US9883949B2 - Intervertebral implant - Google Patents

Intervertebral implant Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US9883949B2
US9883949B2 US15/176,707 US201615176707A US9883949B2 US 9883949 B2 US9883949 B2 US 9883949B2 US 201615176707 A US201615176707 A US 201615176707A US 9883949 B2 US9883949 B2 US 9883949B2
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
teeth
implant
cortical
central
bone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
US15/176,707
Other versions
US20160278934A1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Ryan Mermuys
Scott J. Perrow
Steven A. Schopler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xtant Medical Holdings Inc
Original Assignee
Pioneer Surgical Technology Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pioneer Surgical Technology Inc filed Critical Pioneer Surgical Technology Inc
Priority to US15/176,707 priority Critical patent/US9883949B2/en
Assigned to PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC. reassignment PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MERMUYS, DANIEL RYAN, SCHOPLER, STEVEN A., PERROW, SCOTT J.
Publication of US20160278934A1 publication Critical patent/US20160278934A1/en
Priority to US15/886,164 priority patent/US10182920B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US9883949B2 publication Critical patent/US9883949B2/en
Assigned to JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT reassignment JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC., RTI SURGICAL, INC., TUTOGEN MEDICAL, INC.
Priority to US16/228,858 priority patent/US10869767B2/en
Assigned to ARES CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT reassignment ARES CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: Fourth Dimension Spine, LLC, PARADIGM SPINE, LLC, PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC., RTI SURGICAL, INC., TUTOGEN MEDICAL, INC.
Assigned to TUTOGEN MEDICAL, INC., PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC., RTI SURGICAL, INC., PARADIGM SPINE, LLC, Fourth Dimension Spine, LLC reassignment TUTOGEN MEDICAL, INC. RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ARES CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS AGENT
Assigned to TUTOGEN MEDICAL, INC., PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC., RTI SURGICAL, INC. reassignment TUTOGEN MEDICAL, INC. RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT
Priority to US17/128,996 priority patent/US11654031B2/en
Assigned to XTANT MEDICAL HOLDINGS, INC. reassignment XTANT MEDICAL HOLDINGS, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY NEWCO, INC.
Assigned to PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY NEWCO, INC. reassignment PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY NEWCO, INC. MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC.
Assigned to MIDCAP FINANCIAL TRUST reassignment MIDCAP FINANCIAL TRUST SECURITY AGREEMENT SUPPLEMENT (TERM) Assignors: BACTERIN INTERNATIONAL, INC., X-SPINE SYSTEMS, INC., XTANT MEDICAL HOLDINGS, INC., XTANT MEDICAL, INC.
Assigned to MIDCAP FUNDING IV TRUST reassignment MIDCAP FUNDING IV TRUST SECURITY AGREEMENT SUPPLEMENT (REVOLVING) Assignors: BACTERIN INTERNATIONAL, INC., X-SPINE SYSTEMS, INC., XTANT MEDICAL HOLDINGS, INC., XTANT MEDICAL, INC.
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/442Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/4455Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
    • A61F2/447Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages substantially parallelepipedal, e.g. having a rectangular or trapezoidal cross-section
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4603Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2/4611Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof of spinal prostheses
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/3094Designing or manufacturing processes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/3094Designing or manufacturing processes
    • A61F2/30965Reinforcing the prosthesis by embedding particles or fibres during moulding or dipping
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/28Bones
    • A61F2002/2835Bone graft implants for filling a bony defect or an endoprosthesis cavity, e.g. by synthetic material or biological material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30003Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/30004Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A61F2002/30006Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in density or specific weight
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30003Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/3006Properties of materials and coating materials
    • A61F2002/3008Properties of materials and coating materials radio-opaque, e.g. radio-opaque markers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30003Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/3006Properties of materials and coating materials
    • A61F2002/30092Properties of materials and coating materials using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30108Shapes
    • A61F2002/3011Cross-sections or two-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2002/30182Other shapes
    • A61F2002/30184
    • A61F2002/30186
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30593Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for hollow
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30772Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
    • A61F2002/30774Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section internally-threaded
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30772Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
    • A61F2002/30784Plurality of holes
    • A61F2002/30785Plurality of holes parallel
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/3082Grooves
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/3082Grooves
    • A61F2002/30822Circumferential grooves
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/3082Grooves
    • A61F2002/30827Plurality of grooves
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/3082Grooves
    • A61F2002/30827Plurality of grooves
    • A61F2002/30828Plurality of grooves parallel
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30836Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves knurled
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/3084Nanostructures
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30841Sharp anchoring protrusions for impaction into the bone, e.g. sharp pins, spikes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30841Sharp anchoring protrusions for impaction into the bone, e.g. sharp pins, spikes
    • A61F2002/30843Pyramidally-shaped
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30878Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts
    • A61F2002/30879Ribs
    • A61F2002/30881Circumferential ribs, flanges or fins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30878Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts
    • A61F2002/30891Plurality of protrusions
    • A61F2002/30892Plurality of protrusions parallel
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30904Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves serrated profile, i.e. saw-toothed
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/3094Designing or manufacturing processes
    • A61F2002/30978Designing or manufacturing processes using electrical discharge machining [EDM]
    • A61F2002/3098
    • A61F2002/30981
    • A61F2002/30983
    • A61F2002/4475
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4603Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2002/4625Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use
    • A61F2002/4627Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use with linear motion along or rotating motion about the instrument axis or the implantation direction, e.g. telescopic, along a guiding rod, screwing inside the instrument
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4603Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2002/4629Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof connected to the endoprosthesis or implant via a threaded connection
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0008Fixation appliances for connecting prostheses to the body
    • A61F2220/0016Fixation appliances for connecting prostheses to the body with sharp anchoring protrusions, e.g. barbs, pins, spikes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2230/0082Three-dimensional shapes parallelepipedal
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00017Iron- or Fe-based alloys, e.g. stainless steel
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00023Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00179Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
    • A61F2310/00185Ceramics or ceramic-like structures based on metal oxides
    • A61F2310/00221Ceramics or ceramic-like structures based on metal oxides containing calcia or calcium oxide
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00179Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
    • A61F2310/00293Ceramics or ceramic-like structures containing a phosphorus-containing compound, e.g. apatite
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00389The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00592Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00389The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00592Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
    • A61F2310/00796Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of a phosphorus-containing compound, e.g. hydroxy(l)apatite

