77-700
8.0
Abbey 6.3
Able 1 7.0
Allure 6.0
Ascot 6.0
A-34 6.0
Banff 7.0
Baron 8.3
Buckingham
6.7
Cannon 6.3
Challenger
5.7
Classic 8.7
Coventry
7.0
Eclipse 5.7
Estate 6.3
Fairfax 6.0
Georgetown
7.7
Glade 7.0
Gnome 6.7
Haga 7.0
Kelly 5.0
Kenblue 6.7
Liberty 7.3
Merion 2.3
Merit 6.0
Midnight
6.0
Monopoly
5.3
Nassau 7.0
Ram 1 6.7
So. Dakota
6.7
Touchdown
3.7
Viva 5.7
LSD (.05)
2.4
______________________________________
Leaf Rust Range Scale: 1-9; 9 = No Disease
TABLE 23
______________________________________
A Comparison of Brown Patch Disease Incidence in
Ba 78-258 and Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties at
Haymarket, VA.
Variety Brown Patch
______________________________________
Ba 78-258
8.7
Ba77-700
6.0
Abbey 9.0
Able 1 8.3
Allure 7.7
Ascot 8.7
A-34 7.3
Banff 8.0
Baron 7.7
Buckingham
7.0
Cannon 8.7
Challenger
6.0
Classic 7.0
Coventry
6.7
Eclipse 7.3
Estate 7.0
Fairfax 5.3
Georgetown
6.7
Glade 8.3
Gnome 7.7
Haga 7.0
Kelly 7.0
Kenblue 5.3
Liberty 7.0
Merion 7.0
Merit 8.7
Midnight
8.3
Monopoly
7.0
Nassau 8.0
Ram 1 6.7
So. Dakota
6.3
Touchdown
8.3
Viva 7.7
LSD (.05)
2.4
______________________________________
Brown Patch Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = No Disease
TABLE 24 ______________________________________ A Comparison of Stripe Rust Disease Incidence in Ba 78-258 and Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties at Gervais, OR. Variety Stripe Rust ______________________________________ Ba 78-258 3.6 Ba77-700 3.6 Ba 78-165 6.0 Abbey 4.0 Allure 2.4 Ascot 6.4 Bristol 4.6 Buckingham 4.6 Cannon 5.6 Chateau 2.4 Coventry 1.8 Estate 2.8 Fairfax 2.6 Gnome 4.2 Kelly 5.8 Newport 8.8 Victa 6.4 Viva 4.4 LSD (.05) 1.6 ______________________________________ Stripe Rust Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = Most Rust
Additional comparisons for sod strength, Poa annua content, mature plant height, vegetative growth versus seed heads, panicle length, days to heading, days to anthesis and seed yields are presented in Tables 25-32.
TABLE 25 ______________________________________ A Comparison of Sod Strength of Ba 78-258 and Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties at Haymarket, VA. Variety Sod Strength ______________________________________ Ba 78-258 36.0 Ba77-700 34.3 Abbey 49.7 Able 1 31.3 Allure 34.3 Ascot 27.7 A-34 29.0 Banff 33.3 Baron 38.3 Buckingham 26.0 Cannon 29.0 Challenger 31.7 Classic 28.3 Coventry 36.3 Eclipse 26.3 Estate 35.3 Fairfax 32.0 Georgetown 24.3 Glade 21.0 Gnome 39.0 Haga 26.7 Kelly 39.7 Kenblue 31.7 Liberty 27.7 Merion 27.7 Merit 41.0 Midnight 26.7 Monopoly 28.7 Nassau 21.7Ram 1 36.3 So. Dakota 18.3 Touchdown 38.7 Viva 31.0 LSD (.05) 12.7 ______________________________________ Sod Strength Measured in Kilograms of Tension
TABLE 26 ______________________________________ A Comparison of Poa Annua Content of Ba 78-258 and Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties Based on Pooled Data from Halsey, Hubbard and Gervais, OR. Variety Poa Annua Content ______________________________________ Ba 78-258 7.7 Ba77-700 6.3 Abbey 5.7 Able 1 5.0 Allure 7.3 Ascot 4.0 A-34 5.7 Banff 8.7 Baron 7.3 Buckingham 6.7 Cannon 6.7 Challenger 7.7 Classic 8.3Coventry 5 0 Eclipse 5.0 Estate 6.3 Fairfax 7.3 Georgetown 8.3 Glade 6.7 Gnome 4.7 Haga 8.7 Kelly 4.7 Kenblue 8.0 Liberty 7.7 Merion 1.7 Merit 6.3 Midnight 6.3 Monopoly 8.0 Nassau 7.7Ram 1 8.3 So. Dakota 7.3 Touchdown 7.3 Viva 6.0 LSD (.05) 1.8 ______________________________________ Poa annua Content Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = No Poa annua
