US988254A - Method of making matches. - Google Patents

Description

J. A. E. ORISWELL. METHOD OF MAKING MATCHES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. a, 1908.

Patented Mar. 28, 1911.

i uiwuz J. A, E, CRISWELL. METHOD OF MAKING MATCHES. APPLICATION FILED SEPT.3.1908.

Patented Mar. 28, 1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2 J. A. E. GRISWELL. METHOD OF MAKING MATGHES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. a, 1908.

Fatented Mar. 28, 191

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

J. A. E. CRISWELLQ METHOD OF MAKING MATCHES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. s. 1908.

988,254, Patented Mar. 28 1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

011 a my JAMES A. EKIN GRISVVELL, OF NEW YORK, IN". Y.

METHOD or MAKING MATCHES.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented 3131', 28, 1911,

Applicatioafiled September 3, 1908. Serial No. 451,515.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J inns A. EKIN CarswnLL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, borough of Brooklyn, countyof Kings, and State of New York, have i'ntonted certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Making Matches, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to matches and the method of making match splints, and more particularly to forming round splints from material a part or whole of which is in a plastic or semi-elastic state.

The primary bbject of the invention is to provide a system int which material ordinarily going to waste'or used for other purposes may be utilized to make matches.

Other objects are to provide a system in which there is a large output of splints with a minimum of waste and in ivhich finished splints of various shapes may be produced and which may be of one or a series of colors as desired, and to providea systen'i in which the splints may be made of a uniform quality and with suflicient rigidity and strength to materially reduce their liability to break while using, and at the same time produce splints that will ignite and burn properly.

A further object of the invention is to provide composite matches in each of which there will be a strengthening body and which will be attractive in appearance.

The invention will be hereinafter more particularly described with reference to the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification, and will then be pointed out in the claims at the end of the description. 1

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation, partly in section and partly diagrammatic, of one means for carrying the invention into practice. Fig. 1 is a plan view of one set of rolls which may be utilized in carrying out my method. Fig. 2 is an enlarged elevation, partly in section and partly diagrammatic, of part of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary elevation of one form of device for forming the material into splints. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of one form of machine for making one or more of the outer layers. Figs. 4 and 5 are diagrammatic views showing how various layers and kinds of layers may be united. Fig/6 is an end View of still another form of series of layers. F 1g. 7 shows the layers in Fig. 6 after being formed or partly formed into splints; Fig.

8 is a detail perspective view of one of the fnnshcd matches. Fig, 9 shows how one of the layers may be caused to pass through a liquid before being united with the other' layers; and Fig. 10 is an elevation of means for assisting in arranging the fibers, strands or filaments of material that does not require to be cut or shredded as it enters the apparatus.

The tank 10, Fig. 3, contains a wood-pulp stock from which a layer or web is made. The pulp is collected by the cylinder 11 from which it is couched by a roll 12 on to the apron or felt 13 as is usual in paper making machines, and then 'asses between the rolls 14 which forces some of the moisture out of the web or layer 15. As shown two layers 16 and 16 of this Wetpulp of the proper thickness is formed and either or both are fed from reels 17 on which it has been previously rolled. The layer of pulp l6 has fine dry powder as flour or starch, blown over its surface from a receptacle 18 by means of a fan 19, and both layers 16 and 16 pass between the rolls 20 forming a preliminary compressing and splint-forming device. A layer 21 of wood, straw or bagasse, prepared as hereinafter explained is fed direct over the drum or cylinder 22 between the latter and a roll 23 on to a traveling apron Q4. The layer 21 has a suitable adhesive substance as powdered flour or starch supplied to and scattered over its surface from a receptacle25. The three layers are of such a thickness that when properly compressed they make a composite layer of justt-hethickness of the splints The layers 16, 16 and 21 as they pass be tween the rolls 20 will be pressed together and the adhesive substance between the layers will cause them to form a composite layer or web of splints. The rolls 20 are fluted r roovcd, Fig. 2, and besides forming the composite layer they also partially form the layer into splints. This web passes through a second compressing device 26. The device 26 comprises two grooved rolls 27 similar to rolls 20, which are adapted to s g complete compressing the material into this shape of finished long splints as best shown in Fig. 2*. If not entirely severed from each other the splints pass between a cutting device 28 of a match-making machine suclt as shown in my Patent No. 656,014, dated August 14, 1900, or my Patents 716,810, 716,815, and other of my patents issued December 23, 1902. As shown the cutting device consists of a metallic roll 29 and a series of cutters 30 spaced the width of the splints on a spindle 31 and after being cutwhole of strands or filaments as best shown,

in crosssection in Fig. 2 and where such filaments or shreds are cut or made from material that is larger than is suitable for splints or as a part of said layer, the wood, bagasse; straw and similar material is subjected to the action of the sets of rolls 39, 10 and 41 as shown in Figs. 1 and 1. The wood or other material 13 fed inward by a traveling apron 42 overa table 43 to the set of cutting rolls 39. These rolls have annular and V-shaped cutting devices 4.4 which cut the material in the direction or its feed and these strands strips and'particles are caused to pass to the second set of rolls 4.0. These rolls have peripheral ribs or teeth 45 that extend transversely of the travel of the material and are adapted to break the strands or shreds somewhat and to better assist in forming a proper layer, from which the material passes to the smooth rolls 1]. that form the material into a better and compact layer of the desired thickness, before passing around the drum or cylinder 22, a pan as being provided beneath the shredding rolls to catch any material that might pass beneath said rolls.-