Definitions

  • the present application relates to implant devices for implantation between adjacent vertebrae and, in particular, to implant devices for immobilization and fusion of adjacent vertebrae.
  • a variety of spinal conditions result in a person experiencing pain or limited physical activity and ability. More specifically, damage to vertebrae composing the spine and spinal discs between the vertebrae may occur as a result of trauma, deformity, disease, or other degenerative conditions. Some of these conditions can be life-threatening, while others cause impingement on the spinal cord resulting in pain and a lack of mobility. Removing the impingement, thus reducing swelling or pressure from the damaged or diseased tissue against the spinal cord, can relieve the pain and often promotes healing and return of normal nervous system functioning. However, the absence of proper medical care may lead to further damage and degeneration of spinal health and to permanent spinal cord damage.
  • the spine principally includes a series of vertebrae and spinal discs located in a space between adjacent vertebrae.
  • the vertebrae are formed of hard bone while the discs comprise a comparatively soft annulus and nucleus.
  • the discs support the vertebrae in proper position and enable the torso to be rotated and to bend laterally and anteriorly-posteriorly.
  • the discs also act as shock absorbers or cushions when the spine is experiencing shock, such as when a person jogs.
  • Damage to the spine often results in a reduced physiological capability. For instance, damage to the disc may allow the annulus to bulge, commonly referred to as a herniated disc. In more severe cases, the damage may allow the nucleus to leak from the annulus. These same results may be brought about by a damaged or fractured vertebra. In any event, such damage often causes the vertebrae to shift closer or compress, and often causes a portion of the disc to press against the spinal cord.
  • One manner of treating these conditions is through immobilization of the vertebrae in a portion of the spine, such as two or more adjacent vertebrae.
  • the conditions often lead to degeneration and a loss of disc support, and immobilization is often beneficial in reducing or eliminating pain.
  • Immobilization and/or fusion have been performed via a number of techniques and devices, and the type of injury often suggests a preferred treatment regime.
  • spinal fusion surgery One of these treatments is known as spinal fusion surgery.
  • two or more adjacent or consecutive vertebrae are initially immobilized relative to each other and, over time, become fused in a desired spatial relationship.
  • the vertebrae are relatively immobilized at the proper intervertebral distance which replicates the support characteristics of the spine.
  • This prescription sacrifices the rotation or flexion between the affected vertebrae, such that some loss of movement and flexibility is experienced.
  • the compression on the spinal cord due to the injury or damage is reduced or eliminated, and the fused vertebrae protect the spine and spinal cord from injury.
  • the non-fused portions of the spine are largely able to compensate for most normal movement expected by a patient.
  • VBRs vertebral body replacement devices
  • the intervertebral space is initially excavated to provide a volume for locating a VBR therein.
  • the adjacent vertebrae have a tendency to shift toward each other a small amount, thereby compressing the space or volume.
  • many VBRs have surface features such as prongs or teeth which extend away from upper and lower surfaces of the VBR for being embedded into the adjacent vertebrae.
  • instruments may be used to spread the vertebrae apart. During such a procedure, care must be taken not to damage the spinal cord.
  • the VBRs may then be inserted into the intervertebral space in an orientation where the surfaces with teeth thereon face the adjacent vertebral surfaces.
  • the teeth may impede insertion of the VBR by biting into the bone too much.
  • the VBR may not be maintained in position if the teeth do not bite into the bone enough to impede movement or walking of the VBR when installed.
  • the intervertebral space receives the VBR or implant device as well as an amount of graft material.
  • the graft material may be in a number of forms, such as cancellous bone chips, which are packed into the intervertebral space and around the VBR.
  • graft material is also placed within the cavities so that bone may grow through the VBR device and join with bone formation throughout the intervertebral space.
  • an intervertebral implant for being implanted between adjacent vertebrae.
  • the implant includes a generally elongate implant body having a length extending between opposite longitudinal ends thereof, a superior face and an inferior face.
  • the superior face and inferior face include cortical teeth adjacent to the implant body longitudinal ends and have bone-engaging ends for engaging outer cortical bone material of the vertebrae.
  • the superior and inferior faces include longitudinally central teeth intermediate the cortical teeth and have bone engaging ends for engaging central bone material of the vertebrae that are softer than the cortical bone material thereof with the central teeth bone engaging ends having a sharper configuration than that of the cortical teeth bone engaging ends for biting into the softer central bone material of the vertebrae.
  • an intervertebral implant having an implant body.
  • a superior face of the implant body includes a first end, a second end and a central portion positioned between the first and second ends.
  • An inferior face of the implant body includes a first end, a second end and a central portion positioned between the first and second ends.
  • Different cortical and central teeth on at least one of the superior and inferior faces are configured in an osteo-specific arrangement with at least one of the first and second ends including a first density of the cortical teeth per unit area and the central portion including a second density of the central teeth per unit area, the first density being greater than the second density.
  • an intervertebral implant for insertion between adjacent vertebrae.
  • the intervertebral implant includes a generally elongate implant body having a length extending between opposite longitudinal ends thereof. Further, a thick body portion is located at one of the implant body ends and has a first insertion tool attachment portion. A thin body portion is at the other implant body end so that the implant body generally tapers down from the one end to the other end thereof. A longitudinal gap in located the thin body portion open to the other end of the implant body for receiving an insertion tool therein.
  • a transverse wall portion of the implant body is intermediate the longitudinal ends thereof with the longitudinal gap terminating at the transverse wall portion. Additionally, the transverse wall portion has a thickness greater than the thin body portion.
  • a second insertion tool attachment portion of the transverse wall portion is provided to which an insertion tool received in the longitudinal gap can be attached for inserting the implant body either utilizing the first insertion tool attachment with the thin body portion leading during implant insertion or utilizing the second insertion tool attachment portion with the thick body portion leading during implant insertion.
  • An intervertebral implant for insertion between adjacent vertebrae.
  • the implant includes an implant body having a length extending between opposite longitudinal ends thereof. Further, the implant includes a superior face of the implant body and an inferior face of the implant body. A throughbore extends between the superior and inferior faces through the body and is configured to receive fusion material therein.
  • the implant also includes an interior wall of the implant body extending along the throughbore and is configured to retain the fusion material therein.
  • a plurality of first stabilizing protrusions extend from the interior wall in a first orientation to impede the fusion material from exiting the aperture to the superior face during a surgical implant procedure.
  • a plurality of second stabilizing protrusions extend from the interior wall in a second orientation to impede fusion material from exiting the aperture to the inferior face during the surgical implant procedure. In this regard, the first and second orientations are different.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one form of an intervertebral implant
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a rear perspective view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view of a portion of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of a further intervertebral implant
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the cross-section taken along line A-A of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the cross-section taken along line A-A of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of one form of an intervertebral implant
  • FIG. 10 is a top view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 9 ;
  • FIG. 11 is a side view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 9 ;
  • FIG. 12 is a rear perspective view of intervertebral implant of FIG. 9 ;
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an intervertebral implant and insertion tool coupled to one end;
  • FIG. 14 is an enlarged side view of the intervertebral implant and insertion tool of FIG. 13 ;
  • FIG. 15 is an enlarged perspective view of the intervertebral implant and insertion tool of FIG. 13 ;
  • FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 15 ;
  • FIG. 17 is a perspective view of an intervertebral implant and insertion tool coupled to another end of the intervertebral implant;
  • FIG. 18 is an enlarged perspective view of the intervertebral implant and insertion tool of FIG. 17 ;
  • FIG. 19 is a cross-section view taken along line C-C of FIG. 18 ;
  • FIG. 20 is a side view of two intervertebral implants and insertion tools coupled thereto being inserted between vertebrae;
  • FIG. 21 is an enlarged view of the two intervertebral implants and insertion tools of FIG. 20 .
  • implant 100 for implantation within an intervertebral space between adjacent vertebrae, such as used during fusion surgery. More specifically, implant 100 is illustrated as having a body 102 , a superior face 104 and an inferior face 106 .
  • the superior 104 and inferior 106 faces may have a gentle convex curvature to generally match the concave curvature of the vertebrae when installed. These faces may be parallel, or inclined at an angle with respect to each other as will be understood from the description and additional embodiments described below and illustrated in the figures.
  • the implant may be configured in a ‘D’ profile, wedge profile, bullet-shaped profile and the like.
  • the implant may be configured with profiles comprising a narrower lateral dimension along its axis of insertion into the intervertebral space therein minimizing disruption to tissue.
  • the device since the device must act as a spacer, it must provide adequate support to the superior and inferior endplates of the corresponding vertebrae such that stresses do not cause the device to subside into the endplate bone. Therefore the device should avoid unduly narrow or otherwise unstable profiles with inadequate endplate supporting surfaces. It should be noted that other shapes, sizes and the like are contemplated.
  • Implant angulation may also be orientated from a shorter first end face or nose face to a taller second end face or trailing face as in the coronal taper which will be discussed in more detail regarding other embodiments described herein.
  • the slope of the implant may be configured to correct spinal deformities wherein the bone is deformed or diseased such that one side of the intervertebral space is open wider than the other or in which one side of a vertebrae needs to be jacked up in order to realign a vertebral segment.
  • the implant may be angled or beveled along any respective face or wall to accommodate differently shaped vertebrae.
  • the body 102 generally includes a length (L) extending between opposite longitudinal ends 112 , 114 .
  • the longitudinal end 112 may be considered generally a nose end while end 114 may be considered a tail end.
  • the end 112 may be generally arcuate shaped, beveled or otherwise tapered to assist in distracting adjacent vertebrae during insertion.
  • the end 112 slopes away from or otherwise curves away from the respective superior and inferior faces 104 , 106 .
  • a further implant 115 is shown in FIG. 5 having a more rounded end 117 compared to end 112 .
  • Other shapes and sizes of the ends are also contemplated, such as will be described below in further detail with respect to additional embodiments found in the figures.
  • the body 102 may also include side walls 116 , 118 , depending on the shape of the body 102 .
  • the implant 100 may include a plurality of different teeth, such as cortical teeth 120 and central teeth 122 .
  • the cortical teeth 120 and central teeth 122 may be configured and positioned to interact with different bone materials and densities as will be discussed in more detail below.
  • cortical teeth 120 may be positioned on one and/or both of the superior and inferior faces 104 , 106 . Further, the cortical teeth 120 may be positioned adjacent the longitudinal ends 112 , 114 so as to engage outer cortical bone when installed.
  • the cortical teeth 120 may include bone engaging ends 124 , such as peaks of the teeth 120 , which are configured for contacting the relatively hard cortical bone material when installed. The bone engaging ends 124 need not be sharp as they are configured for contacting the cortical bone.
  • the bone engaging ends 124 are flattened, as seen in FIG. 8 , or are otherwise rounded or the like to provide contact surfaces for contacting cortical bone.
  • the cortical teeth 120 also include valleys 126 between the teeth.
  • the valleys 126 may be in the form of grooves, channels and the like to help separate and define the individual cortical teeth 120 .
  • the valleys 126 may also be used to help define a number of different rows 128 of cortical teeth 120 .
  • the cortical teeth 120 may be arranged in a number of rows 128 wherein the rows are generally arranged in an arcuate manner.
  • the arcuate arrangement of the cortical teeth may be configured such that the cortical teeth 120 generally conform to the expected location of the cortical bone when inserted into a patient.
  • the central teeth 122 include bone engaging ends 130 which are relatively sharper when compared to the cortical teeth 120 . As seen in FIGS. 7 and 8 , the bone engaging ends 130 of the cortical teeth come to a much sharper point or peak when compared to the bone engaging ends 124 of the cortical teeth 120 . In this regard, the central teeth 122 may be better suited for biting into the central bone region which is relatively softer compared to the cortical region.
  • the central teeth also include valleys 132 to define the individual central teeth 122 . The valleys 132 may also take a variety of different shapes and sizes. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the valleys 132 are generally bowl shaped to define the bone engaging ends 130 .
  • each valley 132 may be used to define a plurality of different bone engaging ends 130 or peaks.
  • each valley may be bordered by at least six different peaks or bone engaging ends 130 .
  • the valleys 132 are bowl-like, but are also generally hexagonal. Other forms, shapes and sizes of the bone engaging ends 130 and valleys 132 are also contemplated.
  • the central teeth 122 are more spaced apart from one another when compared to the cortical teeth 120 . More specifically, the bone engaging ends 130 are more spaced from one another than the bone engaging ends 124 . In this form, the bone engaging ends 130 of the central teeth 122 will be able to provide a greater force per unit area to bite into the softer central bone when compared to the bone engaging ends 124 of the cortical teeth biting into the cortical bone area. In other words, the density (number per unit area) of the cortical teeth 120 and/or the bone engaging ends 124 is greater than the density (number per unit area) of the central teeth 122 and/or the bone engaging ends 130 .
  • the cortical teeth 120 provide a greater ratio of contact surface area, such as the surface area of the bone engaging ends 124 , per unit area covered by the cortical teeth 120 when compared to the contact surface area, such as the surface area of the bone engaging ends 130 , per unit area covered by the central teeth 122 . Further, the average distance between adjacent engaging ends 124 of the cortical teeth is smaller than the average distance between adjacent engaging ends 130 of the central teeth.
  • the cortical teeth 120 and central teeth 122 may also have varying heights and otherwise may extend different distances from the respective faces 104 , 106 .
  • the teeth 120 , 122 extend approximately the same distance from each of the faces 104 , 106 .
  • the central teeth 122 extend further from the respective faces 104 , 106 when compared to the cortical teeth 120 .
  • the cortical teeth 120 extend further from the respective faces 104 , 106 when compared to the central teeth 122 .
  • the faces 104 , 106 may be curved, tapered and the like such that the teeth 120 , 122 may be relatively flat or may otherwise follow the contour of the faces 104 , 106 .
  • the cortical teeth 120 and central teeth may be configured in a number of different manners to contact specific portions of bone when inserted into a patient.
  • the cortical teeth 120 and central teeth may be configured in an osteo-specific tooth pattern. This pattern coincides with the bone type of the intervertebral endplate.
  • the cortical teeth 120 are positioned adjacent denser bone at the cortical rim of the endplate, whereas the larger and sharper central teeth 122 reside more centrally where the softer endplate bone is located.
  • this osteo-specific tooth configuration may be utilized to restrict implant movement in all directions.
  • the implant 100 may also include one or more throughbores 140 on an interior wall 142 of the implant body 102 .
  • the throughbores 140 may be configured to receive bone graft, bone substitute, or other similar material.
  • a plurality of stabilizing protrusions 144 may be included therein.
  • the protrusions 144 may take a variety of forms such as recesses, grooves, bosses, or fins formed within the throughbore 140 so as to interfere with packed graft sliding out. As found in the figures, the protrusions 144 are in the form of ridges extended generally around the circumference of the throughbore 140 .
  • the protrusions 144 are configured to be deep enough to stabilize the graft yet shallow enough so as to not substantially reduce the size of the throughbore 140 therein reducing the strength of the fusion.
  • the throughbore 140 includes a first plurality of protrusions 146 configured in a first orientation and a second plurality of protrusions 148 configured in a second orientation.
  • the first and second protrusions 146 , 148 are essentially the same type and form of protrusions, simply oriented in different configurations.
  • the first protrusions 146 include an angled surface 150 relative to the superior face 104 and a generally parallel face 152 relative to the superior face 104 .
  • the angled surface 150 will permit bone graft material to be inserted from the superior face 104 side of the implant 100 , but the generally parallel face 152 will impede bone graft material from exiting the throughbore 140 to the superior face 104 .
  • the second plurality of protrusions 148 may include similarly structured protrusions, just configured in a generally mirror image manner compared to the first plurality of protrusions 146 .
  • the second plurality of protrusions 148 may include an angled surface 154 relative to the inferior face 106 and a generally parallel face 156 relative to the inferior face 106 .
  • the angled surface 154 will permit bone graft material to be inserted from the inferior face 106 side of the implant 100 , but the generally parallel face 156 will impede bone graft material from exiting the throughbore 140 to the inferior face 106 .
  • the first and second pluralities of protrusions 146 , 148 are positioned and extend from a midpoint about the longitudinal length of the implant 100 .
  • the generally parallel faces 152 , 156 will be positioned such that they face the midpoint extending along the longitudinal axis of the implant.
  • the implant 100 may include a plurality of throughbores 140 , such as two throughbores 140 .
  • the implant 100 may include a single throughbore 140 or no throughbores 140 .
  • the sizes and shapes of the throughbores 140 need not be the same.
  • one throughbore 140 may be wider and longer than another throughbore 140 .
  • different throughbores 140 may have different heights, extending from the superior face 104 to the inferior face 106 .
  • the body 102 may include an insertion tool attachment portion 160 .
  • the insertion tool attachment portion 160 may be positioned at either and/or both of the ends 112 , 114 . As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , the insertion tool attachment portion 120 is positioned at the end 114 .
  • the insertion tool attachment portion 160 may comprise recesses, grooves, bosses, holes, threads, posts or other features that can be used to secure the implant 100 to an elongated instrument.
  • the implant in FIG. 3 utilizes a threaded hole 162 that may extend through one or more walls at the end 114 along with one or more arm pockets 164 . Together these features are configured to house the distal end of an implant inserter comprising an elongated shaft with a U-shaped end. Central to the U is a threaded rod for engagement into the threaded hole 162 to pull the implant tight to the instrument.
  • the arms of the U are spaced and configured to be received in the one or more arm pockets 164 to control rotational stability and to limit bending stress on the threaded rod from the instrument that threads into the threaded hole 162 of the implant 100 .
  • FIGS. 9-12 A further form of an implant is illustrated in FIGS. 9-12 . It should be noted that similar features found in this embodiment will be given similar numbers to those features previously described. More specifically, an implant 200 is provided having a body 202 , a superior face 204 and in inferior face 206 . As most readily seen in FIG. 11 , the superior 204 and inferior 206 faces may include a gentle curvature. The body 202 also includes longitudinal ends 212 , 214 .
  • the faces may be configured and positioned such that the body is somewhat tapered.
  • a thin body portion 270 may be at end 212 while a relatively thick body portion 272 may be at the other end 214 .
  • the body 202 may also include side walls 216 , 218 . As shown in FIG. 11 , the body 202 generally tapers down from end 214 towards end 212 .
  • end 212 is somewhat beveled or otherwise arcuate, but need not be as beveled or arcuate as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 as end 212 is a thin portion 270 that, as a result of its shape and taper, will assist in distracting adjacent vertebrae. Therefore, end 212 may be inserted as a leading edge into a patient.
  • the end 214 is beveled, tapered, arcuate or otherwise configured to assist in distracting adjacent vertebrae.
  • the implant 200 may be considered a bi-directional implant as it may be inserted with either of end 212 or end 214 as the leading edge during insertion as either end 212 , 214 will assist in distracting adjacent vertebrae.
  • implant 200 may take a variety of shapes, sizes, configurations and the like.
  • implant 200 may also include cortical teeth 220 and central teeth 222 similar to the manner and features described above with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 1 .
  • the cortical teeth 220 and central teeth 222 may be configured and positioned in an osteo-specific manner to provide interact with different bone materials and densities as discussed above.
  • the cortical teeth 220 include bone engaging ends 224 and valleys 226 between the teeth 220 which may be used to help define a number of different rows 228 of cortical teeth 220 .
  • the central teeth 222 include bone engaging ends 230 which are sharper when compared to the bone engaging ends 224 of the cortical teeth 220 .
  • the sizes, shapes, positioning, functionality and other features of the cortical teeth 220 and central teeth 222 may be similar to those described above with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 1 .
  • the implant 200 may also include one or more throughbores 240 on an interior wall 242 of the implant body 202 .
  • the throughbores 240 may include similar features, including protrusions 244 in a similar arrangement and configuration as described above.
  • the implant 200 may include a longitudinal gap 274 in the thin body portion 270 open to the end 212 .
  • the longitudinal gap 272 may terminate at a transverse wall portion 276 that is intermediate the longitudinal ends 212 , 214 . Therefore, the longitudinal gap 272 may be a generally U-shaped gap defined by the transverse wall portion 276 and side arm portions 278 . It should be noted that the transverse wall portion 276 is positioned away from the far-most portion of end 212 so that the transverse wall portion 276 has a thickness greater than the thin body portion 270 .
  • the implant 200 may include one or more insertion tool attachment portions. As found in FIGS. 9-21 , the implant 200 includes two insertion tool attachment portions. A first tool attachment portion 260 may be provided at end 214 , similar to insertion tool attachment portion 160 . In this regard, the first insertion tool attachment portion 260 may include a variety of different structures to couple to an insertion tool. For example, the first insertion tool attachment portion 260 includes a threaded hole 262 and one or more arm pockets 264 . The first insertion tool attachment portion 260 may be configured in a similar manner to portion 160 described above and use a similar tool to thereby provide end 212 as an insertion leading edge.
  • the implant 200 may also include a second insertion tool attachment portion 290 .
  • the second insertion tool attachment portion 290 may be located adjacent the transverse wall portion 276 .
  • the second insertion tool attachment portion 290 may be configured to couple to the same tool as with the first insertion tool attachment portion 260 or a different tool.
  • the second insertion tool attachment portion 290 includes a threaded hole 292 and the longitudinal gap 274 for receiving an insertion tool. The transverse wall portion 276 and/or the side arm portions 278 may cooperate with the insertion tool to stabilize the implant during insertion.
  • the implants may be configured to be cooperable with a number of instruments to allow a surgeon to implant and manipulate the implant. Exemplary forms of such tools are depicted in FIGS. 13-21 .
  • a first insertion tool 300 is configured for cooperating with a first end of the implant, such as end 212 .
  • a second insertion tool 302 may be configured to cooperating with a second end of the implant, such as end 214 .
  • the tools 300 , 302 are generally symmetrical in the horizontal direction, though it may alternatively be asymmetrical so that a particular relative orientation is required for coupling the implant and the insertion tool 300 , 302 .
  • the insertion tools 300 , 302 may be used to insert the implant within the intervertebral space, and may be used for manipulation of the implant within the intervertebral space. To enable this, a distal end 320 , 322 of the insertion tools 300 , 302 and the implant are coupled in a releasable fixed orientation. The insertion tool distal ends 320 , 322 and the implant are coupled so that a surgeon may apply force to the insertion tool 300 , 302 without the implant separating therefrom.
  • the insertion tools 300 , 302 have a handle portion 330 , 332 allowing a surgeon to manipulate the coupled implant 200 and insertion tool 300 , 302 .
  • Extending from the handle portion 330 , 332 is a shaft portion 334 , 336 including a sheath portion 338 , 340 with the distal ends 320 , 322 engageable with the respective insertion tool attachment portions of the implant 200 .
  • the sheath portions 338 , 340 includes a longitudinal throughbore 342 , 344 in which a rod 346 , 348 is received.
  • the rods 346 , 348 have an outer diameter sized to permit the rod 346 , 348 to easily rotate or reciprocate within the throughbores 342 , 344 .
  • the insertion tool distal ends 320 , 322 are coupled with the implant 200 by engaging the rod 346 , 348 and the distal end 320 , 322 in the respective insertion tool attachment portions 260 , 290 .
  • the rod 346 may be coupled to the threaded hole 292 while the rod 348 may be coupled to the threaded hole 262 .
  • the distal end 322 includes a pair of curved arms 400 extending outward from the distal end 322 forming a crescent-like structure which may be received by the arm pockets 264 .
  • the distal end 320 may include arms 402 which may be configured to couple to the longitudinal gap 274 , the transverse wall portion 276 and/or the side arm portions 278 .
  • intervertebral fusion devices Due to the anatomy of a patient, it is common and desirable to implant intervertebral fusion devices from an anterior or posterior-lateral direction, that is, from a direction offset from the lateral or anterior-posterior sides.
  • the implant is inserted into the intervertebral space from this direction, and then the implant is manipulated into the desired orientation during insertion of the implant into the intervertebral space.
  • the implant is configured to lateral surgical entry.
  • the body of the implant has a height (H) which is sized upon insertion to return the intervertebral disc spacing to a height substantially the same as when spaced by a healthy intervertebral disc.
  • the device has a length (L) substantially the lateral width of the vertebral endplate.
  • the device also has a width (W) that is substantially less than the anterior to posterior length of the vertebral endplate and further sized for insertion down an elongated corridor to the surgical site.
  • the implant 200 which may be bi-directional, can be inserted from either end of the implant 200 .
  • a patient having a deformity requiring a coronal implant with first end 212 leading on one level and second end or trailing end 214 leading on adjacent level could place both implants from the same incision site.
  • a coronal implant with instrument attachment only at the second end or trailing end would require the surgeon to create a second incision on the contralateral side.
  • the implants described herein may also comprise additional features such as one or more marker sites 180 , 280 .
  • the marker sites 180 , 280 may be in the form of a hole for the placement of a tantalum marker for viewing through X-ray or other imaging device.
  • the marker pin orientation confirms anterior/posterior alignment when a ‘T’ shape is made with the pins.
  • These markers 180 , 280 allow a surgeon to use radiographic equipment to identify the location and orientation of the implant within the intervertebral space, including identifying the height, length, and width of the implant. Utilizing the radiographic markers, a determination can be made as to whether adjustments to the position of the implant are necessary or desirable.
  • the implant devices described herein may be fabricated from any suitable materials having desirable strength and biocompatibility.
  • suitable materials may include, for example, biocompatible metals and related alloys (such as titanium and stainless steel), shape memory metals (such as Nitinol), biocompatible polymers (including, for example, materials of the polyaryletherketone family such as PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PAEK (polyaryletherketone), PEK (polyetherketone), PEKK (polyetherketoneketone), PEKEKK (polyetherketoneetherketoneketone), PEEKK (polyetheretherketoneketone), and PAEEK (polyaryletheretherketone), filled materials (such as carbon or glass fiber-reinforced materials), bone substitute materials (such as hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate), composite materials, and/or any combination of the above.
  • biocompatible metals and related alloys such as titanium and stainless steel
  • shape memory metals such as Nitinol
  • biocompatible polymers including,
  • the implant devices are formed of a PEEK-type material.
  • the implant device may be formed, in whole or in part, or coated with a calcium phosphate ceramic bone substitute such as hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, and/or mixtures thereof.
  • a calcium phosphate ceramic bone substitute such as hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, and/or mixtures thereof.
  • Particularly preferred hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate compositions include those disclosed in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,013,591, U.S. Pat. No. RE 39,196, and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0031704, which are hereby incorporated in their entirety herein.
  • Coating with the calcium phosphate ceramics can be achieved by any known method, including dip coating-sintering, immersion coating, electrophoretic deposition, hot isostatic pressing, solution deposition, ion-beam sputter coating and dynamic mixing, thermal spraying techniques such as plasma spraying, flame spraying and high-velocity oxy-fuel combustion spraying.
  • hydroxyapatite coating is achieved by plasma spraying.
  • the implant device may be formed of a PEEK-type material and coated with such a bone substitute material.
  • the implant device may be formed, in whole or in part, coated with, injected with, incorporate, and/or retain a bone growth stimulating composition such as the bioactive hydrogel matrix described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 6,231,881, U.S. Pat. No. 6,730,315, U.S. Pat. No. 6,315,994, U.S. Pat. No. 6,713,079, U.S. Pat. No. 6,261,587, U.S. Pat. No. 5,824,331, U.S. Pat. No. 6,068,974, U.S. Pat. No.
  • the implant device of the invention may be formed of two distinct materials.
  • bone graft material may be utilized with the implants to help fuse vertebrae.
  • exemplary artificial bone graft material includes calcium phosphates (such as hydroxyapatite and tri-calcium phosphate).
  • suitable materials includes those described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,013,591, J. Y. Ying, E. S. Ahn, and A. Nakahira, “Nanocrystalline apatites and composites, prostheses incorporating them, and method for their production,” which is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein.
  • Another exemplary material is described in U.S. Pat. No. RE 39,196 E, Jackie Y. Ying, Edward S. Ahn, and Atsushi Nakahira, “Nanocrystalline apatites and composites, prostheses incorporating them, and method for their production,” which is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein.

