US980444A - Vacuum drying apparatus. - Google Patents

Vacuum drying apparatus. Download PDF

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Publication number
US980444A
US980444A US38913107A US1907389131A US980444A US 980444 A US980444 A US 980444A US 38913107 A US38913107 A US 38913107A US 1907389131 A US1907389131 A US 1907389131A US 980444 A US980444 A US 980444A
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drum
shell
cylinder
drying
dried
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US38913107A
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Oliver S Sleeper
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BUFFALO FOUNDRY Co
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BUFFALO FOUNDRY Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • F26B5/041—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum for drying flowable materials, e.g. suspensions, bulk goods, in a continuous operation, e.g. with locks or other air tight arrangements for charging/discharging

Definitions

  • a rial n vacuo may be effected continuously.V
  • the object of this invention is the production of a machine of this character which is eiicient in operation, which has a lar e capacity, which can be readily regulate and controlled and which can be conveniently dismembered and assembled for cleaning or repairs.
  • Figure 1 vis a vertical longitudinal section of' my improved' vacuum drier.
  • Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the machine in line 2
  • Fio. 3 is a fragmentary horizontal section in l1ne BH3, Fig. 5.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 are vertical transverse sections in lines 4-4 and 5-5, Fig. l, respectively.
  • Figs. 6 and 7 are fragmentary longitudinal sections, on an enlarged scale, taken in the correspondingly numbered lines in Fig. 1 and showing the end Scrapers of the drying surface.
  • Figs. 8 and 9 are vertical transverse sections, on an enlarged scale, taken in the correspondingly numbered lines in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section of one of the feed or supply nozzles and valves, on an enlarged scale.
  • Fig. 11 is a detached longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, of part of the main scraper adjusting mechanism.
  • this vacuum drier comprises an annular inclosing shell or housing, a drying drum rotating Within the shell, means for delivering the material to be dried on the drum, means for removing the dried material from the drum, means for heating Ithe drum, and means for creating a vacuum in a shell and carrying away the vapors evaporated from the material under treatment.
  • the inclosing shell preferably consists of outer and inner shell sections the outer shell A of any section comprising a cylindrical body A ⁇ which is arranged horizontally, a head a secured to therear end of the body and an inwardly projecting, annular ian e a1 arranged at the lfront end of said ody, and
  • the inner shell section comprising an inner cylindrical body B arran ed eccentrically within the outer cylinder so that its substantially horizontal op osite sides are one nearest to"the outer cylinder and the other farthest from the outer c linder,a rear head b closing the rear end o the inner cylinder and an outward projecting annular flange b1 arranged at the front end of the inner cylinder and detachablyg secured by bolts c or otherwise to the outer side of the front flange on the outer cylinder.
  • A- drying chamber or space is thus formed between the -two shell sections which is of cup-shaped form the-main portion D of which is substantially cylindrical and one end of this cyllndrlcal space being connected by a domeshaped space d between the rear heads of the inner and outer shell sections.
  • the outer shell section is stationary and rigidly su ported upon a main frame E which may e suitable or approved construction.
  • the inner shell section 1s preferablymounted upon a movable support so that the same when disconnected from the outer shell section may be moved into and out of its operative position when the machine requires dismembering and assembling for cleaning or repairing the same.
  • This movable support preferably consists of a car, truck or.
  • dryingr drum com rises a cylindrical body which is arrange between the outer land inner shell sections concentrically with the outer shell section.
  • the drying cylindel: Gr is surrounded by a cylindrical jacket g forming a heating space between these parts which receives steam or other heating medium for drying the material deposited upon the drying cylinder.
  • the drying cylinder is secured to a su porting head I-I which is arran ed within the dome between the rear hea s ⁇ of the inner and outer shell sections of the dryin chamber.
  • This supporting head is provi ed centrally on its lrear side in a rearwardly projecting trunnion ll1. which is journaled in a bearino it?
  • Motion may be transmitted to this trunnion by any suitable means for rotating the supporting head, drying cylinder and jacket, that Shown in the drawings being suitable for this purpose and consisting of a transverse driving shaft h2 journaled horizontally on the main frame, a driving pulley k3 arranged on one end of the driving shaft and a worm It* secured to the driving shaft and meshing with a worm Wheel h5 on the rear end of the trunnion.
  • the drying cylinder and jacket are supported by two rollers or wheels I, I1 which are mounted on the lower part of the outer shell section and engage with-the lower part of an external annular ange z' at the front end of the jacket, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4.
  • These rollers are arranged on horizontally opposite sides of the axis of the drying chamber and drying cylinder but the right roller I1 is arranged farther from said axis than the left roller I so as to compensate for the extra downward pressure vwhich is exerted on this side of the inner shell section by the scraping devices which remove the dried product from the drying cylinder and which are located substantially on that side of the inner shell section where the same approaches most closely to the drying cylinder.
  • Each of these supporting rollers is preferably mounted on a block l which is inserted through an opening 2 in the lower side of the outer shell sectlon and which is held in place by means of bolts 3 or similar fastenings connecting flanges 4, 5 formed on said block and on the ⁇ outer shell section around the roller o ening, as shown in Fig. 4:.
  • the pre erred means for conducting the Steam into the heating jacket and withdrawing the water of condensation therefrom are constructed as follows :-J represents a stav tionary steam inlet chamber secured to the main frame and receiving the rear end of the trunnion.
  • the latter is hollow so as to form a longitudinal supply conduit or' head and communicate at their outer ends y with the heating jacket, threel of such branch conduits being preferably employed, as shown in Fig. 5.
  • a return plpe for the water of condensation Arranged axially within the trunnion 1s a return plpe for the water of condensation, this return pipe being of smaller diameter than the bore of the trunnion so as to leave an annular space between the same forming the passage j for the steam to the drying cylinder.
  • the return pipe is secured at its front end to the supportin head so as to turn therewith while its lntermediate part passes throu h and rotates within a stuiing box k1 on t e rear side of inlet chamber and its rear end asses through and turns in a stufiing box /l ormed on a stationary outlet chamber K with which the rear end of the return pipe communicates.
  • a steam trap of any suitable and approved construction is connected with the outlet K in a manner well known in this type of machines and like machines in which the same conditions exist.
  • a branch return pipe k3 Extending radially inward from the heating jacket to the front end of the return pipe is a branch return pipe k3 which is formed in the supporting head of the drum.
  • the steam entering the inlet chamber J passes through the trunnion, thence through the branch pipes j2 into the heating jacket whereby the drying cylinder is heated.
  • a poc iet la* is formed on the rear or trailing side of the branch return pipe in which the water lodges and is caught as the branch ipe rises, which water cannot again escape t rough the inlet of this branch pipe but is directed by the rear or trailing wall of the same toward the main return plpe.
  • a gutter or scoop la? is arranged lengthwise between the jacket and drying cylinder and communicates at its rear end with the inlet of the -branch return pipe or passage.
  • This gutter or scoop is arranged at an angle to the axis of rotation so that as it rises with the drying cylinder and jacket on the upwardly moving left side of the same the front end of this scoop is higher than its rear end, thereby causing any water which it picks up while in its lowermost position to How rearwardly and downwardly into the branch return pipe.
  • the means for delivering the liquid or material to be dried upon the drying cylinder are constructed as follows z-L represents an* inwardly offset portion formed lengthwise on the lower part of the inner shell section of the drying chamber.
  • Z represents a plurality of liquid feed' or supply nozzles which are arranged in a row lengthwise of the machine and each arranged tangentially relatively to the axis of rotation of the drying c vlmder and jacket and terminating with its delivery end adjacent to the lowermost part of the bore or inner side of the drying cylinder while its receiving end passes through an opening in the offset of the inner shell section in which it is secured by a screw joint and by a jam nut Z1 applied to the nozzle and bearing against the under side of the oil'set.
  • a longitudinal manifold or main liquid supply pipe Z2 which is connected with the outer end of each feed nozzle by means of a port Z3 in its side while its front end is connected by any suitable means with a reservoir or other means for supplying the liquid or material which is to be ⁇ dried.
  • a needle valve Z4 which is formed on a threaded valve stem Z5 arranged diametrically in the manifold and working in a screw threaded opening formed in the same opposite the respective port.
