US991846A - Flying-machine. - Google Patents

Description

0.. HASELAU. FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILE? MAYB, 1909. RENEWED 00T. 21, 1910. 991,846. Patented May 9, 1911.

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0. HASELAU.

FLYING MACHINE. APPLIoATIoN FILED MAY s, 190e. RENEWED v00.11. 21, 1910.

Patented May 9, 19.11.

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o. HASELAU. FLYING MACHINE. APPLIG'ATI) N ULED MAY 3, 1909. RBNEWED 00T. 21, 1910. 991,846. i

Patented May 9, 1911.

'ontarien Ysirenas PATENT onirica.

o'r'ro HASELALL rornnw YORK, N. Y.

FLYING,MACHINE.

.application sied may 3, 1909, seri-a1 1115.493573.

To all whom 'it 'may concern:

I invented certain new Be it known' that I, O'I'ro HAsELAU, a citizen of the UnitedStates of America, residing in New York, in the borough ofthe Bronx, county and State of New York, have and useful Improve- 'ments in Flying-Machines,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved flying machine which is constructed on the basis of a double aeroplane and provided with laterally-extending Wings having auto matically-adjustable feathers and the usual propelling and steering devices; and the invention consists of-a iying machine comprising a rectangular supporting center-x frame closed at the top and bottom, converging frames extending at both sides ofthe center-frame, and tapering frontand rearframes for the front and rear steering planes, the laterally-extending side-frames being provided with a plurality of tiltable feathers that are automatically operated from the motor-frame which is suspended from the/ center-frame so as to swing laterally, but

` which is prevented from swinging in a directionat right angles thereto inl connection with intermediate. actuating mechanismg.

The invention consists further of the con? nection with the motor-frame and motor of' a propeller, the shaft of which 'is connected `with the -moto'r-shaft; and the invention consists lastly of certain details of construc-` tion and combinations of parts whichvwill be fully described hereinafter, and finally pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a perspective view of my 'improved aeroplane flying machine, Fig. 2 is a verticallongitudinal section on line 2, ,2, Fig. l, Fig. 3 is a Yvertical transverse section on line 3, 3, Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a detail section of the adjustable feathers located in the lateralf extensions of the top and bottomwings of the flying machine, and'Fig. A5 is an enlarged view of half of the section taken on the-line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout Ythe several figures of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, a represents the center-frame of *my improved flying machine. The center-frame ais made rectangular in shape and closed at the top and bottom byV sheet-metal or other plates, the frame being constructed of suitable tubes Specification of Letters Patent.

Patent-eu May 9, 1911. Renewed october 21, 1910. seiai No. 588,372.

connected vby aluminum corner-pieces. At both sides of the center-frame a, and in one plane with the top-and bottom of the same, are arranged eXtension-frames-a1,.the sides of which converge toward vertical -oblong Jrames a2 at their outer ends. The centerranie a is also provided 'at its frontv and rear-ends with forwardly vand backwardly extending portions a3, an1 having converging sides, and which carry at their.l apices the bearings for the horizontal front and rear steering planes b, .711. Thefront steering plane b is preferably madev rectangular and pivoted by short shafts b2 at its diagonallyopposite corners to `the4 converging frontframes as, while the rear steering planeV b1 is Yalso supported by short shafts b3 at diagonal corners in bearings of the rear-frames a4, as shown clearly in Figs. land 2. To the vertical front-rods of thecenter-frame a are applied vertical steering planes d, one at each side of the framez* Thehorizontal and vertical steering-planes b, b1 and rZ are made of frames of'suitable tubing. and webs of sheet-metal or other vsuitable material. The horizontal frontandrear .steering-planes b,

b1. are' operated fron 'The seat of the operator y.by 'means of a hand steering wheel b4. which lis connected Aby'wmding-up pulleys b5 with steel wire-cords '66,. passing over guide-pul-P .leys 57 to crankarms bs on the pivot-shafts b2, ba'of the-front and rear-steering planes.

.A wue-cord b1 passing over guide-pu eys bu'at the upper part of the frame a connects the outer ends of cranks b at the ycorners off the planes b, b1 `opposite from the cranks bs. This cord b1" serves to move theplanes-b, b1 back against the action ofthe cord 66. The, vertical steering planes (l are coni'fecte'd,V at their front-corners by a pivot-IO'IClfrZ? and moved to the right or. left hand by a double Winding-'up pulley '(13, the shaft rl2 of'u'lxich turns in bearings supported on the bottom of' the frame a, said winding-up pulley Il being connected by wire-cords (Z5 with the outer ends Vof the frames of the vertlcalstcermg planes (l and operated by a hand-'wheel a7- at .the innerend of theshaft (72 as shown -in' The center-frame a is stitfened at its upper part by two transverse truss-braces c to which are loosely pivoted pendant rods e1, lthe lower eye-shaped ends pivotefl to the front and rear-ends Aof a casing 'm1 containing a'motor 1n, of any approved construction. The upperendsof' the of 'which are and lshafts plied crank-arms f 'ranged in the side-frames al .size and are made of thin sheets of alumif with short crank-arms f3 having' hubs that Vto the shaft f,

suspension-rods el are piyoted to the lower part of the truss-braces' e, in such a manner that the motor-casing can swing in a lateral direction, but not in a direction at right angles thereto. The driving-shaft s of the motor extends through the rear-wall of the motor-casing and is provided with a propeller p.