Abstract

An intervertebral implant for being implanted between adjacent vertebrae is provided. The implant includes a generally elongate implant body having a length extending between opposite longitudinal ends thereof, a superior face and an inferior face. The superior face and inferior face include cortical teeth adjacent to the implant body longitudinal ends. Additionally, the superior and inferior faces include longitudinally central teeth intermediate the cortical teeth and have bone engaging ends. The central teeth have a sharper configuration than that of the cortical teeth bone engaging ends for biting into the softer central bone material of the vertebrae. The cortical teeth are arranged in a first density per unit area and the central teeth are arranged in a second density per unit area that is less than the first density.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is a continuation of prior application Ser. No. 14/734,764, filed Jun. 9, 2015, which is a continuation of prior application Ser. No. 13/648,086, filed Oct. 9, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,132,021, issued Sep. 15, 2015, which claims benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/545,030, filed Oct. 7, 2011, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
FIELD
The present application relates to implant devices for implantation between adjacent vertebrae and, in particular, to implant devices for immobilization and fusion of adjacent vertebrae.
BACKGROUND
A variety of spinal conditions result in a person experiencing pain or limited physical activity and ability. More specifically, damage to vertebrae composing the spine and spinal discs between the vertebrae may occur as a result of trauma, deformity, disease, or other degenerative conditions. Some of these conditions can be life-threatening, while others cause impingement on the spinal cord resulting in pain and a lack of mobility. Removing the impingement, thus reducing swelling or pressure from the damaged or diseased tissue against the spinal cord, can relieve the pain and often promotes healing and return of normal nervous system functioning. However, the absence of proper medical care may lead to further damage and degeneration of spinal health and to permanent spinal cord damage.
The spine principally includes a series of vertebrae and spinal discs located in a space between adjacent vertebrae. The vertebrae are formed of hard bone while the discs comprise a comparatively soft annulus and nucleus. The discs support the vertebrae in proper position and enable the torso to be rotated and to bend laterally and anteriorly-posteriorly. The discs also act as shock absorbers or cushions when the spine is experiencing shock, such as when a person jogs.
Damage to the spine often results in a reduced physiological capability. For instance, damage to the disc may allow the annulus to bulge, commonly referred to as a herniated disc. In more severe cases, the damage may allow the nucleus to leak from the annulus. These same results may be brought about by a damaged or fractured vertebra. In any event, such damage often causes the vertebrae to shift closer or compress, and often causes a portion of the disc to press against the spinal cord.
One manner of treating these conditions is through immobilization of the vertebrae in a portion of the spine, such as two or more adjacent vertebrae. The conditions often lead to degeneration and a loss of disc support, and immobilization is often beneficial in reducing or eliminating pain. Immobilization and/or fusion have been performed via a number of techniques and devices, and the type of injury often suggests a preferred treatment regime.
One of these treatments is known as spinal fusion surgery. For this, two or more adjacent or consecutive vertebrae are initially immobilized relative to each other and, over time, become fused in a desired spatial relationship. The vertebrae are relatively immobilized at the proper intervertebral distance which replicates the support characteristics of the spine. This prescription sacrifices the rotation or flexion between the affected vertebrae, such that some loss of movement and flexibility is experienced. However, the compression on the spinal cord due to the injury or damage is reduced or eliminated, and the fused vertebrae protect the spine and spinal cord from injury. Overall, the non-fused portions of the spine are largely able to compensate for most normal movement expected by a patient.
Currently, a number of vertebral body replacement devices (VBRs) for immobilizing and fusing adjacent vertebrae are known. During an implantation procedure, the intervertebral space is initially excavated to provide a volume for locating a VBR therein. Once excavated, the adjacent vertebrae have a tendency to shift toward each other a small amount, thereby compressing the space or volume. Additionally, many VBRs have surface features such as prongs or teeth which extend away from upper and lower surfaces of the VBR for being embedded into the adjacent vertebrae. In order to locate the device within the intervertebral space, instruments may be used to spread the vertebrae apart. During such a procedure, care must be taken not to damage the spinal cord. The VBRs may then be inserted into the intervertebral space in an orientation where the surfaces with teeth thereon face the adjacent vertebral surfaces. However, the teeth may impede insertion of the VBR by biting into the bone too much. Alternatively, the VBR may not be maintained in position if the teeth do not bite into the bone enough to impede movement or walking of the VBR when installed.
Further, oftentimes spacing between vertebrae is not uniform such that differently shaped VBRs may be inserted. In this regard, it may be possible that two vertebrae have a large gap on the patient's right side while two other vertebrae in the same patient may have a large gap on the patient's left side. In such situations, where lateral insertion of the VBR is being used, the surgeon must go in on opposite sides of the patient or otherwise rotate the patient to insert the VBRs in between the oppositely shaped sets of vertebrae. This is a result of a number of features such as the shape of the VBRs and the location of the tool coupling locations.
In some cases, the intervertebral space receives the VBR or implant device as well as an amount of graft material. The graft material may be in a number of forms, such as cancellous bone chips, which are packed into the intervertebral space and around the VBR. For VBRs with internal cavities opening on at least one side to the intervertebral space, graft material is also placed within the cavities so that bone may grow through the VBR device and join with bone formation throughout the intervertebral space.
However, as these bone chips are loose and oftentimes fragile, migration of the bone chips from the intervertebral space presents an issue. While implanting more bone graft material promotes faster bone formation throughout the intervertebral space, the loose bone chips or graft material portions tend to separate from each other, a tendency which is exacerbated by being more tightly packed. Full fusion may take upwards of two years, during which time a patient's movement may contribute to the graft material explanting from the intervertebral site. In general, previous solutions to this problem have consisted of sewing the intervertebral site closed, such as by retaining and re-closing the natural damaged annulus, or by providing the cavities within a VBR.
Accordingly, there has been a need for improved spinal fusion systems.
SUMMARY
Thus, in accordance with one form, an intervertebral implant for being implanted between adjacent vertebrae is provided. The implant includes a generally elongate implant body having a length extending between opposite longitudinal ends thereof, a superior face and an inferior face. The superior face and inferior face include cortical teeth adjacent to the implant body longitudinal ends and have bone-engaging ends for engaging outer cortical bone material of the vertebrae. Additionally, the superior and inferior faces include longitudinally central teeth intermediate the cortical teeth and have bone engaging ends for engaging central bone material of the vertebrae that are softer than the cortical bone material thereof with the central teeth bone engaging ends having a sharper configuration than that of the cortical teeth bone engaging ends for biting into the softer central bone material of the vertebrae.
In accordance with one form, an intervertebral implant is provided having an implant body. A superior face of the implant body includes a first end, a second end and a central portion positioned between the first and second ends. An inferior face of the implant body includes a first end, a second end and a central portion positioned between the first and second ends. Different cortical and central teeth on at least one of the superior and inferior faces are configured in an osteo-specific arrangement with at least one of the first and second ends including a first density of the cortical teeth per unit area and the central portion including a second density of the central teeth per unit area, the first density being greater than the second density.
According to one form, an intervertebral implant for insertion between adjacent vertebrae is provided. The intervertebral implant includes a generally elongate implant body having a length extending between opposite longitudinal ends thereof. Further, a thick body portion is located at one of the implant body ends and has a first insertion tool attachment portion. A thin body portion is at the other implant body end so that the implant body generally tapers down from the one end to the other end thereof. A longitudinal gap in located the thin body portion open to the other end of the implant body for receiving an insertion tool therein. A transverse wall portion of the implant body is intermediate the longitudinal ends thereof with the longitudinal gap terminating at the transverse wall portion. Additionally, the transverse wall portion has a thickness greater than the thin body portion. A second insertion tool attachment portion of the transverse wall portion is provided to which an insertion tool received in the longitudinal gap can be attached for inserting the implant body either utilizing the first insertion tool attachment with the thin body portion leading during implant insertion or utilizing the second insertion tool attachment portion with the thick body portion leading during implant insertion.
An intervertebral implant is provided for insertion between adjacent vertebrae. The implant includes an implant body having a length extending between opposite longitudinal ends thereof. Further, the implant includes a superior face of the implant body and an inferior face of the implant body. A throughbore extends between the superior and inferior faces through the body and is configured to receive fusion material therein. The implant also includes an interior wall of the implant body extending along the throughbore and is configured to retain the fusion material therein. A plurality of first stabilizing protrusions extend from the interior wall in a first orientation to impede the fusion material from exiting the aperture to the superior face during a surgical implant procedure. Further, a plurality of second stabilizing protrusions extend from the interior wall in a second orientation to impede fusion material from exiting the aperture to the inferior face during the surgical implant procedure. In this regard, the first and second orientations are different.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one form of an intervertebral implant;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a rear perspective view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view of a portion of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a further intervertebral implant;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the cross-section taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the cross-section taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of one form of an intervertebral implant;
FIG. 10 is a top view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a side view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 9;
FIG. 12 is a rear perspective view of intervertebral implant of FIG. 9;
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an intervertebral implant and insertion tool coupled to one end;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged side view of the intervertebral implant and insertion tool of FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is an enlarged perspective view of the intervertebral implant and insertion tool of FIG. 13;
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 15;
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of an intervertebral implant and insertion tool coupled to another end of the intervertebral implant;
FIG. 18 is an enlarged perspective view of the intervertebral implant and insertion tool of FIG. 17;
FIG. 19 is a cross-section view taken along line C-C of FIG. 18;
FIG. 20 is a side view of two intervertebral implants and insertion tools coupled thereto being inserted between vertebrae; and
FIG. 21 is an enlarged view of the two intervertebral implants and insertion tools of FIG. 20.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring initially to FIG. 1, one form of an intervertebral implant is shown for implantation within an intervertebral space between adjacent vertebrae, such as used during fusion surgery. More specifically, implant 100 is illustrated as having a body 102, a superior face 104 and an inferior face 106. The superior 104 and inferior 106 faces may have a gentle convex curvature to generally match the concave curvature of the vertebrae when installed. These faces may be parallel, or inclined at an angle with respect to each other as will be understood from the description and additional embodiments described below and illustrated in the figures.
For example, the implant may be configured in a ‘D’ profile, wedge profile, bullet-shaped profile and the like. In one form, the implant may be configured with profiles comprising a narrower lateral dimension along its axis of insertion into the intervertebral space therein minimizing disruption to tissue. Conversely, since the device must act as a spacer, it must provide adequate support to the superior and inferior endplates of the corresponding vertebrae such that stresses do not cause the device to subside into the endplate bone. Therefore the device should avoid unduly narrow or otherwise unstable profiles with inadequate endplate supporting surfaces. It should be noted that other shapes, sizes and the like are contemplated.
Implant angulation may also be orientated from a shorter first end face or nose face to a taller second end face or trailing face as in the coronal taper which will be discussed in more detail regarding other embodiments described herein. The slope of the implant may be configured to correct spinal deformities wherein the bone is deformed or diseased such that one side of the intervertebral space is open wider than the other or in which one side of a vertebrae needs to be jacked up in order to realign a vertebral segment. Moreover, the implant may be angled or beveled along any respective face or wall to accommodate differently shaped vertebrae.
In one form, the body 102 generally includes a length (L) extending between opposite longitudinal ends 112, 114. In one form, the longitudinal end 112 may be considered generally a nose end while end 114 may be considered a tail end. As best seen in FIGS. 1 and 4, the end 112 may be generally arcuate shaped, beveled or otherwise tapered to assist in distracting adjacent vertebrae during insertion. In this regard, the end 112 slopes away from or otherwise curves away from the respective superior and inferior faces 104,106. A further implant 115 is shown in FIG. 5 having a more rounded end 117 compared to end 112. Other shapes and sizes of the ends are also contemplated, such as will be described below in further detail with respect to additional embodiments found in the figures. The body 102 may also include side walls 116,118, depending on the shape of the body 102.
The implant 100 may include a plurality of different teeth, such as cortical teeth 120 and central teeth 122. The cortical teeth 120 and central teeth 122 may be configured and positioned to interact with different bone materials and densities as will be discussed in more detail below.
As seen in FIGS. 1-3, in one form, cortical teeth 120 may be positioned on one and/or both of the superior and inferior faces 104,106. Further, the cortical teeth 120 may be positioned adjacent the longitudinal ends 112,114 so as to engage outer cortical bone when installed. In this regard, the cortical teeth 120 may include bone engaging ends 124, such as peaks of the teeth 120, which are configured for contacting the relatively hard cortical bone material when installed. The bone engaging ends 124 need not be sharp as they are configured for contacting the cortical bone. In one form, the bone engaging ends 124 are flattened, as seen in FIG. 8, or are otherwise rounded or the like to provide contact surfaces for contacting cortical bone.
The cortical teeth 120 also include valleys 126 between the teeth. The valleys 126 may be in the form of grooves, channels and the like to help separate and define the individual cortical teeth 120. The valleys 126 may also be used to help define a number of different rows 128 of cortical teeth 120. As shown in FIG. 7, the cortical teeth 120 may be arranged in a number of rows 128 wherein the rows are generally arranged in an arcuate manner. In this regard, the arcuate arrangement of the cortical teeth may be configured such that the cortical teeth 120 generally conform to the expected location of the cortical bone when inserted into a patient.
The central teeth 122, on the other hand, include bone engaging ends 130 which are relatively sharper when compared to the cortical teeth 120. As seen in FIGS. 7 and 8, the bone engaging ends 130 of the cortical teeth come to a much sharper point or peak when compared to the bone engaging ends 124 of the cortical teeth 120. In this regard, the central teeth 122 may be better suited for biting into the central bone region which is relatively softer compared to the cortical region. Just as with the cortical teeth 120, the central teeth also include valleys 132 to define the individual central teeth 122. The valleys 132 may also take a variety of different shapes and sizes. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the valleys 132 are generally bowl shaped to define the bone engaging ends 130. In this regard, each valley 132 may be used to define a plurality of different bone engaging ends 130 or peaks. In one form, each valley may be bordered by at least six different peaks or bone engaging ends 130. In this form, the valleys 132 are bowl-like, but are also generally hexagonal. Other forms, shapes and sizes of the bone engaging ends 130 and valleys 132 are also contemplated.
Further, in one form, the central teeth 122 are more spaced apart from one another when compared to the cortical teeth 120. More specifically, the bone engaging ends 130 are more spaced from one another than the bone engaging ends 124. In this form, the bone engaging ends 130 of the central teeth 122 will be able to provide a greater force per unit area to bite into the softer central bone when compared to the bone engaging ends 124 of the cortical teeth biting into the cortical bone area. In other words, the density (number per unit area) of the cortical teeth 120 and/or the bone engaging ends 124 is greater than the density (number per unit area) of the central teeth 122 and/or the bone engaging ends 130.
Moreover, in one form, the cortical teeth 120 provide a greater ratio of contact surface area, such as the surface area of the bone engaging ends 124, per unit area covered by the cortical teeth 120 when compared to the contact surface area, such as the surface area of the bone engaging ends 130, per unit area covered by the central teeth 122. Further, the average distance between adjacent engaging ends 124 of the cortical teeth is smaller than the average distance between adjacent engaging ends 130 of the central teeth.
