US977125A - Apparatus for continuous electrolysis of aqueous solutions. - Google Patents
Apparatus for continuous electrolysis of aqueous solutions. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US977125A US977125A US52859809A US1909528598A US977125A US 977125 A US977125 A US 977125A US 52859809 A US52859809 A US 52859809A US 1909528598 A US1909528598 A US 1909528598A US 977125 A US977125 A US 977125A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- aqueous solutions
- salt
- continuous electrolysis
- solid salt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 title description 13
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
Definitions
- the object of the present invention is now an apparatus to carry out the said process for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions.
- a support for solid salt is arranged between the two superposed electrodes and is preferably combined with a device forming a trap for the gases generated at the lower electrode.
- a is the anode
- b the cathode which is electrically connected with the iron container 0.
- 03 represents two partitions of non-conducting material separating the anode compartment from the cathode compartment and between these partitions there are stretched, on the one hand, a porous fabric J6 which carries the solid salt f supplied through the pipes 91 and, on the other hand, a porous fabric 9 closing the bottomof the anode compartment and conducted over nonconducting rods it giving the said fabric 9 a zigzag form, so that this latter may serve as a as trap;
- j is the pipe through. which the sa t solution is fed to the apparatus and i is the overflow through which the formed lye is discharged.
- the fabric 9 As the fabric 9 is situated .at a certain the mode of openriched with salt below the anode has to traverse a distance of some centimeters before it arrives at the concentrated l e situated directly below the gas trap abric g and this long path it catches the OH- ions migrating uwardly from the cathode b.
- solid salt f is supplied directly on the porous fabric Z stretched in zlgzag form and closing the bottom of the anode compartment, the
- said fabric serving consequently simultana ously as salt carrier and as gas trap.
- An apparatus for the continuous electrolysis of an aqueous solution having two superposed electrodes indifferent compartments, and means to cause the electrolyte to flow from the upper to the lower electrode, in combination with a support of permeable and non-conducting material situated between the two electrodes and designed to receive solid salt, and with'means to feed solid salt into the upper electrode compartment in proximity of the said upper electrode substantially as described.
- An apparatus for the continuous electrolysis of an aqueous solution havingtwo' superposed electrodes in. difi'erent compartments, and means to cause the electrolyte to flow from the upper to'the lower electrode, and a support of permeable and non-con ducting material situated between the two electrodes and designed to receive solid salt,
- An apparatus for the continuous electrolysis of an aqueous solution having two superposed electrodes in different compartments, and means to cause the electrolyte to fiow from the upper to the lower electrode, in combination with a porous fabric adapted between the two electrodes to receive solid salt, and with means to feed solid salt into the upper electrode compartment in proriimity of the said upper electrode, substantially as described.
- An apparatus for the continuous electrolysis of an aqueous solution having two superposed electrodes in different compartments, and means to cause the electrolyte to flow from the upper to the lower electrode, a porous fabric adapted between the two electrodes to receive solid salt, in combination with a device forming a trap for the gases generated at the lower electrode, and
- An apparatus'for the continuous electrolysis of an aqueous solution having two superposed electrodes in different compartments, and means to cause the electrolyte to flow from the upper to the lower electrode, a porous fabric situated between the two electrodes and designed to receive solid salt and a second substantially horizontal fabric closing the bottom of the compartment of the upper electrode and stretched in zigzag manner in order to form a trap for the gases generated at the lower electrode, substantially as described.
- An apparatus for the continuous electrolysis of an aqueous solution having two superposed electrodes in different compartments, and means to cause the electrolyte to flow from the upper to the lower electrode, a porous fabric situated between the two electrodes and designed to receive solid salt, means to feed solid salt into the upper cell in proximity of the upper electrode, and a second. substantially horizontal fabric closing the bottom of the compartment of the upper electrode and stretched in zigzag manner in order to form a trap for the gases generated at the lower electrode, substantially as described.