Laterally-extending'from the top and bottom-planes of the center-frame a are ara plurality of parallel feathers f, which are pivoted at their inner and outer ends to the upper and lower rods vof the center-frame and end sideframe a2. In the drawings five parallel feathers are shown, but it is intended in a full-size flying machine to use about fifteen or more feathers according to the size of the same. The feathers f are all of the same num which are bent at their ends around two transverse steel-wires f1 which are alway held under tension, as shown in F ig. 4. The transverse steel-wires are supported by longitudinalparallel levers f2, also of aluminum, which are provided at about onethird of their length from their upper ends are pivoted to the upper and lower horizontal rods of the center and side-frames, while the crank-arms f3 are connected with steel-wire cords f5, (see Fig. 5). Cords f attached to the two corners at each end of one feather of both top and both bottom planes are guided over suitable pulleys f4 located at the center of each end of each outer sideframe a2; The cords fw are crossed before being passed around the pulleys f4, which are supported on horizontal shafts f* turning in bearings of the outer side-frames a2, f located in suitable bearings on the center-frame a. To the shafts f* are apwhich are connected by crank-arms fs applied the lower crank-arms f8 being connected by pivot-rods f1 having threaded ends engaging in opposite ends of the right and left threaded sleeve;ell on the hub of a hand-wheel f12 turning in central hanger-bearings at the bottom of the motoreasing m1 said handwheel being adapted to set. limultaneously both the left-hand set of feathers and the right-hand set of feathersin the same direction manually by the operator. The swinging motion of the motor-casing m causesl the position of the feathers to be changed by the intermediate motion-transmitting mechanism, so that the angle of the same with the plane of the side-frames is increased or diminished according to the wire-cords f" with greater or lsmaller swinging motion of the motor-easing to one side or the other of the I center-plane of themaehine. By turning the hand-wheel j, the angle of the feathers can be changed so as to correspond with the speed, respectively with the load the machine is carrying.` When a gust of wind should strike the side extension-frames on the right hand side so as to raise the same, the motor-casing would be swung out of line with the longitudinal center-plane of the machine and would thereby decrease the angle of the feathers With the horizontal plane on the raised side of the machine, While the angle of the feathers on the side eXtension-frames'at the depressed side of the machine would have the angle of the feathers increased. This would cause the `side extension-planes on the lower side of the machine to be raised and the side extensionplanes on the higher side to be lowered, so as to produce thereby automatically the balancing of the machine.

A tiying machine with a single large aeroplane canv only be controlled under very favorable weather conditions, as there' is always the possibility of the Wind striking one of the Wings with great force at an angle of 90, which requires that the machine be constructed in such a Way that the area of the plane can be reduced from a surface area of 100% down to 5% at a moments notice. This of course is almost impossible with a single aeroplane, would lose its balance great objection is entirely overcome in the flying machine described, for the reason that the slightest irregularity in wind-pressure causes the feathers to adjust themselves automatically so as to offer a greater or smaller area for the Wind to act upon; but there are other advantages which are gained by adopting narrow feathers and arranging them in two planes, one above the other, namely, that the surface of resistance becomes considerably smaller, that higher speeds are possible, and also that a greater lifting power can be developed. It also divides up the center of pressure into as many centers as there are extension-planes, whereby a uniform lift is imparted to the machine, which cannot be accomplished by a single or double aeroplane flying machine, in which the shifting of the center of pressure tends to cause the ying machine to lose its balance.

Along bot-h sides of the convergingr frames of the side-extension-planes are arranged fixed stationary feathers f13 of triangular shape. Between these fixed triangular side feathers, the plurality of tiltable feathers is arranged, as the space can be divided up so as to contain any desired number oftiltable feathers of equal size.

From the foregoing it appears that the improved Hying machine has'the advantage of being readily balanced under any windpressure by the swinging motion o1" the suspended motor-casing and the tiltablc feathers located in the upper and lower laterallyso that the machine and be upset. Thisl extending side-planes. This leaves the operator free to attend to the propelling and -steering mechanisms, which are of the wellknown construction. To the bottom of the center-frame are applied longitudinal parallelA truss-frames g, the front and rear-ends of which are providedwith axles for supporting the hubs of four wheels g1 on which the flying machine is supported when on the ground. ,-By means ofl the wheels the flying machine is started,- a certain momentum being given by the starting motion of the proclaim. as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A flying machine consisting of a centerframe closed at the .top and bottom, extension side-frames at both sides of both top and bottom planes of the center-frame, a motor-casing suspended from the top of the center frame, the motor-casing being capa-.

