US994212A - Uniform-movement device. - Google Patents

Description

A. SUNDH.

UNIFORM MOVEMENT DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED 00122, 1907.

paratusj made ahcording to my invention and rnrnnr citric AUGUSTSUNDH, OF YONKERS, 'NEW YC15;K, ASSIGN OR T OTIS ELEVATOR COMPANY, 015

JERSEY GITY, NEW. JERSEY, A CQRPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

UNIEDBMeMQVEMENT DEVICE.

Specification bi Letters Patent.

Patented time drain,

Application filed October 2,1907. Serial 110.395,!525.

To all whom it myrmiccmr p Beit known that I, AUGUST SUNDH, a

citizen of the United States, residing in Yonkers, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Uniform-Movement Devices, of which the following 'isfa Specification.

1 My invention relates. to electromagnetic apparatus, and has for an object the provision of means whereby the load upon an i. electromagnet is varied in proportion to the pull of said magnet.

A furthe objectis to provide means whereby a smaller magnet may be used'to perform a given duty, than with the usual construction. a

'design, but usually such magnet has to a minimum current consumption.

overcome the static friction of its load when in its-most ineflicient' or weakest position.

For these and other reasons such magnet must be made sufficiently powerful to do itsgreatest dutywhen in its most inefiicient position. Furthermore, such a magnet must necessarily be of relatively large size and consume much current.

In order to economize in electric current as much as possible it is customary to reduce the current flowing in said magnet after the same has done its work by insorting a resistance element 1n series with the magnet windlng.

By utilizing a system of leverage I am enabled to employ a magnet of relatively small size and having Referring to the accompanying drawing Figure 1' is a piiagrammatic representation in side ele atio'n of an velectromagnetic ap applied to' an electrically actuated motor- .starting rheost'at or resistance varying de-.

vice; Fig 2 shows a-modifi cation of my invention, applied in this case to lift a weight, and Fig: 3 is a furtherrinodificaticn of my invention applied to an electrically actuated brake.

Like characters of reference denote corresponding parts in all of the figures.

, ltteferringto Fig. 1, .10 designates an electromagnet which comprises a frame 11 with a pole. piece 12,1and a winding or solenoid 13, which when energized will lift a core or armature 14. This core '14s is connected by a rod to a rack 16' guided in its movement by an anti-friction roller 21- and meshing with a segmental'gear 17 which is pivoted at 18. f Archer 19 is carried upon the gear 1'4" and is normally in vertical alinement with the pivot 18 and is arranged to travel in a slot 20 provided in the vertical bar or rod 23. This bar is suitably guided by rollers'21 and carries at-its lower end insulated therefrom a sliding contact 24 which is arranged to slide over and electrically engage acon'tact strip 25 and a series of contacts 26.

27 is a sectional resistance normally in series with the armature of an electric mo- 'torv28; While 29 represents the shunt field windings, and 30 designates a manually operated circuit closing switch connected to the. current supply mains. J .Before describing the construction illustratedin the other figures, I will point out the operation of the apparatus above described.

Upon closing the main line switch 30 a circuit is closed through the resistance 27 and the armature 28 of the motor and also to the shuntfield winding 29. Themotor will now start, its current being limited by the starting resistance 27. The switch 30 also closes a circuit through the winding 13 of the magnet 10 and the same is energized to lift the core ld and its connected rack 16. i

As the rack '16 moves upwardly the segmental gear-17 is turned about its pivot 18 causing the roller 19 to move in a right hand direction in the slot 20 and at thesame time moving-the arm 23 upwardly guidedby the rollers 21. As the arm moves upwardly tal gear 17. As the core 14 and rack 16 move upwardly however, a portion of the weight of the gear 17 is gradually trans ferred from the pivot 18- to the rack 16 while at the same time a portion of the wei ht of the bar 23 is also gradually transrerred from the pivot 18 to the rack 16 as the roller 19 carries the bar 23 upwardly.