  • this valve stem Upon turning this valve stem in one direction or the other its valve will be moved toward or from the seat formed around the corresponding port, thereby regulating the discharge of liquid from the manifold to the nozzle and upon the bore of the drying cylinder accordingly.
  • the needle valve After adjustment the needle valve is held in position by a jam nut Z applied to the outer part of its stem and bearing against the outer side of the man1- t'old. As the drying cylinder rotates thel downwardly on the right side thereof, dur
  • M represents an exhaust or vapor pipe arranged lengthwise within the inner shell section and communicating at one side by means of a number or openings m with the drying chamber or space while its outer or front end is adapted to be connected with a condenser, vacuum pump, or other exhausting device whereb a vacuum is created in the drying cham er and the vapors or moisture laden air are withdrawn from the interior of the drying chamber, thereby expediting the drying of the material under treatment.
  • This eXhaustpipe or conduit is located adjacent to the upper left side of the inner shell cylinder about one third of a circle from the place where the li uid is deposited upon the bore of the drying c linder.
  • the material to be ried is deposited on the drying cylinder adjacent to one end of this wide space and the vapors are removed adjacent to the other end of this wide space, whereby the evaporationV of the material in this location can proceed with the greatest freedom from the time the same is deposited on the drying cylinder by the nozzles until the same reaches the vapor pipe and the greatest exhausting area is available, thereby permitting the moisture or vapors given o" from the drying liquidto be carried away promptly and enabling the drying of the material to be eiected expeditiously.
  • the vapors from the material to be dried are conned between the inner shell cylinder and the drying cylinder by means of stationary front and rear guard rings N, N1.
  • front ring N is secured with its inner edge to an external annular flange n at the front end of the cylindrical body of the inner shell and is fitted with its peripheral edge close to a filling ring n* secured to the front end of the drying cylinder.
  • 'lhe rear guard ring N1 is secured at its inner edge to an external annular' flange n at the rear end of the inner shell cylinder and is fitted with its peripheral edge close to an internal annular fiange n3 formed on the rear head ofthe drying cylinder adjacent to the joint between these parts.
  • the bore of the guard rings is concentric with the inner cylinder ⁇ but the eriphery thereof is concentric with the rying cylinder, as shown in Figs. 4, 8 and 9. Closures are thus formed between the inner cylinder and the drying cylinder at both ends thereof Awhich confine the vapors between the same but permit the drying cylinder to rotate freely.
  • the scraping and delivery devices for this purpose shown in the drawings are constructed as followstw-0 represents a longitudinal delivery chamber for the dried material which is arranged on the right side of the inner cylinder opposite l said chamber are withdrawn therefrom.
  • a scraper comprising an outwardly inclined su porting plate P which is hinged or pivote engthwise at its lower inner edge to the upper edge of the outer wall of the trough and a knife or blade p mounted on the upper outer edge of the supporting plate and bearin against the bore of the drying cylinder.
  • e blade preferably rests on the u per side of the supporting plate and is hel in place by a clamping plate p1 engaging with the upper side of the blade and screws or bolts p2 connecting the supporting and clamping lates, as shown in Figs. 2, 8 and 9.
  • a deflectingplate p* is secured to the supporting plate so as to extend from the clamping plate inwardly bcyond the hinge p3, as shown in Figs. 2, 8 and 9.
  • a yielding pressure is applied to the scraper for holding the same reliably in engagement with the drying drum and also to compensate for any unevenness of surface and any lateral movement of the drying cylinder and shell relatively to each other which is liable to occur when the building containing the machine vibrates.
  • the means for this purpose shown in the drawings, as an example, are ,preferred and constructed as' follows
  • Q represents a plurality of adjusting spindles or rods arranged in a longitudinal row and extending transversely through stuliing boxes in the inner wall of the delivery chamber each adjusting rod being connected at its inner end with the adjacent part of the scraper supporting plate by a link g1.
  • These links have their upper edges tapered so as to form cuttin edges, as shown at g2 in Fig.
  • each adjusting rod Q is arranged within a hollow adjusting screw R which works in a standard 1 mounted on the exterior of the delivery chamber.
  • a shoulder or screw nut 1'1 which is adapted to engage with the inner end of the adjustin screw.
  • 12 represents a coil spring surroun ing the inner part of each adjusting rod and bearing at its outer end against the respective screwnut r1 and at its inner end against a cross piece r3 movable lengthwise on the inner end of the adjusting rod.
  • Tie rods S arranged on opposite sides of the adjusting rod connect at their outer ends i with the adjusting screw R while their inner the inner side of Said cross piece, as shown in Figs. 8 and 11.
  • Each of the adjusting screws R is provided at its inner end with a handle or hand wheel r4 for manipulating the same.
  • annular inclined faces or fillets t, t1 At opposite ends of the drying surface of the drum the same is provided with annular inclined faces or fillets t, t1.
  • the ends of the main scraper blade are correspondingly beveled to fit said faces, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the front fillet t is preferably formed on the filling ring n1 and the yrear fillet t1 on the flange n3 of the drum head H, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • front and rear auxiliary scrapers- U, Ul are provided. These Scrapers are arranged at the front and rear ends of the annular drying space immediately above the main scraper and have straight and bevel edges u, u1 which engage with the straight inner side and the beveled face of the respective guard ring and fillet, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7 whereby these Scrapers extend across the joints between said guard rings and the drying drum.
  • rllhe auxiliary Scrapers are inclined so as to direct the material which they remove from the guard rings and fillets to the main scraper and each auxiliary Scraper is held yieldingly in its operative osition by means of a transverse rod or sha t u2 journaled in stuffing boxes and bearings us, u* on the inner shell section and carrying the respective scraper at its outer end, an arm us secured to the inner end of the scraper rod, and a weight u Secured to said arm and operating to press the companion sera er against the respective guard ring and fillet.
  • a longitudinal'screw conveyer which as its shaft fu journaled in bearings at opposite ends of the trough.
  • the outer or front end of the latter is provided with a depending discharge spout o1.
  • Athe material falling into the trough is carried forwardly therein and discharged through the spout thereof.
  • the latter is provi ed with a tra or valve of any suitable construction w ich permits the dried material to escape but prevents the admission of air so that the vacuum in the drying space is not destroyed.
  • the valve shown in the application for atent filed by lmyselfl July 20, 1907, Serial o. 384,744, is suitable for this purpose.
  • a ongitudinal row of transparent observation panes or windows w are placed in the lower part of the inner shell cylinder, and similar rows of windows w1, lw2 are arranged in the inner wall of the delivery chamber ⁇ O below and above the scraper adjusting devices.
  • the lower windows lw permit of observing the discharge of the material to be dried from the supply nozzles and the intermediate and upper rows of windows '101,102 enable the working of the Scrapers and conveyer and the condition-of the dried material to be observed so that the machine can be adjusted when this is found necessary.
  • wipers or cleaners W are provided which may be moved over the inner side of the window anes when required.
  • Each of these wipers is connected by an arm 'ws with a rotatable spindle w4 which is journaled in a bearing or stuffing box 'L05 on the inner wall of the delivery chamber and provided outside of the shell with a handle w6 for manipulating the wiper.
  • the arms of the wipers of two adjacent windows are connected with one operating spindle but if desired each wiper may be operated individually by an operating spindle.
  • m represents a vacuum gage which is con- ⁇ nected with the drying space or vacuum" chamber and indicates the atmospheric .pressure under which the apparatus is working.
  • a vent valve y On one or both sides of the outer shell section is arranged a vent valve y by means of with the front end of its.
  • the machine canl be readily cleaned when desired thus enabling ⁇ the drying operation to be conducted under ⁇ absolutely sanitary conditions.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shell, a rotatable drum arranged with said shell, means for heatingthe drum, means for delivering the material to be dried on the inner side of said drum simultaneously throughout the len th thereof, and means for removing the ried material from the inner side of said drum simultaneously throughout the length thereof, substantially asset forth.
  • a drier comprising an-inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device, a drum rotatable in said shell, means for heating said drum, means for depositing out the length thereof, substantially as set the material to be dried on the inner side of the drum simultaneously throughout the length thereof, and means for removing the dried material from theinner side of said drum simultaneously throughout the length thereof, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device, a drum rotatable in said shell, means for heating said drum, a plurality of supply nozzles for depositing the material to be dried on the inner side ofthe drum simultaneously throughout the length thereof, and a'scraper for removing the dried material from the inner side of said drum simultaneously throughout the length thereof, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell, means for heating said drum, means for depositing the material to be dried -on the inner lower side of said drum simultaneously throughout the length thereof, and means for removing the dried material from the inner lateral side thereof simultaneously throughout the length thereof, substantiall as set forth.