- an apparatus for the continuous electrolysis of an aqueous solution the combination ofan anode chamber having an anode located therein, a' cathode chamber having a cathode located therein, means for causing an electrolyte to continuously flow through said anode chamber and past the anode therein into the cathode chamber and past the cathode therein, means for supporting in a solid condition the salt to be electrolyzed in a position between said anode and cathode chambers and in the direct lineof travel of said electrolyte, a permeable fabric provided with ridges to support said solid salt and. staggered rods for supporting said fabric in its rigid condition, substantially as described.
Description
A. PIETZSCH & E.-STEINBUGH.
APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUS ELBGTROLYSIS 0F AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS.
I APPLICATION FILED NOV.17, 1909.
Patented Nov. 29, 1910.
\NIENTORS,
ALBERT PlrsTzscH m oxEwAw STEmBucH,
PoTTL ALBERT PIETZSCH, 0F TRIBERG, GERMANY SWITZERLAND, ASSIGNORS TO SOCIETY BASEL, SWITZERLAND.
, AND EWALD STEINiBUCI-I, 0F IVIONTHEY, OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY IN BASLE, OF
APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUS ELECTROLYSIS OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Nov. 29, 1910.
Application filed November 17, 1909. Serial No. 528,598.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that We, -knnmrr lin'rz-sorr, electrical engineer, a subject of the King of Saxony, and resident of Triberg, Grand- Duchy of Baden, Germany, and EWALD STEINBUCH, electrical engineer, a citizen of the Swiss Republic, and resident of Monthey, Canton of Valais, Switzerland, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Continuous Electrol sis of Aqueous Solutions, of which the to lowing is. a full, clear, and exact specificatio In our application for Letters Patent No. 528572 we have described a process for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions, wherein the electrolyte is caused to flow from an upper to a lower electrode and is enriched again by solid salt.between the two electrodes,
after havin been impoverished at the upper electro e, in order that as many ions as possible of the initial electrolyte may travel in the op osite direction to the migrating ions ten ing to diminish the yield.
The object of the present invention is now an apparatus to carry out the said process for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions.
In this apparatus a support for solid salt is arranged between the two superposed electrodes and is preferably combined with a device forming a trap for the gases generated at the lower electrode.
In the accompanying drawing Figure 1 shows in vertical section the preferred construction of this apparatus and Fig: '2 represents also in vertical section a somewhat modified construction of the same.
In Fig. 1, a is the anode, b the cathode which is electrically connected with the iron container 0. 03 represents two partitions of non-conducting material separating the anode compartment from the cathode compartment and between these partitions there are stretched, on the one hand, a porous fabric J6 which carries the solid salt f supplied through the pipes 91 and, on the other hand, a porous fabric 9 closing the bottomof the anode compartment and conducted over nonconducting rods it giving the said fabric 9 a zigzag form, so that this latter may serve as a as trap; j is the pipe through. which the sa t solution is fed to the apparatus and i is the overflow through which the formed lye is discharged.
Assuming the apparatus is used for the electrolysis of a solution of common salt, in order to produce soda lye, eration will be the following: The salt solution flowing into the electrolytic cell through j, after it has become artially impoverlshed at the anode, ows partly through the salt f and partly over this salt, and there is formed over the fabric 9 a layer of concentrated salt solution which passes through the fabric 9 to the cathode compartment and thus prevents migration of the ions formed at the cathode into the anode compartment. The gas (hydrogen) generated at the cathode is caught by the corrugations of the fabric g and led away laterally. As the fabric 9 is situated .at a certain the mode of openriched with salt below the anode has to traverse a distance of some centimeters before it arrives at the concentrated l e situated directly below the gas trap abric g and this long path it catches the OH- ions migrating uwardly from the cathode b.
