US986881A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

5 SHEETS-SHEBT l.

Patented' Mar. 14, 1911.

0 WEGENER FURNAGE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 5, 1902 edf M4@ WW m ma* C. WEGENER. FURNAUB IIIIIIIIII LAPPLICATION FILED MAY 5, 1992.

o. WEGENER.

FURNAGE. y APPLIOATION FILED MAY 6, 1902.

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5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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C. WEGENER.

FURNAGE. APPLICATION FILED MAYB, 1902.

`Patented Mar. 14, 1911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

C. WBGENBR.

FURNAGB. l APPLICATION FILED HAY 5, 1902.

Patented Mar. 14, 1911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

I l 1 'IIHIIIIHIIIIHHIH CARL WEGENER, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

FURNAGE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 14, 1911.

Application led May 5, 1902. Serial No. 106,033.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, CARL VVEGENER, a subject of the King of Prussia, and whose ypost-office 'address is No. -14 Gitschinerstrasse, Berlin, Prussia, German Empire, have invented new and useful Improvements in and Connected with Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to an automatically operating smokeless coal furnace especially for lump coal) in which the resh fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber in the known manner from below, underneath the burning layer of fuel.

The present invention comprises means for shutting oif the combustion chamber underneath by a fire grate and in arranging the lower part of the side wall also as a gra-te, and automatically operating means for supplying the fuel to the combustion chamber.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section of a complete apparatus of the preferred forni. Fig. 2 isa vertical section of the hydraulic fuel feeding mechanism showing the parts Vin a different position from that shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 Vis a plan view of the fuel feeding mechanism. Figs. 4 and 5 are sections on lines a-b and o-d respectively of Fig. 3. Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are detail views of parts of the fuel feeding'mechanism. Fig. 9 is a partial plan view showing the parts in a different' position from that'shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 10 is a section en the line,I e-f of Fig. 3. f*

As will be seen fron F ig. )feit-h ings, 1 indicates the combustion and 2 the furnace Wall consist-ing proof material provided with outlet--a tures 1G. This wall is surrounded by fixed to the supports 5. On the' supports 5, or on a ring placed thereon and consisting of angle irons, are placed the angle pieces 7 provided with a Guiding slot 6 and in these slots 6 are guided the ribbed pieces 8 serving as grate bars. l

An angle iron 9 is fixed to the supports 5 in such a manner that the grate bars 10 are supported with their inner ends against the feed :pipe 12 for introducing the fresh fuel into the combustion chamber and restwith their outer ends on this ring 9. Between the separate grate bars 10 lie flat .pe an 11i-@L11 sulating layer 3 and a casing 4 of iron plate cleaning bars 11 which with their outer ends project beyond the grate bars l() and can be moved vertically up and down as desired in order to clean the lower grate and remove the clinkers which form. A pipe 13 for admitting air is placed in this, feed pipe 12, on the upper end of which 13 isset a cap 15 covered at top and-.btittom with fireproof in terial and prfvided with slits 14 so that e air.- issii'ing rom the pipe 13 can escape* on all sides.

. Theppfferationof the above described fury-asfollbws: On the circular gralli forme "y`jthe bars 10, wood or other material adapted for lighting the re is placed anj'ignited, whereupon the special fuel (ft)Qjr"iiaf1 stance lumps of coal) is introdueedlthrough the feed pipe 12 int-o the combustion chamber by means of an automatically operating hydraulic feed apparatus to be more particularly described later on, and kindled. The combustion chamber gradually fills with burning coal and air is supplied to the combustion chamber through the lower fire' grate and the lateral ribbed pie-ces 8, and through the pipe 13 and slits 14 of the cap 15. The ribbed pieces 8 prevent the coal4 from falling out while permitting the removal of the elinkers. Where clinkers are to be removed from the grate, a ribbed piece 8 is taken out and the lelinkers removed through the aperture without interrupting or interfering with the process of combustion. By mowing up and down the flat cleaning bars 11 the elinkers are prevented from adhering to the grate and at the same time they are con- -ggiyed. forward, that is, toward the outer of the bars 10, from whence they can be iemoved in the aforesaid manner. The

e 13 rests in suchV a manner aperture of the pipe 12 that the fuel issuing' from the latter is forced by the cap 15"'5;.'to"`s"pread outon all sides which preventstheformation of a pyramid of coal.