  • a drier comprising a perspectiveal cylin- ⁇ drical shell, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell, means for heating said drum, comprising a heating jacket surrounding the drum, means for depositing the material to be dried on the inner lower side of said drum simultaneously throughout the -length thereof, and means for removing the dried material from the inner lateral side thereof simultaneously throughout the length thereof, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell and provided with a heating jacket, a trunnion connected with one end of the drum and journaled in a bearing at one end of the shell and provided with a longitudinal iconduit for supplying the heating medium to said jacket, rollers supporting the drum at the opposite end of its periphery, means for deposltinfrlthe material to be dried on the inner side of said drum, and means for removing the dried material from the inner -side of said drum, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable insaid shell, a trunnion connected with one end of the drum and journaled in a bearing in the adjacent end of the shell, a heating jacket surrounding ,the drum, means for conducting the heating medium to said jacketcomprising conduits arranged in said trunnion,means for depositin the material to be dried on the inner si e of said drum and means for removing the dried material .from the inner side of said drum, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell having a head, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell and having a head, a trunnion arran ed on the drum head and journaled in a earing in the shell head, a heating jacket surrounding the drum, means for conducting the heating medium into said jacket comprising conduits arranged in said trunnionand drum head, means for depositing the material to .be dried on the inner side of said drum, and means for removing the dried material from the inner side of said drum, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising a horizontal c lindrical shell having a head, a horizonta cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell and having a head, a trunnion arran ed on the drum head and journaled in a arin in the shell head, a heating jacket surrounding the drum, means for conducting steam into said jacket and delivering the water of condensation therefrom comprising a main steam supply, conduit arranged lengthwise within the trunnion, a branch steam su ply conduit extending laterally in said rum head from the main steam supply conduit to said jacket, a main condensation delivery conduit arranged within the main steam supply conduit and a branch condensation de ivery conduit extending laterally in said drum head from the main condensation delivery conduit to said jacket, Imeans for depositing the material to be dried on the drum and means for removing the dried material from the drum, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell having a head, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell and having a head, a trunnion arranged on the drum head and journaled in a bearing in the shell head, a heating jacket surrounding the drum, means for conducting steam into said jacket and delivering the water of condensa-A tion therefrom comprising a main steam supply conduit arranged lengthwise within thetrunnion, a branch steam supply conduit ex ending laterally in said drum head from 'ine main steam supply conduit to said jacket, -a main condensation delivery conduit arranged within the main steam supply conduit, a branch condensation delivery conduit extending laterally in said drum head from the main condensation delivery conduit to said jacket, a .stationary steam supply chamber which communicates with said main steam supply conduit, and a stationary condensation delivery chamber which communicates with said main condensation delivery conduit, means for depositing the material to be dried on the drum and means for removing the dried material from the drum, substantially'as set forth.
  • a drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell having a head, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell and having a head, a trunnion arranged on the drum head and journaled in a bearing in the shell head, a heating jacket surrounding the drum, means for conduct-.ing steam into said jacket and delivering the water of condensation therefrom comprising a main steam supply conduit arranged lengthwise within the trunnion, a branch steam supply conduit extending laterally in said drum head from the main steam supply conduit to said jacket, a main condensation delivery conduit arranged within the main steam supply conduit, a branch condensation delivery conduit extending laterally in said drum head from the main condensation delivery conduit to said jacket, and having an enlar ement extending backwardly from its in et, means for Vdepositing the material to be dried on the drum and means for removingthe dried material from the drum, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell having a head, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell and having a head, a trunnion arran ed on the drum head and journaled in a carin in the shell head, a heating jacket surrounding the drum, means for.
  • conducting steam into said jacket and delivering the water of condensation therefrom comprising a main steam supply conduit arranged lengthwise within the trunnion, a branch steam su ply conduit extending laterally in said rum head from the main steam supply conduit to said jacket, a main condensation delivery conduit arranged within the Amain steam supply conduit a branch condensation delivery conduit extendin laterally in said drum head from the main condensation delivery conduit to said jacket, and a scoop arranged lengthwise in said jacket and communicating at one end with the inlet of said branch condensation delivery conduit,means for depositing the material to be dried on the d-rum and means for removing the dried material from the drum, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell having a head, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell and having a head, a trunnion arranged on the drum head and j ournaled in a bearing in the shell head, a heating jacket surrounding the drum, means for conducting steam into said jacket and delivering the water of condensation therefrom comprising a main steam supply conduit arranged lengthwise within the trunnion, a branch steam supply conduit extending laterally in said drum head from the main steam supply conduit to said jacket, a main condensation delivery conduit arranged within the main steam supply conduit a branch condensation delivery conduit extending laterally in said drum head from the main condensation delivery conduit to said jacket, and a scoop arranged lengthwise in said jacket and at an angle to the axis of the drum and communicating at one end with the inlet of said branch condensation delivery conduit, means for depositing the material to be dried on the drum and means for removin the dried material from the drum, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of said cylinders 'and a connect-ion between vthe fro-nt ends of the cylinders.
  • a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable between said 'shell cylinders, means for heating said drum,
  • a drying drum having a cyllnder rotatable betweensaid shell cylinders, means for heating said drum, means for depositing en the drum the material to be dried, means for removing the dried material from the drum, al1 exhaust pipe arranged lengthwise of the inner shellcylinder and connected at its side with the interior ofthe shell and adapted to be connectediat one end with an exhausting device, and guard rings mounted at opposite ends of the inner shell cylinder and forming closures at these points between the inner shell cylinder and the drum, substantially as set' forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shell having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of said cylinders and a connection between the front ends of the cylinders, a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable between said shell cylinders, means for heating said drum, means for depositing on the drum the material to.
