US979081A - Signaling system. - Google Patents

Description

G. P. NACHOD. SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLIUATION FILED MAR. z, 1910.

979,081 Patented Dec. 20, 1910.

.Red 4435 Oil L 6 VG 7X7 7 faz nvvslv TOR maggy/m CARL NACOD, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.v

SIGNALING SYSTEM. A

979,081. Y Original application filed October 13, 1908, Serial No.

Specification of Letters Patent; Patented Dec. 20, 1910.

457,520. 'V'Diviaea and this application 'mea Maren 2,

1910. serial No. 546,792.

To all whom it may cof/Learn:

Be it known that l, CARL. P.' NACHOD, `a citizenf of the United States, residing in the. city of Philadelphia, county of .Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Signaling System, of which the following is 'a specilication.

VMy -inventi'onfrelates to a signaling -system, and more particularly to a' signaling system `*or apparatus to be employed 'in connection-with a. railway system in which the motive power is: electric current,l the signal, ing currentfbeing' derived from? the power circuit or system.' .I

In electric1 railway systems, which are generally constant potential systems, the voltage or potential nevertheless varies through wide limits, in some cases even falling to only one-half Vor less of normal voltage'. A

It 1s the object of my invention to provide signaling apparatus whichA will, in* spite of such great variations vin voltage on the power circuit, nevertheless operate with inafter described and claimed.

certainty andfidelity to give the usual signal indications orcontrolling traliic on.- the electric railway system. To thisend I provide the signalingapparatus with .an'inclosing casing or tank containing insulating oil, in virtue of which construction the signal controllingor' operating magnets will, at' the minimumA voltage on the system, have sufficient ampere turns to perform their functions with fidelity and certainty and yet at the normaler higher. voltages on the system the magnets will be insured ,against destruction', and since at such `higher voltages the ampere turns are greatly' increased over what they areatvthe low voltages the oil serves alsov to vprevent jar and sudden im-. pact in the, more delicate signal apparatus.

Thegemployment of my construction ii1- volving oil has other advantages vhereinafter pointed out. Myinvent-ion resides in thefeatures here- For an illustration of one of the forms my invention" may Italie, referenceis to be had tothe accompanying drawing, in whichL-f f1 f e Figure l is a front elevational view, parts in section,of the signaling apparatus. Fig.

f2 is afragmentaryv-"end elevational view,

` part in section, oa detail-of the apparatus.

Fig. 3`zis an end elevational view of .a further detail lof thel apparatus. Figj'4 is a top plan view of a Jfurther detail.

'Referring to the drawing, the magnets or solenoids C, D, E, and F, are shown in longitudinal vertical section. ',he housings or jackets 72 of the magnets C and D are provided with'ears or lugs 7 3 by which they are secured to the under side of a wooden board sov or plate of insulating material 74'which, in

turn, is secured by bolts'7 5 to the cast iron or other suitable casing 76. Upon theboard or plate 74 are mounted a plurality of bind- Y ing posts 77 extending above and below-thc plate 74, the lower terminals being adapted to receive the connecting wires from the various magnets'and contacts below, while the upper terminals are adapted to conta-ct with opposed contacts 78 secured to the insulating board or plate 79 supported by internal ears 80 on the casing 7 6, such contacts 78 being connected with ,corresponding binding posts -81 upon thetoprof the plate or boar 79, tog'these binding posts 81 being led thef outside conductors and connections, the case 76 being suitably secured upon any postor pole or other support along the line of the' railway and visible tothe motorman. And the housings orja'ckets '72 'of the magnets E, and F are secured, as by screws, tothe under sides ofthe 'aolrets or housings 72 of the magnets C an .D. The housings lof the magnets C and 'D are tied together by the ties 82 cast integral with them and these magnets .and the magnetsE and F form a .mechanicalunit which is supported from the under sidebfi'o'the plate 74.

