US977915A - Boiler. - Google Patents

Description

EPHRAIM M. WILKINSON, OF OSWEGO, NEW YORK.

BOILER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 6, 1910.

Application filed November 16, 1908. Serial No. 462,889.

To all whom it may concerli.'

Be it known thatvI, ErrmniM M. vWILKIN- soN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Oswego, county of Oswego, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to steam boilers and more especially to thatclass known as water tube boilers. Various objects of my invention are to'provide a boiler oli' the class described of increased strength; one in which the more perfect combustion, circulation and impinging ol the hot gases is obtained; one in which there are no rivets or seams located in the brickwork at which leaks are liable to protection is given the occur and injure the brickwork; one in which the number of seams 1s decreased to a minimum; a boiler in which the free circalation of the water is at all times and places., insured; one in which the briekwork'at the rear of the boiler is protected from water due to leakage or when the boiler is being cleaned; one in which a roper ysupport and rickwork over the It'ront of the boiler; one in which the yarious seams are so placed that they are easily accessible for calking and repairing; and, generally, to secure a high degree of economy and ellieiency in construction and operation.

Further objects and advantages will more clearly appear from the detailed description given below taken in connection with the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specication.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation in section of my improved boiler. Fig. 2 1s a vertical double section of the front end of the boiler. In the left hand portion the boiler front is removed showingbrickwork or masonry foundations or sup' ports 1 and 2.

3 represents the grate and 4 the stack. Above the fire box yand (grate 3 are arranged the tubes 5 ol the boiler.y The lower row of tubes are arranged in the arc of a circle as over the flanges 19 bounding'the handholes 17. The plates 18 are secured in place by clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 4 while the remaining tubes are staggered. Above the tubes 5 and parallel therewith is located the steam drum 6. At the front end of the boiler the tubes 5 are expanded linto an inside front` header 7 and the drum 6 is sey cured to a tlange 8 on said header by means 6o of rivets 9. Tlie header 7 is circular and concentric with the lower row of tubes 5, and at its periphery has a deep flange 10.

11 represents an outside front header spaced from the header 7. The header 11 is also circular in shape to conform to the header 7 and has a circular llange 12'at its periphery which is secured to the flange 10 by a single row of rivets 13. Directly opposite the steam drum 6 the header 11 has a circular opening boundedv by an outward'- flange 14 and secured to the flange 111 by rivets 15 is a bumped drum head 16,v (see Figs. 2 and 3)t Directly Vposite each tube 5 the header 11 is provideilD with handholes 17 for examination, cleaning and removal of the tubes 5. The handholes are closed by plates'18 which are circular and prof vided with a groove at their edges for fitting bolts 21, crabs 22, and nuts 23. The plates or headers 7 and 11 are securely bolted together by hollow stay-bolts 20.

24 represents circular tubes forming openings through the water leg space between the headers 7 and 11. These openings are for. the removal of the circular baille brick 25. Upon the lower row of tubes 5 I locate tiles of refractory material or baille bricks 26 'which may be removed by turning them in a. vertical position and dro ping them downbetween the tubes 5. Baillie brick 27 along the top row of tubes may be removed from. top of setting. n Extending forward f1o1n t.he llangelO of the header 7 is a cylindrical steel extension 28 which acts as an arch for the brickwork 29' and protects the-same from water and steam. Secured at the front of the eXtension 28 is the boiler front 30 provided with the usual gage 31 and door 32.

33 is a perforated dry pipe connected with the outletvvalve 34'.

35 is a feed sediment blow-oil' an with feed pipe 36 entering the front en andthe sediment blow-oli pipe 37 leading from the rear end thereof. i

The rear end of the boiler is provided with a rear inside header 38 which is provided with an opening bounded by an inward flange 39. To the flange 39 is secured the rear end of the drum G by means of rivets 40. At its periphery the header 38 has a deep outwardly extending flange 4l. Secured thereto by a single row of rivets 42 is the lflange L13 of an outside rear header 44;. The tubes 5 are expanded into the rear inside header` 3S and t-he headers 3S and 44e are furthcr secured together by,