  • an exhaust pipe arranged lengthwise of the inner shell cylinder and connected at its side with the interior of the shell and adapted to be connected at one end with an exhausting device, a filling ring arranged at thefront end of the drum cylinder, a ⁇ front guard ring arranged at the front end of the inner shell cylinder and extending close to the filling ring, and a rear guard ring mounted on the rear end of the inner shell cylinder and extending to a flange within the rear part of the drum, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shell dried on the drum cylinder, and meansA mounted on the inner shell cylinder for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shell adaptedto be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a connection vbetween the l front ends of said cylinders, a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable betweenr the shell cylinders, means mounted on the inner shell cylinder for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder, comprising a plurality of supply nozzles projecting through the lower part of the inner shell c linder, a suppl manifold connecting sai nozzles and 1n ividual valves for said nozzles, and means mounted on the inner shell, cylinder for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder, substautially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a connection between the front ends of said cylinders, a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable between the shell cylinders, means mounted on the inner shell cylinder for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder and means for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder comprising a delivery chamber communicating with the interior ofthe shell, and a scraper for removing the dried material fromthe drum cylinder and directing the same into said chamber, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a connection between the front ends of said cylinders, a dryin drum having a cylinder rotatable between t e 'shell cylinders, means mounted on the inner shell c linder'for depositing the material to be drled on the drum cylinder, and means for removing the dried materialfromthe drum cylinder comprising a delivery chamber communicating with the interior of the shell, a scraper for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder and directing the same into said chamber, and a longitudinal conveyer for removing the material from the 4delivery chamber, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclo'sing shell adapted to -be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a connection between the vfront ends of said cylinders, a drying drum hav in cy inders, means mounted on the inner shell cylinders for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder, and means for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder comprising a longitudinal delivery chamber which opens with its upper part into the side of the inner shell cylinder and has a conveyer trough in its lower part, a scraper operating to remove the dried material from the bore of the drum cylinder and direct the same into the conveyei' trough and a screw conveyer arranged in said trough and operating to remove the material therefrom, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an
  • a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable between the shell cylinders, means mounted on the inner shell cylinder for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder, and means for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder comprising a longitudinal delivery chamber communicating with the interior of the shell, and a scraper pivoted at one edge on said chamber while its other ed e bears against the bore of the drum cylin er, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rearl ends of the cylinders and a connection between the ⁇ front ends of said cylinders, a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable between the shell cylinders, means mounted on the inner shell cylinder for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder, and means for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder comprising a longitudinal delivery chamber communicating with the interior of the shell, a scraper'pivoted at oneedge on said chamber while its other edge bears against the bore of the drum cylinder, and means for removing the scraper int-o and out of its operative position, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, .an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends ofthe cylinders and a connection between the front ends of said cylinders, a drying drum havin a cylinder rotatable between the shell cy inders, means mounted on the inner shell a cylinder rotatable between the shell cylinder for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder' and means for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder comprising a longitudinal delivery chamber,communicatingwith the interior of the shell, a scraper pivoted at one edge on said chamber while its other edge bears against the bore of the drum and means for holding the scraper yieldingly in engagement with the bore of the drum cylinder, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shelll adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a connection between the front ends of said cylinders, a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable between the shell cylinders, means mounted on the inner shell cylinder for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder, and means for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder comprising a delivery chamber communicating with the interior of the shell, a scraper pivoted at one edge on said chamber while its other edge bears against the bore of the drum cylinder, and means for adjusting said scraper and holding the same yieldingly in position comprising a plurality of adjusting rods, links connecting said rods with the scraper, adjusting screws working in a wall of the delivery chamber and receiving said adjusting rods,J respectively, and a tension device interposed between said adjusting screw and red, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a connection between the front ends of said cylinders, a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable between the shell cylinders, means mounted on the inner shell cylinder for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder, and means for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder' comprising a delivery chamber communicating with the interior of the shell, a scraper pivoted atone edge on said chamber while its other edge bears against the bore of the drum cylinder, and means for adjusting said scraper and holding the same yieldingly in position comprising a plurality of adjusting rods, links connecting said rods with the scraper, adjusting screws working in a wall of the delivery chamber and receiving said adjusting rods, respectively, av screw nut or shoulder arranged on the intermediate part of each rod and adapted to bear againsta shoulder on the adjusting screw, a cross piece mounted on the
  • 31.'A drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device, a drying drum rotatable within the shell, means for depositing the material to be dried on said drum, means for removing the dried material from the drum, windows arranged in the shell to permit of observing the interior, a wiper for cleaning the Window arranged on the inner side of the same, and a rocking spindle which is journaled on the shell, and which carries said wiper, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having inner and outer cylinders, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a connection at the frontends of the cylinders, a drying drum rotatable within said shell, means for deposit-ing the material to be dried. on the drum, means for removing the dried material from the drum and a movable support on which the inner shell cylinder and its head are mounted, substantially as set forth.
  • 'A drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device andhaving inner and outer horizontal cylinders, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a detachable connection between the front ends of the cylinders, a drying drum rotatable between said cylinders, means for depositing the material to be dried on the drum, means for removing the dried material from the drum, and a carriage supporting said inner cylinder and its head and movable partway ⁇ underneath said outer cylinder, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing'shell having an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged eccentrically within the outer cylinder forming a drying space between same which is narrow on one side and wide means for feeding i on the drying cy nder adjacent to one end 'of the wide portion of the drying space, a
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to beconnected with an exhausting device and having a horizontal outer cylinder and a horizontal inner lcylinder which is arranged cccentrically within the outer cylinder so as to form a drying chamber or space between the same which 1s narrow on one side and wide on the other side, va horizontal drying cylinder rotatable in said space concentrically with said outer cylinder, means for feeding the material to be dried on the lower part of the drying cylinder adjacent to one end of said wide art of said space, a vapor outlet arranged a jacent to the opposite end of the wide part of said space, and means for removing the material to be driedwfrom said drying cylinder arranged in the narrow part of said drying space, substantially as set forth.
  • a drier comprising an inclosing shell and having outer and inner sections which form an annular drying chamber between the sanie,one side of said chamber being narrow and the other side comparatively wide, a drying drum rotatable on said dry ing chamber, means'for depositin the material to be dried on the drum a jacent to one end of the wide part of the drying chamber, and a vapor outlet arranged adjacent to the other end of the wide part of the dryin chamber, and means for removing the dried material from the drum, substantially as set forth.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

0. S. SLEEPER. VACUUM DRYING APPARATUS.
APPLICATION FILED AUG-.19, 1907.
Patented Jan. 3, 1911.
4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.
0. S. SLEEPER.
VACUUM DBYING APPARATUS.
APPLICATION FILED AUG'. 1e, 1907.
Patented Jan.3,1911.
4 BHBETS-BHEET 2.
o. s. SLBBPBR. VACUUM DRYING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19, 1907.
Patented J all. 3, 1911.
4 BHBETB--EHBET 8.
y @um Gol/1^ o.s.sLBEPER.
VACUUM 4BUYING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 1Q, 1907.
PatentedJau. 3, 1911.
4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.
" ETT'ED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE.
OLIVER S. SLEEPER, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOB TO BUFFALO-FOUNDBY GOM- l PANY, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.
VACUUM DBYING APPARATUS.
Specinc'ation of Letters Patent.
Application led August 19, 1907. vSerial No. 389,131.
Patented Jan. 3, 1911.
I Toiall whom 'it may concern:
A rial n vacuo may be effected continuously.V
The object of this invention is the production of a machine of this character which is eiicient in operation, which has a lar e capacity, which can be readily regulate and controlled and which can be conveniently dismembered and assembled for cleaning or repairs.
In the accompanying drawings consisting of 4 sheets: Figure 1 vis a vertical longitudinal section of' my improved' vacuum drier. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the machine in line 2 2, Fig. 4. Fio. 3 is a fragmentary horizontal section in l1ne BH3, Fig. 5. Figs. 4 and 5 are vertical transverse sections in lines 4-4 and 5-5, Fig. l, respectively. Figs. 6 and 7 are fragmentary longitudinal sections, on an enlarged scale, taken in the correspondingly numbered lines in Fig. 1 and showing the end Scrapers of the drying surface. Figs. 8 and 9 are vertical transverse sections, on an enlarged scale, taken in the correspondingly numbered lines in Fig. 1. Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section of one of the feed or supply nozzles and valves, on an enlarged scale. Fig. 11 is a detached longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, of part of the main scraper adjusting mechanism.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.
In its general organization this vacuum drier comprises an annular inclosing shell or housing, a drying drum rotating Within the shell, means for delivering the material to be dried on the drum, means for removing the dried material from the drum, means for heating Ithe drum, and means for creating a vacuum in a shell and carrying away the vapors evaporated from the material under treatment. p
` The inclosing shell preferably consists of outer and inner shell sections the outer shell A of any section comprising a cylindrical body A `which is arranged horizontally, a head a secured to therear end of the body and an inwardly projecting, annular ian e a1 arranged at the lfront end of said ody, and
`the inner shell section comprising an inner cylindrical body B arran ed eccentrically within the outer cylinder so that its substantially horizontal op osite sides are one nearest to"the outer cylinder and the other farthest from the outer c linder,a rear head b closing the rear end o the inner cylinder and an outward projecting annular flange b1 arranged at the front end of the inner cylinder and detachablyg secured by bolts c or otherwise to the outer side of the front flange on the outer cylinder. A- drying chamber or space is thus formed between the -two shell sections which is of cup-shaped form the-main portion D of which is substantially cylindrical and one end of this cyllndrlcal space being connected by a domeshaped space d between the rear heads of the inner and outer shell sections. The outer shell section is stationary and rigidly su ported upon a main frame E which may e suitable or approved construction. The inner shell section 1s preferablymounted upon a movable support so that the same when disconnected from the outer shell section may be moved into and out of its operative position when the machine requires dismembering and assembling for cleaning or repairing the same. This movable support preferably consists of a car, truck or.