Where a magnetic circuit includes an air gap the electrical energy necessary to force the required magnetic lines through suchcircuit is greatly in excess of the energy required to force the same number of lines through the same magnetic circuit in which there is little or no air gap. Now, since the electrical energy supplied to the magnet 10 depends upon the resistance of its winding and the pressure of the electrical supply mains, and these two elements are constant, it follows that the number of available magnetic lines produced in the magnetic circuit of the magnet 10 depends upon the air gap between the pole piece 12 and the core 14. As the core moves upwardly this air gap is lessened and the number of available magnetic lines increases and continues to increase until the core 14 finally reaches the pole piece 12 at which time the circuit contains a maximum amount of lines and the upward pull upon the core 14 is greatest.

While the magnetic pull on the core is not inversely proportional to the length of air gap in every type of magnet, in the magnet illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the pull on the core is substantially in inverse proportion to the length of air gap for all positions within the limit of practical working.

From the foregoing itis seen that the farther the core 14 moves into the solenoid winding 11 the greater its upward pull becomes, while the load upon the magnet core is at first a minimum and gradually increases to a maximum as the core is drawn upwardly, and the various parts are so designed that the relation between the load and the magnetic pull upon the magnet core is substantially constant.- By this arrangement of ,;pa rts I am enabled to use much smaller'magnet than is generally used to perform thesa 'ne duty, and the electrical energy consumed by said magnet is reduced to a unmmum, making it unnecessary to em- :dOBV any resistance element to cut down the current flow after the magnet has done it work.

In Fig. 2 the rack 16 connected to the magnet armature 14 meshes with a gear 17 carried upon a shaft 22 free to turn in bearings S2. A relatively large gear 31 is also carried upon this same shaft and meshes with a smaller ear 33 which is rigidly'connected to a sha t'38 turning in the bearings 35. A spirally grooved hoisting drum 34 frusto-conical in shape or of constantly increasing diameter, is firmly fixed upon this shaft 38 and is driven by the magnet core 14 through the train of multiplying gearing just pointed out. A cord or other flexible means 36 is fastened to the drum 34 at its smallest diameter and has connected to it a weight 87. Since the weight 37 is connected to the drum 34 at its smallest diameter when in the position shown, corresponding to the deenergized position of the magnet 1.0. the effort required to turn the drum and thereby lift the weight 37 is relatively small. As soon, however, as themagnet 1O iser'tergized and the core 14 is drawn upwardly with con stantly increasing power, the drum 3 is rotated through the train of multiplyinc/ gearing so as to wind up the cord 37 am as the cord is wound up the same travels lengthwise of the drum or from a minirrzum diameter to a maximum diameter. The eifort or torque necessary to rotate the drum 34 and its connected load here represented by the weight 37 is proportionaltothe va ry- 'ing diameter of the-drum for dili'erent positions of the cord thereon, neglecting friction losses, and the taper of this drum is so proportioned that the varying torque or turn ing eflbrt required to lift the weight for difterentpositions of the cord on the drum is proportional to the varying pull of the mag net 10 upon its core.

Fig. 3 illustrates the application of my invention to amagnetic brake apparatus, in which 10 is the operating magnet, 13' the magnet coil, and 14 a movable armature. This armature is connected by a rod 15 to a segmental gear 40 pivoted at 39 and meshing with a small gear 41 pivoted at 43. The gear 41 is connected to a lever arm 42 which in turn is connected to a rod 44, upon which is secured a weight 45. The rod 44 'is connected at 46, to a brake lever 47 to which is fastened in a well-known way brake bands 48 and 49 adapted to manually engage a. friction pulley 50. These brake bands are caused to grip the friction pulley 50 by the weight 45 hearing down upon the lever 47, and the same are released by means of the magnet 10 acting through the armature 14 intermediate mechanical connections. I soon as the magnet 10 is energized to more the armature to the left, the gear 40 rotates the gear 41 and lever 42 in a clockwise direction. The weight 45 is thereby I armature, and means -for connecting the ture.

lifted and the brake bands'released from en-' gagement with the brake pulley.. 50 and the and thiseiiort isat; aminimum whenin the position shown and constantly increases as the lever is moved in a directionto' 'i'eiease'i th'blilkdfbflIidS. The pull upon the magnet armature 14" is also at a minimum when in the position shown and this pull .increases'as the same; approaches the magnet pol'ejjpi'eces. Thus it is seen that by properly proportioning the various parts, the load or power required to operate the brake apparatus may be substantially proportional to the pull of the armature l4,