TABLE 27 ______________________________________ A Comparison of Mature Plant Height of Ba 78-258 and Other Kentucky Varieties at Gervais, OR. Variety Height (cm) ______________________________________ Ba 78-258 60.3 Ba77-700 60.0 Ba 78-165 53.4 Abbey 65.0 Allure 53.0 Ascot 56.0 Bristol 69.4 Buckingham 66.8 Cannon 68.4 Chateau 60.2 Coventry 62.4 Estate 57.4 Fairfax 60.6 Gnome 60.8 Kelly 65.2 Newport 74.9 Victa 68.2 Viva 61.6 LSD (.05) 8.7 ______________________________________
TABLE 28
______________________________________
A Comparison of Vegetative Growth Versus Seed Heads of
Ba 78-258 and Other Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties at
Gervais, OR.
Vegetative Growth
Variety vs. Seed Heads
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 6.9
Ba77-700 7.2
Ba 78-165 5.8
Abby 5.8
Allure 7.2
Ascot 4.2
Bristol 6.0
Buckingham 5.6
Cannon 8.0
Chateau 6.8
Coventry 8.0
Estate 8.6
Fairfax 7.2
Gnome 6.6
Kelly 4.8
Newport 3.4
Victa 7.8
Viva 7.2
LSD (.05) 1.8
______________________________________
Vegetative Growth versus Seed Heads Rating Scale: 1-9; 9 = Most vegetativ
Growth
TABLE 29
______________________________________
A Comparison of Panicle Length of Ba 78-258 and Kentucky
Bluegrass Varieties at Gervais, OR.
Panicle
Variety Length (cm)
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 11.1
Ba77-700 8.9
Ba 78-165 8.6
Abby 10.4
Allure 7.8
Ascot 9.5
Bristol 13.6
Buckingham 11.9
Cannon 9.9
Chateau 7.7
Coventry 7.8
Estate 8.3
Fairfax 9.1
Gnome 9.7
Kelly 9.7
Newport 10.8
Victa 10.0
Viva 9.8
LSD (.05) 2.0
______________________________________
TABLE 30
______________________________________
A Comparison of Days to Heading of Ba 78-258 and Other
Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties at Gervais, OR
Days to Heading
Variety First 50% 100%
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 110.1 125.5 128.1
Ba77-700 109.8 125.4 127.2
Ba 78-165 100.2 118.6 121.6
Abby 108.2 124.2 127.2
Allure 110.6 125.0 126.2
Ascot 88.0 112.0 118.6
Bristol 95.4 118.6 122.2
Buckingham 94.0 112.4 120.0
Cannon 113.4 125.0 127.0
Chateau 106.0 123.8 126.0
Coventry 105.8 122.4 124.6
Estate 105.8 123.8 125.6
Fairfax 102.6 121.6 124.4
Gnome 109.8 125.4 127.2
Kelly 112.2 125.4 127.2
Newport 85.0 109.8 118.2
Victa 111.6 125.0 127.0
Viva 109.4 125.0 127.2
LSD 0.05 5.3 4.0 1.8
______________________________________
TABLE 31
______________________________________
A Comparison of Days to Anthesis of Ba 78-258 and Other Kentucky
Bluegrass Varieties at Gervais, OR
Days to Anthesis
Variety First 50% 100%
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 129.1 134.1 137.5
Ba77-700 129.0 134.4 137.8
Ba 78-165 124.2 126.2 132.0
Abbey 129.2 132.4 136.6
Allure 127.8 131.0 134.8
Ascot 118.6 123.8 131.8
Bristol 124.6 126.6 132.0
Buckingham 123.4 127.6 133.6
Cannon 129.0 132.2 136.0
Chateau 128.2 130.8 135.2
Coventry 126.6 128.6 134.4
Estate 127.0 129.2 135.2
Fairfax 125.8 128.8 132.8
Gnome 129.0 133.2 136.6
Kelly 129.0 132.8 136.6
Newport 120.4 123.4 131.4
Victa 129.0 132.2 136.0
Viva 129.0 132.8 136.6
LSD (0.05) 2.1 2.5 1.8
______________________________________
TABLE 32
______________________________________
A Comparison of Seed Yields of Ba 78-258 and Other
Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties in Three (3) Tests Conducted
at Imbler, OR.