The cortical teeth 120 and central teeth 122 may also have varying heights and otherwise may extend different distances from the respective faces 104,106. In one form, the teeth 120,122 extend approximately the same distance from each of the faces 104,106. In another form, the central teeth 122 extend further from the respective faces 104,106 when compared to the cortical teeth 120. In yet another form, the cortical teeth 120 extend further from the respective faces 104,106 when compared to the central teeth 122. It should also be understood that the faces 104,106 may be curved, tapered and the like such that the teeth 120,122 may be relatively flat or may otherwise follow the contour of the faces 104,106.
As described above, the cortical teeth 120 and central teeth may be configured in a number of different manners to contact specific portions of bone when inserted into a patient. For example, the cortical teeth 120 and central teeth may be configured in an osteo-specific tooth pattern. This pattern coincides with the bone type of the intervertebral endplate. The cortical teeth 120 are positioned adjacent denser bone at the cortical rim of the endplate, whereas the larger and sharper central teeth 122 reside more centrally where the softer endplate bone is located. In one form, unlike other devices which may have teeth configured to prevent implant backout, this osteo-specific tooth configuration may be utilized to restrict implant movement in all directions.
The implant 100 may also include one or more throughbores 140 on an interior wall 142 of the implant body 102. The throughbores 140 may be configured to receive bone graft, bone substitute, or other similar material. To assist in maintaining the bone graft, bone substitute, or similar material in the throughbore 140, a plurality of stabilizing protrusions 144 may be included therein. The protrusions 144 may take a variety of forms such as recesses, grooves, bosses, or fins formed within the throughbore 140 so as to interfere with packed graft sliding out. As found in the figures, the protrusions 144 are in the form of ridges extended generally around the circumference of the throughbore 140. The protrusions 144 are configured to be deep enough to stabilize the graft yet shallow enough so as to not substantially reduce the size of the throughbore 140 therein reducing the strength of the fusion.
In one form, such as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the throughbore 140 includes a first plurality of protrusions 146 configured in a first orientation and a second plurality of protrusions 148 configured in a second orientation. According to one form, the first and second protrusions 146,148 are essentially the same type and form of protrusions, simply oriented in different configurations. For example, the first protrusions 146 include an angled surface 150 relative to the superior face 104 and a generally parallel face 152 relative to the superior face 104. In this regard, the angled surface 150 will permit bone graft material to be inserted from the superior face 104 side of the implant 100, but the generally parallel face 152 will impede bone graft material from exiting the throughbore 140 to the superior face 104.
The second plurality of protrusions 148 may include similarly structured protrusions, just configured in a generally mirror image manner compared to the first plurality of protrusions 146. For example, the second plurality of protrusions 148 may include an angled surface 154 relative to the inferior face 106 and a generally parallel face 156 relative to the inferior face 106. The angled surface 154 will permit bone graft material to be inserted from the inferior face 106 side of the implant 100, but the generally parallel face 156 will impede bone graft material from exiting the throughbore 140 to the inferior face 106. In one form, the first and second pluralities of protrusions 146,148, are positioned and extend from a midpoint about the longitudinal length of the implant 100. In other words, the generally parallel faces 152,156 will be positioned such that they face the midpoint extending along the longitudinal axis of the implant.
In one form, such as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the implant 100 may include a plurality of throughbores 140, such as two throughbores 140. However, the implant 100 may include a single throughbore 140 or no throughbores 140. Further, in the case of multiple throughbores 140, the sizes and shapes of the throughbores 140 need not be the same. For example, one throughbore 140 may be wider and longer than another throughbore 140. Similarly, different throughbores 140 may have different heights, extending from the superior face 104 to the inferior face 106.
Further, the body 102 may include an insertion tool attachment portion 160. The insertion tool attachment portion 160 may be positioned at either and/or both of the ends 112,114. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the insertion tool attachment portion 120 is positioned at the end 114.
The insertion tool attachment portion 160 may comprise recesses, grooves, bosses, holes, threads, posts or other features that can be used to secure the implant 100 to an elongated instrument. The implant in FIG. 3 utilizes a threaded hole 162 that may extend through one or more walls at the end 114 along with one or more arm pockets 164. Together these features are configured to house the distal end of an implant inserter comprising an elongated shaft with a U-shaped end. Central to the U is a threaded rod for engagement into the threaded hole 162 to pull the implant tight to the instrument. The arms of the U are spaced and configured to be received in the one or more arm pockets 164 to control rotational stability and to limit bending stress on the threaded rod from the instrument that threads into the threaded hole 162 of the implant 100.
A further form of an implant is illustrated in FIGS. 9-12. It should be noted that similar features found in this embodiment will be given similar numbers to those features previously described. More specifically, an implant 200 is provided having a body 202, a superior face 204 and in inferior face 206. As most readily seen in FIG. 11, the superior 204 and inferior 206 faces may include a gentle curvature. The body 202 also includes longitudinal ends 212,214.
Further, the faces may be configured and positioned such that the body is somewhat tapered. In this regard, a thin body portion 270 may be at end 212 while a relatively thick body portion 272 may be at the other end 214. The body 202 may also include side walls 216,218. As shown in FIG. 11, the body 202 generally tapers down from end 214 towards end 212. Further, it should be noted that end 212 is somewhat beveled or otherwise arcuate, but need not be as beveled or arcuate as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 as end 212 is a thin portion 270 that, as a result of its shape and taper, will assist in distracting adjacent vertebrae. Therefore, end 212 may be inserted as a leading edge into a patient.
As seen in FIG. 11, the end 214 is beveled, tapered, arcuate or otherwise configured to assist in distracting adjacent vertebrae. In this regard, the implant 200 may be considered a bi-directional implant as it may be inserted with either of end 212 or end 214 as the leading edge during insertion as either end 212,214 will assist in distracting adjacent vertebrae. Just as with implant 100, implant 200 may take a variety of shapes, sizes, configurations and the like.
Further, implant 200 may also include cortical teeth 220 and central teeth 222 similar to the manner and features described above with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 1. The cortical teeth 220 and central teeth 222 may be configured and positioned in an osteo-specific manner to provide interact with different bone materials and densities as discussed above.
The cortical teeth 220 include bone engaging ends 224 and valleys 226 between the teeth 220 which may be used to help define a number of different rows 228 of cortical teeth 220. The central teeth 222 include bone engaging ends 230 which are sharper when compared to the bone engaging ends 224 of the cortical teeth 220. The sizes, shapes, positioning, functionality and other features of the cortical teeth 220 and central teeth 222 may be similar to those described above with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
The implant 200 may also include one or more throughbores 240 on an interior wall 242 of the implant body 202. The throughbores 240 may include similar features, including protrusions 244 in a similar arrangement and configuration as described above.
The implant 200 may include a longitudinal gap 274 in the thin body portion 270 open to the end 212. In this regard, the longitudinal gap 272 may terminate at a transverse wall portion 276 that is intermediate the longitudinal ends 212,214. Therefore, the longitudinal gap 272 may be a generally U-shaped gap defined by the transverse wall portion 276 and side arm portions 278. It should be noted that the transverse wall portion 276 is positioned away from the far-most portion of end 212 so that the transverse wall portion 276 has a thickness greater than the thin body portion 270.
The implant 200 may include one or more insertion tool attachment portions. As found in FIGS. 9-21, the implant 200 includes two insertion tool attachment portions. A first tool attachment portion 260 may be provided at end 214, similar to insertion tool attachment portion 160. In this regard, the first insertion tool attachment portion 260 may include a variety of different structures to couple to an insertion tool. For example, the first insertion tool attachment portion 260 includes a threaded hole 262 and one or more arm pockets 264. The first insertion tool attachment portion 260 may be configured in a similar manner to portion 160 described above and use a similar tool to thereby provide end 212 as an insertion leading edge.
The implant 200 may also include a second insertion tool attachment portion 290. In one form, the second insertion tool attachment portion 290 may be located adjacent the transverse wall portion 276. In this regard, the second insertion tool attachment portion 290 may be configured to couple to the same tool as with the first insertion tool attachment portion 260 or a different tool. In one form, the second insertion tool attachment portion 290 includes a threaded hole 292 and the longitudinal gap 274 for receiving an insertion tool. The transverse wall portion 276 and/or the side arm portions 278 may cooperate with the insertion tool to stabilize the implant during insertion.
The implants may be configured to be cooperable with a number of instruments to allow a surgeon to implant and manipulate the implant. Exemplary forms of such tools are depicted in FIGS. 13-21. In one form, a first insertion tool 300 is configured for cooperating with a first end of the implant, such as end 212. A second insertion tool 302 may be configured to cooperating with a second end of the implant, such as end 214.
In one form, the tools 300,302 are generally symmetrical in the horizontal direction, though it may alternatively be asymmetrical so that a particular relative orientation is required for coupling the implant and the insertion tool 300,302.
The insertion tools 300,302 may be used to insert the implant within the intervertebral space, and may be used for manipulation of the implant within the intervertebral space. To enable this, a distal end 320,322 of the insertion tools 300,302 and the implant are coupled in a releasable fixed orientation. The insertion tool distal ends 320,322 and the implant are coupled so that a surgeon may apply force to the insertion tool 300,302 without the implant separating therefrom.
Referring to FIGS. 13 and 17, the insertion tools 300,302 have a handle portion 330,332 allowing a surgeon to manipulate the coupled implant 200 and insertion tool 300,302. Extending from the handle portion 330,332 is a shaft portion 334,336 including a sheath portion 338,340 with the distal ends 320,322 engageable with the respective insertion tool attachment portions of the implant 200. The sheath portions 338,340 includes a longitudinal throughbore 342,344 in which a rod 346,348 is received. The rods 346,348 have an outer diameter sized to permit the rod 346,348 to easily rotate or reciprocate within the throughbores 342,344.
The insertion tool distal ends 320,322 are coupled with the implant 200 by engaging the rod 346,348 and the distal end 320,322 in the respective insertion tool attachment portions 260,290. For example, the rod 346 may be coupled to the threaded hole 292 while the rod 348 may be coupled to the threaded hole 262. The distal end 322 includes a pair of curved arms 400 extending outward from the distal end 322 forming a crescent-like structure which may be received by the arm pockets 264. The distal end 320 may include arms 402 which may be configured to couple to the longitudinal gap 274, the transverse wall portion 276 and/or the side arm portions 278.
Due to the anatomy of a patient, it is common and desirable to implant intervertebral fusion devices from an anterior or posterior-lateral direction, that is, from a direction offset from the lateral or anterior-posterior sides. The implant is inserted into the intervertebral space from this direction, and then the implant is manipulated into the desired orientation during insertion of the implant into the intervertebral space.
In one form, the implant is configured to lateral surgical entry. For example, in one form, the body of the implant has a height (H) which is sized upon insertion to return the intervertebral disc spacing to a height substantially the same as when spaced by a healthy intervertebral disc. The device has a length (L) substantially the lateral width of the vertebral endplate. The device also has a width (W) that is substantially less than the anterior to posterior length of the vertebral endplate and further sized for insertion down an elongated corridor to the surgical site.
The implant 200, which may be bi-directional, can be inserted from either end of the implant 200. For example, a patient having a deformity requiring a coronal implant with first end 212 leading on one level and second end or trailing end 214 leading on adjacent level could place both implants from the same incision site. A coronal implant with instrument attachment only at the second end or trailing end would require the surgeon to create a second incision on the contralateral side.
The implants described herein may also comprise additional features such as one or more marker sites 180,280. In one embodiment, the marker sites 180,280 may be in the form of a hole for the placement of a tantalum marker for viewing through X-ray or other imaging device. In this embodiment the marker pin orientation confirms anterior/posterior alignment when a ‘T’ shape is made with the pins. These markers 180,280 allow a surgeon to use radiographic equipment to identify the location and orientation of the implant within the intervertebral space, including identifying the height, length, and width of the implant. Utilizing the radiographic markers, a determination can be made as to whether adjustments to the position of the implant are necessary or desirable.
The implant devices described herein may be fabricated from any suitable materials having desirable strength and biocompatibility. Suitable materials may include, for example, biocompatible metals and related alloys (such as titanium and stainless steel), shape memory metals (such as Nitinol), biocompatible polymers (including, for example, materials of the polyaryletherketone family such as PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PAEK (polyaryletherketone), PEK (polyetherketone), PEKK (polyetherketoneketone), PEKEKK (polyetherketoneetherketoneketone), PEEKK (polyetheretherketoneketone), and PAEEK (polyaryletheretherketone), filled materials (such as carbon or glass fiber-reinforced materials), bone substitute materials (such as hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate), composite materials, and/or any combination of the above.
In one preferred form, the implant devices are formed of a PEEK-type material. In another from, the implant device may be formed, in whole or in part, or coated with a calcium phosphate ceramic bone substitute such as hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, and/or mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate compositions include those disclosed in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,013,591, U.S. Pat. No. RE 39,196, and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0031704, which are hereby incorporated in their entirety herein. Coating with the calcium phosphate ceramics can be achieved by any known method, including dip coating-sintering, immersion coating, electrophoretic deposition, hot isostatic pressing, solution deposition, ion-beam sputter coating and dynamic mixing, thermal spraying techniques such as plasma spraying, flame spraying and high-velocity oxy-fuel combustion spraying. In one preferred embodiment, hydroxyapatite coating is achieved by plasma spraying.
In yet another form, the implant device may be formed of a PEEK-type material and coated with such a bone substitute material. In yet another form, the implant device may be formed, in whole or in part, coated with, injected with, incorporate, and/or retain a bone growth stimulating composition such as the bioactive hydrogel matrix described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 6,231,881, U.S. Pat. No. 6,730,315, U.S. Pat. No. 6,315,994, U.S. Pat. No. 6,713,079, U.S. Pat. No. 6,261,587, U.S. Pat. No. 5,824,331, U.S. Pat. No. 6,068,974, U.S. Pat. No. 6,352,707, U.S. Pat. No. 6,270,977, U.S. Pat. No. 5,614,205, U.S. Pat. No. 6,790,455, U.S. Pat. No. 5,922,339, and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0118230, which are hereby incorporated in their entirety herein. Alternatively, the implant device of the invention may be formed of two distinct materials.
As described throughout the present application, bone graft material, bone replacement material and the like may be utilized with the implants to help fuse vertebrae. Exemplary artificial bone graft material includes calcium phosphates (such as hydroxyapatite and tri-calcium phosphate). Other suitable materials includes those described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,013,591, J. Y. Ying, E. S. Ahn, and A. Nakahira, “Nanocrystalline apatites and composites, prostheses incorporating them, and method for their production,” which is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein. Another exemplary material is described in U.S. Pat. No. RE 39,196 E, Jackie Y. Ying, Edward S. Ahn, and Atsushi Nakahira, “Nanocrystalline apatites and composites, prostheses incorporating them, and method for their production,” which is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein.
Another exemplary product is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,231,881 B1, Anton-Lewis Usala, and Richard Chris Klann, “Medium and matrix for long-term proliferation of cells,” which is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,730,315 B2, Anton-Lewis Usala, and Richard Chris Klann, “Medium and matrix for long-term proliferation of cells,” which is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,315,994 B2, Anton-Lewis Usala, and Richard Chris Klann, “Medium and matrix for long-term proliferation of cells,” which is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein. Similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 6,713,079 B2, U.S. Pat. No. 6,261,587 B1, U.S. Pat. No. 5,824,331, U.S. Pat. No. 6,068,974, U.S. Pat. No. 6,352,707 B1, U.S. Pat. No. 6,270,977 B1, U.S. Pat. No. 5,614,205, U.S. Pat. No. 6,790,455 B2, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,922,339 and U.S. Patent Application 2005/0118230 A1, Ronald Stewart Hill, Richard Chris Klann, and Francis V. Lambert, “Methods and compositions for regenerating connective tissue,” are incorporated by reference in their entirety herein. Further exemplary artificial bone graft materials are sold by Pioneer Surgical Technologies, Inc., under the trade names E-Matrix, TrioMatrix, Nanoss and FortrOss.
It will be understood that various changes in the details, materials, and arrangements of parts and components which have been herein described and illustrated in order to explain the nature of the methods and compositions may be made by those skilled in the art within the principle and scope as expressed in the appended claims.