I have shown that this invention is applicable to'several forms of apparatus, but it is by no meansjlirhited' to those herein described: The weight designated by 37 in Fig. 2 represents a load of any kind and the cord 36 Tcould just as well be connected to any desirablemechanism wherein mechani-c cal worlt is to be accomplished. The same is true as to the construction shown in the other fi'gures. The particular apparatus shown is for purposesof illustration merely, as my invention is ca able of wide and .'various embodiments which will readily suggest themselves to those. skilled in the art. Therefore it should be understood that I do not wish to be limited to the precise construction and arrangement of parts as shown since many and various changes could be made without departing from the spirit and scope of my invent-ion.

What I claim is 2. The combination with a 'magnet and its armature, of mechanism operated by said armature and said mechanism with a leverage varying with the position of the armature andsubst-ant-ially in proportion to the variation in themagnetic p'ull' on-the arma- -3. The combination with a magnet and its armature, of mechanism to. be operated thereby, and connections between said mechanism and armature.,for .increasing.the relative speed of said mechanism as the armature approaches its magnet, said relative increase 1n speed being substantially in the same ratio as the increase in the magnetic pull on the armature.

-4. The combination with a magnet and 1. The combination with a magnet and its armature, of a load device, and mechanical armature attracted by the magnet with a force varying with the position of the armature, of'affloadj device, and connectio i's between the; armature and lo'ad"devi' -1% ;for* producing a substantially constant pull on 5 said device; 5

- 5'. Thecombination with a magnet and an armature; movable toward the m'ag'netunder a constantly increasing pul1, of a load de-.

vice and connections between thearmatu're I and 'load device for, so" moving said device that 'it-s'flspeed relative to that of-themrm'a-f ture is substantially proportional to the pull" on the armature.

6. The combination with a magnet'and its armature, said magnet being constructed to exert a pull onthe armature varying with its position, of a load device, and mechanical means for converting the varyingmagnetic pull to a-substantially constant pull on the load device.

7. The combination with a magnet and an armature movable .tow'ard the magnet under a, constantly varying magnetic pull,

of mechanism "operated by said armature,

and connections between vthe armatureand said'mecha-nism having a leverage varying with the posit-ion 'of the armature and in prtlilportion to the variation of the magnetic 8. The eo mbination with a magnet and its armaturef'of a load device and means between'the armature and said device torso moving the-Iattr'that itsspeed relative to that of the armature is-substantially proportional to the increased pull exerted by. the magnet on its armature. I

. 9. The combination with an electromagnetic coil and a core movable into thecoil, under a constantly increasing magnetic pull, of a-load device and connectionsv between the core and load device for converting the variable piill on the core into a substantially constant pull on the load device.

10. The combination with'an electromagnet andzits armature, of a pivoted member connected to the armature for angular movement a second member having a sliding connection with the pivoted member, and means guiding the said second member and confining it to linear movement.

' 11. The combination with an electromagnet and its armature, of a pivoted member connected. to the armature for movementthrough anangle-proportional to the move.- mentof the armature, a second member connected to the pivoted member for linear movement substantially proportional to the versed sine of the angle through which the pivoted member moves '12. The combination with an electromagnet and its armature, of a rack-bar carried by the armature, a pivoted member having gear teeth meshing with the rack bar, a load carrying device, means for guiding said &

load an'di ltd 11.

straight .hn' movement, aind-v aislo'tand pin opnnecfiicnibetwen the said pivoted mem er andjtheiloadbarrying. device,

1, netic' coil; "lfri ean s fqi- 'supplying thfcoil with H ie -bqre', aq tj m hing. with the had W l mb r P f? F h thera k,-

ipgisguid slot', and meaiis for'; sand 1 member in' its lineal-movement.

.. In testimony wher'eofi Irham name to this specification in the presence of; two subscribing witnesses.. I AUGUSTSUNDH. WiipeSes-L -f ,CP'LAS. M. NIs'BEN,

DAVI LABB N.

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