US984226A - Multiple-effect evaporating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

s.- M. LILLIB. MULTIPLE EFFECT EVAPORATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED 1.51.31, 1907.

984,226. Patented Feb. 14, 1911.

H SHEETSSHEET 1.

s. M. LL'LLIB.

MULTIILE EFFECT EVAPORATING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 31, 1907. Y

" Patented Feb. 14, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FIG-.5

WITNESSES:

M ATTUR/VEY a series of single effects connected for re UNITED srarnsrn rnnr OFFICE."

' SAMUEL Momris 'LILLIE, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

M LTIPLE-Ensues." nvnronn'nnc nrra wrus.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it'known that I, SAMUEL MORRISLlL- LIE, of the city and county of Philadelphla, State of Pennsylvania, have invented an 1m provement in Multiple-Effect Evaporating Apparatus, of' which the following is a specification.

versal, and which is more fully disclosed in Letters Patent of the United States, No. 777,114, granted to me on December 13th, 1904, thesaid reversal being in not only for changing the direction of Ithe'heat through the series whereby each reversal makes what was before the hottest efiect the coolest effect, and vice versa, butalso preferably re versing the direction of passage of the'liquor in the several effects as a series. Inthe preferred form of-my said apparatus, I have usually employed a series of parallel cylindricalefiects, the steam chamber ofany' ef fect being adjacent to the evaporating chainbers of the nelxt eife'cts at the corresponding end and said steam chambersandevaporat' ing chambers of the respective ends of the several effects being connected inseries by valved passages, said valved passages cor-re sponding 'atopposite, ends of the effects in' the inverse order. Moreover, the valves controlling thesepassages are designed to be so.

' adjusted that a passage communicating be tween a-stea m chamber of one effect and the evaporating chamber of the next eiiect ati one end is closed when the corresponding passage between the same effects at the other.

- end is open, and vice-versa, according to the direction in which the heat and vapors are required to pass.

- 'Mypresent invention more particularly refers toautomatic means in conjunction with" the aforesaid valves controlling the passages between the several effects, whereby the. mere change inthepoint of supply of the steam, to what is to he the hottest. effect, will-automatically cause the valves to ad just themselves to their seats in the proper Specification of Letters Ifatent, Patented Feb 14, 1911, Application filed-January 31, 1907. Serial No. 354,988.

order at each end of the series of eiiects to insure the normal circulation of the heat through the apparatus.

My improvements are more particularly for use in multiple-eifect apparatus of the reversal type, butminor features'of the im- 'provement may beemployed for special ap plications of evaporating apparatus generally. v

"Bro adly in providing two or more communicating passages connecting a series of- .efiepts' with valve seats, combined withrvalvescarried upon a common shaft or other operating. means/ whereby said valves are caused to move in opposite directionswith respect to considered, my invention'consists their seats, and steam actuated motor means located so as to cause the said-valves and their connecting rod to close the valve or valves adjacent to the chamber in which the steam is supplied and open the'valvei-controlling the passage between the next two adjacent efiects.

tion of the communicating passages between the several efi'ects, with valve devices .to control themfthe movable; valves of said valve devices acting. as pistons and coiiperating with cylindrical portions .ad-jacentto the valve seats whereby the-passage of vapor through one passage acting. upon one valve will move the other valve in its-cylinder so it maybe acted upon bythe vapo p to continue its movementto "its seat and simultaneously move the first mentioned valve out of.its cylinder andaway from its seat.

My invention also co nsists in": providing a series of eifects with means to admit steam to the first and next to last effects ofthe series, combined with valved passages operated in unison for controlling thevapor passages between the series ofefiects-tojwhich My invention also consists in-the-combina-.

the steam is supplied, and independent'valve mechanism for controllingthe passage of vapor between the .end f'eifect'and. the effect next tojit towhich steam-may be supplied.

My invent'i'o'n further consists in areversal multiple-efl'ect apparatus of: the character herein set'outifin which 'means is provided for-admitting steam to .thesteam lchamoers 105.

of all of the eflects', combined with valves for controlling the 'heatand-vapor between the adiace'nt effects at each lend, connecting ll'lGElIlS for the two valves between themeans I chamber'of the first effect and the steam.v

Chamber of the next adjacent effect, and a separate valve device for controlling the JD assag of vapor-from the steam chamber 1 of the'nex't to the-last effect and" the vapor I chamberlof thefla'st effect. This feature of- Y the invention will permit the effects to be operated as single, double, triple or quad- I ruple effect apparatus.