Claims (15)

What is claimed is:
1. An intervertebral implant for being implanted between adjacent vertebrae, the intervertebral implant comprising:
a generally elongate implant body having a length extending along a longitudinal axis between opposite longitudinal ends thereof, an intermediate portion located between the longitudinal ends;
a superior and an inferior face of the implant body;
cortical teeth on the superior and inferior faces in first and second zones adjacent to the implant body longitudinal ends and having a first geometric shape with bone-engaging ends for engaging outer cortical bone material of the vertebrae; and
longitudinally central teeth on the superior and inferior faces positioned in a third zone between the first and second zones, the longitudinally central teeth having a second geometric shape with bone engaging ends for engaging central bone material of the vertebrae that is softer than the cortical bone material thereof with the central teeth bone engaging ends having a sharper configuration than that of the cortical teeth bone engaging ends for biting into the softer central bone material of the vertebrae, the first and second geometric shapes being different, the third zone extending along at least a portion of the implant body having through openings configured to receive fusion material.
2. The intervertebral implant of claim 1 wherein the bone engaging ends of adjacent central teeth have a predetermined distance therebetween and the bone engaging ends of adjacent cortical teeth have a predetermined distance therebetween that, on an average, is smaller than the distance between bone engaging ends of adjacent central teeth.
3. The intervertebral implant of claim 2 wherein the predetermined distance between pairs of adjacent cortical teeth varies.
4. The intervertebral implant of claim 1 wherein the cortical teeth are arranged in predetermined area on the implant body faces in a generally arcuate configuration.
5. The intervertebral implant of claim 1 wherein the cortical teeth are arranged in a first density per unit area and the central teeth are provided in a second density per unit area that is less than the first density.
6. An intervertebral implant comprising:
an implant body;
a superior face of the implant body having a first end portion, a second end portion and a central portion positioned between the first and second end portions;
an inferior face of the implant body having a first end portion, a second end portion and a central portion positioned between the first and second end portions; and
different cortical and central teeth on at least one of the superior and inferior faces configured in an osteo-specific arrangement with at least one of the first and second end portions including the cortical teeth arranged in a first density per unit area and the central portion including the central teeth arranged in a second density per unit area that is less than the first density, the cortical teeth having a different geometric shape than the central teeth, the central portion extending along at least a portion of the implant body having through openings configured to receive fusion material.
7. The intervertebral implant of claim 6 wherein the bone engaging ends of adjacent central teeth have a predetermined distance therebetween and the bone engaging ends of adjacent cortical teeth have a predetermined distance therebetween that, on an average, is smaller than the distance between bone engaging ends of adjacent central teeth.
8. The intervertebral implant of claim 6 wherein the first and second end portions include a plurality of rows of the cortical teeth with each row arranged in a generally arcuate configuration.
9. The intervertebral implant of claim 6 wherein the cortical and central teeth have peaks with the central teeth peaks being sharper than the cortical teeth peaks.
10. The intervertebral implant of claim 9 wherein the central teeth have a greater spacing between adjacent peaks than the spacing between adjacent peaks of the cortical teeth.
11. An intervertebral implant comprising:
an implant body having a length and extending along a longitudinal axis between opposite ends thereof;
a superior face of the implant body having a first aperture and a third aperture;
an inferior face of the implant body having a second aperture and a fourth aperture;
a first throughopening defined by an interior surface extending between the first aperture at the superior face and the second aperture at the inferior face through the body and configured to receive fusion material therein;
a second throughopening defined by an interior surface extending between the third aperture at the superior face and the fourth aperture at the inferior face through the body and configured to receive fusion material therein;
cortical teeth located on at least one of the superior and inferior faces at the longitudinal end portions and having a first geometric shape with bone engaging ends for engaging outer cortical bone material of the vertebrae;
longitudinally central teeth located on at least one of the superior and inferior faces at an intermediate portion between the longitudinal end portions having cortical teeth, the intermediate portion extending along at least a portion of the first and second throughopenings, the longitudinally central teeth having a second geometric shape with bone engaging ends for engaging central bone material of the vertebrae, the first and second geometric shapes being different.
12. The intervertebral implant of claim 11 further comprising a first insertion tool attachment portion positioned adjacent one of the longitudinal ends having a thick body portion defining a first implant body end and a second tool attachment portion positioned adjacent the other longitudinal end having a thin body portion defining a second implant body end.
13. The intervertebral implant of claim 11 wherein the longitudinally central teeth bone engaging ends have a sharper configuration than the cortical teeth bone engaging ends.
14. The intervertebral implant of claim 11 wherein the cortical teeth are arranged in a first density per unit area and the central teeth are provided in a second density per unit area that is less than the first density.
15. The intervertebral implant of claim 11 wherein the cortical teeth are arranged in rows that are generally arcuate, radiating outwardly from the longitudinally central teeth.
US15/176,707 2011-10-07 2016-06-08 Intervertebral implant Active US9883949B2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/176,707 US9883949B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2016-06-08 Intervertebral implant
US15/886,164 US10182920B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2018-02-01 Intervertebral implant
US16/228,858 US10869767B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2018-12-21 Intervertebral implant
US17/128,996 US11654031B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2020-12-21 Intervertebral implant

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201161545030P 2011-10-07 2011-10-07
US13/648,086 US9132021B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2012-10-09 Intervertebral implant
US14/734,764 US9387092B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2015-06-09 Intervertebral implant
US15/176,707 US9883949B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2016-06-08 Intervertebral implant

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/734,764 Continuation US9387092B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2015-06-09 Intervertebral implant

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15/886,164 Continuation US10182920B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2018-02-01 Intervertebral implant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20160278934A1 US20160278934A1 (en) 2016-09-29
US9883949B2 true US9883949B2 (en) 2018-02-06

Family

ID=48042569

Family Applications (6)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/648,086 Active - Reinstated 2033-01-17 US9132021B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2012-10-09 Intervertebral implant
US14/734,764 Active US9387092B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2015-06-09 Intervertebral implant
US15/176,707 Active US9883949B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2016-06-08 Intervertebral implant
US15/886,164 Active US10182920B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2018-02-01 Intervertebral implant
US16/228,858 Active 2032-10-17 US10869767B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2018-12-21 Intervertebral implant
US17/128,996 Active 2033-05-08 US11654031B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2020-12-21 Intervertebral implant

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/648,086 Active - Reinstated 2033-01-17 US9132021B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2012-10-09 Intervertebral implant
US14/734,764 Active US9387092B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2015-06-09 Intervertebral implant

Family Applications After (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15/886,164 Active US10182920B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2018-02-01 Intervertebral implant
US16/228,858 Active 2032-10-17 US10869767B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2018-12-21 Intervertebral implant
US17/128,996 Active 2033-05-08 US11654031B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2020-12-21 Intervertebral implant

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (6) US9132021B2 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10869767B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2020-12-22 Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. Intervertebral implant
USD907771S1 (en) 2017-10-09 2021-01-12 Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. Intervertebral implant
US11147682B2 (en) 2017-09-08 2021-10-19 Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. Intervertebral implants, instruments, and methods

Families Citing this family (61)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9421109B2 (en) 2010-01-13 2016-08-23 Jcbd, Llc Systems and methods of fusing a sacroiliac joint
US9333090B2 (en) 2010-01-13 2016-05-10 Jcbd, Llc Systems for and methods of fusing a sacroiliac joint
EP3138533B1 (en) 2010-01-13 2021-12-01 Jcbd, Llc Sacroiliac joint fixation fusion system
US9381045B2 (en) 2010-01-13 2016-07-05 Jcbd, Llc Sacroiliac joint implant and sacroiliac joint instrument for fusing a sacroiliac joint
WO2012174485A1 (en) 2011-06-17 2012-12-20 Jcbd, Llc Sacroiliac joint implant system
WO2014015309A1 (en) 2012-07-20 2014-01-23 Jcbd, Llc Orthopedic anchoring system and methods
US8771354B2 (en) 2011-10-26 2014-07-08 George J. Picha Hard-tissue implant
US9220607B2 (en) * 2011-10-28 2015-12-29 Warsaw Oorthopedic, Inc. Pivotable interbody implant system
US9198769B2 (en) 2011-12-23 2015-12-01 Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. Bone anchor assembly, bone plate system, and method
US8900312B2 (en) 2013-03-12 2014-12-02 Spine Wave, Inc. Expandable interbody fusion device with graft chambers
US8828019B1 (en) 2013-03-13 2014-09-09 Spine Wave, Inc. Inserter for expanding an expandable interbody fusion device
WO2014146018A1 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Jcbd, Llc Systems and methods for fusing a sacroiliac joint and anchoring an orthopedic appliance
US10245087B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2019-04-02 Jcbd, Llc Systems and methods for fusing a sacroiliac joint and anchoring an orthopedic appliance
US9826986B2 (en) 2013-07-30 2017-11-28 Jcbd, Llc Systems for and methods of preparing a sacroiliac joint for fusion
US9717539B2 (en) 2013-07-30 2017-08-01 Jcbd, Llc Implants, systems, and methods for fusing a sacroiliac joint
US9700356B2 (en) 2013-07-30 2017-07-11 Jcbd, Llc Systems for and methods of fusing a sacroiliac joint
US11311312B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2022-04-26 Medtronic, Inc. Subcutaneous delivery tool
US20160095710A1 (en) * 2013-05-07 2016-04-07 Ceramtec Gmbh Implants comprising anchoring elements
US9295565B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2016-03-29 Spine Wave, Inc. Method of expanding an intradiscal space and providing an osteoconductive path during expansion
WO2015130604A1 (en) 2014-02-25 2015-09-03 Refai Technologies, Llc Spinal cage device, system, and methods of assembly and use
US20150250610A1 (en) * 2014-03-04 2015-09-10 DePuy Synthes Products, LLC Post-Operative Bone Grown Stimulant Introduction Method
US9078767B1 (en) 2014-03-06 2015-07-14 Spine Wave, Inc. Expandable spinal interbody fusion device
US11065132B2 (en) 2014-03-06 2021-07-20 Spine Wave, Inc. Method of expanding a space between opposing tissue surfaces
US9445921B2 (en) 2014-03-06 2016-09-20 Spine Wave, Inc. Device for expanding and supporting body tissue
US9439783B2 (en) 2014-03-06 2016-09-13 Spine Wave, Inc. Inserter for expanding body tissue
US9265623B2 (en) 2014-03-06 2016-02-23 Spine Wave, Inc. Method of expanding a spinal interbody fusion device
KR101632908B1 (en) * 2014-03-12 2016-07-01 주식회사 디오메디칼 Cage assembly for spine interbody fusion
US9801546B2 (en) 2014-05-27 2017-10-31 Jcbd, Llc Systems for and methods of diagnosing and treating a sacroiliac joint disorder
US9498351B2 (en) * 2014-06-04 2016-11-22 Spine Wave, Inc. Apparatus for locating the position of a spinal implant during surgery
US9649200B2 (en) * 2014-07-28 2017-05-16 Wasaw Orthopedic, Inc. Spinal implant system and method
US11090168B2 (en) * 2014-08-29 2021-08-17 Newsouth Innovations Pty Limited Fusion device
EP3393403A4 (en) * 2015-12-24 2020-03-04 NewSouth Innovations Pty Limited Devices for bone integration
US10426631B2 (en) * 2016-02-20 2019-10-01 Seth K. WILLIAMS System and method for spine fusion using an expandable cage
US10292834B2 (en) * 2016-06-27 2019-05-21 Globus Medical, Inc. Intervertebral spacer with chamfered edges
US10292825B2 (en) * 2016-06-27 2019-05-21 Globus Medical, Inc. Intervertebral spacer with chamfered edges
FR3061651A1 (en) * 2017-01-06 2018-07-13 Kisco International INTERSOMATIC IMPLANT WITH SIDE SUPPORT PORTIONS
WO2018165405A1 (en) * 2017-03-10 2018-09-13 Applied Medical Research, Inc. Spinal interbody cage comprising a bulk interbody cage, a top face, a bottom face, pillars, and slots
WO2018165400A1 (en) 2017-03-10 2018-09-13 Applied Medical Research, Inc. Hard-tissue implant comprising a bulk implant, a face, pillars, slots, and at least one support member
US10624760B2 (en) * 2017-05-22 2020-04-21 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Spinal implant system and method
US10603055B2 (en) 2017-09-15 2020-03-31 Jcbd, Llc Systems for and methods of preparing and fusing a sacroiliac joint
CN108056845A (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-05-22 深圳清华大学研究院 A kind of dypass lumbar intervertebral fusion device
US11806250B2 (en) 2018-02-22 2023-11-07 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Expandable spinal implant system and method of using same
AU2019226097A1 (en) 2018-02-22 2020-08-20 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Expandable spinal implant system and method of using same
AU2019226102A1 (en) 2018-02-22 2020-08-13 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Expandable spinal implant system and method of using same
WO2019199850A1 (en) 2018-04-10 2019-10-17 Gary A. Zwick, Trustee Of The Everest Trust Uta April 20, 2017 Spinal interbody cage comprising top and bottom faces with mesh structures, pillars and slots
FR3094203B1 (en) 2019-03-26 2021-03-05 Orthopaedic & Spine Dev Osd Interbody prosthesis with lateral introduction
USD955579S1 (en) 2019-04-26 2022-06-21 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Surgical implant
USD948048S1 (en) 2019-04-26 2022-04-05 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Surgical implant
WO2021050903A1 (en) 2019-09-11 2021-03-18 Gary A. Zwick, Trustee Of The Everest Trust Uta April 20, 2017 Implant comprising first and second sets of pillars for attaching a tendon or ligament to a hard tissue
IT202000014587A1 (en) * 2020-06-18 2021-12-18 Sps S R L INTERSOMATIC CAGE FOR VERTEBRAL STABILIZATION
US11617658B2 (en) 2020-11-05 2023-04-04 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Expandable inter-body device, system and method
US11395743B1 (en) 2021-05-04 2022-07-26 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Externally driven expandable interbody and related methods
US11638653B2 (en) 2020-11-05 2023-05-02 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Surgery instruments with a movable handle
US11517443B2 (en) 2020-11-05 2022-12-06 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Dual wedge expandable implant, system and method of use
US11291554B1 (en) 2021-05-03 2022-04-05 Medtronic, Inc. Unibody dual expanding interbody implant
US11833059B2 (en) 2020-11-05 2023-12-05 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Expandable inter-body device, expandable plate system, and associated methods
US11376134B1 (en) 2020-11-05 2022-07-05 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Dual expanding spinal implant, system, and method of use
US11285014B1 (en) 2020-11-05 2022-03-29 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Expandable inter-body device, system, and method
US11612499B2 (en) 2021-06-24 2023-03-28 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Expandable interbody implant
US11730608B2 (en) 2021-07-13 2023-08-22 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Monoblock expandable interbody implant
US11850163B2 (en) 2022-02-01 2023-12-26 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Interbody implant with adjusting shims