hollow stay-bolts t5 in the saine manner as the front headers. The rear outside header is also provided with handholes 4G, handhole plates 4T, crabs 4:8 and circular tubes 49 similar lo those at the front end oli the boiler. The rear outside header is also provided with'an opening bounded by an ontwardly extending flange 50. Secured to the flange 50 by rivets 51 is a rear bumped drum head 52 having a manhole opening 53 with an inward flange 54. The opening 53 is closed by means of a flanged plate 55, crab 56 and nut and bolt- 57. l The water-leg formed by rear headerslS and 44 rests upon a saddle 58. Beneath the saddle are two rollerbearings 59 which rest upon the-base plate G0. T he roller bearings allow the rear end of the boiler to move freely back and forth to allow for expansion and contraction. A blow-off pipe G1 extends through apertures in the protective apron 62, base plate G0 and saddle 58 to the water-leg formed by the rear headers. The protective apron 62 is pi'eleralidy a steel plate secured' in the lirickwork below the base plate (5 0 and preventing water from falling upon the brickwork beneath it when the boiler is being cleaned.

i In operation the hot gases from the' lire on the grate '3 pass upwardly impinging upon the lower row of tubes 5. The tubes being arranged in the arc of a circle the gases are deflected upwardly at the sides so that they getin all portions ol the {ire-box and cause a more perfect impingiug of the gases upon the tubes. Because ol the baille brick 26 being arranged on the eircularly arranged lower row of tubes, an incandescent inverted arch is formed over the furnace, the shape being such that there is more unobstructed space for combustion and a greater area of incandescent surface 'for the ht'ating and combustion of the gases, than in prior boilers. This is largely due to thc fact tl. it the gases travel the whole length of the setting rsurrounded by incandescent material ybefore striking any amount of cooling surfaces, sueltas the tubes. In this way, the

prevention of smoke is greatly enhanced-'a desideratum which is greatly sought for at the present time-and the use of smoke conl suming devices may be avoided. The ases then pass rearwardly, up and aroun the rear end of the balile brick 26, 'then fol'- wardly, and-up and around the baille brick 25 and then rearwardly to the stack 4. 70

In prior boilers of the class described'it has been customary to make the water-legs formed by the headers of as nare or rectangular form. I provide hea ers of a circular form so that the are much stronger and can carry a much lligher pressure. All the apertures and flanges in the headers may. therefore, be made circular soA that the apertures may be quickly and easily cut out and the flanges quickly, easily and economically 80, spun from the metal of the headers. This causes all the seams to be circular which further. increases the strength of the' boiler. Thus by the circular construction described, l the result is thatin view of the high workg5 ing pressures demanded of the present day boilerthere will be a larger factor of safety. This factor of safety is also increased because of the flanges and heads op posite each end of the steam drum, which v gives an eXtrau amount of metal to carry the pressure which is distributed among the circle of stay-bolts surrounding it. The circular arrangement of the lower ro'w of tubes above the gratas and the shapeof the headers being made to conform to the `arrangement of the tubes. unnecessary llat surfaces are done away with so that the amount of staving is minimized.

By connecting the drum 6 directly to100 flanges 8 and 39 on the inside headers 7 and 38 and not continuing them to the outside headers an unobstructed passage is left. from the liront water-leg into the drum 6` and from the drum into rear water-leg which greatly and advantageously promotesa bet- .ter circulation of the water, also a large and unobstructed area for the separation olf` the steam from the water.

Since the headers and their outside flanges vare circular only a single row of rivets is re quired to join the headers which greatly lessens the chances of leakage; and since this row of rivets may be made to lie mainly or wholly outside of the brickwork the brick- AL15 work does not have to be torn down in order to repair the seams, and neither does the brickwork suer injury because of leakage at the seams. The steel or iron apron 62 v reaches across the brickwork below and directly under the rear headers to protect the brickwork from water' wherfthe boiler is being cleaned out. The arch A:28 also acts as a protection for the briekwork at the front end of the boiler when` it is being cleaned out. llanged inwardly or toward each other to receive the drum, the seams are much more aecessible and much easier to repair. f

My invention further provides for the ab- The inside headers 'i'v and'BB 4being j` sence of all riveted seams in contact with the fire and practically. all of the joints can be calked without the removal of any brick# work; and the handhole openings` 17 and 4B flanged inwardlyto receive the circular recessed plates 18 and 47 further increase the rigidity andstrength of the boiler.

Although I have set forth one specific embodiment of my invention in great detail, I go not I,desire to -be limited to such details,

vHaving fully and clearly described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a boiler' the ,combination of a suitable support, a steam drum. water tubes and substantially circular inside and outside headers for 'each end of said drum and tubes` each header being integrally Hanged toward the adjacent, header, the flanges being connected together to forni a single seam between the headers and the inside headers at `each end of theboiler embracing both the drum and tubes.