carriage e provided on its under side with wheels 1 which run on a track e2 arranged upon the floor or ground. The lower front end of the inner shell section is connected with this car by means of a bracket f extion'relatively to the car in position to balance the weight and to prevent these parts from tipping while being lmoved into and out of their operative position. When the inner shell sectlon is secured within the outer shell section that portion of the car in rear of the bracket f extends rearwardly underneath the outer shell section, as shown in Fig. l. 4
'lhe dryingr drum com rises a cylindrical body which is arrange between the outer land inner shell sections concentrically with the outer shell section. The drying cylindel: Gr is surrounded by a cylindrical jacket g forming a heating space between these parts which receives steam or other heating medium for drying the material deposited upon the drying cylinder. At its rear end the drying cylinder is secured to a su porting head I-I which is arran ed within the dome between the rear hea s `of the inner and outer shell sections of the dryin chamber. This supporting head is provi ed centrally on its lrear side in a rearwardly projecting trunnion ll1. which is journaled in a bearino it? formed centrally on the rear head of the outer shell section. Motion may be transmitted to this trunnion by any suitable means for rotating the supporting head, drying cylinder and jacket, that Shown in the drawings being suitable for this purpose and consisting of a transverse driving shaft h2 journaled horizontally on the main frame, a driving pulley k3 arranged on one end of the driving shaft and a worm It* secured to the driving shaft and meshing with a worm Wheel h5 on the rear end of the trunnion. At its front end the drying cylinder and jacket are supported by two rollers or wheels I, I1 which are mounted on the lower part of the outer shell section and engage with-the lower part of an external annular ange z' at the front end of the jacket, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4. These rollers are arranged on horizontally opposite sides of the axis of the drying chamber and drying cylinder but the right roller I1 is arranged farther from said axis than the left roller I so as to compensate for the extra downward pressure vwhich is exerted on this side of the inner shell section by the scraping devices which remove the dried product from the drying cylinder and which are located substantially on that side of the inner shell section where the same approaches most closely to the drying cylinder. Each of these supporting rollers is preferably mounted on a block l which is inserted through an opening 2 in the lower side of the outer shell sectlon and which is held in place by means of bolts 3 or similar fastenings connecting flanges 4, 5 formed on said block and on the` outer shell section around the roller o ening, as shown in Fig. 4:.
The pre erred means for conducting the Steam into the heating jacket and withdrawing the water of condensation therefrom are constructed as follows :-J represents a stav tionary steam inlet chamber secured to the main frame and receiving the rear end of the trunnion. The latter is hollow so as to form a longitudinal supply conduit or' head and communicate at their outer ends y with the heating jacket, threel of such branch conduits being preferably employed, as shown in Fig. 5. Arranged axially within the trunnion 1s a return plpe for the water of condensation, this return pipe being of smaller diameter than the bore of the trunnion so as to leave an annular space between the same forming the passage j for the steam to the drying cylinder. The return pipe is secured at its front end to the supportin head so as to turn therewith while its lntermediate part passes throu h and rotates within a stuiing box k1 on t e rear side of inlet chamber and its rear end asses through and turns in a stufiing box /l ormed on a stationary outlet chamber K with which the rear end of the return pipe communicates. To prevent steam from escaping from the heating chamber or space of the machine and permit the water of condensation to escape therefrom a steam trap of any suitable and approved construction is connected with the outlet K in a manner well known in this type of machines and like machines in which the same conditions exist. Extending radially inward from the heating jacket to the front end of the return pipe is a branch return pipe k3 which is formed in the supporting head of the drum. The steam entering the inlet chamber J passes through the trunnion, thence through the branch pipes j2 into the heating jacket whereby the drying cylinder is heated. The
fwa-ter due to condensation of the steam gathers upon the lower part of the jacket and whenever the outer end of the branch return conduit sweeps along the lower part of the path of the drying cylinder the water in the jacket enters the branch return pipe at the outer end thereof. As the branch return pipe continues to rotate with the drum any water caught in the same will'be gradually lifted up by the branch return pipe and caused to flow out of the same into the main return pipe and thence out through the outlet chamber K. In order to cause the water to be thus positivelycaught or trapped in the branch return pipe the outer end of the latter is extended or widened circumferentially from the inlet of this branch pipe backwardly or in a direction opposite to that in which it rotates and the front and rear walls of this branch passage converge inwardly toward the main return pi e, as shown in Fig. 5. By this means a poc iet la* is formed on the rear or trailing side of the branch return pipe in which the water lodges and is caught as the branch ipe rises, which water cannot again escape t rough the inlet of this branch pipe but is directed by the rear or trailing wall of the same toward the main return plpe.
In order to cause the water in the lower part of the jacket to be carried Vpromptly into the inlet' opening of the branch return passage or conduit, a gutter or scoop la? is arranged lengthwise between the jacket and drying cylinder and communicates at its rear end with the inlet of the -branch return pipe or passage. This gutter or scoop is arranged at an angle to the axis of rotation so that as it rises with the drying cylinder and jacket on the upwardly moving left side of the same the front end of this scoop is higher than its rear end, thereby causing any water which it picks up while in its lowermost position to How rearwardly and downwardly into the branch return pipe.
The means for delivering the liquid or material to be dried upon the drying cylinder are constructed as follows z-L represents an* inwardly offset portion formed lengthwise on the lower part of the inner shell section of the drying chamber. Z represents a plurality of liquid feed' or supply nozzles which are arranged in a row lengthwise of the machine and each arranged tangentially relatively to the axis of rotation of the drying c vlmder and jacket and terminating with its delivery end adjacent to the lowermost part of the bore or inner side of the drying cylinder while its receiving end passes through an opening in the offset of the inner shell section in which it is secured by a screw joint and by a jam nut Z1 applied to the nozzle and bearing against the under side of the oil'set. Above the olset is arranged a longitudinal manifold or main liquid supply pipe Z2 which is connected with the outer end of each feed nozzle by means of a port Z3 in its side while its front end is connected by any suitable means with a reservoir or other means for supplying the liquid or material which is to be` dried. Coperating with each port Z3 of the manifold Z2 is a needle valve Z4 which is formed on a threaded valve stem Z5 arranged diametrically in the manifold and working in a screw threaded opening formed in the same opposite the respective port. Upon turning this valve stem in one direction or the other its valve will be moved toward or from the seat formed around the corresponding port, thereby regulating the discharge of liquid from the manifold to the nozzle and upon the bore of the drying cylinder accordingly. After adjustment the needle valve is held in position by a jam nut Z applied to the outer part of its stem and bearing against the outer side of the man1- t'old. As the drying cylinder rotates thel downwardly on the right side thereof, dur
ing which movement of the drying cylinder the liquid or material under treatment is dried by the heat of the steam in the jacket leavinor the residue on the bore of the drying cy inder in the form of a thin film.
M represents an exhaust or vapor pipe arranged lengthwise within the inner shell section and communicating at one side by means of a number or openings m with the drying chamber or space while its outer or front end is adapted to be connected with a condenser, vacuum pump, or other exhausting device whereb a vacuum is created in the drying cham er and the vapors or moisture laden air are withdrawn from the interior of the drying chamber, thereby expediting the drying of the material under treatment. This eXhaustpipe or conduit is located adjacent to the upper left side of the inner shell cylinder about one third of a circle from the place where the li uid is deposited upon the bore of the drying c linder. By this means the material to be ried is deposited on the drying cylinder adjacent to one end of this wide space and the vapors are removed adjacent to the other end of this wide space, whereby the evaporationV of the material in this location can proceed with the greatest freedom from the time the same is deposited on the drying cylinder by the nozzles until the same reaches the vapor pipe and the greatest exhausting area is available, thereby permitting the moisture or vapors given o" from the drying liquidto be carried away promptly and enabling the drying of the material to be eiected expeditiously. Although the bulk of the vapors from the evaporating material are carried away by the time the same reaches the vapor pipe the vapors continue to be subject to the suction of the exhausting device after passing the vapor pipe and while still in the drying chamber inasmuch as the exhausting device draws the vapors constantly from all parts of the annular drying chamber within the shell and the spaces connected therewith, thereby removing the vapors as soon as they evaporate from the material under treatment in any part of the drying space.
The vapors from the material to be dried are conned between the inner shell cylinder and the drying cylinder by means of stationary front and rear guard rings N, N1. The
front ring N is secured with its inner edge to an external annular flange n at the front end of the cylindrical body of the inner shell and is fitted with its peripheral edge close to a filling ring n* secured to the front end of the drying cylinder.