The layer 16 instead of passing from a reel as in Fig. 2 is shown as passing around the pulleys 4e? and as, being formed by several layers or webs d8 that are pressed together by the rolls 4L8. Two of these webs have a suitable adhesive substance as flour or starch blown over their surfaces from the hoppers a9, a blower being provided for this purpose as already explained. The splints after passing the rolls 27 and before reaching the match machine, if not sufliclently dry,'pass through a suitable device 51 to dry the splints whether still joined together by a film or not, and the splints are finished by hand, or automatical as in my patents before mentioned. The carrier 52 of the machine52 takes the splints and forces the same into a dipping carrier as in my Patent 716,815. The dipping carrier :33 passes around suitable pulleys to the paratiin and composition apparatus 54; around the pulleys 55 back to the machine to again receive splints. Before returning assess to the machine the completed splints are ejected from the dipping carrier by the ejecting plungers 56-and are received by a conveyor 57in substantially the same manner as in my Patent 716,810, before re ferred to.

The method and operation of the apparatus will be readily understood from the foregoing description when taken-in connection with the accompanying drawings. The layers of wet pulp 16 and 16 after being formed on a cylinder and couchedto the felt or run from the apron on to the wire and couched to the felt of asuitable paper making machine such as a Fourdrinier or a modification of the same or otherwise is caused to pass with the intermediate layer 21 of strengthening fiber or shredded wood,

bagasse, straw, etc. between the rolls 20.

The corrugated composite layer passes between the splint-forming device 25 and from there thr gh a drier 51 it necessary, and

then to a match-making machine and the 7 matches completed as disclosed in my patents referred to or in the usual or in any preferred manner.

While I have described certain means for carrying the invention into practice it will be understood that various means. apparatus or combinations may be employedtcn' this purpose and that the layers may be of any suitable material and may be arranged in various ways with respect to each other. In Fig. 1 the fibrous material or layer 21 may be fed to the layer of pulp while on the felt or apron 13. This layer may be then used or in combination with others to make the splints. The intermediate layer 37 shown in Fig. 5 is a veneer of wood or may be a web of paper or paper board, and this layer 37 is combined with the layers 16 and 16* and may be formed into splints in substantially the same manner-as already described. The central layer 38 in Fig 6 is of independent cores of: any suitable shape and material. The outer layers are also of any suitable material as pulp and preferably have some adhesive substance between them so that when passed between rolls in the manner indicated they will be formed into independent splints or splints held together witha thin film as in Fig. 7. In this latter case the splints are made into complete splints as already described or in any preferred way.

The material may be first made in a sheet or strip form and then if necessary softened to make the matches. As one means for this purpose the device shown in Fig. 9 may be employed.- The layer 58 before reaching the splint-forming rolls is caused to pass around pulleys 59 and inbontactwith a liquid, as water, in a pan or, receptacle (30 and then around pulleys to the splint-forming device;

In Fig. is shown one means for arranging the long fibers of previously shredded Thelargc drum or cylinder til-has a series of, peripherally spaced serrated and ,circu lar lates 62, adjacent to which-rotate the sum plates only a portion of the serrated surface 10- the threads properlyarranged lengthwise of the layer preparatory to its proper formation or compression. The device shown is like-certain features of a carding engine. If desired, one layer jmaybe made of one color and another orthe others of the. same or of different colors and these may be colored atany suitable stage. of the process so that the finished splintswill be differently colored. The cheapest kind of- :material may be used as a filler or to make the entire splints and to make the parts adhere better any suitable adhesive 0t glutinous substance may be added at any suitable st ageof'the" proeess. A device such as shown inFig 9 .might be employed for this purpose.

= In practice it is intended to use excelsior, saw-dust, shavings, straw, seaweed, old paper, fiber of any suitable kinder other material be macerated and may be chemically or mechanically treated .as by boiling or bleaching or otherwise treated with or without chemicals or other'ingrcdients mixed therethe manufacture or the splints may be dipped and treated as usual; and where cotton orsuch fiber-mixed or not with other material is used to form a layer, it may be treated with a suitable chemical to prevent glowing. A-device such as shown'in-Fig'. 9

' also might be employed for this purpose. The pressure orother means used in forming the splints is regulated so as to avoid having the splints too compact fortreatment tocomplete the matches or to destroy the strong. match, and any"- suitable means or ymaterlalimay be employed to increasethe homogeneity of the-splints. s. The layers ma be fed from-reels-where the"material- 'wil permit- Tend any suitable b of ay s m yb f lloys mpressmgrol s 26 inig be substi- -iwll-bfefig ,is desirable the 1 splints may be er cylinders 63 with similar serrated:

being shown "The material in passing be-- tween the several drums or cylinders has ed to give strength and rigidity to the wood which in many instances go to waste. These or any of the material employed may:

with to make them suitable for use in the.

