US976236A - Motor. - Google Patents

Description

G. W. WEISS.

MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1909.

Patented Nov. 22, 1910.

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MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1909.

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Patented Nov. 22, 1910;

G. W. WEISS.

MOTOR. APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 25,.1909.

Patented Now 22, 1910.

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CARL VJ. WEISS, 0F NEV] YGRK,-N. Y.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 25, 1909. Serial No. 485,846.

Toall whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL W. Wnrss, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Manhattan, .of the city of New York, in the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Motors, of which the following is a speci fication, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

The invention relates generally to rotary motors of the type known as gas turbines, in which the rotor is driven at high speed by the impact or the reaction, or by both the impact and the reaction, of products of combustion delivered at high veloclty through suitable nozzles. In this invention,

- however, the rotor is driven by the move-" ment of the working fluid out of and into the chambers of the rotor, between the driving blades thereof, under the influence of successive variations, of pressure in the chambers of the'rotor due to successive heating and cooling of the working fluid in such chambers. this description proceeds, that the operations herein described mightfibe' carried out in any of many different structures, and therefore it is to be understood that although there is illustrated and described herein a' structure which appears now to be the best practical embodiment of the invention, nevertheless such construction is to. be regarded as merely illustrative of the nature of the indicated by the line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig' 4 is a view in elevation of the rotor, with a portion thereof broken out to show the arrangement of the blades.

The embodiment of the invention shown ments, a back orsupporting plate a, a main It will be obvious, especially as casing b, which is secured to the back or supporting plate a, as by bolts a, a shaft a mounted to rotate in suitable bearingsin theback plate a and in a boss or sleeve d which is "carried by andfvirtually forms a part of easing b, and a rotor c which is suitably secured to the shaft 0. The casing b is shown as having a flange Z) through which the en tire motor is supported upon a suitable pedestal or base. The rotor e, in the construction shown, consists of a circular plate or disk 6, an annular ring 6 parallel with the plate 6, a series of driving blades 6 secured between the plate 6 and the ring 0 near the outer periphery of the ring 6 and a series of blades e*, which divide the space between the ring e and the plate into an annular series of chambers 6 each. of such chambers preferably having at its outer margin a plurality of driving blades 6 To reduce leakage as much as possible the face of the rotor is formed with annular ribs 6 and intervening grooves, which coEipera-te with corresponding ribs and grooves on the adjacent face of the main casing b, as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3. I

For convenience in construction, the main casing b is generally annular with respect to the axis of the shaft 0, comprising a substantially flat annular plate 5 an outer arched wall Z2 and an internal arched wall 7), erected upon the plateb 'and receiving with .a free working fit the projecting portion of the rotor which is composed of the ring 6 and the blades 6 and 6*. A water jacket 71 is provided for a portion of the shell or casing 73.

It will be understood, especially by reference to Fig. 1, that the walls referred to are not continuous but are so formed and disposed as to provide certain chambers, passages and' ports with intervening walls which will be more particularly referred to herein after, such chambers, passages and ports, with the intervening walls. being mainly related to the annular chamber f formed in blades-c and e of the rotor travel. The arrangement of these chambers. passages and ports will be more readily understoodin connection with the description of the ac- Patented Nov. 22,, 916).

or by the shell or casing b and in which the tions or functions which take place or are accomplished, as hereinafter explained, but

it will first be pointed out that-in or adjacent to one of such chambers there is located a source of heat, represented by a burner tube g with a fuel injector g and a suitable ig- 'niter 9 The air which, successively heated and cooled, forms the working fluid, enters the motor through the channel h and immediatelyfills the chambers e at atmosphericpressure, free assage for the air beyond the rotor being a orded through the'openin it. As will be understood, the induction 0 air at a sufiicientlyrapid rate to meet the requirements of the motor, when the motor is in operation, is promoted by centrifugal force. Each volume of air, measured by the capacity of the chamber a, is immediately cut off from communication with the-outer air by the passage of the containing chamber between the walls h and h a nozzle. .hf being conveniently located in the Wall h through which steam may be admitted from the upper portion of the water jacket 6 under control of a suitable regulating valve 72.. Suchvolume of air originally at at- 'mospheric pressure and normal temperature,

