US996163A - Process of bending pipe. - Google Patents

Description

J. 11. TAYLOR. I PROCESS OF BENDING PIPE. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2, 1911.

Patented June 27, 1911.

I 7122677102" dines 17016 ykfi Azfazvzeys I Wbbnes W To al; whom it may concern:

operating with the contraction on the op JAMES HALL TAYLOR, OF OAK PARK, ILLINOIS.

PROCESS OF BENDING PIP E.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 27, 1911.

Application filed February 2, 1911. Serial No. 606,149.

Be it known that I, JAMES HALL TAYLOR, a. citizen of the United States, residing at Oak Park, in the county of Cook .and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Processes of Bending Pipe, of which .the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, refer-, ence being had to the accompanying draw-' in s, forming a part of this specification.

y invention relates to wrought metal pipe manufacture and is particularly concerned with the process of bending pipe of this kind. My invention is an improved method of'bending such pipe and, as will more fully appear hereinafter, is most useful in making slight or gradual bends in wrought metal pipe of comparatively large diameter. x

Broadly, the process of my invention comprises a series of steps, somewhat as follows: first, heating a definite portion of the wall on one side of the pipe until that portion, by reason of its expansion under the influence of heat, buckles; then forging the bead thus formed back into the. substantial line of the contour ofthe'pipe, it being evident that such treatment will upset the metal of the heated portionso as to increase its cross-sectional dimensions; and then cooling the heated portion so that the consequent contraction of that particular portion of the wall will draw that side of the pipe together so as to bend the pipe. The action above described may be assisted by treating theother side of the pipe-in a certain way, aswill be described, so as to stretch the metal there, this stretching co- 0- site side to bend the pipe. If desired the bending action niay be assisted mechanically and the cooling may take place naturally or be forced. g

M invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is an elevational view of a straight seotion of pipe; Fig. 2 is an'end view thereof; Fig. 3 is an elevational view of I a section of pipe, showing the result of the first step in the process; Fig. 4 is an end view of the pipe as shown in Fig. 3; Fig.

I .5 illustrates the result of the next step in the process; Fig. 6 illustrates the result of the next step in the process; Fig. 7 illustrates the bend a straight pipe. For the purposes of illustration, let it be assumed that it is desired to produce'a bend of about five degrees in the pipe section a shown in Figs. '1 and 2. A certain area of thevwall on one side of the pipe is heated. This area, as shown in Figs.

3 and 4, is bounded 'by lines 6, b, which converge toward both ends, and extends approximately half way around the pipe, preferably a little more than half, the widest portion of this area being at that portion of the pipe which will result in the angle of the consequent bend. The remainder of the pipe remains comparatively cool and cannot respond by distortion to the expansion of the met-a1 in the area referred to. It follows that this heated metal'must buckle one way or the other andit has been found that it will buckle outwardly into the form of a head 0, extending partly around the pipe, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4. After the bead c has been formed by expansion, as has been described, it is forged back, while still hot, into the substantial line of the contour of the pipe, as illustrated in Fig. 5. His evident that the lines I), b, will remain the same as in Fig. 3 and that the metal bounded by these lines will be in a hot, expanded condition. As this heated portion isallowed to cool, it will, of course, contract and the lines 6, b will be drawn together as illustrated in Fig. 6 and, since these lines bear definite relations to the main portions of the pipe, it is evident that the pipe will be bent under the influence of the pull due to this contraction and that the contracted area will lie in the angle of the bend. This cooling may be hastened under the influence of a spray of water or some other sim1lar means, if desired. The bend which is secured by each cycle of operations, as above set forth, I

formed near or adjacent to the area of metal which hasalready been acted upon, the bead being in line therewith. It is apparent that if this process is repeated several times, any desired bend, such as shown inFig. 8, may be obtained. When the bead is formed, due to the heat, it may be increased mechanically, for instance by means of a jack from which a chain 01, having a hook e, extends, this hook being caught in the end of the section of pipe, as illustrated in Fig. 7 anda pull being exerted thereon in the direction of the arrow f.

In Figs. 9 and 10 I illustrate the additional step which may be employed and which is particularly useful in connection with pipes of larger diameter. This additional step provides means for stretching the metal on one'side of the pipe so that the contraction on the other side may be assisted.

' The bead 0 shown in Fig. 9 is analogous to the bead c of Fig. 3. Opposite this bead, an

area g, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 10, is

heated. This heating, of course, causes the expansion of the portion 9, and this assists the 'free contract-ion at the opposite side of the'pipe. A cooling jet of air or water is then played upon the central spot 2', approximately, and it has beenfound by experiment that this cooling prevents the metal from returning to its former state. Stretching takes place and the ultimate cross-section of the metal of the portion 9 is slightly but negligibly reduce I claim as new and desire'to secure by Letters Patent:

1. The process of bending pipe, which consists in heating a definite portion of the wall on one side of the pipe until it buckles, then forcing the buckled-portion back into the substantial line of the contour of the pipe so contour of the pipe so as to upset the heated as to upset the heated metal, and then allowing the pipe to cool.

. 2. The'process of bending pipe, which consists in heating a definite portion of the wall on one side of the pipe until it buckles, then forcing the buckled portion back into the substantial line of the contour of the pipe so as to upset the heated metal, and then cooling said heated portion. 7

3. The process of bending pipe, which consists in heating a portion of the wall on one side of the pipe until that portion buckles, then forcing the buckled portion back into the substantial line of the contour of the pipe so as to upset the heated metal, and then cooling said heated portion.

4. The process of bending pipe,which consists in heating a definite portion of the wall on one side of the pipe until it buckles, then mechanically bending the pipe slightly to increase the buckle, then forcing the buckled portion back into the substantial line of the metal, and then cooling the pipe.

5. The process of bending pipe, which consists in heating a portion of the wall on one side of the pipe until that portion buckles, heating an area on the other side of the pipe, forcing the buckled portion back into the substantial line of the contour of the pipe so'as to upset the metal of that heated portion, and then cooling said portion and also the said area from the center outwardly.-

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe JAMES HALL TAYLOR. Witnesses:

ARTHUR H. BOETTGHER, ALBERT G. MCOALEB.

my name this 30th day of January, A. D.

Images