'lhe rear guard ring N1 is secured at its inner edge to an external annular' flange n at the rear end of the inner shell cylinder and is fitted with its peripheral edge close to an internal annular fiange n3 formed on the rear head ofthe drying cylinder adjacent to the joint between these parts. The bore of the guard rings is concentric with the inner cylinder `but the eriphery thereof is concentric with the rying cylinder, as shown in Figs. 4, 8 and 9. Closures are thus formed between the inner cylinder and the drying cylinder at both ends thereof Awhich confine the vapors between the same but permit the drying cylinder to rotate freely. Inasmuch as the exhausting device connected with the exhaust or vapor pipe constantly tends to produce a vacuum in the annular drying space between the drying cylinder vand the inner cylindrical shell any looseness in the joints between the guard rings N, N1 and the drying cylinder will not permit any vapors to escape from this space excepting to the vapor pipe, on the contrary, any leakage through these joints will permit the air between the head of the inner shell section and the head of the drying cylinder 'and the air between the outer shell section and the drying drum to enter the drying space and pass ofi'l with the vapors.
After the material to be dried is deposited on the drying lcylinderby the supply nozzle the same remains thereon until this cylinder makes about three-quarters of a turn during which time all the vapors or moisture is removed from the material and then the dry residue is removed continuously from the drying cylinder by a scraping device and discharged from the machine. The scraping and delivery devices for this purpose shown in the drawings are constructed as followstw-0 represents a longitudinal delivery chamber for the dried material which is arranged on the right side of the inner cylinder opposite l said chamber are withdrawn therefrom. The
lower part of the delivery chamber is constructed to form a longitudinal conveyer trough o1. As the rightside of the drying cylinder descends, the dried material on its boreis removed therefrom and directed into the conveyer trough by a scraper comprising an outwardly inclined su porting plate P which is hinged or pivote engthwise at its lower inner edge to the upper edge of the outer wall of the trough and a knife or blade p mounted on the upper outer edge of the supporting plate and bearin against the bore of the drying cylinder. e blade preferably rests on the u per side of the supporting plate and is hel in place by a clamping plate p1 engaging with the upper side of the blade and screws or bolts p2 connecting the supporting and clamping lates, as shown in Figs. 2, 8 and 9. In or er to prevent the pivot or hinge p between the scraper supporting late and the outer wall of the conveyer rough from becoming clogged and interfering with the operation of the machine, a deflectingplate p* is secured to the supporting plate so as to extend from the clamping plate inwardly bcyond the hinge p3, as shown in Figs. 2, 8 and 9.
A yielding pressure is applied to the scraper for holding the same reliably in engagement with the drying drum and also to compensate for any unevenness of surface and any lateral movement of the drying cylinder and shell relatively to each other which is liable to occur when the building containing the machine vibrates. The means for this purpose shown in the drawings, as an example, are ,preferred and constructed as' follows Q represents a plurality of adjusting spindles or rods arranged in a longitudinal row and extending transversely through stuliing boxes in the inner wall of the delivery chamber each adjusting rod being connected at its inner end with the adjacent part of the scraper supporting plate by a link g1. These links have their upper edges tapered so as to form cuttin edges, as shown at g2 in Fig. 2, whereby t e same are caused to cut or break the dried material if the same is of a character that it comes oft' the drying cylinder in -a Sheet. The outer part of each adjusting rod Q is arranged within a hollow adjusting screw R which works in a standard 1 mounted on the exterior of the delivery chamber. Upon the inner part of each adjusting rod is arranged a shoulder or screw nut 1'1 which is adapted to engage with the inner end of the adjustin screw. 12 represents a coil spring surroun ing the inner part of each adjusting rod and bearing at its outer end against the respective screwnut r1 and at its inner end against a cross piece r3 movable lengthwise on the inner end of the adjusting rod. Tie rods S arranged on opposite sides of the adjusting rod connect at their outer ends i with the adjusting screw R while their inner the inner side of Said cross piece, as shown in Figs. 8 and 11.
An initial tension is placed on the springs by tightening the screw nuts s but this tension is ineffective when the scia er is out of engagement from the drying cy inder,in asmuch as the screw nuts 1" at this time bear against the adjustin screws and cause the scraper to be positive y moved forward and backward with the adjusting screw. Upon turning the adjusting screws R forward, the scrapin blade moves with the same until the bla e engages the bore of the drying cylinder but a continued forward turning movement. of the adjusting screws R after the Scrapers engage the drying cylinder causes the tension on the s rings r2 to be increased and the Scrapers to bear with a yielding pressure against the drying cylinder. In the absence of means or permittinor the scraper to yield, the swaying of the shell and drying cylinder during vibration of the building containing the machine would be liable to cramp or injure parts thereof. Each of the adjusting screws R is provided at its inner end with a handle or hand wheel r4 for manipulating the same.
At opposite ends of the drying surface of the drum the same is provided with annular inclined faces or fillets t, t1. The ends of the main scraper blade are correspondingly beveled to fit said faces, as shown in Fig. 2. The front fillet t is preferably formed on the filling ring n1 and the yrear fillet t1 on the flange n3 of the drum head H, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. By thus inclining these fillets and the ends of the main scraper, it iS possible to scrape the dried material more readily out of the corners between the fillets and drying cylinder.
1n order to cause any material which may lodge and dry on the inner Sides of the guard rings and fillets adjacent to the joints between the same to be removed therefrom and delivered into the conveyer, front and rear auxiliary scrapers- U, Ul are provided. These Scrapers are arranged at the front and rear ends of the annular drying space immediately above the main scraper and have straight and bevel edges u, u1 which engage with the straight inner side and the beveled face of the respective guard ring and fillet, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7 whereby these Scrapers extend across the joints between said guard rings and the drying drum. rllhe auxiliary Scrapers are inclined so as to direct the material which they remove from the guard rings and fillets to the main scraper and each auxiliary Scraper is held yieldingly in its operative osition by means of a transverse rod or sha t u2 journaled in stuffing boxes and bearings us, u* on the inner shell section and carrying the respective scraper at its outer end, an arm us secured to the inner end of the scraper rod, and a weight u Secured to said arm and operating to press the companion sera er against the respective guard ring and fillet.
Rotating within the conve er trou h is a longitudinal'screw conveyer which as its shaft fu journaled in bearings at opposite ends of the trough. The outer or front end of the latter is provided with a depending discharge spout o1. Upon turning the conveyer in the pro er direction by any suitable means connecte shaft, Athe material falling into the trough is carried forwardly therein and discharged through the spout thereof. The latter is provi ed with a tra or valve of any suitable construction w ich permits the dried material to escape but prevents the admission of air so that the vacuum in the drying space is not destroyed. The valve shown in the application for atent filed by lmyselfl July 20, 1907, Serial o. 384,744, is suitable for this purpose.
In order to permit of observing the working of the suppl nozzles the Scrapers and the conveyer, a ongitudinal row of transparent observation panes or windows w, preferably of glass, are placed in the lower part of the inner shell cylinder, and similar rows of windows w1, lw2 are arranged in the inner wall of the delivery chamber` O below and above the scraper adjusting devices. The lower windows lw permit of observing the discharge of the material to be dried from the supply nozzles and the intermediate and upper rows of windows '101,102 enable the working of the Scrapers and conveyer and the condition-of the dried material to be observed so that the machine can be adjusted when this is found necessary. These windows are liable to become clouded or obscured by reason of vapors from the material being dried gathering on the inner side of the same. To permit of removing any deposits on the windows, wipers or cleaners W are provided which may be moved over the inner side of the window anes when required. Each of these wipers is connected by an arm 'ws with a rotatable spindle w4 which is journaled in a bearing or stuffing box 'L05 on the inner wall of the delivery chamber and provided outside of the shell with a handle w6 for manipulating the wiper. AS shown in the drawings, the arms of the wipers of two adjacent windows are connected with one operating spindle but if desired each wiper may be operated individually by an operating spindle.
m represents a vacuum gage which is con-` nected with the drying space or vacuum" chamber and indicates the atmospheric .pressure under which the apparatus is working.
On one or both sides of the outer shell section is arranged a vent valve y by means of with the front end of its.
I which the drying space mayl be connected with the atmosphere when it is desired to de- -stroy' the vacuum in the machine.
4 cessitating handling of the material at any time. Furthermore, the machine canl be readily cleaned when desired thus enabling `the drying operation to be conducted under\ absolutely sanitary conditions.
