US983426A - Elevator-operating mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

E. 'GARLSON, ELEVATOR OPERATING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED TEILZI', 1910.

Patented Feb.'?, 1911.

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. E. GARLSON. ELEVATOR OPERATING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED M341, 1910.

983,426. Patented Feb. 7, 1911.

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11.0A11LS011. v ELEVATOR OPERATING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED I'EB.21, 1910.

983,426. Patented Feb.7, 1911.

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UNITED STATES. PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN CARLSON, OI? MINNEAPOLIS, MINNEQOTA.

ELEVATOR-OPERATING MECHANISM.

983,426. Specification of Lettera I'atent. Patented :F b, 7, 1911,

Application filed Februarym, 1910. Serial No. 544,995.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it'known that I,- EDWIN citizen of the United States, Minneapolis, inthe county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elevator-Operating Mechanism; and I do here by declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

-My invention relates generally to the improvement of the construction of hydraulic elevators, but more particularly to those of the passenger type, and has for its object,

rst, to provide an improved counter-balancing device and,=second', 'to provide an auxiliary power mechanism for 'use in case of an emergency.

To the above ends, the invention consists of the novel devices and combinations of de- Figs. 2 and 3, and the attic floor is indicated by the'numeral 2 in Fig. 1. Customary vertical car guides or rails 3 are locatedat opposite sides of the elevator shaft andextend from the top to the bottom thereof. The elevator car is indicated as an entiret bly the numeral 4' and it is provided with t e usual operating lever 5, which, at its CARLsoN, a residing at pivoted end, carries two tightening rollers 6 and 7.

The car is suspended by a the upper portion of which runs over a guide wheel 9, journaled in suitable bearings on a supporting beam 10 that crosses the elevator shaft 1 at a point above the floor 2. Located in the elevator shaft, back of the line of travel of the ear, is'a cross head frame 11, which carries a multiplicity of counter-weights 12 and is guided for vertical movements by a fixed rectangular cross head guide 13. To the u per-end of the. cross head frame 11 is rigid y secured a longviceshereinafter described and defined in piston or plunger 14, that works in along the claims. cylinder 15 secured to, and extending up- In the accompanying drawings which ward from, the upper portion of the fixed illustrate the invention, like characters incross head guide 13. Cable-g'uiding wheels dicate like parts throughout the several 6 are journaled to the intermediate porviews. I tion of the cross head 11, and another cable'-- Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a guiding wheel 17 is journaled to a suitable view, partly in vertical section and partly in diagram, illustratin ,the several features of my invention app ied to, or incorporated in, a hydraullc elevator, some parts being broken away; Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic plan View showing a car and the inrmediate associated parts; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken approximately on the line 00 m of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view in side elevation, showing a portion of an elevator car, the controlling cables, the controlling lever and certain valve mechanism, some parts being shown in section and. some parts being broken away Fig. 5 is a fragmentary View in rear anchormg frame '18 rigidly secured at a point not far from the upper extremit of the elevator shaft and at a oint back 0 the line of travel of the car. he car hoisting cable 8 is passed over the uide wheels 16 and 1.7 and, at its lower en is anchored to. the said frame 18. The above described arrangement of the hoisting cable and guides multiplies the movement of the car in respect to the cross head 11, preferably,- about four to one.

The upper extremity of the cylinder 15 is connected by a pipe 19 to the intermediate portibn of the main operating valve 20, one side of which is connected by a pipe 21 to a compression tank 22, and the other side of which is connected by a pipe 23 to the upper portion of a water supply tank 24. The

elevation of certain of the parts shown in Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken ap proximately on the line on as of Fig. 1, some parts being broken away; and Fig. 7 is a v detail in horizontal section taken on the line to'a power-driven pump 26, which, in turn, is connected by a pipe 27 to t'hecompressiou tank 22. Located in the pipe 19 is a nor mally open cut-off valve 28, which is adapted to be operated in the customary way by. an endless cable 29 mounted to run 0181' guide sheaves 30provided with stops 31 and subl .23 ar'pf Fig. 6. i l As illustrated in the drawings, the tanks and controlling valve mechanism are lo cated near the roof or tremity of the elevator shaft 11's indicated l above the upper exshaft. The elevator' diagrammatically 111 pairs 'of idle cable lifting cable 8,,

water tank Qt'is also connected'by a pipe 25 armed lever 34; customary opposing coiled (grating guide sheaves nisms which embody Asis well known,;an elevator lifted by a 25 cable requires a variable counterpoising de-' secured a depending lower end of which is securedi of the cylinder 'of, the said cylinder;

(at which time, 60 to its lowermost position), the water will be pressed air 651 car is at its lowermost position (atwhich ject to an arm 32 carried'by 11. The main operating valve 20 has. the

customary operating valverod 33', which is subject to the lower extremity of a foursprings 35 are interposed between said lever and stops 36 fixed on the" said valve rod.