As will be seen from Figs. 2-1O the automat-'ic h draulic feed a paratus consists of a cylin er 31 provide with a hopper 30 (which cylinder is joined ,on to the special feed pipe 12 of the above ribed furnace) and of a reciprocating aulic cylinder piston 32. The latter is able withl its cylindrical part 33 provided' with a suitable boring 37 on the piston itself 34 which is p;"1'5"iointed top and bottom which is set fixed to the plate 36 attached to the cylinder 31 by means of bars 35. The piston 34, and also the plate 36 bearing a valve box 38, is provided with a boring 39 and to the tubular joint 40 of the valve box is joined a pipe for pressure water so that the cylinder niston 32 is driven forward by the pressure water into the cylinder' 31 and the fuel falling into the cylinder 31 out of the funnel 30 is driven into the feed pipe 12 joined thereto and thence into the combustion chamber of the furnace. In order to draw back the cylinder piston 32 in the cylinder 31, a cord 43 bearing a weight 42 and guided over a roller 41 is attached to the cylinder piston (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) and a valve seat 45 provided with apertures 44 is placed in the valve box 38, the valve piston 46 automatically operated durin the movement of the cylinder piston 32 belng guided in this valve seat. The valve piston 46, when the cylinder piston 32 has arrived at the end of its forward stroke is moved up in such a manner that the apertures 44 are free and the pressure water can flow out of the valve box through the pipe 47, so thatthe cylinder piston 32 is now drawn back by the weight 42.

For the purpose of raising and lowering the valve piston 46 (counter-balanced in any suitable manner preferred) according to the position ofthe cylinder piston 32 there are pivoted on the bolt 49 of a block 55 fixed to the plate 36, a weighted lever 48 (Figsnl, 2, 5 and 6) and a slotted lever 50 and a pin 51 so attached to the latter that the forked ends of the lever 48 surround this pin 51. The slotted lever 50 is provided with a slot concentric to the pivot 49 and with an eccentric slot adjoining the first; in the eccentric slot is guided a pin 52 of the double lever 54 pivoted on the bolt 53 which lever is attached with its forked ends to the rod 56 of the valvejpiston 4 6. On the weighted lever 48 there is arranged a connecting bar 58 having a hook 57, and on the end of the cylindrical part 33 of the piston 32 a projection 59, so that during the forward stroke of the cylinder piston 32 and toward the end of this stroke, the hook 57 of the connecting bar 58 is engaged by the projection 59 of the cylinder piston 32 and thereby the bar 58 drawn along so that the Weighted lever 48 comes'out of the position shown in full lines in Fig. l into that shown in dotted f lines from which it falls owing to the weight 60 into the position illustrated in Fig. 2. During the movement of the weightedjlever- 48, the slotted lever 50 (and thereby the double lever 54) is so moved that the valve piston 46 is raised and the waste pipe 47 or the pressure water is opened. Consequently the cylinder piston 32 is nowl drawn back by the weight 42.

For the purpose of introducing the fuel into the cylinder' 3l, there are arranged between the latter and the hopper 30, two dampers 61, (32 (see Figs, 3, 4, 9 and 10) which are automatically opened by the motion of the cylinder piston 32 and then closed by springs 63. In order to open automatically the dampers, a bolt is fixed to a guide piece 64 arranged on the funnel 30, and a bolt 67 is fixed to a guide piece 66 placed on each damper. On these bolts 65,