In the modlfie construction of Fig, 2, the
solid salt f is supplied directly on the porous fabric Z stretched in zlgzag form and closing the bottom of the anode compartment, the
said fabric serving consequently simultana ously as salt carrier and as gas trap.
hat we claim is:
1. An apparatus for the continuous electrolysis of an aqueous solution, having two superposed electrodes indifferent compartments, and means to cause the electrolyte to flow from the upper to the lower electrode, in combination with a support of permeable and non-conducting material situated between the two electrodes and designed to receive solid salt, and with'means to feed solid salt into the upper electrode compartment in proximity of the said upper electrode substantially as described.
2. An apparatus for the continuous electrolysis of an aqueous solution, havingtwo' superposed electrodes in. difi'erent compartments, and means to cause the electrolyte to flow from the upper to'the lower electrode, and a support of permeable and non-con ducting material situated between the two electrodes and designed to receive solid salt,
.in combination with a device forming a trap for the ases generated at the lower electrode an with means to feed solid salt into the upper electrodecompartment in proximity of the said upper electrode, substantially as described.
3. An apparatus for the continuous electrolysis of an aqueous solution, having two superposed electrodes in different compartments, and means to cause the electrolyte to fiow from the upper to the lower electrode, in combination with a porous fabric adapted between the two electrodes to receive solid salt, and with means to feed solid salt into the upper electrode compartment in proriimity of the said upper electrode, substantially as described.
4. An apparatus for the continuous electrolysis of an aqueous solution having two superposed electrodes in different compartments, and means to cause the electrolyte to flow from the upper to the lower electrode, a porous fabric adapted between the two electrodes to receive solid salt, in combination with a device forming a trap for the gases generated at the lower electrode, and
with means to feed solid salt into the upper electrode compartment in proximity of the said upper electrode, substantially as described.
5. An apparatus'for the continuous electrolysis of an aqueous solution, having two superposed electrodes in different compartments, and means to cause the electrolyte to flow from the upper to the lower electrode, a porous fabric situated between the two electrodes and designed to receive solid salt and a second substantially horizontal fabric closing the bottom of the compartment of the upper electrode and stretched in zigzag manner in order to form a trap for the gases generated at the lower electrode, substantially as described.
(3. An apparatus for the continuous electrolysis of an aqueous solution, having two superposed electrodes in different compartments, and means to cause the electrolyte to flow from the upper to the lower electrode, a porous fabric situated between the two electrodes and designed to receive solid salt, means to feed solid salt into the upper cell in proximity of the upper electrode, and a second. substantially horizontal fabric closing the bottom of the compartment of the upper electrode and stretched in zigzag manner in order to form a trap for the gases generated at the lower electrode, substantially as described.
7. In an apparatus for the continuous electrolysis of an aqueous solution, the combination ofan anode chamber having an anode located therein, a' cathode chamber having a cathode located therein, means for causing an electrolyte to continuously flow through said anode chamber and past the anode therein into the cathode chamber and past the cathode therein, means for supporting in a solid condition the salt to be electrolyzed in a position between said anode and cathode chambers and in the direct lineof travel of said electrolyte, a permeable fabric provided with ridges to support said solid salt and. staggered rods for supporting said fabric in its rigid condition, substantially as described.
In witness whereof we have hereunto signed our names this 5th day of November 1909, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
ALBERT PIETZSCH.
EWALD STEINBUCH.
\Vitnesses: Y
GEO. GIFFoRu, AMAND Rrr'rnlz.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US52859809A US977125A (en) | 1909-11-17 | 1909-11-17 | Apparatus for continuous electrolysis of aqueous solutions. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US52859809A US977125A (en) | 1909-11-17 | 1909-11-17 | Apparatus for continuous electrolysis of aqueous solutions. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US977125A true US977125A (en) | 1910-11-29 |
Family
ID=3045503
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US52859809A Expired - Lifetime US977125A (en) | 1909-11-17 | 1909-11-17 | Apparatus for continuous electrolysis of aqueous solutions. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US977125A (en) |
-
1909
- 1909-11-17 US US52859809A patent/US977125A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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