Seed Yield (Lbs./acre)
Variety Test 1 Test 2 Test 3
______________________________________
Ba 78-258 1,377 1,211 1,076
Ba77-700 1,569 1,105 1,156
Abbey 1,549 1,324 1,090
Buckingham 748 923 740
Cannon 1,551 1,130 1,171
Coventry 1,046 839 847
Fairfax 1,159 1,074 766
Viva 1,612 1,111 1,054
LSD (.05) 160 271 296
______________________________________
Claims (1)
1. A variety of Kentucky Bluegrass plant, substantially as shown and described, characterized by a medium to high level of resistance to a broad spectrum of serious diseases including leaf spot and melting out, dollar spot, rusts and brown patch; a dark green color throughout the growing season; a medium to high quality turf formation under a wide variety of environmental conditions; a moderately wide blade; a strong root system and a high level of seed yielding capacity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/763,076 USPP10384P (en) | 1996-12-10 | 1996-12-10 | Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/763,076 USPP10384P (en) | 1996-12-10 | 1996-12-10 | Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USPP10384P true USPP10384P (en) | 1998-05-05 |
Family
ID=25066822
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/763,076 Expired - Lifetime USPP10384P (en) | 1996-12-10 | 1996-12-10 | Ba 78-258 Kentucky Bluegrass |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USPP10384P (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP11520P (en) * | 1998-07-22 | 2000-09-26 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba79-260` |
| USPP11647P (en) * | 1998-07-22 | 2000-11-28 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba76-372` |
| USPP11987P2 (en) | 2000-05-24 | 2001-07-10 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Kentucky bluegrass designated ‘Ba75-173’ |
| USPP12435P2 (en) | 2000-11-10 | 2002-03-05 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Kentucky bluegrass designated ‘Ba81-227’ |
| USPP18439P2 (en) | 2005-08-19 | 2008-01-15 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Hybrid variety of (Texas Bluegrass×Kentucky Bluegrass)×Kentucky Bluegrass designated ‘HB 329’ |
| USPP18467P2 (en) | 2004-08-06 | 2008-01-29 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Hybrid variety of Texas X kentucky bluegrass designated ‘HB 129’ |
| USPP21045P2 (en) | 2008-02-22 | 2010-06-01 | Smg Brands, Inc. | Hybrid variety of Texas×Kentucky bluegrass designated ‘HB 128’ |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP4336P (en) * | 1977-12-27 | 1978-11-28 | The O. M. Scott & Sons Company | Kentucky bluegrass |
| USPP6280P (en) * | 1986-09-19 | 1988-09-06 | The O.M. Scott & Sons Company | Kentucky bluegrass |
| USPP6538P (en) * | 1987-03-17 | 1989-01-17 | The O.M. Scott & Sons Company | Kentucky bluegrass--BA 70-139 |
| USPP6537P (en) * | 1987-03-17 | 1989-01-17 | The O. M. Scott & Sons Company | Kentucky bluegrass `Ba 72-492` |
| USPP6585P (en) * | 1987-05-29 | 1989-02-07 | The O. M. Scott & Sons Company | Kentucky bluegrass |
| USPP7831P (en) * | 1990-06-22 | 1992-03-17 | The O.M. Scott & Sons Company, Inc. | Ba 73-626 Kentucky Bluegrass |
| USPP8490P (en) * | 1992-01-14 | 1993-12-07 | The O. M. Scott & Sons Company | BA 73-540 Kentucky Bluegrass |
| USPP9036P (en) * | 1993-09-23 | 1995-01-03 | The O. M. Scott And Sons Company | BA 73-366 Kentucky bluegrass |