--Myinvention alsocom-prehends details of ,construction 'which, together with the features above specified, will be better understood by reference to the drawings, in which,

2 "for purposes of illustration, I have shown an evaporating apparatus of the Lillie hereinbefore referred to.

JI-n th e'drawings: Figure 1 is a plan view of a multiple-effect apparatus embodying 555 my'inv'ention; Fig. 2,is an elevation of the I same; Fig. 3 a longitudinal sectional eleva 1 tion of the same on line 33 of Fig. 1; Ifig. 4i-is a sectional side elevation of one of the l-QvalYes and passages between theadjacent T; effects; and Fig. 5 is an end elevation of the 1 A, A, A andA are four-effects, and, as-

'. arranged, have the steam chambers S of ad- I jacent-eflfects at opposite ends.

i5 PL represents the evaporating and liquor.

chambers. The details of construction of the Bfl eCtSfOIf evaporating and circulating @the liquid arenot described in thisapplicaQ tion ,as'they may be similar to what is shown lyjn my Letters Patent No. 777,114 aforesaid. "The several efiects A to A are connected as f shown at each end'by the passages 13 to B.

The v'arious passages B to B are controlled by valves, such 'as'shown at G to C respectively; for example, the valves in the passages 13,3 and B being open and the valves int-he remaining passages closed, or vice ,versa'. The liquor may be supplied to the several effectsgin series, beginning with either "efiect A 'or A*, by suitable pipes. The circu- 'rlfllliOIl-Qf the liquor through the several effects and its reversal-is fully set out in my aioresaid Letters P'atent,..and in lieu of specifi'c description here, reference is made- ."thereto;.

As shown in, Fi' 1, the steam is supplied by valve pipe E to the steam-chamber S of fl"ect A. The vaporsfroin the evaporating .j chamber L ofeflect pass through passage B into thexste'am' chamber S of off "feet Afl The va ors from the evaporating chamber Lrof th effect ass by passage 13 4 into the steam chamber of efl'ec't A The vapors from 'efi'ect A'pa'ss by passage B 55 into the steam chamher ojieiiect'A and ,which are .closedjwill be open.

' the vapors of the evaporating chamber L of this'last effect are condensed by a suitable condenser F. When the system is to be reversed, the liquor is preferably circulated in the-reverse direction. The-flow of the liquor having been reversed through the sevei'al effccts, the valves in the passages B to B are reversed also, and then the vapors pass as follows: Steam is shut off by valve E and admitted to the steam chamber S of effect A by steam valve E, where it iscondensed.

The vapors generated in the'evaporating chamber L ofthis eflect. pass t-hrou h passage B into'the steam chamber to e set A and are. condensed. The vapors of the evap-- oratingjchamber L of effect A pass by passage B into the steam chamber of efiect A" and-a're condensed. The vapors from this eflect'A pass by passage Bf into the steam chamberof efiect A and are condensed, and the 'vapors'of the evaporating chamber L of effect Aare condensed by a suitable condenser F.

Ordinarily, in the' full operation of the 'mult-iple-efiectapparatus, steam would be admittedeither by the: valve E or E, ac-

-cording*to the direction ofoperation, (it

being admitted by the valve E inthe partic'ular' positions .of the valves in the pas sages communicating between the several effe'cts) and the last. evaporating chamber of the effect A is in cominunicatioawith condenser at In the reversal of the appsfetus, the steam is'sup'p'lied by the valve E and the vapors from the'evaporating chaml'JQI'IOf the effect A will. then be in communi cation with the condenser F, but in this case the several valves between the various effects Will be reversed, that is to say, those which i are open inFig. 1', will be closed and those 01. course either condenser F or F is respectively out out, dependent upon whether the steam .is admitted by valve E or E..

Inthe preferred form of,.my apparatus, I providethe steam chambers of the second and third effects also with valved steam inlets so that in this manner steam may be supplied as desired. to any one of the efiects'of the series. ply 'tothe'effects A at E and to eiiect 2 at E In Fig. 3 is shown the arrangement of the steam passages and valved'passages' be:-

t-we'en the adjacent effects of the series in the valves and steam passages are the same at to describe the'details of one set, as indi cated in Fig. 3, to fully l nderstandthe construction of both sets.