I claim as my invention.
l. A drier'comprising an inclosing shell, a rotatable drum arranged with said shell, means for delivering the material to. be
` dried on the inner side of said drum simultaneously throughout the length thereof, and means for removing the dried material from the inner side of said drum simultaneously throughout the length thereof, substantially as set forth.
. 2. A drier comprising an inclosing shell, a rotatable drum arranged with said shell, means for heatingthe drum, means for delivering the material to be dried on the inner side of said drum simultaneously throughout the len th thereof, and means for removing the ried material from the inner side of said drum simultaneously throughout the length thereof, substantially asset forth.
3. A drier'comprising an inelosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting dev1ce, a drum rotatable in said shell, means for heating said drum, means for depositin the material to be vdried on the inner si e of said drum simultaneously throughout the length thereof, and means for removing the dried material from the inner .side of said druml simultaneously throughforth. y
4. A drier comprising an-inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device, a drum rotatable in said shell, means for heating said drum, means for depositing out the length thereof, substantially as set the material to be dried on the inner side of the drum simultaneously throughout the length thereof, and means for removing the dried material from theinner side of said drum simultaneously throughout the length thereof, substantially as set forth.
5. A drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device, a drum rotatable in said shell, means for heating said drum, a plurality of supply nozzles for depositing the material to be dried on the inner side ofthe drum simultaneously throughout the length thereof, and a'scraper for removing the dried material from the inner side of said drum simultaneously throughout the length thereof, substantially as set forth.
6. A drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell, means for heating said drum, means for depositing the material to be dried -on the inner lower side of said drum simultaneously throughout the length thereof, and means for removing the dried material from the inner lateral side thereof simultaneously throughout the length thereof, substantiall as set forth.
7 A drier comprising a orizontal cylin- \drical shell, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell, means for heating said drum, comprising a heating jacket surrounding the drum, means for depositing the material to be dried on the inner lower side of said drum simultaneously throughout the -length thereof, and means for removing the dried material from the inner lateral side thereof simultaneously throughout the length thereof, substantially as set forth.
8.` A drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell and provided with a heating jacket, a trunnion connected with one end of the drum and journaled in a bearing at one end of the shell and provided with a longitudinal iconduit for supplying the heating medium to said jacket, rollers supporting the drum at the opposite end of its periphery, means for deposltinfrlthe material to be dried on the inner side of said drum, and means for removing the dried material from the inner -side of said drum, substantially as set forth.
9. A drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable insaid shell, a trunnion connected with one end of the drum and journaled in a bearing in the adjacent end of the shell, a heating jacket surrounding ,the drum, means for conducting the heating medium to said jacketcomprising conduits arranged in said trunnion,means for depositin the material to be dried on the inner si e of said drum and means for removing the dried material .from the inner side of said drum, substantially as set forth.
10. A drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell having a head, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell and having a head, a trunnion arran ed on the drum head and journaled in a earing in the shell head, a heating jacket surrounding the drum, means for conducting the heating medium into said jacket comprising conduits arranged in said trunnionand drum head, means for depositing the material to .be dried on the inner side of said drum, and means for removing the dried material from the inner side of said drum, substantially as set forth.
11. A drier comprising a horizontal c lindrical shell having a head, a horizonta cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell and having a head, a trunnion arran ed on the drum head and journaled in a arin in the shell head, a heating jacket surrounding the drum, means for conducting steam into said jacket and delivering the water of condensation therefrom comprising a main steam supply, conduit arranged lengthwise within the trunnion, a branch steam su ply conduit extending laterally in said rum head from the main steam supply conduit to said jacket, a main condensation delivery conduit arranged within the main steam supply conduit and a branch condensation de ivery conduit extending laterally in said drum head from the main condensation delivery conduit to said jacket, Imeans for depositing the material to be dried on the drum and means for removing the dried material from the drum, substantially as set forth.
12. A drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell having a head, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell and having a head, a trunnion arranged on the drum head and journaled in a bearing in the shell head, a heating jacket surrounding the drum, means for conducting steam into said jacket and delivering the water of condensa-A tion therefrom comprising a main steam supply conduit arranged lengthwise within thetrunnion, a branch steam supply conduit ex ending laterally in said drum head from 'ine main steam supply conduit to said jacket, -a main condensation delivery conduit arranged within the main steam supply conduit, a branch condensation delivery conduit extending laterally in said drum head from the main condensation delivery conduit to said jacket, a .stationary steam supply chamber which communicates with said main steam supply conduit, and a stationary condensation delivery chamber which communicates with said main condensation delivery conduit, means for depositing the material to be dried on the drum and means for removing the dried material from the drum, substantially'as set forth.
13. A drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell having a head, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell and having a head, a trunnion arranged on the drum head and journaled in a bearing in the shell head, a heating jacket surrounding the drum, means for conduct-.ing steam into said jacket and delivering the water of condensation therefrom comprising a main steam supply conduit arranged lengthwise within the trunnion, a branch steam supply conduit extending laterally in said drum head from the main steam supply conduit to said jacket, a main condensation delivery conduit arranged within the main steam supply conduit, a branch condensation delivery conduit extending laterally in said drum head from the main condensation delivery conduit to said jacket, and having an enlar ement extending backwardly from its in et, means for Vdepositing the material to be dried on the drum and means for removingthe dried material from the drum, substantially as set forth.
14. A drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell having a head, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell and having a head, a trunnion arran ed on the drum head and journaled in a carin in the shell head, a heating jacket surrounding the drum, means for. conducting steam into said jacket and delivering the water of condensation therefrom comprising a main steam supply conduit arranged lengthwise within the trunnion, a branch steam su ply conduit extending laterally in said rum head from the main steam supply conduit to said jacket, a main condensation delivery conduit arranged within the Amain steam supply conduit a branch condensation delivery conduit extendin laterally in said drum head from the main condensation delivery conduit to said jacket, and a scoop arranged lengthwise in said jacket and communicating at one end with the inlet of said branch condensation delivery conduit,means for depositing the material to be dried on the d-rum and means for removing the dried material from the drum, substantially as set forth.
15. A drier comprising a horizontal cylindrical shell having a head, a horizontal cylindrical drum rotatable in said shell and having a head, a trunnion arranged on the drum head and j ournaled in a bearing in the shell head, a heating jacket surrounding the drum, means for conducting steam into said jacket and delivering the water of condensation therefrom comprising a main steam supply conduit arranged lengthwise within the trunnion, a branch steam supply conduit extending laterally in said drum head from the main steam supply conduit to said jacket, a main condensation delivery conduit arranged within the main steam supply conduit a branch condensation delivery conduit extending laterally in said drum head from the main condensation delivery conduit to said jacket, and a scoop arranged lengthwise in said jacket and at an angle to the axis of the drum and communicating at one end with the inlet of said branch condensation delivery conduit, means for depositing the material to be dried on the drum and means for removin the dried material from the drum, substantially as set forth.
16. A drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of said cylinders 'and a connect-ion between vthe fro-nt ends of the cylinders. a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable between said 'shell cylinders, means for heating said drum,
means for depositing on the drum the'materialto be dried. and means for removing the dried materialfrom the drum, substantially asset forth. Y
17. A' drier comprising an-inclosin shell having an outer cylinder, an innerey inder,
heads at. the rear ends of said cylinders and v heads at the rear ends of said cylinders and a connection between the front ends o f the cylinders, a drying drum having a cyllnder rotatable betweensaid shell cylinders, means for heating said drum, means for depositing en the drum the material to be dried, means for removing the dried material from the drum, al1 exhaust pipe arranged lengthwise of the inner shellcylinder and connected at its side with the interior ofthe shell and adapted to be connectediat one end with an exhausting device, and guard rings mounted at opposite ends of the inner shell cylinder and forming closures at these points between the inner shell cylinder and the drum, substantially as set' forth.
19. A drier comprising an inclosing shell having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of said cylinders and a connection between the front ends of the cylinders, a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable between said shell cylinders, means for heating said drum, means for depositing on the drum the material to. be dried, means for removing the dried material from the drum, an exhaust pipe arranged lengthwise of the inner shell cylinder and connected at its side with the interior of the shell and adapted to be connected at one end with an exhausting device, a filling ring arranged at thefront end of the drum cylinder, a `front guard ring arranged at the front end of the inner shell cylinder and extending close to the filling ring, and a rear guard ring mounted on the rear end of the inner shell cylinder and extending to a flange within the rear part of the drum, substantially as set forth. g
20. A drier comprising an inclosing shell dried on the drum cylinder, and meansA mounted on the inner shell cylinder for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder, substantially as set forth.