| USPP9209P (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1995-07-18 | Oms Investments, Inc. | `BA 73-381` Kentucky bluegrass |
| USPP9611P (en) * | 1995-05-30 | 1996-07-23 | Oms Investments, Inc. | `Ba 69-82 ` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| USPP9848P (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 1997-04-01 | Oms Investments, Inc. | `BA-74-114` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| USPP9977P (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-07-22 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Ba 77-279 Kentucky Bluegrass |
-
1996
- 1996-12-10 US US08/763,076 patent/USPP10384P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP4336P (en) * | 1977-12-27 | 1978-11-28 | The O. M. Scott & Sons Company | Kentucky bluegrass |
| USPP6280P (en) * | 1986-09-19 | 1988-09-06 | The O.M. Scott & Sons Company | Kentucky bluegrass |
| USPP6538P (en) * | 1987-03-17 | 1989-01-17 | The O.M. Scott & Sons Company | Kentucky bluegrass--BA 70-139 |
| USPP6537P (en) * | 1987-03-17 | 1989-01-17 | The O. M. Scott & Sons Company | Kentucky bluegrass `Ba 72-492` |
| USPP6585P (en) * | 1987-05-29 | 1989-02-07 | The O. M. Scott & Sons Company | Kentucky bluegrass |
| USPP7831P (en) * | 1990-06-22 | 1992-03-17 | The O.M. Scott & Sons Company, Inc. | Ba 73-626 Kentucky Bluegrass |
| USPP8490P (en) * | 1992-01-14 | 1993-12-07 | The O. M. Scott & Sons Company | BA 73-540 Kentucky Bluegrass |
| USPP9036P (en) * | 1993-09-23 | 1995-01-03 | The O. M. Scott And Sons Company | BA 73-366 Kentucky bluegrass |
| USPP9209P (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1995-07-18 | Oms Investments, Inc. | `BA 73-381` Kentucky bluegrass |
| USPP9611P (en) * | 1995-05-30 | 1996-07-23 | Oms Investments, Inc. | `Ba 69-82 ` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| USPP9848P (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 1997-04-01 | Oms Investments, Inc. | `BA-74-114` Kentucky Bluegrass |
| USPP9977P (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-07-22 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Ba 77-279 Kentucky Bluegrass |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP11520P (en) * | 1998-07-22 | 2000-09-26 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba79-260` |
| USPP11647P (en) * | 1998-07-22 | 2000-11-28 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Kentucky bluegrass designated `Ba76-372` |
| USPP11987P2 (en) | 2000-05-24 | 2001-07-10 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Kentucky bluegrass designated ‘Ba75-173’ |
| USPP12435P2 (en) | 2000-11-10 | 2002-03-05 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Kentucky bluegrass designated ‘Ba81-227’ |
| USPP18467P2 (en) | 2004-08-06 | 2008-01-29 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Hybrid variety of Texas X kentucky bluegrass designated ‘HB 129’ |
| USPP18439P2 (en) | 2005-08-19 | 2008-01-15 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Hybrid variety of (Texas Bluegrass×Kentucky Bluegrass)×Kentucky Bluegrass designated ‘HB 329’ |
| USPP21045P2 (en) | 2008-02-22 | 2010-06-01 | Smg Brands, Inc. | Hybrid variety of Texas×Kentucky bluegrass designated ‘HB 128’ |
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| Hanson et al. | Species and varieties | |
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