- ble of laterally-swinging motion but prevented from moving in a direction at right angels thereto, a plurality of tiltable feathers located in the upper and lower extension side-frames and intermediate mechanisms connecting both ends `of the tiltable feathers with the motor-casing for permittingthe automatic adjustment of the feathers by the tilting motion of the motor-casing.

2. A flying machine consisting of a prismatic central frame closed at the top and bottom, pairs of upper and lower side-frames extending laterally from the top and bottom of the central frame and having end frames for holdingthem in spaced relation, stationary feathers at the front and rear sides of the upper and lower side-frames, a plurality of )transversely extending tiltable feathers suspended in the upper and lower side-frames between the outer and inner end pieces thereof,a motor casing pivotally susended from the central frame, and intermeiate mechanism connecting the tiltable feathers with said motor casing for tilting said feathers when said motor swings.

3. A iyin machine consisting of a prismatic centra frame closed at the top and bottom, pairs of upper and lower side-frames extending laterally from the top and bottom of the central frame and having end frames for holding them in spaced relation, stationary feathers at the front and rear sides of the upper and lower side-frames, a plurality of transversely extending tiltable feathers suspended in the upper and lowerside-frames between the outer and inner end pieces thereof, a motor casing pivotally suspended 'from the central frame, and intermediate mechamsm carried by said casmg Vand said frame and connecting said casing and said tiltable feathers for oscillating said feathers on opposite sides in opposite directions to each other as said casin swings, said mechanism being also adapted for manually adjusting the inclination'of said tiltable. feathers with respect to said side-frames simultaneously in the same direction.

4. A iying machine consisting of a prismatic central lframe closed at the topv and bottom, pairs of upper and lower sideframes extending laterally from the topA and bottom of the central frame and having end frames for holding them in spaced relation, stationary feathers at the front and rear sides of the upper and lower sideframes, .a plurality of transversely extending tiltable feathers suspended in the upper `and lower side-frames between the outer and inner end pieces thereof, a motor casing pivotally suspended from the central frame, a laterally disposed internal right and left threaded sleeve rotatably mounted on the lower side of said casing but `held against translation with respect thereto, means for manually rotating said sleeve, threaded pivot rods engaging 1n opposite ends of lsaid sleeve, and intermediate ,mechanism connecting said rods and said tiltable feathers whereby longitudinal movement of said rods tilts the feathers. y

5. A ying machine comprising a centerframe provided with a closed top and bottom, extension-planes at both sides of the center frame at the top and bottom thereof,

a plurality of tiltable feathers in the upper and lower planes of the extension-frames, a motor-casing suspended to swing from the, center-frame and actuating mechanism between the motor-casing and the pivots of theA tiltable feathers for moving them automatically by the swinging of the motor-casing, the motor-casing Abeing suspended from transverse trusses of the center supporting frame in such a manner that itsumotion can take place in lateral direction, but not in a direction at right angles thereto.

6. A iying machine comprising a center- -frame provided with a closed top and bottom, extension-frames at both sides of the top and bottom planes of the center-frame, a plurality of tiltable feathers in the upper and lower planes of the extension-frames, a motor-casing suspended to swing from the center-frame, actuatingmechanism between the motor-casing and the pivots of the tiltable feathers for setting them automatically by the lateral swinging of the motor-casing, the motor-casing being, suspended fr om transverse trusses'of the center support-mg frame in such a manner that its `motioncan take place in lateral direction, but not 1n a direction at rightanfrles thereto, and a propcller on the motor-s aft.

7L A flying machine comprising a center- `between the .motor-casing and the pivots of the tiltable feathers for moving them automatically by the lateral swinging of the mctor-casing, a propeller on the motor-shaft, f Ahorizontal and vertical steerin planes, and

means for operating the same om the cen-- ter-frame. A 4

8. A iying machine, comprising a centerframe closed at the top and bottom, extension-frames at both sidesof the top and bottom-planes of the center-frame, a plurality of tiltable :feathers in the upper planes of the extension-frames, a laterally swinging motor-casing suspended from the centerframe, actuating mechanism between the motor-Casin and the tiltable feathers for oscillating t e feathers in opposite direction, Aand means for simultaneously and manuall7 adjusting the tiltable feathers in thesame` direction.

In testimony, that I `claim the foregoing .l

as my invention, I have signed my name in presence of two subscribin Witnesses.

- p OTT HASELAU Witnesses:

PAUL GOEPEL, HENRY J. SUHRBIER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

'- f Washington, D. C. l'

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