' is transferred to the chamber is in which the i. vicinity ofv the source of heat may exert its.

volume of air is expanded by heat, a source of heat 9, already referred to, being located in or ad acent to this chamber, preferably in the portion of the chamber on the inner In order that ad-' side of the rotor blades. vantage may be taken of the expansion of the air the source ofheat1g is preferably "located near the farther end or. exit port, of

the chamber, the wall h is extended angularly beyond the wall If, and a nozzle I0 is formed in the end of the chamber is nearest to the opening it, so that the air which is expanded and has its pressure raised in the force through the nozzle 70 upon the blades 6? of the chamber which has ust come into communication with the chamber is and in which the air is near the normal temperature andv therefore near the normal atmospheric pressure, the volume of steam admitted through the nozzle A being relatively small and therefore having relatively little efiect in raising the temperature or the pressure.

From the chamber is, is each chamber 6 of the rotor passes in succession between between the blades 6 acting upon the blades r and adding its impulse to the rotor. The

port 1 is immediately succeeded, in the continuedmovement of'the. chamber with the;

rotor, by a wall I which confines the now rarefied 'volume of working fluid in the chamber, cutting it ofi from communication with the atmosphere. During the passage of the chamber between the walls Z and Z the temperature of the confined volume of working fluid remains practically at its maximum and the pressure thereof is prac' tically atmospheric. The chamber thus con-. taining working fluid at high temperature but normal pressure now moves into the cooling or condensing chamber m, m in which the temperature is relatively low since sov the chamber is surrounded byv the water jacket. The cooling of the contained volume of air causes an immediate fall in the pressure and an equalization of pressure in the chambers e and the chamber m, m. The wall Z is extended angularly beyond the wall l -so that the movement of working fluid ii each cliamber 6 as it first comes into communication with the chamber m, is outward between the blades 6 Such working fluid therefore acts upon the bladesa'nd its force is, therefore, added to the impelling force which drives the motor.

The volume of air contained in each chamber e is successively cut off from the chamber m, m by passage between the walls 11., n and is then placed in communication. with the atmosphere through the port n The Wall 19. is extended angularly beyond the port 17. and. since the volume of air contained in each chamber 6 after leaving the chamber m,,m, is at practically normal temperature and is below normal or atmospheric pressure, the equalization of pressure is estab-.

lished by an inward movement of air through the ort n into the chamber 6 between the bla es' 6 The inwardlys moving air acts upon the blades a and its force is, therefore,

also added to the impelling force oftherotor. i I Beyond, the port a each chamber 6 in succession, passes between the wall 71. and the wall a into communication with the passages or openings h, h, in which the cycle of operation already described isbe'gun over again. I I v I It will be seen that in the transfer and displacement of working fluid-in any given chamber of the rotor at successive points in its movement about the center of revolution, the working fluid, in its successive expansion and contraction, acts upon the-blades or vanes of the rotor, yielding the driving.

impulse. it will also be seen that the volume of working fluid contained in each successive chamber 6 is first subjected to compression in the chamber through the action thereon of the air or gases of the chamber in through the passage or nozzle k while the inner mouth of the chamber a still remains erases closed by the wall If. -Again whenrapid is promoted by centrifugal force and the displacement of air from thechambers e as. in

succession, they reach the port Z, is likewise promoted by centrifugal force.

The chambers, ports and walls with the source of heat and the cooler constitute means for the successive expansion and contractlon of the working fluld transferred from point to point in the chambers 6 ofthe rotor and means for compelling or directingthe movement of the working fluid inward or outward between the blades of the rotor so that the force thereof shall act upon such blades, and it will be obvious that the form and arrangement of such means mightbe variedwidely without departing from the spirit of the invention.