The magnet C has the movable core `or armature 83 which, upon the energization of the magnet C', is attracted toward the right,- in opposition to the spring 84, being guided through the core member .85 by the rod 86 which on its right 'end carries a member 87 which, as shown in 141g. 4 abuts endwlse against a similar member 488 carried by the core or armature 89 of the magnet D, the latter being vguided inits movements by the rod 90 acted upon by the spring 91 which tends tohold the core or" armature 89 toi ward the left. Upon the member 87 is pivoted 1t-92 a pawl 93, under the control of the spring 94 and adapted to engage the ratchetpvheel 95. Upon rthe member 88 is pivoted a similar pawl` 96 also adapted to engage the ratchetwheel 95,'a second spring ries the contact rings 9 and 41 adapted to 94 controlling pawl 96. Upon'the energizai tion of the magnet C its core cr armature 83 l is attracted toward the right causing the pawl 93 to engage the ratchet wheel 95 and rotate it the spa ce of one notch. Such movement of the core 83, however, is'accompanied by a pushing over ofthe core 89 of the magnet D against the opposition of the spring 91. Upon denergization of the magnet C the spring 84 returns the core 83 to the left,

' and upon the denergization of the magnet D the spring 91 pushes the core 89 toward the left causing the pawl 90 to engage the ratchet Wheel 95 to step it in opposite direction the space of one notch.

At the left end of the core or armature 83A of the magnet C is carried a contact, insulated from the core '83, with which engage the brushes or contacts 14, one being directly behind the other, such brushes or contacts being supported by the block of insulating material 97 supported upon the head 98 of the magnet C. Approximate the right hand end of the member 87 is disposed the contact pin 45, insulated from such member and engaged upon the front and rear by the contacts or brushes 46. Cn the left end of the member 88 is vcarried the contact pin 48, insulated from the member 88, and adapted, upon the movement of the core member 89 toward the right, to come between and engagethe brushes 49, one in front and the other in the rear, these brushes 46 and 49 being supported upon the block of insulating materialv 99 carried by the tiev 82. On the head 100101 the magnet D is a plat-e 101 through a perforation in 'which extends theI rod 90 carryingthe transversely extending pin 102 disposed in the path oit' lug 103, upon the bell crank lever 104 having the crank arm 105 to which is pivoted the arm 106 extending upwardly through the plate 74 and the plate 79 to engage the under side of the counter weight 107 upon the rod or arm 108 pivoted at 109 and carryingat its outer lend the White semaphore disk 110. The pin 102 and lug 103 are shown in elevational view in Fig. 3.

.The movable core or armature 111 of the magnet E is adapted to be attracted toward the left, in opposition to the spring 112 acting upon the rod 113. which, similarly to the rod 90, carries at its outer end a transversely extending pin adapted to engage with the Wings 103, of the bell crank lever 104 having the crank arm 105 on whichv is pivoted the upwardly extending rod 106 which passes through the plates 74 and 79 and engages the under side of the counter weight 107 upon the rod 114 pivotedat 115, the rod 114 carrying at its outer end the red semaphore 116. On the right of the core 'or armature 111 is supported the rod of fiber or other insulating material 117 which carengage respectively the pair of brushes 10 and the pair of brushes 40, the brushes of cach pair being disposed one behind the other, these brushes being supported by the insulating member 99. v By the core orarinature 118, of the magnet F, is carried a rod of ber or other insulating material 119 carrying the contact rings 30 and 60 with which'` engage respectively the pairs of` 118 is attracted to .the right', and guided by the rod 120 which asses through the hollow core member 121 orming part of the head 122. Carried. by the rod 120 and fitting. within the bore of the core member 121 isthe dash ot piston 123. In the chamber to the left o? the piston 123 is a valve 125 surrounding the rod 120 and pressing against the inner wall of the core member 12,1 under the influence of the spring 126, the opening through the core member 121 around the rod 120 being considerably larger than said rod. When Lthe core member 118 is attracted toward the right it carries the piston 123 toward the right end of the chamber and the valve 125 leaves its seat and permits oil to enter into the chamber to the left of the piston 123. -When the magnet F is denergized the spring 124 resses the parts toward the left and the va ve 125 comes up to its seat trapping the oil in the chamber to the left., thus retarding the movement ofthe parts toward their normal position. The tank 127, of cast .iron or other suitilo4 v able material, surrounds the magnets C, D,

E, F and G, and other apparatus and is supported to the upper casing 76 by suitable i olts; 128, gaskets or seals 129 intervening. Within the tank 127 is contained suitable insulating oil rising to a level above the magnets and all moving contacts as, forl example, to a level indicated by the line X-X. This oil is admitted within the magnethous'- y, ings and is the oil which serves for dash ot closer than in open air, thus reducingtbe dimensions of the signaling apparatus. The oil also serves to carry ott the heat from the various parts lgenerated by the current in the magnet windings and other conductors.l

Perhaps the most important function of the oil in its relation to the signal control and actuating apparatuswhen used in connection teml may be great'and extend between wide .Y limits.