I have indicated the steam su 120, preferred form of my invention, and these both ends-0f the effects,but' in the inverse; I

order. It will therefore only be necessary.

The detail character of the passagesbe- I tween the adjacentefli'ects is indicated in Figs. Land 5'. In the construction here lee " seat and moves valve fully open. It also cuts the effect A out of action.

longitudina a distance suflicient to pass out of them for the purpose of permitting the free passage of steam into the steam chambeafter 'ivin'g an initial movement" a: to the rods D or D Referring to Fig. 5, it

will be seen that upon admitting steam to the port E the piston 12, and rod 1) Will move to the left. Just as the valve C enters its passageway B the piston n leaves the cylinder N. The steam then acts directly upon the valve C and mov s it to its ing of the valve rods enables this ope 'ation o-f'the valves to put out of action either of thetwo end effects at- Will. lVhen either of such effects is to be kept out of operation for some time either for repairs or otherwise, the valves C or C may be secured in closed position by means of the bolts U and nuts W shovvn in Figs. 4 and 5. Such. bolts and nuts may also be used in connection with the valves C, C C and C? at any time except.

when the operation of the apparatus as a reversal multiple-effect apparatus.

. By the use of the means herein described I' may operate the effects-A, A, A and A. as a quadruple effect'in one direction or re 'ver'sible; I may operate t-heeffects A, A and A ortheveffe cts A, A and A as triple effects in one direction or reversible; I may operate the effects A A as a pair and effects A A as another pair as double effects; and I may operate either of the effects A or A as-single effects or open them for cleaning or repairs While the triple effects are in operation. In the cas e of some Weak solutions which haveto be brought to a high density, it is customary to complete the evaporation in two stages. By the first stage about vninety per cent. of the total evaporation is done and in the second stage, theremainder.

In the case of such solution, the apparatus is 'used'as a quadruple effect for the first stage and when a fair quantity of the product of this stage is accumulated, one of the end effects 1s.then operated by itself in bringing this product tothe final density While the i remaining three effects are continued inoperation as a triple effect on the dilute solution, bringing it to the conditionof the prodact of the first'st'age; When the first stage product hasbeen Worked through the single effect, said effect may be put in service 'vvith the other three effects as a quadruple effect for'trea-tment of more oft-he first stage 4 liquor.

I do not restrict myself to the minor details of cO-n'struction as it is evident that such parts maybe modified as Will be apparent" to those skilled in the art;

' Having now described my invention, What I claim as new and desire to secure by Let-;

ters Patent, is

1. In a multiple effect evaporating app'a the steam chamber of one of the effects, and steam actuated devices operable by the pressure of the steam entering through the steam inlet into the steam chamber forpositively and automatically operating the valvesof "ratus, valved controlled apertures between the steam chalnbersand evaporating cham bers of the several effects, a steam llllfittt) the valve passages immediatelybefore theadmission of steam to the multiple effect apparatus.

2. In a multiple effect apparatus, four effects and communicating passages between the steam chambers and vapor chambers of the several effects to connect theniin series.

con'ibinedwith means for supplying steani to the steam chambers of two effects adjacent to one end of the series, condensers in communication with the vapor chambers of the two endeff'ects' of the series, valves for connecting theeffects as a quadruple effect or as a triple 'elfect and one single effect according to their adjustment, and ZilltOlIliitlC means in connection with the steam inlet of theeffect next to the end of the series for positively operating the valve immediately before the admission ofthe steam to the steam chamber of the said effect for causing the said effects as a triple effect and as a single effect with respect to the two condensers.