For convenience, the chamber m is shown as connected by. a pipe 0 with a pump 0',

operated by an eccentric 0 on the shaft 0, for the purpose of drawing off from the chamber m the water of condensation. Likewise the fuel inlet nozzle'g is shown as provided with a controlling valve g? which may be operated in usual manner by a suitable governor g, on the shaft 0 forthe pur pose of regulating the admission of fuel.

I claim as'my invention:

1. A casing having a closed chamber with K ports for the passage of the rotor and a forwardly dire ed nozzle, a rotor having successlve chambers and drlvlng blades and arranged to travel through said closed chamber and to close said ports, and means to heat the working fluid in the chambers of the rotor as they travel throu h said closed chamber, whereby theworking fluid ex panded from the chambers of the rotor into the closed chamber is directed through said nozzle into the chambers of the-rotor and against the blades thereof.

2.- A casing having a closed' chamber with ports for the passage of the rotor and a forwardly directed nozzle, a rotor having successive chambers and driving blades and arranged to travel through said closed cham-' ber'and to close said ports, and means to heat the working fluid in th'echambers of the rotor as they travel through said closed chamber, said heating means being located adjacent to' the exit port of the closed chamber and said nozzle being located adjacent to the other end of the closed chamber, whereby the'working fluid expanded from the chambers of the rotor into the closed chamber is directed through said nozzle into the chambers of the rotor and against the blades thereof.

3. A casing having a closed chamber with ports for the passage of the rotor, a rotor having successive chambers and driving blades and arranged to travel through said bers'of the rotor as they pass through said closed chamber, .said casing having a discharge opening beyond the exit port of the closed chamber through which opening the workingfluid transferred at high temperature and pressure from the closed chamber in the chambers of the rotor may escape and in so escaping act upon the blades of the rotor.

t. A casing having a closed chamber with 'orts for the passage of-the rotor and a orwardly directed nozzle, a rotor having successive chambers and driving blades-arranged to travel through said closed chamber and to close said ports, and a burner communicating with the closed chamber to "heat the working fluid in the chambers of the rotor as they travel through said closed chamber, whereby the working fluid expanded from the chambers of the rotor into the closed chamber is directed through said nozzle into the chambers of the rotor and against the blades thereof.

5. A' casing having a closed chamber with ports for the passage of the rotor and a forwardly directed nozzle, a rotor having successive chambers and driving blades arranged to travel through said closed chamber and to close said ports, and a burner communicating with the closed chamber to heat the working fluid in the chambers of the rotor as they travel through said closed chamber, said burner being located adjacent to the exit port of the closed chamber and such nozzle being'located adjacent to the other end thereof, whereby the working fluid expanded from the chambers of the rotor into the closed chamber is directed through said nozzle into the chambers of.

6. A casing having a closed chamber with ports for the passage of the rotor, a rotor having successive chambers and driving blades and arranged to travel through said closed chamber and to close said ports and a burner located in said closed chamber adjacent to the exit port and adapted to. dis charge the products of combustion into the chambers of the rotor, said casing havinga discharge opening beyond the exit port of the closed chamber through which opening the working fluid, transferred at high temperature and pressure from the closed chamber in the chambers of the rotor, may escape and in so escaping act upon the blades of the rotor.

7. Acasing having a closed chamber with ports for the passage of the rotor and forranged to travel through said closed chamber and to close said ports, means to heat the working fluid in the chambers of the rotor as they travel through said closed chamber, whereby the working fluid expanded from the chambers of the rotor into the closed chamber is directed throu h one of said nozzles into the chamberso the rotor and against the blades thereof, and means to supply steam to the other of said nozzles tobe directed also into the "chambers of the rotor and against the blades thereof.