It is amatter of common experience in electric railway practice that the voltage upon the supply conductors or upon the contact conductors or trolley wires may fall far below the normal voltage', indeed may all a hundred or .two hundred volts, or even 50% below the normal potential. The signals, however, are required to operate upon the low potential as well as lupon the normal potential. The magnets, therefore, must be so constructed that with the lowest voltage sufficient current will pass through, their windings to give positive response and actuation. This means that at the normal or higher voltages more "than enough current passes through for the purpose and tends to greatly overheat the magnet windings. The surrounding oil, however, quickly carries off the developed heat with the result that on a system where the line voltage varies between wide limits1 the signal control and operating mechanism is nevertheless positive and has minimum mechanical dimensions.

' In the front of the casing 76 are three circular openings 131, 132 and 133. Through the upper opening 1'31-are visible the white or red semaphores 110 and 116. Back of the opening 132 is disposed the white electric light W and behind theopening 133 is disposed the red light R.

When the magnet D is energized the rod carries the pin 102 to the right out of the way of the wings'103 upon the bell crank lever 104 allowing the counter weight 107 to descend and thereby lift the white semaphore 110 to the dotted line position at the opening 131. Upon the denergization of the magnet D the spring 91 presses the rod 90 toward the lefuaausing the wings 92 to engage the bell crank ever 104, thus raising the rod 106 a-.nd'ra-isirzgr the counter weight 107 causing the white'semaphore 110 to return to the full line position. By this construction, the semaphore is lifted to indicating position by the counter weight; and

thus the parts are relieved of any blows or c too sudden actuation which might otherwise y result from th'` energization of the mag- IVhen the magnet E is energized the core member 111 is attracted toward the left'fin opposition to spring 112 causing the trans- `verse pin upon the rod 113 to be moved 'out yof the -way of the lwings 103 of the bell crank lever 104,"thus allowing the counter weight 107 upon the rod 114'tofraise thered` semaphore ,116 up to the opening 131 to be visible through such opening. Upon denergization Vof the magnet E the y,spring 112;,causes; the

pin on the rod-113 to engage the"` wings on the bell crank lever y104-toraise thferc'xd 106 and the counter-weightm107 and` returning the semaphore .116 to 'the 'full line' position.

The white semaphore 110, `when infull line` v positionintervenes betweenthewwhite light lV andl the opening 132; andlsimilarly, the f I80 semaphore L16 intervenes 'between the red lightl .Rand the openingf133,`so that when either semaphore lis in normal vposition it pre'vent'sany lighty coming through the opening intended for either of the electric lights.

1 represents the trolley orv other contact conductor. of an electricd railway system eX-v tending between signalstaftions, there being turnout conductors 2 and 3 at each station.

- 6 is a trolley switch contact adapted to be engaged by the trolley wheel or other sliding contact which connects by conductor 7 with" suitable part of the signal apparatus. Similarly, the trolley switch contact 55 connects by conductor 6 with a proper part of the 'apparatus; and by conductor 25 the trolley feeder conductor is properly connected with the apparatus. f

34 is the signal conductor which extends from one station to the other, Aand conductor- 20a connects from the signal apparatus to earth or other return conductor 20 of the electric railway system. It is in virtue of the wide fluctuations of volt-age between conductor 1 and return co vductor 20 that I employ my invention as hereinafter claimed.

rThe circuit arrangements and detailed mode otoperation of the apparatus herein described is shown in my application Serial No. 457,520, from which Athis application is a division.

What I claim is:

1. The combination with the su ply and return conductors of an electric -rai way system subject to great fluctuations of voltage, of signaling apparatus, said signaling apparatus comprlsing an electro-magnet havinga winding for suiiiciently energizing said magnet at a fluctuation of voltage upon loo said system far below normal, and'a bath of oil for said magnet winding, whereby at normal or highest voltages upon said system said winding is preserved against excessive therefor, said electro-magnetic means being subjected to the ejfectsof voltageuctua- ,nal and electro-magnetic controlling-means tions on said line; and a bath of oil sub- 'amaai tion with a signal, of a casing nclosing'the same, s1gnal controlling apparatus assembled as a unit and secured to said casing,

a tank secured to said casing and surrounding said signal controlling apparatus, and oil in said tank submerging said signal controllingapparatus. t,

In testimony whereof l have hereunto at'- fixednly signature in the presence sf' the two subscribing witnesses.'

v CARL P. NACHODZJ; Witnesses: I

ANNA E. STEINBOCK, ELEANOR T. MCCALL.

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