Citations (159)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4349921A (en) 1980-06-13 1982-09-21 Kuntz J David Intervertebral disc prosthesis
US4834757A (en) 1987-01-22 1989-05-30 Brantigan John W Prosthetic implant
US5314477A (en) 1990-03-07 1994-05-24 J.B.S. Limited Company Prosthesis for intervertebral discs and instruments for implanting it
US5370697A (en) 1992-04-21 1994-12-06 Sulzer Medizinaltechnik Ag Artificial intervertebral disk member
US5474558A (en) 1992-04-30 1995-12-12 Neubardt; Seth L. Procedure and system for spinal pedicle screw insertion
US5609635A (en) 1988-06-28 1997-03-11 Michelson; Gary K. Lordotic interbody spinal fusion implants
US5614205A (en) 1992-02-24 1997-03-25 Encelle, Inc. Bioartificial endocrine device
US5766252A (en) 1995-01-24 1998-06-16 Osteonics Corp. Interbody spinal prosthetic implant and method
US5772661A (en) 1988-06-13 1998-06-30 Michelson; Gary Karlin Methods and instrumentation for the surgical correction of human thoracic and lumbar spinal disease from the antero-lateral aspect of the spine
US5776199A (en) 1988-06-28 1998-07-07 Sofamor Danek Properties Artificial spinal fusion implants
US5797909A (en) 1988-06-13 1998-08-25 Michelson; Gary Karlin Apparatus for inserting spinal implants
US5824331A (en) 1992-02-24 1998-10-20 Encelle, Inc. Bioartificial devices and cellular matrices therefor
US5865845A (en) 1996-03-05 1999-02-02 Thalgott; John S. Prosthetic intervertebral disc
US5888227A (en) 1995-10-20 1999-03-30 Synthes (U.S.A.) Inter-vertebral implant
US5922339A (en) 1998-01-27 1999-07-13 Usala; Anton-Lewis Compositions and methods for biocompatible implants
US6013591A (en) 1997-01-16 2000-01-11 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Nanocrystalline apatites and composites, prostheses incorporating them, and method for their production
US6068974A (en) 1998-04-29 2000-05-30 Klann; Richard Chris Specific, highly sensitive, nested PCR detection scheme for the pseudorabies virus
WO2000038574A1 (en) 1998-12-23 2000-07-06 Nuvasive, Inc. Nerve surveillance cannulae systems
JP2000210316A (en) 1999-01-25 2000-08-02 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Rasp for intervertebral spacer
US6132465A (en) 1998-06-04 2000-10-17 Raymedica, Inc. Tapered prosthetic spinal disc nucleus
US6231881B1 (en) 1992-02-24 2001-05-15 Anton-Lewis Usala Medium and matrix for long-term proliferation of cells
WO2001037728A1 (en) 1999-11-24 2001-05-31 Nuvasive, Inc. Electromyography system
US6277149B1 (en) 1999-06-08 2001-08-21 Osteotech, Inc. Ramp-shaped intervertebral implant
EP1138285A1 (en) 2000-03-29 2001-10-04 Implant Design AG Spinal cage for insertion between the vertebraes of the spine
US20010047208A1 (en) 1999-12-08 2001-11-29 Michelson Gary K. Spinal implant surface configuration
US20010049560A1 (en) 1998-01-30 2001-12-06 Paul David C. Intervertebral allograft spacer
US6352707B1 (en) 1992-02-24 2002-03-05 Anton-Lewis Usala Transplant encapsulation in a hydrogel matrix to obscure immune recognition
WO2002038086A1 (en) 2000-11-07 2002-05-16 Medicrea Intervertebral cage and instrument for setting same between two vertebrae
US20020087212A1 (en) 2000-12-29 2002-07-04 James Stephen B. Spinal implant
US6458159B1 (en) 2000-08-15 2002-10-01 John S. Thalgott Disc prosthesis
US20020151894A1 (en) 1997-12-12 2002-10-17 Tony Melkent Image guided spinal surgery guide, system, and method for use thereof
US6482233B1 (en) 1998-01-29 2002-11-19 Synthes(U.S.A.) Prosthetic interbody spacer
FR2827157A1 (en) 2001-07-10 2003-01-17 Vitatech Intersomatic implant for stabilizing cervical vertebrae has main upper and lower faces with convex curvature in two directions
WO2003005887A2 (en) 2001-07-11 2003-01-23 Nuvasive, Inc. System and methods for determining nerve proximity, direction, and pathology during surgery
US20030083748A1 (en) 2001-10-30 2003-05-01 Lee Chong Suh Intervertebral fusion cage
US6582453B1 (en) * 2000-07-14 2003-06-24 Opus Medical, Inc. Method and apparatus for attaching connective tissues to bone using a suture anchoring device
US20030135275A1 (en) 2001-11-09 2003-07-17 Javier Garcia Instruments and methods for inserting a spinal implant
US20030181981A1 (en) 2000-05-11 2003-09-25 Jean-Philippe Lemaire Anterior lumbar interbody implant
US6676703B2 (en) 1999-02-25 2004-01-13 Depuy Acromed, Inc. Spinal fusion implant
US6719794B2 (en) 2001-05-03 2004-04-13 Synthes (U.S.A.) Intervertebral implant for transforaminal posterior lumbar interbody fusion procedure
US20040082999A1 (en) 2001-01-30 2004-04-29 Robert Mathys Bone implant, in particular, an inter-vertebral implant
US6746484B1 (en) 1997-08-26 2004-06-08 Society De Fabrication De Materiel De Orthopedique, S.A. Spinal implant
US20040127993A1 (en) 2002-10-16 2004-07-01 Erich Kast Spreader implant for placement between vertebrae
US20040127994A1 (en) 2002-10-16 2004-07-01 Erich Kast Implant for placement between vertebrae
US6790455B2 (en) 2001-09-14 2004-09-14 The Research Foundation At State University Of New York Cell delivery system comprising a fibrous matrix and cells
DE10309702A1 (en) 2003-03-06 2004-09-16 Fehling Instruments Gmbh Intervertebral disc prosthesis for the cervical spine
US6843805B2 (en) 1996-09-04 2005-01-18 Synthes (U.S.A.) Intervertebral implant
US20050031704A1 (en) 2003-08-06 2005-02-10 Angstrom Medica Tricalcium phosphates, their composites, implants incorporating them, and method for their production
US6872208B1 (en) 2000-10-06 2005-03-29 Spinal Concepts, Inc. Adjustable transverse connector
US20050071005A1 (en) 2003-09-30 2005-03-31 Olivier Carli Intersomatic lumbar implant
US6890355B2 (en) 2001-04-02 2005-05-10 Gary K. Michelson Artificial contoured spinal fusion implants made of a material other than bone
US20050118230A1 (en) 2003-10-22 2005-06-02 Encelle, Inc. Methods and compositions for regenerating connective tissue
US20050143822A1 (en) 2003-12-29 2005-06-30 Paul David C. Spinal fusion implant
US20050143820A1 (en) 2003-12-02 2005-06-30 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Method of laterally inserting an artificial vertebral disk replacement implant with translating pivot point
WO2005077307A1 (en) 2004-02-11 2005-08-25 Biomet Deutschland Gmbh Intervertebral implant
US6964687B1 (en) 1999-07-09 2005-11-15 Scient'x Anatomical interbody implant and gripper for same
US6974480B2 (en) 2001-05-03 2005-12-13 Synthes (Usa) Intervertebral implant for transforaminal posterior lumbar interbody fusion procedure
US6979353B2 (en) 2001-12-03 2005-12-27 Howmedica Osteonics Corp. Apparatus for fusing adjacent bone structures
US6991654B2 (en) 2002-10-21 2006-01-31 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Systems and techniques for restoring and maintaining intervertebral anatomy
US7018416B2 (en) 2000-07-06 2006-03-28 Zimmer Spine, Inc. Bone implants and methods
EP1698305A1 (en) 2005-09-06 2006-09-06 Orthopaedic & Spine Development Deformable intervertebral prosthesis
US20060217807A1 (en) 2005-03-28 2006-09-28 Peterman Marc M Spinal device including lateral approach
US7125425B2 (en) 2002-10-21 2006-10-24 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Systems and techniques for restoring and maintaining intervertebral anatomy
US20070027544A1 (en) 2005-07-28 2007-02-01 Altiva Corporation Spinal cage implant
US7217293B2 (en) 2003-11-21 2007-05-15 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Expandable spinal implant
US20070162138A1 (en) 2005-12-12 2007-07-12 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Vertebral implant and insertion tool
US7303583B1 (en) 1999-08-27 2007-12-04 Synthes (U.S.A.) Intervertebral implant
US20070293948A1 (en) 2001-12-12 2007-12-20 Vita Special Purpose Corporation Bioactive Spinal Implants and Method of Manufacture Thereof
US20070293949A1 (en) 2004-10-08 2007-12-20 Salerni Anthony A Interior connecting interbody cage insertional tools, methods and devices
US20080009945A1 (en) 2006-06-28 2008-01-10 Pacheco Hector O Apparatus and methods for templating and placement of artificial discs
US7326251B2 (en) 2003-04-01 2008-02-05 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Interbody fusion device
US20080065219A1 (en) 2006-09-08 2008-03-13 Justin Dye Offset radius lordosis
US20080154377A1 (en) 2006-12-22 2008-06-26 Voellmicke John C Composite vertebral spacers and instrument
US20080188940A1 (en) 2007-02-01 2008-08-07 Zimmer Spine, Inc. Spinal Implant
US20080200985A1 (en) 2007-02-19 2008-08-21 Zimmer Spine, Inc. Spinal implant
US20080208342A1 (en) 2007-02-27 2008-08-28 Zimmer Spine, Inc. Spinal implant
US20080221695A1 (en) 2007-03-01 2008-09-11 Jacofsky Marc C Spinal interbody spacer device
US20080234828A1 (en) 2007-03-19 2008-09-25 Aesculap Ag & Co. Kg Implant
US20080243252A1 (en) 2007-04-02 2008-10-02 Centra-Fuse, Inc. Spinal implant system
US20080288076A1 (en) 2006-09-27 2008-11-20 Teck Soo Spinal interbody spacer
US20080306598A1 (en) 2007-04-02 2008-12-11 Eric Hansen Spinal implant with biologic sponge
US7479160B2 (en) 1998-10-28 2009-01-20 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Interbody fusion grafts and instrumentation
US20090030519A1 (en) 2002-10-23 2009-01-29 Falahee Mark H Intervertebral cage designs
US20090062917A1 (en) 2007-08-27 2009-03-05 Foley Kevin T Spinal interbody replacement devices
US20090105825A1 (en) 2007-10-19 2009-04-23 Greg Foreman Fusion methods using autologous stem cells
US20090105824A1 (en) 2007-10-19 2009-04-23 Jones Robert J Spinal fusion device and associated methods
EP2085056A2 (en) 2006-04-28 2009-08-05 Concept Matrix, LLC Dual composition vertebral fixation device
US20090248163A1 (en) 2008-03-31 2009-10-01 King Emily E Spinal surgery interbody
US20090276049A1 (en) 2005-01-28 2009-11-05 Peter Weiland Implant for Transforaminal Intracorporeal Fusion
US20090299479A1 (en) 2007-10-19 2009-12-03 Jones Robert J Suture guided implant
US7641690B2 (en) 2004-08-23 2010-01-05 Abdou M Samy Bone fixation and fusion device
US7662186B2 (en) 2005-05-06 2010-02-16 Titan Spine, Llc Anterior interbody spinal implant
US20100070039A1 (en) 2008-09-16 2010-03-18 Jeffrey Allen Guyer Interbody spacer
US20100076559A1 (en) 2007-05-04 2010-03-25 Titan Spine, Llc Composite telescoping anterior interbody spinal implant
US20100191337A1 (en) 2006-03-08 2010-07-29 Seaspine, Inc. Interbody device for spinal applications
US20100204798A1 (en) 2005-10-21 2010-08-12 Stryker Spine System and method for fusion cage implantation
US7776095B2 (en) 2005-03-28 2010-08-17 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Spinal system and method including lateral approach
US20100228296A1 (en) 2009-03-04 2010-09-09 Robert Tod Vraney Implant for mammalian bony segment stabilization
US7824427B2 (en) 2007-01-16 2010-11-02 Perez-Cruet Miquelangelo J Minimally invasive interbody device
US7850736B2 (en) 2006-04-13 2010-12-14 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Vertebral fusion implants and methods of use
US7875080B2 (en) 2004-11-10 2011-01-25 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Intervertebral spacer
US20110045087A1 (en) 2008-02-01 2011-02-24 Synthes Gmbh Porous biocompatible polymer material and methods
US7901458B2 (en) 2005-12-16 2011-03-08 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Intervertebral spacer and insertion tool
US7918891B1 (en) 2004-03-29 2011-04-05 Nuvasive Inc. Systems and methods for spinal fusion
US20110106259A1 (en) 2009-11-05 2011-05-05 Synthes Usa, L.L.C. Self-Pivoting Spinal Implant and Associated Instrumentation
WO2011056172A1 (en) 2009-11-05 2011-05-12 Synthes Usa, Llc Self-pivoting spinal implant and associated instrumentation
US20110112642A1 (en) 2005-07-15 2011-05-12 Nuvasive, Inc. Spinal fusion implant and related methods
WO2011097905A1 (en) 2010-02-10 2011-08-18 上海微创骨科医疗科技有限公司 Intervertebral implant
US8002837B2 (en) 2006-05-19 2011-08-23 Pioneer Surgical Technology Spinal stabilization device and methods
US20110208309A1 (en) 2005-09-24 2011-08-25 Nuvasive Inc. Spinal Fusion Implant and Related Methods
US20110245923A1 (en) 2009-10-02 2011-10-06 John Cobb Intervertebral implant device for a posterior interbody fusion surgical procedure
US20110251689A1 (en) 2010-04-08 2011-10-13 Seifert Jody L Intervertebral Implant
US20110264218A1 (en) 2010-04-21 2011-10-27 Asaad Wagdy W Intervertebral body implant, instrument and method
US20110270402A1 (en) 1999-10-21 2011-11-03 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Devices and techniques for a posterior lateral disc space approach
US20110282454A1 (en) 2010-05-14 2011-11-17 Titan Spine, Llc Interbody Spinal Implant Having Internally Textured Surfaces
US20110301710A1 (en) 2010-06-02 2011-12-08 Steven Mather Intervertebral implant facilitating unilateral placement, instruments and methods
US20110313531A1 (en) 2003-06-24 2011-12-22 Synthes Usa, Llc Implant for intervertebral space
US8083799B2 (en) 2007-04-27 2011-12-27 Atlas Spine, Inc. Spinal implant
US20110319998A1 (en) 2010-06-24 2011-12-29 O'neil Michael J Universal Trial for Lateral Cages
US20120010717A1 (en) 2008-12-26 2012-01-12 Scott Spann Spinal implant for use during retroperitoneal lateral insertion procedures
WO2012008279A1 (en) 2010-07-14 2012-01-19 ナカシマメディカル株式会社 Intervertebral cage
WO2012010327A1 (en) 2010-07-23 2012-01-26 Privelop-Spine Ag Surgical implant
US8137402B2 (en) 2002-01-17 2012-03-20 Concept Matrix Llc Vertebral defect device
US20120071984A1 (en) 1988-06-13 2012-03-22 Michelson Gary K Method for inserting an artificial implant between two adjacent vertebrae along a coronal plane
US8142508B1 (en) 2007-07-02 2012-03-27 Theken Spine, Llc Spinal cage having deployable member which is removable
US20120083885A1 (en) 2010-09-30 2012-04-05 Stryker Spine Method of inserting surgical implant with guiding rail
US8172905B2 (en) 2007-04-27 2012-05-08 Atlas Spine, Inc. Spinal implant
US20120130494A1 (en) 2006-09-13 2012-05-24 Synthes Usa, Llc Allograft intervertebral implant and method of manufacturing the same
US8192356B2 (en) 2002-06-26 2012-06-05 Nuvasive, Inc. Surgical access system and related methods
US8192357B2 (en) 2002-10-08 2012-06-05 Nuvasive, Inc. Surgical access system and related methods
US20120158144A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-06-21 Ullrich Jr Peter F Implant with critical ratio of load bearing surface area to central opening area
US8216316B2 (en) 2008-12-17 2012-07-10 X-Spine Systems, Inc. Prosthetic implant with biplanar angulation and compound angles
US20120179261A1 (en) 2011-01-07 2012-07-12 K2M, Inc. Interbody spacer
US8241359B2 (en) 2006-02-15 2012-08-14 Ldr Medical Transforaminal intersomatic cage for an intervertebral fusion graft and an instrument for implanting the cage
US8262737B2 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-11 Titan Spine, Llc Composite interbody spinal implant having openings of predetermined size and shape
US20120232664A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-13 Titan Spine, Llc Instruments and interbody spinal implants enhancing disc space distraction
US20120239153A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-20 Titan Spine, Llc. Endplate-preserving spinal implant having a raised expulsion-resistant edge
US20120239154A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-20 Titan Spine, Llc Endplate-preserving spinal implant with an integration plate having durable connectors
US20120239151A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-20 Titan Spine, Llc Method of using instruments and interbody spinal implants to enhance distraction
US20120239152A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-20 Titan Spine, Llc Endplate-preserving spinal implant with an integration plate having a roughened surface topography
US20120239150A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-20 Titan Spine, Llc Friction Fit and Vertebral Endplate-Preserving Spinal Implant
US20120245694A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-27 Titan Spine, Llc Endplate-preserving spinal implant with an integration plate having durable connectors
US20120265307A1 (en) 2006-09-02 2012-10-18 Guyer Richard D Implantable Intervertebral Fusion Device
US20120265306A1 (en) 2011-04-14 2012-10-18 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Spinal implant with attachable bone securing componet
US20120277869A1 (en) 2011-04-29 2012-11-01 Medacta International Sa Intervertebral implant for the fusion between two vertebral bodies of a vertebral column and corresponding positioning instrument
US20120277870A1 (en) 2011-04-29 2012-11-01 Wolters Madeline C Spinal Interbody Implant With Bone Screw Retention
US20120277876A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-11-01 Titan Spine, Llc Spinal implant having a passage for enhancing contact between bone graft material and cortical endplate bone
US20120283838A1 (en) 2002-12-19 2012-11-08 Synthes Usa, Llc Intervertebral implant
US20120283834A1 (en) 2011-05-04 2012-11-08 Omni Surgical, L.P. d/b/a Spine 360 Intervertebral body fusion implant device
US8308805B2 (en) 2010-03-16 2012-11-13 Pinnacle Spine Group, Llc Methods of delivering an implant to an intervertebral space
US20120303128A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-11-29 Titan Spine, Llc Spinal implant and integration plate for optimizing vertebral endplate contact load-bearing edges
US20120303127A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-11-29 Titan Spine, Llc Implants having internal features for graft retention and load transfer between implant and vertebrae
US20120310354A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-12-06 Titan Spine, Llc Spinal implant having variable ratios of the integration surface area to the axial passage area
US20120316650A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-12-13 Titan Spine, Llc Implants having three distinct surfaces
US20120316653A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-12-13 Titan Spine, Llc Spinal implant having a transverse aperture
US20130006363A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2013-01-03 Titan Spine, Llc Implants with integration surfaces having regular repeating surface patterns
WO2013008111A1 (en) 2011-07-14 2013-01-17 Kamil Bal Fixation system for spinal cages
US20130018466A1 (en) 2011-07-14 2013-01-17 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Vertebral interbody spacer
US8700198B2 (en) * 2010-06-08 2014-04-15 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Implant components and methods