21. A drier comprising an inclosing shell adaptedto be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a connection vbetween the l front ends of said cylinders, a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable betweenr the shell cylinders, means mounted on the inner shell cylinder for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder, comprising a plurality of supply nozzles projecting through the lower part of the inner shell c linder, a suppl manifold connecting sai nozzles and 1n ividual valves for said nozzles, and means mounted on the inner shell, cylinder for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder, substautially as set forth.
22. A drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a connection between the front ends of said cylinders, a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable between the shell cylinders, means mounted on the inner shell cylinder for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder and means for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder comprising a delivery chamber communicating with the interior ofthe shell, and a scraper for removing the dried material fromthe drum cylinder and directing the same into said chamber, substantially as set forth.
23. A drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a connection between the front ends of said cylinders, a dryin drum having a cylinder rotatable between t e 'shell cylinders, means mounted on the inner shell c linder'for depositing the material to be drled on the drum cylinder, and means for removing the dried materialfromthe drum cylinder comprising a delivery chamber communicating with the interior of the shell, a scraper for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder and directing the same into said chamber, and a longitudinal conveyer for removing the material from the 4delivery chamber, substantially as set forth.
24. A drier comprising an inclo'sing shell adapted to -be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a connection between the vfront ends of said cylinders, a drying drum hav in cy inders, means mounted on the inner shell cylinders for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder, and means for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder comprising a longitudinal delivery chamber which opens with its upper part into the side of the inner shell cylinder and has a conveyer trough in its lower part, a scraper operating to remove the dried material from the bore of the drum cylinder and direct the same into the conveyei' trough and a screw conveyer arranged in said trough and operating to remove the material therefrom, substantially as set forth.
25. A drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an
inner cylinder, heads atthe rear ends of the cylinders and a connection between the fi'ont ends of said cylinders, a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable between the shell cylinders, means mounted on the inner shell cylinder for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder, and means for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder comprising a longitudinal delivery chamber communicating with the interior of the shell, and a scraper pivoted at one edge on said chamber while its other ed e bears against the bore of the drum cylin er, substantially as set forth.
26. A drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rearl ends of the cylinders and a connection between the `front ends of said cylinders, a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable between the shell cylinders, means mounted on the inner shell cylinder for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder, and means for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder comprising a longitudinal delivery chamber communicating with the interior of the shell, a scraper'pivoted at oneedge on said chamber while its other edge bears against the bore of the drum cylinder, and means for removing the scraper int-o and out of its operative position, substantially as set forth.
27. A drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, .an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends ofthe cylinders and a connection between the front ends of said cylinders, a drying drum havin a cylinder rotatable between the shell cy inders, means mounted on the inner shell a cylinder rotatable between the shell cylinder for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder' and means for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder comprising a longitudinal delivery chamber,communicatingwith the interior of the shell, a scraper pivoted at one edge on said chamber while its other edge bears against the bore of the drum and means for holding the scraper yieldingly in engagement with the bore of the drum cylinder, substantially as set forth.
28. A drier comprising an inclosing shelll adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a connection between the front ends of said cylinders, a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable between the shell cylinders, means mounted on the inner shell cylinder for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder, and means for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder comprising a delivery chamber communicating with the interior of the shell, a scraper pivoted at one edge on said chamber while its other edge bears against the bore of the drum cylinder, and means for adjusting said scraper and holding the same yieldingly in position comprising a plurality of adjusting rods, links connecting said rods with the scraper, adjusting screws working in a wall of the delivery chamber and receiving said adjusting rods,J respectively, and a tension device interposed between said adjusting screw and red, substantially as set forth.
29. A drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having an outer cylinder an inner cylinder, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a connection between the front ends of said cylinders, a drying drum having a cylinder rotatable between the shell cylinders, means mounted on the inner shell cylinder for depositing the material to be dried on the drum cylinder, and means for removing the dried material from the drum cylinder' comprising a delivery chamber communicating with the interior of the shell, a scraper pivoted atone edge on said chamber while its other edge bears against the bore of the drum cylinder, and means for adjusting said scraper and holding the same yieldingly in position comprising a plurality of adjusting rods, links connecting said rods with the scraper, adjusting screws working in a wall of the delivery chamber and receiving said adjusting rods, respectively, av screw nut or shoulder arranged on the intermediate part of each rod and adapted to bear againsta shoulder on the adjusting screw, a cross piece mounted on the inner end of each rod and connected with the adjusting screw, and a spring mounted on each arranged ,in the shell to permit'of observing the interior, and a wiper'operating to clean the inner side of said window, substantially as set forth. a, l
31.'A drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device, a drying drum rotatable within the shell, means for depositing the material to be dried on said drum, means for removing the dried material from the drum, windows arranged in the shell to permit of observing the interior, a wiper for cleaning the Window arranged on the inner side of the same, and a rocking spindle which is journaled on the shell, and which carries said wiper, substantially as set forth.
32. A drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device and having inner and outer cylinders, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a connection at the frontends of the cylinders, a drying drum rotatable within said shell, means for deposit-ing the material to be dried. on the drum, means for removing the dried material from the drum and a movable support on which the inner shell cylinder and its head are mounted, substantially as set forth.
33. 'A drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to be connected with an exhausting device andhaving inner and outer horizontal cylinders, heads at the rear ends of the cylinders and a detachable connection between the front ends of the cylinders, a drying drum rotatable between said cylinders, means for depositing the material to be dried on the drum, means for removing the dried material from the drum, and a carriage supporting said inner cylinder and its head and movable partway` underneath said outer cylinder, substantially as set forth.
34. A drier comprising an inclosing'shell having an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged eccentrically within the outer cylinder forming a drying space between same which is narrow on one side and wide means for feeding i on the drying cy nder adjacent to one end 'of the wide portion of the drying space, a
vapor outlet arranged adjacent to opposite end ofthe wide part of said drying space;l and means for removing the dried material arranged in the narrow part 'of said drying space, substantially as set forth.
35. A drier comprising an inclosing shell adapted to beconnected with an exhausting device and having a horizontal outer cylinder and a horizontal inner lcylinder which is arranged cccentrically within the outer cylinder so as to form a drying chamber or space between the same which 1s narrow on one side and wide on the other side, va horizontal drying cylinder rotatable in said space concentrically with said outer cylinder, means for feeding the material to be dried on the lower part of the drying cylinder adjacent to one end of said wide art of said space, a vapor outlet arranged a jacent to the opposite end of the wide part of said space, and means for removing the material to be driedwfrom said drying cylinder arranged in the narrow part of said drying space, substantially as set forth.
36. A drier comprising an inclosing shell and having outer and inner sections which form an annular drying chamber between the sanie,one side of said chamber being narrow and the other side comparatively wide, a drying drum rotatable on said dry ing chamber, means'for depositin the material to be dried on the drum a jacent to one end of the wide part of the drying chamber, and a vapor outlet arranged adjacent to the other end of the wide part of the dryin chamber, and means for removing the dried material from the drum, substantially as set forth.
Witness my hand gust, 1907.
OLIVER s. sLEErER.
this 115th day of Au- Witnesses: a
THEO. L. Porr, E. M. GRAHAM.
US38913107A 1907-08-19 1907-08-19 Vacuum drying apparatus. Expired - Lifetime US980444A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2834977A (en) * 1955-07-11 1958-05-20 Stratford Eng Corp Scraper blade assembly for the interior side wall of a grease kettle
US2865445A (en) * 1954-10-14 1958-12-23 Buchler Joseph Evaporator
US3300393A (en) * 1962-07-25 1967-01-24 Franklin G Fisher Saline spray distillation within rotating solar heater

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2865445A (en) * 1954-10-14 1958-12-23 Buchler Joseph Evaporator
US2834977A (en) * 1955-07-11 1958-05-20 Stratford Eng Corp Scraper blade assembly for the interior side wall of a grease kettle
US3300393A (en) * 1962-07-25 1967-01-24 Franklin G Fisher Saline spray distillation within rotating solar heater

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