8.111 a multiple effect evaporating apparatus, four effects arranged with their steam valves to couple the and evaporating chambers connectedby vapor passages, combined With valves in the vapor passagesand arranged Wholly W'i'thi the apparatus and adapted to be autoinat'i cally operated to reverse the direction of the passage of the heat through the apparatus by the admission of steam to the first-or last effects of the series, means for admitting steam to the steam chambers of the first and last effects, condensers in connection with the vapor chambers of the first and lasteflects of the series, means for ad-v mitting steam tothesteam-chamber of one of the mlddle effects of the series, and means operated by the steam being admitted to'the I said middle effect for positively moving tlie vapor valves for dividing the; quadruple efi'ect automatically into the condensers. v I 4. In a multiple effect apparatus, a series of; four effects each having valve inletsl for independently supplying steam' tothe steam chambers thereof, and condensers in c"onnec--- tion with the vapor chambersof a. triple effect and i I a sin le effectboth in o erative relation" to combined with automatically cont-rolled valve passages between the evaporating chamber and steam chamber of the whereby they may be changed cylindrical valve casings, valves for con-t 'ratus into a triple respective two int-ermediateettects arranged to be oper" ated by the steam being admitted 'to the said efl ects, and connections bet-ween power" devices andthe valves of the valved passages for operating them in-two sets, where by the "apparatus may be automatically transformed efl'ect and. a single etlect n cormec tion with the respectivecondensers and for reversing the apparatus while main tamed as a triple and s ngle effect-combi- "natmni 5 .A' multiplsefiect evaporating apparatus having means for supplying steam to each'efiect at wilL vapor passages between the adjacenteffects; v combined with reversible positive sfeam actuated valve devices in the several vapor passages for controlling the flow of thevapc sfrom the evaporatlng chambers t c-the steam chambers of adjacent simultaneously effects and coiiperating .to

several eitiect's and autonm tically con rol the to qua l-fruple eiiectapparatus or vice versa and {the heat and vapors caused to flow in either direction'witlrrespect to the series of effects; t I j 6 Inamul'tiple-etlect evaporating apparatnsthe combination of a series of effects, vapor passageslcoimecting the steam chain:

bers of the several effects with the evaporating hamloers of adjacent eilects having trolling the several passages whereby they may operateto move into and out or the cylindrical casings under the pressure of the steam and-vapors, and when in the casings act as pistons thereto, means for admitting steamto the steam chambers of the first and last effects of theseries whereby the valves may be caused to automatically readjust themselves upon the" admission of steam to the first-or the last efiect of the series and thereby reverse the flew of the heat and vapors. g a 1 a 7 Ina multiple-effect evaporating apparatus, the combination of a series of. effects,

'va or assa 'es connectin the steam chambers of the several e'fiects with the evapOrat ing chambers of adjacent effects having cylindrical valve casings, valves for controlling the several passages whereby they may .operate to move into and out of the cylindrical casings under the pressure "of the steam and vapors and when in the casings act as pistons'thereto, a steam.

' for giving the valves an initial movement for starting-their reversal movemenh means for adnnttln steam to the steam chambers of effects oi the seriesjavhereby' the valves access adjacent effects, power devices in connectlon with the valve inlets oi the from a multiple effect appa the vapors or from triple motor device may be caused to y themselves upon the admissicnlj of steam to the first or the last eflect oi the series.

automatically readjust 8. In a reversible vapormuhiple effect evaporating apparatus, the effects of which each have an evaporating chamber and a steam chamber and in 'which' the steam chamber of each intermediate effect is connected by vapor passageswith the evaporating chamber of each adjacent'efiect, a 'vaper valve in each of the saidlpassages one "of which valves is closed andtheother open or vice versa according to the direction in which heat is movingfthrough' the effects as a series, a valved steam inlet to the steam chamber of anintermediate effect,

of the vapor passage byfsteam; entering through said inlet on opening the'valve in the same, whereby the intermediate eflect becomes a vapor generator using eirtraneous steam to furnish vapor to another effect.)

9. In a reversible vapor multiple effect evaporating apparatus comprising four or t more effects having stea mwand evaporating chambers 111 whichthe steam end, ofeach intermediate effect has leading nto 1t vapor passages from the evaporating chamber of a vapor'valve n each I each adjacent effect, of said vapor passagesone'of which valves is open and the other closed or, vice versa according to the direction in which the vapors or heat is moving through thei'effects as a series, steam inlets t0 the steam chambers of two intermediate effects, valve in said steam inlets; and neansoperable by steam entering throughthe said steaminlets to close the open vaporvalvesinthesaid vapor passages leading into the steam 'chambers of the said two adjacent-intermediate effects, whereby each offthe saidintermediate effects becomes the liott estl effectgof a series of effects operating'as;a-'multiple\efiect.