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH544236A (en) * 1970-01-26 1973-11-15 Bieri Hans Screw connection
FR2589092B1 (en) * 1985-10-28 1987-11-13 Escofier Tech Sa METHOD OF FORMING HELICOID NETS WITH NULL OR NEGATIVE TILT SIDE
US5192327A (en) * 1991-03-22 1993-03-09 Brantigan John W Surgical prosthetic implant for vertebrae
TW316844B (en) * 1994-12-09 1997-10-01 Sofamor Danek Group Inc
US5861041A (en) * 1997-04-07 1999-01-19 Arthit Sitiso Intervertebral disk prosthesis and method of making the same
US6159211A (en) * 1998-10-22 2000-12-12 Depuy Acromed, Inc. Stackable cage system for corpectomy/vertebrectomy
US6296665B1 (en) * 2000-03-20 2001-10-02 Electro-Biology, Inc. Method and apparatus for spinal fixation
US7309358B2 (en) * 2002-03-21 2007-12-18 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Vertebral body and disc space replacement devices
US8137386B2 (en) * 2003-08-28 2012-03-20 Jackson Roger P Polyaxial bone screw apparatus
US7041137B2 (en) * 2003-10-07 2006-05-09 Lanx, Llc Spinal implant
FR2917805B1 (en) * 2007-06-25 2009-09-04 Vallourec Mannesmann Oil & Gas ANTAGONIST THREADED THREADED COMPONENT ELEMENT AND CORRESPONDING TUBULAR THREADED SEAL
US9132021B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2015-09-15 Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. Intervertebral implant

Patent Citations (198)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4349921A (en) 1980-06-13 1982-09-21 Kuntz J David Intervertebral disc prosthesis
US4834757A (en) 1987-01-22 1989-05-30 Brantigan John W Prosthetic implant
US5772661A (en) 1988-06-13 1998-06-30 Michelson; Gary Karlin Methods and instrumentation for the surgical correction of human thoracic and lumbar spinal disease from the antero-lateral aspect of the spine
US20120071984A1 (en) 1988-06-13 2012-03-22 Michelson Gary K Method for inserting an artificial implant between two adjacent vertebrae along a coronal plane
US5797909A (en) 1988-06-13 1998-08-25 Michelson; Gary Karlin Apparatus for inserting spinal implants
US5609635A (en) 1988-06-28 1997-03-11 Michelson; Gary K. Lordotic interbody spinal fusion implants
US6733535B2 (en) 1988-06-28 2004-05-11 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Spinal fusion implant having a trailing end adapted to engage an insertion device
US20030135279A1 (en) 1988-06-28 2003-07-17 Sofamor Danek Group, Inc. Artificial spinal fusion implants
US5776199A (en) 1988-06-28 1998-07-07 Sofamor Danek Properties Artificial spinal fusion implants
US6478823B1 (en) 1988-06-28 2002-11-12 Sofamor Danek Holdings, Inc. Artificial spinal fusion implants
US5314477A (en) 1990-03-07 1994-05-24 J.B.S. Limited Company Prosthesis for intervertebral discs and instruments for implanting it
US6713079B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2004-03-30 Encelle, Inc. Methods for increasing vascularization and promoting wound healing
US5824331A (en) 1992-02-24 1998-10-20 Encelle, Inc. Bioartificial devices and cellular matrices therefor
US5614205A (en) 1992-02-24 1997-03-25 Encelle, Inc. Bioartificial endocrine device
US6315994B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2001-11-13 Anton-Lewis Usala Medium and matrix for long-term proliferation of cells
US6730315B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2004-05-04 Encelle, Inc. Medium and matrix for long-term proliferation of cells
US6352707B1 (en) 1992-02-24 2002-03-05 Anton-Lewis Usala Transplant encapsulation in a hydrogel matrix to obscure immune recognition
US6231881B1 (en) 1992-02-24 2001-05-15 Anton-Lewis Usala Medium and matrix for long-term proliferation of cells
US5370697A (en) 1992-04-21 1994-12-06 Sulzer Medizinaltechnik Ag Artificial intervertebral disk member
US5474558A (en) 1992-04-30 1995-12-12 Neubardt; Seth L. Procedure and system for spinal pedicle screw insertion
US5766252A (en) 1995-01-24 1998-06-16 Osteonics Corp. Interbody spinal prosthetic implant and method
US20020091390A1 (en) 1995-02-27 2002-07-11 Michelson Gary Karlin Methods and instrumentation for the surgical correction of human thoracic and lumbar spinal disease from the lateral aspect of the spine
US20030040798A1 (en) 1995-06-07 2003-02-27 Michelson Gary Karlin Lordotic interbody spinal fusion implants
US5888227A (en) 1995-10-20 1999-03-30 Synthes (U.S.A.) Inter-vertebral implant
US5865845A (en) 1996-03-05 1999-02-02 Thalgott; John S. Prosthetic intervertebral disc
US6843805B2 (en) 1996-09-04 2005-01-18 Synthes (U.S.A.) Intervertebral implant
US6013591A (en) 1997-01-16 2000-01-11 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Nanocrystalline apatites and composites, prostheses incorporating them, and method for their production
USRE39196E1 (en) 1997-01-16 2006-07-18 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Nanocrystalline apatites and composites, prostheses incorporating them, and method for their production
US6746484B1 (en) 1997-08-26 2004-06-08 Society De Fabrication De Materiel De Orthopedique, S.A. Spinal implant
US20020151894A1 (en) 1997-12-12 2002-10-17 Tony Melkent Image guided spinal surgery guide, system, and method for use thereof
US5922339A (en) 1998-01-27 1999-07-13 Usala; Anton-Lewis Compositions and methods for biocompatible implants
US6482233B1 (en) 1998-01-29 2002-11-19 Synthes(U.S.A.) Prosthetic interbody spacer
US20010049560A1 (en) 1998-01-30 2001-12-06 Paul David C. Intervertebral allograft spacer
US6068974A (en) 1998-04-29 2000-05-30 Klann; Richard Chris Specific, highly sensitive, nested PCR detection scheme for the pseudorabies virus
US6270977B1 (en) 1998-04-29 2001-08-07 Encelle, Inc. Specific, highly sensitive, nested PCR detection scheme for the pseudorabies virus
US6132465A (en) 1998-06-04 2000-10-17 Raymedica, Inc. Tapered prosthetic spinal disc nucleus
US6261587B1 (en) 1998-07-10 2001-07-17 Anton-Lewis Usala Methods for increasing vascularization and promoting wound healing
US7479160B2 (en) 1998-10-28 2009-01-20 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Interbody fusion grafts and instrumentation
WO2000038574A1 (en) 1998-12-23 2000-07-06 Nuvasive, Inc. Nerve surveillance cannulae systems
JP2000210316A (en) 1999-01-25 2000-08-02 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Rasp for intervertebral spacer
US6676703B2 (en) 1999-02-25 2004-01-13 Depuy Acromed, Inc. Spinal fusion implant
US6277149B1 (en) 1999-06-08 2001-08-21 Osteotech, Inc. Ramp-shaped intervertebral implant
US6530955B2 (en) 1999-06-08 2003-03-11 Osteotech, Inc. Ramp-shaped intervertebral implant
US6964687B1 (en) 1999-07-09 2005-11-15 Scient'x Anatomical interbody implant and gripper for same
US7303583B1 (en) 1999-08-27 2007-12-04 Synthes (U.S.A.) Intervertebral implant
US20110270402A1 (en) 1999-10-21 2011-11-03 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Devices and techniques for a posterior lateral disc space approach
WO2001037728A1 (en) 1999-11-24 2001-05-31 Nuvasive, Inc. Electromyography system
US20020013624A1 (en) 1999-12-08 2002-01-31 Michelson Gary K. Spinal implant surface configuration
US6827740B1 (en) * 1999-12-08 2004-12-07 Gary K. Michelson Spinal implant surface configuration
US20010047208A1 (en) 1999-12-08 2001-11-29 Michelson Gary K. Spinal implant surface configuration
US20040117018A1 (en) 1999-12-08 2004-06-17 Michelson Gary K. Spinal implant surface configuration with a projection having a back cut
EP1138285A1 (en) 2000-03-29 2001-10-04 Implant Design AG Spinal cage for insertion between the vertebraes of the spine
US20030181981A1 (en) 2000-05-11 2003-09-25 Jean-Philippe Lemaire Anterior lumbar interbody implant
US7018416B2 (en) 2000-07-06 2006-03-28 Zimmer Spine, Inc. Bone implants and methods
US6582453B1 (en) * 2000-07-14 2003-06-24 Opus Medical, Inc. Method and apparatus for attaching connective tissues to bone using a suture anchoring device
US6458159B1 (en) 2000-08-15 2002-10-01 John S. Thalgott Disc prosthesis
US6872208B1 (en) 2000-10-06 2005-03-29 Spinal Concepts, Inc. Adjustable transverse connector
WO2002038086A1 (en) 2000-11-07 2002-05-16 Medicrea Intervertebral cage and instrument for setting same between two vertebrae
US20020087212A1 (en) 2000-12-29 2002-07-04 James Stephen B. Spinal implant
US6520993B2 (en) 2000-12-29 2003-02-18 Depuy Acromed, Inc. Spinal implant
US20040082999A1 (en) 2001-01-30 2004-04-29 Robert Mathys Bone implant, in particular, an inter-vertebral implant
US20060167549A1 (en) 2001-01-30 2006-07-27 Synthes Ag Chur And Synthes (Usa) Bone implant, in particular, an inter-vertebral implant
US7044972B2 (en) 2001-01-30 2006-05-16 Synthes Ag Chur Bone implant, in particular, an inter-vertebral implant
US6890355B2 (en) 2001-04-02 2005-05-10 Gary K. Michelson Artificial contoured spinal fusion implants made of a material other than bone
US6719794B2 (en) 2001-05-03 2004-04-13 Synthes (U.S.A.) Intervertebral implant for transforaminal posterior lumbar interbody fusion procedure
US6974480B2 (en) 2001-05-03 2005-12-13 Synthes (Usa) Intervertebral implant for transforaminal posterior lumbar interbody fusion procedure
FR2827157A1 (en) 2001-07-10 2003-01-17 Vitatech Intersomatic implant for stabilizing cervical vertebrae has main upper and lower faces with convex curvature in two directions
WO2003005887A2 (en) 2001-07-11 2003-01-23 Nuvasive, Inc. System and methods for determining nerve proximity, direction, and pathology during surgery
US6790455B2 (en) 2001-09-14 2004-09-14 The Research Foundation At State University Of New York Cell delivery system comprising a fibrous matrix and cells
US20030083748A1 (en) 2001-10-30 2003-05-01 Lee Chong Suh Intervertebral fusion cage
US20030135275A1 (en) 2001-11-09 2003-07-17 Javier Garcia Instruments and methods for inserting a spinal implant
US20080195209A1 (en) 2001-11-09 2008-08-14 Javier Garcia Spinal implant
US20030139812A1 (en) 2001-11-09 2003-07-24 Javier Garcia Spinal implant
US6979353B2 (en) 2001-12-03 2005-12-27 Howmedica Osteonics Corp. Apparatus for fusing adjacent bone structures
US20070293948A1 (en) 2001-12-12 2007-12-20 Vita Special Purpose Corporation Bioactive Spinal Implants and Method of Manufacture Thereof
US8137402B2 (en) 2002-01-17 2012-03-20 Concept Matrix Llc Vertebral defect device
US8192356B2 (en) 2002-06-26 2012-06-05 Nuvasive, Inc. Surgical access system and related methods
US8192357B2 (en) 2002-10-08 2012-06-05 Nuvasive, Inc. Surgical access system and related methods
US20040127994A1 (en) 2002-10-16 2004-07-01 Erich Kast Implant for placement between vertebrae
US20040127993A1 (en) 2002-10-16 2004-07-01 Erich Kast Spreader implant for placement between vertebrae
US7063725B2 (en) 2002-10-21 2006-06-20 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Systems and techniques for restoring and maintaining intervertebral anatomy
US7125425B2 (en) 2002-10-21 2006-10-24 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Systems and techniques for restoring and maintaining intervertebral anatomy
US6991654B2 (en) 2002-10-21 2006-01-31 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Systems and techniques for restoring and maintaining intervertebral anatomy
US20090030519A1 (en) 2002-10-23 2009-01-29 Falahee Mark H Intervertebral cage designs
US20120283838A1 (en) 2002-12-19 2012-11-08 Synthes Usa, Llc Intervertebral implant
DE10309702A1 (en) 2003-03-06 2004-09-16 Fehling Instruments Gmbh Intervertebral disc prosthesis for the cervical spine
US7326251B2 (en) 2003-04-01 2008-02-05 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Interbody fusion device
US7951203B2 (en) 2003-04-01 2011-05-31 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Interbody fusion device
US20110313531A1 (en) 2003-06-24 2011-12-22 Synthes Usa, Llc Implant for intervertebral space
US20050031704A1 (en) 2003-08-06 2005-02-10 Angstrom Medica Tricalcium phosphates, their composites, implants incorporating them, and method for their production
US20050071005A1 (en) 2003-09-30 2005-03-31 Olivier Carli Intersomatic lumbar implant
US20050118230A1 (en) 2003-10-22 2005-06-02 Encelle, Inc. Methods and compositions for regenerating connective tissue
US7217293B2 (en) 2003-11-21 2007-05-15 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Expandable spinal implant
US20050143820A1 (en) 2003-12-02 2005-06-30 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Method of laterally inserting an artificial vertebral disk replacement implant with translating pivot point
US20050143822A1 (en) 2003-12-29 2005-06-30 Paul David C. Spinal fusion implant
WO2005077307A1 (en) 2004-02-11 2005-08-25 Biomet Deutschland Gmbh Intervertebral implant
US20120029641A1 (en) 2004-03-29 2012-02-02 Matthew Curran System and Methods for Spinal Fusion
US8187334B2 (en) 2004-03-29 2012-05-29 Nuvasive, Inc. System and methods for spinal fusion
US7918891B1 (en) 2004-03-29 2011-04-05 Nuvasive Inc. Systems and methods for spinal fusion
US8361156B2 (en) 2004-03-29 2013-01-29 Nuvasive, Inc. Systems and methods for spinal fusion
US7641690B2 (en) 2004-08-23 2010-01-05 Abdou M Samy Bone fixation and fusion device
US20070293949A1 (en) 2004-10-08 2007-12-20 Salerni Anthony A Interior connecting interbody cage insertional tools, methods and devices
US20110093078A1 (en) 2004-11-10 2011-04-21 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Intervertebral Spacer
US7875080B2 (en) 2004-11-10 2011-01-25 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Intervertebral spacer
US20090276049A1 (en) 2005-01-28 2009-11-05 Peter Weiland Implant for Transforaminal Intracorporeal Fusion
US7988734B2 (en) 2005-03-28 2011-08-02 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Spinal system and method including lateral approach
US20110295372A1 (en) 2005-03-28 2011-12-01 Peterman Marc M Spinal system and method including lateral approach
US7776095B2 (en) 2005-03-28 2010-08-17 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Spinal system and method including lateral approach
US7763078B2 (en) 2005-03-28 2010-07-27 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Spinal device including lateral approach
US20060217807A1 (en) 2005-03-28 2006-09-28 Peterman Marc M Spinal device including lateral approach
US20120310354A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-12-06 Titan Spine, Llc Spinal implant having variable ratios of the integration surface area to the axial passage area
US20120303128A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-11-29 Titan Spine, Llc Spinal implant and integration plate for optimizing vertebral endplate contact load-bearing edges
US7662186B2 (en) 2005-05-06 2010-02-16 Titan Spine, Llc Anterior interbody spinal implant
US20120303129A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-11-29 Titan Spine, Llc Composite interbody spinal implant having openings of predetermined size and shape
US20120239154A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-20 Titan Spine, Llc Endplate-preserving spinal implant with an integration plate having durable connectors
US20120239151A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-20 Titan Spine, Llc Method of using instruments and interbody spinal implants to enhance distraction
US20120239152A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-20 Titan Spine, Llc Endplate-preserving spinal implant with an integration plate having a roughened surface topography
US20120239150A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-20 Titan Spine, Llc Friction Fit and Vertebral Endplate-Preserving Spinal Implant
US20120316650A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-12-13 Titan Spine, Llc Implants having three distinct surfaces
US20120277876A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-11-01 Titan Spine, Llc Spinal implant having a passage for enhancing contact between bone graft material and cortical endplate bone
US20120158144A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-06-21 Ullrich Jr Peter F Implant with critical ratio of load bearing surface area to central opening area
US20120245694A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-27 Titan Spine, Llc Endplate-preserving spinal implant with an integration plate having durable connectors
US20120303127A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-11-29 Titan Spine, Llc Implants having internal features for graft retention and load transfer between implant and vertebrae
US20120316653A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-12-13 Titan Spine, Llc Spinal implant having a transverse aperture
US20130006363A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2013-01-03 Titan Spine, Llc Implants with integration surfaces having regular repeating surface patterns
US20120239153A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-20 Titan Spine, Llc. Endplate-preserving spinal implant having a raised expulsion-resistant edge
US8262737B2 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-11 Titan Spine, Llc Composite interbody spinal implant having openings of predetermined size and shape
US20120232664A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2012-09-13 Titan Spine, Llc Instruments and interbody spinal implants enhancing disc space distraction
US20110112642A1 (en) 2005-07-15 2011-05-12 Nuvasive, Inc. Spinal fusion implant and related methods
US20070027544A1 (en) 2005-07-28 2007-02-01 Altiva Corporation Spinal cage implant
EP1698305A1 (en) 2005-09-06 2006-09-06 Orthopaedic & Spine Development Deformable intervertebral prosthesis
US20110208309A1 (en) 2005-09-24 2011-08-25 Nuvasive Inc. Spinal Fusion Implant and Related Methods
US20100204798A1 (en) 2005-10-21 2010-08-12 Stryker Spine System and method for fusion cage implantation
US20070162138A1 (en) 2005-12-12 2007-07-12 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Vertebral implant and insertion tool
US7901458B2 (en) 2005-12-16 2011-03-08 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Intervertebral spacer and insertion tool
US8241359B2 (en) 2006-02-15 2012-08-14 Ldr Medical Transforaminal intersomatic cage for an intervertebral fusion graft and an instrument for implanting the cage
US20100191337A1 (en) 2006-03-08 2010-07-29 Seaspine, Inc. Interbody device for spinal applications
US7850736B2 (en) 2006-04-13 2010-12-14 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Vertebral fusion implants and methods of use
EP2085056A2 (en) 2006-04-28 2009-08-05 Concept Matrix, LLC Dual composition vertebral fixation device
US8002837B2 (en) 2006-05-19 2011-08-23 Pioneer Surgical Technology Spinal stabilization device and methods
US20080009945A1 (en) 2006-06-28 2008-01-10 Pacheco Hector O Apparatus and methods for templating and placement of artificial discs
US20120265307A1 (en) 2006-09-02 2012-10-18 Guyer Richard D Implantable Intervertebral Fusion Device
US20080065219A1 (en) 2006-09-08 2008-03-13 Justin Dye Offset radius lordosis
US20120130494A1 (en) 2006-09-13 2012-05-24 Synthes Usa, Llc Allograft intervertebral implant and method of manufacturing the same
US20130030534A1 (en) 2006-09-13 2013-01-31 Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation Allograft intervertebral implant and method of manufacturing the same
US20080288076A1 (en) 2006-09-27 2008-11-20 Teck Soo Spinal interbody spacer
US20080154377A1 (en) 2006-12-22 2008-06-26 Voellmicke John C Composite vertebral spacers and instrument
US7846210B2 (en) 2007-01-16 2010-12-07 Perez-Cruet Miguelangelo J Minimally invasive interbody device assembly
US7824427B2 (en) 2007-01-16 2010-11-02 Perez-Cruet Miquelangelo J Minimally invasive interbody device
US20080188940A1 (en) 2007-02-01 2008-08-07 Zimmer Spine, Inc. Spinal Implant
US20080200985A1 (en) 2007-02-19 2008-08-21 Zimmer Spine, Inc. Spinal implant
US20120303123A1 (en) 2007-02-19 2012-11-29 Zimmer Spine, Inc. Spinal implant
US20080208342A1 (en) 2007-02-27 2008-08-28 Zimmer Spine, Inc. Spinal implant
US20080221695A1 (en) 2007-03-01 2008-09-11 Jacofsky Marc C Spinal interbody spacer device
US20080234828A1 (en) 2007-03-19 2008-09-25 Aesculap Ag & Co. Kg Implant
US20080243252A1 (en) 2007-04-02 2008-10-02 Centra-Fuse, Inc. Spinal implant system
US20080306598A1 (en) 2007-04-02 2008-12-11 Eric Hansen Spinal implant with biologic sponge
US8083799B2 (en) 2007-04-27 2011-12-27 Atlas Spine, Inc. Spinal implant
US8172905B2 (en) 2007-04-27 2012-05-08 Atlas Spine, Inc. Spinal implant
US20100076559A1 (en) 2007-05-04 2010-03-25 Titan Spine, Llc Composite telescoping anterior interbody spinal implant
US8142508B1 (en) 2007-07-02 2012-03-27 Theken Spine, Llc Spinal cage having deployable member which is removable
US20090062917A1 (en) 2007-08-27 2009-03-05 Foley Kevin T Spinal interbody replacement devices
US20090299479A1 (en) 2007-10-19 2009-12-03 Jones Robert J Suture guided implant
US20090105825A1 (en) 2007-10-19 2009-04-23 Greg Foreman Fusion methods using autologous stem cells
US20090105824A1 (en) 2007-10-19 2009-04-23 Jones Robert J Spinal fusion device and associated methods
US20110045087A1 (en) 2008-02-01 2011-02-24 Synthes Gmbh Porous biocompatible polymer material and methods
US20090248163A1 (en) 2008-03-31 2009-10-01 King Emily E Spinal surgery interbody
US20100070039A1 (en) 2008-09-16 2010-03-18 Jeffrey Allen Guyer Interbody spacer
US8216316B2 (en) 2008-12-17 2012-07-10 X-Spine Systems, Inc. Prosthetic implant with biplanar angulation and compound angles
US20120290091A1 (en) 2008-12-17 2012-11-15 X-Spine Systems, Inc. Prosthetic implant with biplanar angulation and compound angles
US20120010715A1 (en) 2008-12-26 2012-01-12 Scott Spann Method of retroperitoneal lateral insertion of spinal implants
US20120010717A1 (en) 2008-12-26 2012-01-12 Scott Spann Spinal implant for use during retroperitoneal lateral insertion procedures
US20120035730A1 (en) 2008-12-26 2012-02-09 Scott Spann Minimally-invasive retroperitoneal lateral approach for spinal surgery
US20100228296A1 (en) 2009-03-04 2010-09-09 Robert Tod Vraney Implant for mammalian bony segment stabilization
US20110245923A1 (en) 2009-10-02 2011-10-06 John Cobb Intervertebral implant device for a posterior interbody fusion surgical procedure
WO2011056172A1 (en) 2009-11-05 2011-05-12 Synthes Usa, Llc Self-pivoting spinal implant and associated instrumentation
US20110106259A1 (en) 2009-11-05 2011-05-05 Synthes Usa, L.L.C. Self-Pivoting Spinal Implant and Associated Instrumentation
WO2011097905A1 (en) 2010-02-10 2011-08-18 上海微创骨科医疗科技有限公司 Intervertebral implant
US8308805B2 (en) 2010-03-16 2012-11-13 Pinnacle Spine Group, Llc Methods of delivering an implant to an intervertebral space
US8343224B2 (en) 2010-03-16 2013-01-01 Pinnacle Spine Group, Llc Intervertebral implants and graft delivery systems and methods
US20110251689A1 (en) 2010-04-08 2011-10-13 Seifert Jody L Intervertebral Implant
US20110264218A1 (en) 2010-04-21 2011-10-27 Asaad Wagdy W Intervertebral body implant, instrument and method
US20110282454A1 (en) 2010-05-14 2011-11-17 Titan Spine, Llc Interbody Spinal Implant Having Internally Textured Surfaces
US20120265311A1 (en) 2010-06-02 2012-10-18 Mather Steven E Intervertebral Implant Facilitating Unilateral Placement, Instruments and Methods
US20110301710A1 (en) 2010-06-02 2011-12-08 Steven Mather Intervertebral implant facilitating unilateral placement, instruments and methods
US8700198B2 (en) * 2010-06-08 2014-04-15 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Implant components and methods
US20110319998A1 (en) 2010-06-24 2011-12-29 O'neil Michael J Universal Trial for Lateral Cages
US20110320000A1 (en) 2010-06-24 2011-12-29 O'neil Michael J Multi-Segment Lateral Cage Adapted to Flex Substantially in the Coronal Plane
WO2012008279A1 (en) 2010-07-14 2012-01-19 ナカシマメディカル株式会社 Intervertebral cage
WO2012010327A1 (en) 2010-07-23 2012-01-26 Privelop-Spine Ag Surgical implant
US20120083885A1 (en) 2010-09-30 2012-04-05 Stryker Spine Method of inserting surgical implant with guiding rail
US20120179261A1 (en) 2011-01-07 2012-07-12 K2M, Inc. Interbody spacer
US20120265306A1 (en) 2011-04-14 2012-10-18 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Spinal implant with attachable bone securing componet
US20120277869A1 (en) 2011-04-29 2012-11-01 Medacta International Sa Intervertebral implant for the fusion between two vertebral bodies of a vertebral column and corresponding positioning instrument
US20120277870A1 (en) 2011-04-29 2012-11-01 Wolters Madeline C Spinal Interbody Implant With Bone Screw Retention
US20120283834A1 (en) 2011-05-04 2012-11-08 Omni Surgical, L.P. d/b/a Spine 360 Intervertebral body fusion implant device
WO2013008111A1 (en) 2011-07-14 2013-01-17 Kamil Bal Fixation system for spinal cages
US20130018466A1 (en) 2011-07-14 2013-01-17 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Vertebral interbody spacer