.i u'alities necessary to a free burning and" dnthe fir'stinstance, and in any case I caused to pass between rolls or other'polishing means. v

While reference has'beenmade particu- 'larly to round matches it will be understood that these maybe of'aiiy desired shape, and 170 may bemade, cut-or formed in any desired manner; T g j By shredded material or shredded woody. material is intendedto mean wood proper, bagasse, straw, or other material 3?: that is not first reduced to pulp and that containsthreads, filaments, or strands, united or not with other material and that is adapt- 86 It will be seen rom the foregoing that a strong and-eiii'ciente match is produced, and each splint may be provided with acentrarl strengthening core and an outer coating. It will be, seen also that the splints may be made .ofI-any suitableiform and in very large uantities'with' very little waste and with t e possibility of; turning out poorsplints or splints that; are not: uniform in 'size.andquality reduced to a minimum, at 90 the same time permitting theutilization in. the manufabt'ureiof atches of cheap material and-material that ordinarily goes to Lwaste .or-is bumedgfor lack of other-"means of dispositiom j T55 "7 Having thus described; my inventionji claim as new and, desire; to secureby Lmrs Patent: f- 1 1'. In the manufactureof matches, the

pulprorlayfers of ulp.

'method which consists in takingtwo independent soft layers of wood pulp, interpos i ing between. the two layers of pulp aflayerv or web of shredded woody (material havingthreads or strands extending lengthwise of the web and adapted 'to'iormafstrengthen- 105. ing and stifienin'g body to; the. wood-pulp layers, uniting the'combined layers together under pressure and simultaneously forming splints as-the'layers arecombined.

p 2. The'methd-ofmaking matches, which 0 ,consists in Storming a layer'of shredded wood material having long fibrous threads;

or strands arranged lengthwiseof'the layer, and unitingi avith the woody strandsof woody materialwoodlpulgand formingthe' I splints from the combined Strands andpulp whereby the said: strands may serve 'to strengthen andfstifi'en "the splints for the, purpose seHortl},.- V 3. The method ofniiQh'g meshes; consists in collecting f-woodspn ing two wet layers;o f the same, 1n rp a layer oflon-gzfibrbus met bllibetvrgen two layers of the pulp,- .'and' thenform p r I j sphntsfrom the comb ned layers to provide 'z instead of; the several-setsjof splint form:-

rolls being-emplo ed, the s lint-forminga strengtheninggcoreffor each. splint, for, the". purpose'setforth; I r 4. The method ofmaking-matches, which; consists in collecting wood pulp and form;

ing two wet layers of the same,.interposing,

he. I I

a layer of long fibrous material. with its fiber extending lengthwise of the layer between the two layers of pulp, and SllbJQCllllg the combined layers to pressure to form splints each of which-has a strengthening core substan.-- tially as and for the purpose described.

5. The method of making matches, which consists in forming one or more sheet-like layers of wood pulp, distributing a layer of fibrous material on to the pulp and while the pulp is in a soft or wet state subjecting the combined layers to pressure to form splints, separating the splints and then holding the splints for treatment to complete the matches.

6. In the manufacture of matches, the combination of independent soft layers of wood .pulp and intermediate fibrous or shredded woody material having threads on strands extending lengthwise of the web and adapted to form a strengthening and stiffen ing body to the wood pulp layers, the combined layers of material being united together under pressure thus forming splints.

' '7. In the. manufacture of matches, the method which consists in uniting wood that has not been reduced to pulp, and wood pulp, forming a web of match splints therefrom by compressing the pulp and the wood, and cutting the web.

8. The method of making matches, which consists in collecting wood pulp and uniting with it an independent layer of fibrous material, and forming a web of match splints therefrom by compression and while the pulp is soft so that each splint will have an inner core and an outer casing or cover.

9. The method of making matches, which consists in uniting material having long woody fibers, and wood pulp, and forming a Web of match splints therefrom by compreseases ously forming splints as the layers are combined.

11. In the manufacture of matches, the method wh h consists in forming a sheetlike layer 6 shredded woody material. having long fibrous threads or strands arranged lengthwise ojzt the layer, and uniting with the woody strands of woody material wood pulp, and forming the splints from the combined. strands and pulp whereby the said strands may serve to strengthen and stifien the splints for the purpose set forth.

12. In the manufacture of matches, the method which consists in taking long strands or filaments of a fibrous material, uniting wood pulp with the strands, and forming a web of match splints with the strands extending lengthwise of the match bodies whereby said bodies are strengthened,

This specification signed and witnessed this second day of September A. D. 1908.

JAMES A. EKIN CRISVVELL.

Witnesses M. TURNER, A. Rnmronn.

and then cutting the web into match splints.

Images