US978490A - Evaporator. - Google Patents

Description

R. SAUERBREI.

BVAPORATOR.

APPLICATION nun JAN.4, 1909.

Patented Dec. 13, 1910.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD SAUERBR-EI, 0F STASSFURT, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR '10 G. SAUERBBEY MASCHINENFABRIK, AKTIENGESELLSGHAFT, OF STASSFURT, GERMANY.

EVAPORATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 13, 1910.

Application filed January 4, 1909. Serial No. 470,668.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD SAUERBREI, engineer and director-general, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at 20 Atzendorferstrasse, Stassfurt, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Evaporator-s, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to evaporators and a primary object is to provide an improved cast-iron evaporator having tubes.

Certain lyes, such as caustic soda, caustic potash, calcium nitrate and many other lyes, are evaporated on a large scale in cast-iron evaporators. \Vhen evaporating in oacuo, moreover, as large a heating surface as possible must be provided in a relatively small chamber. Now the construction of customary cast-iron evaporator-s is not only connected with considerable difficulties, but the material also necessitates the employment of low steam pressure, since the usual chambers and particularly the end walls are not sutliciently resisting to high pressures. On the other hand, however, the employment of high steam pressures is not allowed because the boiling-points of the highly concentrated lyes even in cacao are relatively high and require temperatures of the heating steam up to 160 C. The oints of the well-known forms have also the great disadvantage that they are situated in the lye-chamber and consequently can not be examined as to the tightness while the plant is in operation.

Now in accordance with the present invention it is possible to provide large castiron heating surfaces in small chambers, when employing steam pressures up to ten atmospheres for heating the liquid, by arranging tubes closed at the inner end in a closed evaporator-shell in such a manner that these tubes are connected in rows with wrought iron steam pipes which, on their part again are so connected to the steam supply pipe, that the steam can only pass into the heating tubes which are closed at one end, whereby the end walls of the evaporator-shell are completely relieved of steam pressure and have only to withstand the pressure of liquid. In the case of this form all of the joints are outside the lye-chamber and consequently said joints are accessible at any time during the running of the plant. The new construction offers the further great advantage that the steam distributing and condensed water pipes may consist of wrought-iron.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood, reference will be made to the accompanying drawing, in which one embodiment is represented by way of example, and

in which:

Figure 1 is a cross-section, Fig. 2 an ele- Vation, partly in section, and Fig. 3 an end elevation of an evaporator having cylindrical shell.

Referring to the drawing, the cast-iron heating tubes closed at one end, i. 6., the tubes a, are passed from both sides through the end walls 5, Z) of the cylindrical evaporator-shell in such manner that they can ex pand freely. They are connected outside the lye-chamber by means of flanges in rows with one another and each row is connected with the live steam pipe.

In the tubes a the tubes 0 are provided which are connected in rows to the wroughtiron steam supply pipe (Z, to which live steam flows from the steam pipe The steam passes from a steamgeneratorthrough the pipe 6, the steam supply pipes (Z and the tubes 0 to the closed ends of the tubes a,

here flows into the latter and along their heating surface back to their open ends. The condensed water formed is here received by the collecting pipes f which surround the live steam supply pipes d. Lastly, the discharge pipe receives the condensed water.

As is evident no joints at all are situated in the chamber inside the evaporator-shell and moreover the tube plates are exposed only to the pressure of the evaporating liquid. Further, the live steam supply pipes and also the exhaust steam pipes may be made of wrought-iron since the same do not come in contact with the lye.

WVhat I claim is:

1. A cast-iron evaporator having tubes closed at one end and open at the other, the cast-iron heating tubes a, which are closed at one end. being in communication with steam pipes (Z which are arranged outside the evaporating vessel and are connected with the steam pipe 0, whereby joints inside the lye-chamber are avoided and the tube plates of the evaporating vessel are completely relieved from steam pressure, the heating steam being conducted to and from the heating tubes arranged in rows by means of two concentric pipes, out of the inner one d of l to receive and lead away the exhaust steam,

which live steam flows through admission tubes 0 into a row of tubes closed at one end While the outer pipe f' receives and leads away the exhaust steam and the condensed water out of the same row of tubes 02.

2. In an evaporator of the character described, the combination with the evaporator-shell, of steam pipes arranged in rows by means of two concentric pipes, admission tubes through which live steam flows out of the inner pipes, and outer pipes adapted all the joints being disposed outside said shell whereby the walls of said shell are re- 15 lieved of steam pressure.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RICHARD SAUERBREI.

Witnesses:

WOLDEMAR HAUPT, HENRY HASPER.

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