The usual elevator controlling cables 37 and 38are attached, at.theiruippe'rends, to the upwardly; proJecting arms of" the lever 34,

'and at their lower ends, they'are 'anchored'in the customary way to the bottom of the ele- ,vatorshaft. Thevcable 37 ,is passed under oneand over. the other of over one and under the other of the coop- The construction so far described' in detail isstandard or wellknown hydraulic elevator mechanism, and the operation be brieflystated laterpn in'vconnection with the description, of" the cooperating mechamy invent:i'on;.

. vice to ofisettheincreasing cable weight added to the car under downward, movement and decreasing cable weight on the car under upward movement of the car.

' and the 'mostcertain of devised is probably,

Oneof the principal features of my inventio'nis directed to the provision of an improved variable or compensating elevator counter oising device,rand this device prefand pneumatic power.

' be 'described.

Tothe lower end of, the cross head 11, is

39," that works. in a longcylinder 40, the

'to the bottom of the elevator shaft. The plu'n r 39 is of considerable less diameter thantt e-Zinterior 40, stufiing box 41 at. the extreme upperportion The numeral,42 indicates a long pipe which extends from the cylinder upward to apoint above the floor 2, or above the upper extremity ofthe elevator shaft, and, as shown,

tank 44'. The cylinder 40 and the pipe 42 contain water in such. .a quantity that,.w-hen vthe car is. moved to its uppermost position the cross head 11 is moved forced upward in the-said pipe 42 and, pref- I era-bly, through the branch pipe 43 nearly or quite into the lower portion of the comtank 44. \Vhen, however, the

, sas es the cross head position),

ing actionof the cable the lever. actuated. 15 guide sheaves 6, whilethe cable 38 is passed .the column of water in the thereof will Various de-. 30 viceshave been. provided for this purpose such devices hitherto found in the extensively usedcounterpoisingchain,

.42. This variation may plunger or long piston I and it worksthrough a is connected by a v branch pipe 43 to an air storage compression 3 h i l time, the cross head 11 is at its uppermost I the water will fall very greatly within the pipe 42. It will thus be seen that the varying altitude of the-column of water in the pipe 42 will, to a considerable extent, compensate for the varying counter-weight- 8 on the car. To give the required pressure of this counter-balancing column by the altitude ofthe counterbalancing column alone would require a stand pipe 42 of too great a height for practical purposes and, hence, the said pipe is connected to the air stora e or compression tank 44 and air, under igh pressure, is maintained in thesaid tank. \Vhen the elevator car 4 is at its lowermost position and the cross head 11 is at its uppermost position, stand pipe 42 will and, at this time,

be at its lowest altitude,

the pressure exerted on the top of the water column by the air fi'omthe tank 44 will be, say, approximately one hundred fifty pounds, while, when the car is raised and the cross head ll'jis lowered, the column of water in the stand pipe 42 will be at its greatestheight and the pressure on the upper portion thereof by the air from the tank 44 will then be, say, approximately two hundred pounds. The variation of the pressure of the column-of water pin the piston 39 within the cylinder 40 is then due, both to the variation of the altitude of the column of water and to the increased put upon the air in the tank 44 when the cplumn of water is raised in the stand pipe 4 be so regulated that it will properly counter-balance the varying weight or the varying counter-weighting action of the lifting cable under vertical movements of the elevator car.

' The auxiliary power device preferably utilizes the stand pipe 42 and, furthermore, serves to maintain the proper compression of air in the tank 44. This device, as shown, comprises an air pump 45 of any suitable construction and driven in any suitable way and is connected by a pipe 46 to an air supply reservoir 47. This air reservoir is connected by a pipe 48 to one extremity of a valve casing 49,. the other extremity of which casing opens t the atmosphere through a nozzle 50, and the intermediate portion of which casing is connected to a pipe 51 which, as shown, constitutes the upper end extension of the stand \pipe 42. A valve 52 normally closes a passa e in the casing-49 between the pipe 48 and the intermediate section of said casing; and a simcompression the lever 34 will engage the same only when which is connected and the other end of the rod 56 is passed loosely through a perforation in the upwardly extending arm of the heretofore described fournrmed lever 34:, and, on Qpbosite sides of the lever arm, said rod is pro-.

vided with stop collars or nuts 57, which latter are so spaced that the upper arm of the said lever is given an extreme movement, but will not engage the same under such movements of said lever 3% as required to properly actuate the main operating valve stem The pipe 48' is preferably connected by upper portion of the pipe 51, 58 is provided with. a check valve. 59 which will permit air'to be forced upward from the stand pipe into the air supply tank 47, but will check or prevent a reverse flow of the air.

A pipe (30 connects the air supply tank l? to the compression tank 22, and this pipe 60 is provided with a normally closed valve 61. ll'henever an additional supply of air is desired in the compression tank :22, it may be ati'orded by opening 'up' the valve ('51, thereby letting in air from the air supply tank 47. It will thus be seen that the 00111 mon or single air pump 45* supplies air either directly or indirectly ply tank' 47, to the main air compression chamber 522 and to the compression tank 44; For the purpose of illustration, we will assume that a pressure of two hundred pounds is maintained in the reservoirs oi tanks 22 and 4:7. I

The manner, in which the elevator car is variably counterpoised by the column of water in the stand pipe 4-2 and by the air pressure in the reservoir or tank 44, which counter-poising action compensates for the varying counter-weighting action of the hoisting cable 8 of the car, has'already been noted.