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Medtronic Sofamor Danek, Union/Union L, Anterior & Lateral Impacted Fusion Devices, Clear Choice of Stabilization, (25 pages).

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10869767B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2020-12-22 Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. Intervertebral implant
US11654031B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2023-05-23 Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. Intervertebral implant
US11147682B2 (en) 2017-09-08 2021-10-19 Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. Intervertebral implants, instruments, and methods
USD907771S1 (en) 2017-10-09 2021-01-12 Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. Intervertebral implant
USD968613S1 (en) 2017-10-09 2022-11-01 Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. Intervertebral implant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9387092B2 (en) 2016-07-12
US10869767B2 (en) 2020-12-22
US20130090735A1 (en) 2013-04-11
US11654031B2 (en) 2023-05-23
US10182920B2 (en) 2019-01-22
US9132021B2 (en) 2015-09-15
US20190125544A1 (en) 2019-05-02
US20150265414A1 (en) 2015-09-24
US20210106430A1 (en) 2021-04-15
US20160278934A1 (en) 2016-09-29
US20180153704A1 (en) 2018-06-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11654031B2 (en) Intervertebral implant
US20220273459A1 (en) Method and spacer device for spanning a space formed upon removal of an intervertebral disc
US8591589B2 (en) Interbody fusion device
US9504584B1 (en) Spinal fusion implant and related methods
US8002837B2 (en) Spinal stabilization device and methods
US6520993B2 (en) Spinal implant
US20090164020A1 (en) Device for Securing an Implant to Tissue
US20120158143A1 (en) ALIF Spinal Cage
US20130226301A1 (en) Apparatus, systems, and methods for achieving trans-iliac lumbar fusion
US20060241760A1 (en) Spinal implant
US20070239278A1 (en) Intervertebral prosthetic devices and methods
JP2010508127A (en) Intervertebral joint implant sizing tool
US20140379085A1 (en) Reverse cage intervertebral fusion implants
US20080243252A1 (en) Spinal implant system
US11583327B2 (en) Minimally invasive interbody fusion

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC., MICHIGAN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MERMUYS, DANIEL RYAN;PERROW, SCOTT J.;SCHOPLER, STEVEN A.;SIGNING DATES FROM 20130121 TO 20130327;REEL/FRAME:038845/0990

STCF Information on status: patent grant

Free format text: PATENTED CASE

AS Assignment

Owner name: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, ILLINOIS

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:RTI SURGICAL, INC.;PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC.;TUTOGEN MEDICAL, INC.;REEL/FRAME:046303/0926

Effective date: 20180605

Owner name: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS THE ADMINISTRATIVE A

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:RTI SURGICAL, INC.;PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC.;TUTOGEN MEDICAL, INC.;REEL/FRAME:046303/0926

Effective date: 20180605

AS Assignment

Owner name: ARES CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT,

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:RTI SURGICAL, INC.;PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC.;TUTOGEN MEDICAL, INC.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:048543/0505

Effective date: 20190308

Owner name: ARES CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, NEW YORK

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:RTI SURGICAL, INC.;PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC.;TUTOGEN MEDICAL, INC.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:048543/0505

Effective date: 20190308

AS Assignment

Owner name: PARADIGM SPINE, LLC, NEW YORK

Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:ARES CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS AGENT;REEL/FRAME:053257/0652

Effective date: 20200720

Owner name: PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC., FLORIDA

Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:ARES CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS AGENT;REEL/FRAME:053257/0652

Effective date: 20200720

Owner name: TUTOGEN MEDICAL, INC., FLORIDA

Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:ARES CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS AGENT;REEL/FRAME:053257/0652

Effective date: 20200720

Owner name: RTI SURGICAL, INC., FLORIDA

Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:ARES CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS AGENT;REEL/FRAME:053257/0652

Effective date: 20200720

Owner name: FOURTH DIMENSION SPINE, LLC, NEW YORK

Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:ARES CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS AGENT;REEL/FRAME:053257/0652

Effective date: 20200720

AS Assignment

Owner name: TUTOGEN MEDICAL, INC., FLORIDA

Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT;REEL/FRAME:053260/0398

Effective date: 20200720

Owner name: PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC., FLORIDA

Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT;REEL/FRAME:053260/0398

Effective date: 20200720

Owner name: RTI SURGICAL, INC., FLORIDA

Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT;REEL/FRAME:053260/0398

Effective date: 20200720

MAFP Maintenance fee payment

Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 4TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1551); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

Year of fee payment: 4

AS Assignment

Owner name: XTANT MEDICAL HOLDINGS, INC., MONTANA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY NEWCO, INC.;REEL/FRAME:065218/0590

Effective date: 20230810

AS Assignment

Owner name: PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY NEWCO, INC., TEXAS

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:PIONEER SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY, INC.;REEL/FRAME:065287/0641

Effective date: 20230614

AS Assignment

Owner name: MIDCAP FUNDING IV TRUST, MARYLAND

Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT SUPPLEMENT (REVOLVING);ASSIGNORS:XTANT MEDICAL HOLDINGS, INC.;XTANT MEDICAL, INC.;BACTERIN INTERNATIONAL, INC.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:066095/0652

Effective date: 20231218

Owner name: MIDCAP FINANCIAL TRUST, MARYLAND

Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT SUPPLEMENT (TERM);ASSIGNORS:XTANT MEDICAL HOLDINGS, INC.;XTANT MEDICAL, INC.;BACTERIN INTERNATIONAL, INC.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:066095/0635

Effective date: 20231218