2., In a boiler, the combination of a steam drum and water tubes therefor, substantially circular inside and outside headers for said drum and tubes, the inside and outside headers having integral flanges overlapping each other. connected by a single seam, and stay bolts between theutside and inside headers.

3. In a boiler, the combination of a steam drum and water tubes therefor, substantially circular inside and outsideheaders for said drum and tubes, the inside and outside headers having integral anges overlapping each other connected by a single seam, and stay bolts between the outside and inside headers. said stay bolts being rigidly secured to the headers t0 rmly hold the same.

4. In a boiler the combination of a grate, a steam' drum and water tubes, substantially circular frontl and rear headers therefor, each inside header embracing both thel drum and tubes, one lower row of tubes being in the form of an inverted arch above said grate, and baille brickarranged on said row to form an inverted arch for the deflection of the hot gases. A

In a boiler the combination of a grate, a steam drum, water tubes 'below said drum,

and substantially circular inside and outside. front and rear headers for said drum and stantially in the form ot' an inverted arch above said grate.

7. In a boiler the combination of a steain drum, water tubesbclow said di um, substanvin the forni of an inverted arch above said grate, and batiles arranged on said lower row of tubes.

9. In a boiler, the combination of a steam drum. a plurality of water tubes, a lower row of which is arranged substantially in the form of an inverted'arch. baiiles arranged on said rowof tubes. and substantially circular inside and outside front and rear headers for said tubes and drum arranged to form a water-leg at each end of the boiler.

10. In-a boiler the combination of a suitable support. asteam drum. water tubes and a substantially circular inside and outsidi` header for saidv drinn and tubes, said headers being Hanged toward each other, said flanges being connected together to form a scam and said seam lying without said support.

11. In a ,boiler the combination of a masonry support, a steam drum, water tubes,

a fire box, the tubes immediately over said headers for said tubes and drum, and a grate and fire box, the lower row of tubes being, arranged substantially in the are of a circle above said grate and to conform to said headers, and the remaining tubes being staggered.

13. Ina boiler the combination of a boiler front, a steam drum, water tubes, substair tially. circular front and rear headers for said driim and tubes and a substantially cylindrical extension piece connecting the boiler front with thc front headers.

14. In a boiler, the combination of a steam drum, water tubes, inside and outside headers therefor forming a water leg extending between the tubes and drum, said outside' headers being provided with handhole openings with {ianges andplates for closing said, handhole openings.

15. In a boiler, the combination of a steam drum, water tubes, substantially circular inside and outside headers therefor forming water legs extending from the tubes to the drum, said outside headers being provided with handhole openings with substantially circular inward flanges` and plates for abutting the said flanges to closel said handhole openings. l

16.Y In a boiler, the combination of water tubes, a steam drum, a substantially circular` inside header with fiat surfaces for said tubes and drum and a substantially circular outside header with flat surfaces containing flanged handholes and plates abutting said flanges and closing said handholcs, said headers forming a water leg extending troni the tubes to the drum and said headers being connected by a single seam and securely ,held together by stay bolts suitably spaced over ytheir flat surfaces.

y'17. In a boiler, the combination of a steam druln and water tubes, the tubes of the lower row being arranged4 substantially in the arc of a circle carrying tiles of a refractory niaterial, for the purpose as previously set forth.

1S. The combination of a water leg with substantially circular inside and outside headers, with flat surfaces, openings being anwed outwardly in the upper side of the inside headers, for the reception of a drum Whose ends tit in said openings, flanged openings being made in upper halt of outside headers'exaetly opposite to said drum; said flanged openings carrying ay dished head substantially as described.

19. The combination of water tubes for a substantially .in the shape of an inverted arch and baffling brick arranged on v,said lower tubes t'o form substantially an inverted arch shaped battling means. i

21. In a boiler, the combination of Water tubes and battling brick arraruqed among the lower tubes to forni a battling surface with its sides inclining substantially from the center thereof upwardly sob as to cause the hot gases to be deflected toward the side tubes.

22. In a boiler the combination of Water tubes the lower ones of which are higher at the sides ol the boiler than in the middle and battling brick arranged among the lower tubes and v( rxtcnding part way along said tubes to forni a battling surface with its sides inolining upwardly.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my naine to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EPHAIhI M. VILKINSON.

Witnesses ANNA H. Nirrnn,

JAMES S. CLARK.

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