At times during the day, when the service is heavy, the car will loaded or loaded to such an extent that the primary power, as applied to the cylinder 15 and to the piston 14, will not be sufficient to lift the heavily loaded car, and, at such a time, the auxiliary power device, all orded by the air stored in the reservoir 47, may be rendered temporarily effective to raise the loaded car. When such a loaded car is at the bottom of the shaft, thecross head 11 will be in its uppermost position and the column of water in the stand pipe/i2 will be in its minimum altitude, but the pressure of the air on this column of water, supplied from the reservoir 44, will be at minimum, or, as assumed, will exert approximately one hundred fifty pounds per square inch, under upward pressure on the cross head piston or plunger 39. This upward pressure on the to one end of a rod 56,

a branch pipe to the? and this pipe to the air supsometimes be over-' ment to the four-armed lever 34,

said piston -39 then acts as a counter-force resisting upward movement of the elevator car. The auxiliary power device, when thrown into action at this time, ten'lporarily releases this one hundred fifty pounds pressure on the piston 39 and correspondingly increases the lifting power of the cylinder 15 and the piston 14. The above noted release of the air pressure isletlected by an extreme movementof the car-controlling lever 5 in a direction from left toward the right in respect. to Fig. 4,, which movement of the said lever tightens the controlling cable 38 and imparts an extreme oscillatory movethereby, vvith an approximately simultaneous action, opens the valve oi: the auxiliary power device valve .stem 3 a 'uiovenieut required to admit the water under pressure, through the controlling valve 20 and the pipe 19, into the upper end of the main cylinder 15. As is evident, the above noted opening of the valve 53- pern'iits the escape of the air pres sure from the stand pipe 42 to the atmosphere with the result above noted. a

When the car is raised and it is desired to move the same downward, the controlling leverti is given an'extreme movement from the righttoward the left in respect to Fig. -l, thereby imparting to the main controlling valve stem 33 a movement required to connect the pipe 19 to the discharge pipe 23 and, approximately simultaneously therewith,'closing the valve 53 and opening the valve 52 of the said auxiliary power device.- When the valve 52 is thus opened, the pressure from the charging tank 47 restores the normal pressure within the stand pipe,; .4=2 and the compression tank-44. This auxiliary power device is intended only for occasional use and is especially to keep thejcar in service, even when overlo'aded, thereby making it unnecessary, as is frequently the casein elevator service, to stop the car in order thatthe car Ward.-

What I claim is:

may be moved up- 1. The combination with an elevatorcar' and means for raising and lowering the same, of car, comprising a cylinder and a piston, a stand pipe extending upward from said cyl inder, and an air compression chamber conneeted to the upper end portion of. said stand pipe, substantially asdescribed.

2. The combination with an. elevator-car and means for raising and lowering the same, of a counter-balancing device 01; said car, comprising a cylinder and a piston; one of which'is fixed and the other of which is subject to movement of said car, a stand pipe extending upward from said cylinder, said cylinder and stand pipe containing a liquid,

and request one or more persons to step out of the car and imparts to the main controlling a counter-balancing device for said same, of a cylinder and a piston adapted to and an air compression reservoir connected to the upperportion of said stand pipe and containing air under pressure;

3. The combination with an elevator car and means for raising and lowering the same, of a counter-poising device for said car, comprising a cylinder and a piston, one of which is subject car, and an air storage to said cylinder and affording a variable pressure on said piston. v

4. The combination with an GlBVtLtOl car and means for raising and lowering the resist upward movement of said car, an air reservoir, a pipe connecting said reservoir to' said cylinder, a valve mechanism in said pipe, arranged to open communication be-.

tween said reservoir and cylinder to admit I exhaust and thereby air which will resist upward movements of said car, and movable'to open said pipe to decrease the normal resistance against upward movement of said elevator car, substantially as described.

5. Thecombination with an elevator car and means for raising and lowering the same, of an auxiliary mechanism including means for supplying pneumatic power, adapted to be mani ulated to increase the elevating capacity 0 the cooperating-mechanism, substantially as described.

iary to movement of said I reservoir connected cylinder,

6. The combination with and means for raising and lowering the same, said means being subject to a common controller carried by said car, of an auxiling pneumatic force, operative'to increase the lifting capacity of the elevator mechanism and subject to movements of the said common controller on the car, substantially as described.

7. The combination with an elevator car and means for raising and lowering the same, of a car counter-balancing mechanism comprising a cylinder and a piston, one 0 .Which is subject to movements of the car,

two air storage reservoirs connected to said one thereof serving as a supply res- ;ervoir and the other as a compression reservoir', and valve mechanism arranged to be manipulated by the part carried on the car and operative in one position to connect said supply reservoir to said cylinder, and in another position exhaust, substantially as described.

In tcstimon whereof I afiix my signature in presence 0 two witnesses.

EDWIN CARLSON.

Witnesses HARRY D. KILGORE, F. D. MERCHANT.

mechanism including means for supply-- an elevator car to open said cylinder to

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