10. In a multiple-effect evaporating apparatus, a series of effects havingIthe evaporating chamber of one eiiectconnecting with the steam chambers of the adjacent efiects by tubular passages having valve seats, combined-with a rod extendihg'through. evapo+ rating chamber and the; {tubular passage and means operable to close, the open valve Ways, valves secured to the rod and sjepae valves for the cylindrical pasgreater than thefdisi'llo c lindrical 50 hereby and valves secured to the additional I a sages acting as pistons, connections between the valves to causc'them to move innnison, and means to positively move the valves 21 total distance which is greater than the dis tance of their-travel when they are within their respectivecylindrical passages, whereby the steam or vapor may pass through one cylindrical passage and steam chamber of the'.next effect to I open the valve of the v passage leading to the vapor c amber of, the effect-beyondand then close the firstmentioned passage byits valve. {1 12. In a multiple effect evaporating ap- 1 p'aratus comprising a plurality of effects a-each of'which has, a steam chamber and an evaporating chamber, and in which the hot test effecthas a steam supply connection. to itsl steam chamber and'the coolest effect has 5 a vapor escape from its vapor chamber, and ;0- in'vvhich further one or more of the intermediate effects are provided with a vapor -main from the vapor chamber of each effect of-jth e'series save the coolest effect and to .the steam chamber'of the'aiext coolest effect, is combined Witha valved steam inlet to the steam chamber of'on'e of. the intermediate 'effects,-'a vapor valv'e in the vapor main leading'to'said effect from next hotter effect, dQmeansto-close said vapor valve in'said 'luivapor'ma in operable by steam when enteringby the said valved steam inlet t0 thereby cause the said intermediate effect 'to be shut-off fromthe vapor chamber of the next hotter-effect and to become the hottest effect (if the series consistingof itself and the cfiiects' lower than it in the series. E1 13; In a reversible. multipleeffect. evapbrating apparatus,-aseries. of effects arranged with the steam ends adjacent to the vapor ends of adjacent effects, tubular passages between the several effects at each end, valve seats in the several passages, valves for said valve seats, rods connecting two of the valves at each end of the effects tocause 15 them to mos in opposite directions with re- -;spect:-to opening and closing their respective {valve seats, guides for the rods, two additional rods in line respectively with the aforesaid rods and adapted to be moved- I ,odsfor controlling the remaining vapor passages of the effects. v

;14;. The combination in a multiple'effect apparatns,.o f the tubular vapor passages B B 'and B having valve seats, thevalves C (lahd C respectively for said passage, a

rod D connecting valves C G and holding them at a greater distance apart than the distance apart of their seats, rod. d secured to valveC and, abutting with the rod D whereby the movement of rod 1) in adjusting its valves will also move rod d and 15. In a reversible vapor multiple effect evaporating apparatus of which the bodies of each effect have a steam chamber and an evaporating chamber, the combination of three: consecutive effects, a vaporw'passage be tween the steam chamber of each end effect of the three and the vapor chamber of the intermediate effect, a section of each vapor passage formed as a cylinder, a piston. for the cylindrical section adaptedv to be moved into the cylinder to close its vapor and out of the cylinder to open its vapor passage, and intermediate connections between the two istons ooeratina' to comool the istons to move in unison the one diston passage ,toward and out of the endof ltscylinder and the other toward the. mouth and into its-- cylinder whereby an increase in the pressure in the vapor chamber of the intermediate effect above that in the steam chamber on the other side of the closed cylinder will cause the piston of the latterto be forced by the increasing pressure to the end of its cylinder and bring the piston of the other cylinder to the entrance of its'cylinder.

1.6. In reversible vapor multiple effect evaporating apparatus, the effects of which have each an aporating and a'steam chamher, the combniation of three effects, a vapor passage from the steam chamber of each of two of the three effects to theevaporating chamber of the third ,efiect, a valve in each vapor passage which moves toward the steam chamber to open the passage and toward the evaporating chamber of the third effect to close the passage, intermediate connections between the valves, and" means whereby an increase in pressure in one of the said steamchambers above the pressure in'the other of the said steam chambers positively moves the connected pair of valves by the full power of the increasing pressure to close the valve bet-ween the first steam chamber and the vapor chamber and fully open the valve between-the vapor chamber and the other.

steam chamber.

In testimony of which invention, I have hereunto set my hand.

. s. Mortars LILLIE.

lVitnesses I 1 JOHN J; WALTER, CoLIN D. SMITH;

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