8. A casing having a closed chamber with ports for the passage of the rotor and a forwardly directed steam nozzle, a rotor havin successive chambers and driving blades an arranged to travel thrugh said closed cham her and to close said ports,,means to'heat the working fluid in the chambers ofthe rotor as they pass through'said closed chamber, and means to supply steam to said nozzle, said casin having a discharge opening beyond the exit port of the closed chamber through which opening the working fluid, erred at high temperature and pres-- the working fluid expanded from the chambers of the rotor into the closed chamber acts upon the blades'ofthe rotor. v r 10. A casing having a closedchamber with ports for; the passage of the rotor, a rotor having successive chambers and drivin blades: arranged to travel through said close chamber and to close said ports, and means -to reduce the temperature of the working fluid in the chambers of the rotor as they travel through the closed chamber, the said casing having an orilening beyond. the exit port of the closed 0 the working fluid may enter the chambers of the rotor as they pass from the closed chamber with working fluid at a lower pressure, to fill the same and in soenterin the chambers of the rotor act upon the bla es of the rotor. i g

'11; A casing having a closed chamber with ports for the passage of the rotor andv a forwardly directed nozzle, and having a second closed chamberindependent of the first with ports for the passage of the rotor, p a rotor having successive chambers and drivsaid closed chambers and to close said in blades and arranged. to travel through orts means to heat the working fluid in the 0 am bers of the rotor as they travel through the first closed chamber, and means to reduce the temperature of the working fluid in the amber through which.

chambers of the rotor as they travel through the second closed chamber.-

12. A. casing having a closed chamber with por'tsfor the passage of the rotor and a second closed chamber also with ports for the passage of the opening between, a rotor having successive chambers and driving blades and arranged rotor, and a discharge to travel through said closed chambers and to close said ports, means to heat the working fluid in the chambers ofthe rotor as they travel through the first closed chamber and means to reduce the temperature of the as they travel througli' f t he second closed chamber. is 1 I v 13,. A casing having a closed chamber with orts for the assage of the rotor, a secon closed cham er with ports for the 'passa e of the rotor, an opening between said 0 ambers, a discharge openingbetween the closedchambers and a discharge opening beyond, the exit port of the second close chamber, means to heat the working fluid in the chambers of the rotor as they travel I working fluid in the chambers of the rotor through the first closed chamber, and means to re uce the temperature of the working fluid in the chambers of the rotor'as they travel through the second closed chamber.

'14:. .A rotary motor comprising a rotor having a succession of chambers and driving blades; 'means for supplyinga working fluid to said chambers in succession; means for causin the working fluid within successive cham ers to expand to thereb cause the working fluid to flow f'rom sai chambers past said driving blades, said chambers having open outlets so that the flow of workmeans for causing a subsequent flow of into said cham ers in succession.

15. A rotary motor conslstmg of a rotor having successive chambers and driving blades, and. a casing comprisin means to heat the working fluid in the c ambers of fluid as aforesaid may take place; and

1051 working fluid ast said driving blades and the rotor, means to permit the escape of the working fluid from the chambers-of the ro- I tor between the blades thereof against a lower ressure, means to reduce the tempera;-

'ture 'o the working fluid 'remaining in the chambers of-the rotor, and means to permit working fluid at'a higher pressure to enter the chambers of the rotor between the blades thereof to fill said chambers.

16. A rotary. motor comprisin a casing having an inclosed internal cham er, means for burning a combustible substance within said chamber, and means for supplying a combustible. substance to said chamber; a rotor adapted to .move through the chamber of said casin and having a succession of chambers an terior to the chamber of said casing for supplying each of the chambers of said rotor in driving bladestmeans ansuccession with air; means for directing products of combustion derived from the chamber of said easing into successive chambers of said rotor as they come successively into said chamber to thereby displace the air from the chambers of said rotor and supply the chamber of said casing with air tosupport combustion Within said chamber; and

means whereby products of combustionare removed from the chamber of said casing. 10 This specification signed and witnessed this 24th day of March, A. D. 1909.

CARL W, \VEISS. Signed in the presence of W. B. GREELEY, ELLA J. KRUGER.

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