(57 are pivotally placed two links 69, 7()V articulately connected with oneanother by means of a bolt G8; and to the bolt 68 lis fixed a bar 71 which is arranged with play on an arm 73 keyed on a shaft 72 in such a manner that the links 69, 70, when the shaft 7 2 is compulsorily rotated, are brought out of the angular position shown in Fig. 9 and in dotted lines in Fig. 3 in which they are held by means of springs, into the almost straight position shown in full lines in Fig. 3, whereby the dampers 6l, 62 are opened. rIhe springs G3 are pushed up on the guide piece (54 and rest againsta pin 74 placed in the latter and against the dampers 61, G2 in such a manner that when the shaft 72 is released the dampers are closed by the springs 63, as the links 69, 70 are easily moved back by the springs 63 out of the position shown in Fig. 3 into the angular position shown in Fig. 9. 'Ihe rotation of the shaft 72 placed in bearings 75, 76 of the cylinder 31 is likewise derived from the cylinder piston '32 (see Figs. 1 and 2). For this purpose another arm 77 is attached to the shaft 72 on which is placed a connecting bar 79 provided with a projection 78. To the end of the cylindrical part 33 of the cylinder piston 32 is attached a catch 80 in such a way that during the backward movement of the cylinder piston, the projection 78 of the connecting bar 79 is taken along by the catch 80 so that the shaft 72 is revolved and thereby the bars 71 are moved in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 3) whereby the links G9, 70 are brought out of the angular position into the almost straightA position and the dampers are opened. L l

During the forward stroke of the cylinder piston 32 the connecting bar 79 is kept in Contact with the catch 80 by the action of the spring'63, so that the dampers would only open gradually. In ordler to close vthem quickly, a disengaging device is provided for .the connecting bar 79. This device consists of a pivotally arranged disengaging bar 81, which is so placed that its upper end'lies in the saine catch 80.

The method of operation of this mechanism is briefly as follows: During the back- 'ward stroke of the cylinderpiston 32, the

disengaging bar 81 rests against the catch 8() and in such a manner that it comes underplane with the neath the projection 78 of the bar Tf) whereby the bar 81 is brought into the.v position shown in dotted lines (F ig. 1). The projection 78 of the bar 79 is so formed that during the forward stroke of the cylinder piston 32 the disengaging bar is prevented from moving backward, so that consequently, during this forward stroke of the cylinder piston the bar 79 is lifted o the catch 80 by means of the disengaging bar 81` andreleased, whereupon the dampers 61, 62 can be quickly closed by the springs 63.

The method of operation of the above described hydraulic feed apparatus is shortly as follows: When the cylinder piston 32 is in the rearward position and the two dampers 61, 62 are opened, the cylinder 81 is filled with coal from the hopper 30. As during the backward movement of the cylinder piston, by the bar 58 pushing against it, the weighted lever 48 is brought into the position shown in Fig. 1 and thereby the valve piston 46 into the lower position in which the outer apertures 44 and the outlet pipe 47 are closed, the cylinder piston 32 will now be driven forward by the pressure water entering. At the commencement-of this forward stroke the connecting bar 79 remains in contact with the catch 80, so that the dampers 61, 62 are in the first place keptopen and the fuel which may have become stuck, can be pushed into the cylinder 31 by the operator. After a small part of the stroke has been carried out, the connecting rod 79 is automatically released from the catch by the disengaging bar 81, so that the damperS. 61, 62 are now automatically closed bythe springs 63.

By'regulating the quantity of pressure water introduced into the cylinder piston the movement of the latter can be regulated, that is, accelerated or retarded. When the cylinder piston 32 approaches the end of its forward stroke the projection 57 of the cony necting rod 58 on the weighted lever is engaged by the projection 59 on the cylindrical part 33 of the piston 32 and the weighted lever 48 is brought into the position illustrated in dotted lines in Fig. 1, out of which it falls into the position shown in Fig. 2 owing to the weight 60, and is consequently completely reversed. Owing to this reversal of the weighted lever the valve piston 46 is moved up', the outlet apertures freed andthe outlet pipe opened, so thatv the pressure water entering into the-valve boir 38 can iiow off direct. The cylinder piston 32 is consequently drawn back by the weight 42,and during the backward stroke pushes the connecting rod 58 against thecylinder piston 32 so that the weighted lever 48 is brought into its original position, the valve piston 46 moved down and the; outlets 44 and outlet pipe 47 are closed. `During the backward stroke of the cylinder piston the projection closed so that the operation and the forward stroke of the cylinder piston can recommence.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Let-ters Patent of the United States is 1. In a smokeless combustion furnace, the combination of a combustion chamber the bottom and lower part of the'side wall of which is formed as a grate, a pipe leading to an opening in the bottom of the combustion chamber for introducing fresh fuel into the combustion chamber from underneath below the layer of live fuel, a deflecting device located in the combustion chamber above the fuel supply opening for spreading out the fuel as it enters the combustion chamber, a feeding cylinder from which the fuel is fed -to said pipe, a hopper from which the fuel is supplied to the feeding cylinder, dampers arranged between the feeding cylinder and the hopper, means for opening and closing the dampers, a feeding piston for reciprocating in said feeding cylinder, and a hydraulic pistonand connectionsfor operating said feedingf'piston, substantially as described. y 'e Y Y 2. In a smokelesscombustion furnace, the combinationl ofacombustion chamber the bottom and lower part of |the side wall of Whichis formed'as a grate, a fuel supply pipe leading to an opening to the combustion chamber located to supply the fresh fuel from underneath below the layer of live fuel,

a feedingrcylinder from which the fuel is fed to said pipe, a hopper from which the fuel is supplied to the feeding cylinder,

dampers betweeuthe feeding cylinder and hopper, means for opening and closing the dampers, a reciprocating piston provided with an extension' forming a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic lpistoiron'which the hydraulic cylinder moves, and means for suppl ing and discharging the pressure water, substantially as described'.

- 3. In a smokeless combustion furnace, the combination with the combustion chamber,

of afuel supply pipe leading to an opening member forming a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic piston on which the hydraulic cylinder moves, a valve controlling the inlet and outlet of the fresh water, and a lever mechanism connected with the valve and operated by the reciprocating hydraulic cylinder, substantially as described.

4. In a smokeless combustion furnace in which the fresh fuel is fed underneath the layer of live fuel, the combination with the combustion chamber, of a pipe for introducing the freshv fuel into said chamber, a feeding cylinder from which the .fuel is fed to said pipe, a hopper from which the fuel is supplied to the feeding cylinder, dampers arranged between' the feeding cylinder and the hopper, means for opening and closing the dampers, a piston mounted to reciprocate in the feeding cylinder provided with an extension forming a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic piston on which the hydraulic cylinder moves, a valve controlling the outlet and inlet of the pressure water, and means controlled by the movement of the hydraulic cylinder for operating said valve, substantially as described.

5. In a smokeless combustion furnace in which the lfresh fuel is fed underneath the layer of live fuel, the combination withthe combustion chamber, of a pipe for introducing the fresh fuel into the combustion chamber, a feeding cylinder from which the fuel is fed to said pipe, a hopper from which the fuel is supplied to the feeding cylinder, a piston reciprocating in the feeding cylinder,

means for reciprocating the piston, dampers arranged between the feeding cylinder and the hopper, springs for closing the dampers, and means for opening the dampers comprising two pivotally connected links for each damper,a part moving with the piston, a adapted to be moved during the backward movement of the piston by said part moving with the piston, connections between said member and said links for causing the dampers to be opened by the movement of said member, and means for disengaging said member from the part moving lwith the piston to permit the dampers to be closed for the forward movement of the piston, substantially as described.

6. In a smokeless combustion furnace in which the fresh fuel is fedv underneath the layer of live fuel, the combination with the combustion chamber, of a pipe for introducing the fresh fuel into said chamber, a feeding cylinder from whichthe fuel is fed to said pipe, a feeding piston reciprocating in the feeding cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder and piston for operating the feeding piston, a valve for controlling the outlet and inlet of the pressure water, a weighted lever 48,

- abutments moving with the feeding cylinder, a hooked rod 58 adapted to be engaged by said abutments moving with the feeding ment of said member,

the feeding cylinder,

cylinder to throw the weighted lever as the feeding piston approaches the end of its movement in either direction, a slotted lever 50 actuated by the weighted lever through a lost motion-connection, and a lever 54 for actuating the valve having a pin projecting into the slot ofthe slotted lever 50 whereby the lever 54.- is oscillated by the movement of the lever 50, substantially as described.

7. In a smokeless combustion furnace in which the fresh fuel is fed underneath the ,layer of-live fuel,y the combination with the combustion chamber, of a pipe for introducing the fresh fuel into said chamber, a feeding cylinder from which the fuel is fed to said pipe, a reciprocating piston provided with an extension forming a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic piston on' which the hydraulic cylinder moves, a valve controlling the outlet and inlet of the pressure water, a weighted lever, a bar for operating said lever having a hook adapted to engage a projection on the hydraulic cylinder, a slotted lever actuated by the weighted lever, and a double lever actuated by said slotted lever for actuating the valve, substantially as described.

8. In a smokeless combustion furnace in which the fresh fuel is fed underneath the layer of live fuel, the 'combination with the combustion chamber, of a pipe for introducing the fresh fuel into the combustion chamber, a feeding cylinder from which the fuel is fed to said pipe, a hopper frompwhich the fuel is supplied'to the feeding cylinder, a piston reciprocating in the feeding cylinder, dampers arranged between the kfeeding cylinder and the hopper, means for reciprocating the piston, springs for closing the dampers, and means for opening the dampers comprising two pivotally connected links for each damper, a part `moving with the piston, a member adapted to be moved during backward movement of the piston by said part moving with the piston, connections between said member and said links for causing the dampers to be opened by the moveand means lfor disengaging said member from the part moving with the iston to permit the dampers to be closed or theforward movement of the piston, substantially as described.

9. In a smokeless combustion furnace in which the fresh fuel is fed from underneath below the layer of live fuel, the combination with a combustion chamber the bottom and lower part of which is formed as a grate, gf a pipe for introducing the fresh fuel the combustion chamber, a feeding cylinder from which the fuel is fed to the pipe, a hopper from which the dampers arranged between the feeding cylinder and the hopper, means for opening and closing the dampers, a reciprocating pistonprorided'with an exthe intol A fuel is supplied to` tension forming a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic piston on which the hydraulic cylinder moves, a valve controlling the inlet and outlet of the pressure water, and operating mechanism for the valve controlled by the movement of the hydraulic cylinder, substantially as described. I

l0. In a smokeless combustion furnace in which the fresh fuel is fed from underneath below the layer of live fuel, the combination with a combustion chamber the bottom and lower part of which is formed as a grate, of a pipe for introducing the fresh fuel into the combustion chamber, a feeding cylinder from which the fuel is fed to the pipe, a hopper from which the fuel is supplied to the feeding cylinder, a reciprocating piston provided with an extension forming a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic piston on which the hydraulic cylinder moves, a valve controlling thc'inlet and outlet of the pressure water, mechanism for actuating the valve controlled by the movement of the hydraulic cylinder, dampers arranged between the feeding cylinder and the ho per, springs for closing the dempers, an mea-ns for opening the dampers comprising two pivotally connected links for each damper, a part moving with the reciprocating piston, a member adapted to be moved during the backward movement of the reciprocating piston by said part moving with the reciprocating piston, connections between said member and said links for causing the dampers to be opened by the movement of said member, and means for disengaging said member from the part moving `with the reciprocating piston to permit the dempers to be closed for the forward movement of the reciprocating piston, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing Witness/es.

CARL WEGENER. lVitncsses HENRY Hnsrnn, v VOLDEMAR HAUPT.

Correction in Letters Patent No. 986,881.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 986,881, grantedy March 14, 1911, upon the application of Carl Wegener, of Berlin, Germany, for an improvement in Furnaces, an error appears in the printed speciiication requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 119, the Word open should read close; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the Same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oce.

sig-nee and sealed this'mh day of April, A. D., 1911.

C. C. BiLLINGs, Acting ommissioner of Patents.

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