US975149A - Automatic gas-feed for vacuum-tubes. - Google Patents

Description

D. MuF. MOORE.

AUTOMATIC GAS FEED FOR VACUUM TUBES.

APPLICATION-FILED NOV. B, 1906.

Patented Nov. 8, 1919.

PHH H um n WITNESSES:

mom/Us.

i v I v uivrrnn STATES mm mm Q u l'mnm moons, or NEWARK, N EW .isnsnir, Assmivon TQMOOBE ELEC- mmcn 00., or new Yonx, it. 1., A CORPORATION or NEW roan.

aurom'rrc GAS-FEED roii. vacuum-Turns. v

975,149, Specification of Letters Patent, Patented-N 8, 191() a Application fled November a, 1 06. Serial ir -342,474.

To all whom it ma/g'concem' eter for admitting gas to said tube or per- 55- v 13 it known th t I, DANIEL MGFARLAN, mitt-mg itsescape automatically according Moore, a citizen of the United States, and a as the o eration of the tube results in a deresident of Newark, in the. county of Essex crease 0 the gas or vapor tension or an inand State'of New Jersey; with post-ofl'ice adcrease of'the same'from normal. 7

dress 52-La'wrence stree ,have invented cer- Briefly .stated, my invention consists in so tain new and useful Improvements in Autothe combination with a vacuum tube, of matic Gas-Feed for Vacuum-Tubes,of which electro-magnetically operated means for adthe following is a s ecification. mitting .or removing gas from the tube,

10 My invention reates to that class of demeans such as the operative portion of a vices termed vacuum tubes and W l110l1 are manometer subjected to the varying elastic as supplied with electrodes or terminals for pressure of the gas or vapor Within the tube,

' causing electric energy to pass through the and a variable resistance controlling the 'circontained gas or vapor. v cuit action of the electro-magnetica ly 0 er- The invention is particularly useful for ated devices and subject to variations 0 re vacuum tube or vapor electric lamps, but sistance produced by'the action of the ma- 7o may also, be applied to vacuum or vapor nometer. Preferably, such variations of rerectifiers, X-ray tubes wireless tele aph sistance are broughtabout by the mechaniapparatus or other devices which emp oya eal action of the manometer directly upon vacuum through which the electric energy the variable resistance devices, which latter passes. may be, and in many cases preferably is, the 75 The object of" my invention is to prevent operative portion comprising the diaphragm changes in the degree of vacuum due to the and variable resistance of telephone transj assage of the electric energy and consists mitteriof the type in which ainass of granuin an improved means for. automatically lar'carbon is employed. When such a vasupplying the gas or vapor of the vacuous, riable resistance device is used, the manomspaces so as to maintain the desired gas or eter may act directly upon the diaphragm vapor tension. of the transmitter. a 5

More particularly stated, the object of my The type of manometer which I refer to 3'0 invention is to automatically control the use and which is especially suited or opervacuum or de ree of vapor or gas tension atirig upon the variable resistance is the within the tu e or inclosure for the elecc aneroid type or one employing a diaphragm trodes in such way that the control will be upon which the gas or vapor acts directly. entirely indep ndent of line voltage, length To obtain a delicate action, I balance the as of tube, int nsity of ig co r, rans ormer diaphragms of the manometers against one Power i I and 'Other variable another mechanically and obtain the confactor. trolling action by the .difierential effects" due A further object is to'secure an'exceedtochange in the tension of the gas in the in'gly refined, sens'tive or' delicate action tube upon the exhaust or low tension side of 40 without the employment of mechanical moa manometer. This.combination of Ina-110m-v tion-multiplyingdevices q eter diaphragms also has the advantagethat "A further objectof my invention to 'it secures compensation for variat ons "of permitthe control of the vacuum or ten- 1 barometric pressure by aeorre'cting or om- "sion to be brought aboutby the employment gensatingbarometer whose,efiectsj counter- "46 of amanometer-controlled valvein such {ay alance or opposeth efiects 'uponfthe' diathat the operation of the manometer s all ,phragin or other portion'fof the 'inaii'ometer not be afiected or disturbed by barometric hieh feels th e changes of gasor vapor tenchanges. w a ;sion,within'.the vacuousfspace. In a" priorap'plication' for" patent ;f iled by; invention ,ic onsists further the 50 me May i8th, 1906, S-"N' 315,,728, -I have iSPBClfllmCOIIlblllflbiOIlS of devices hereinafter claimed broadly the combination withia described and then specified in the'cl' aims, 106 vacuum tube, ofaa manometer connected- In the accompanying drawings, Figurevl with-the 'gasesface' within the tube and is aa general vertieal. sectionandgside' elevameans'controll or operated bythevmanomtionof the essential portio s,,"-of" devices chamber 4 to the material.

3 invention.

-l1qu'1d acting as a seal which maybe employed inv carrying out my Fig. 2 is an enlarged s1deelepartial section 0 vation and valve. I

In carrying out my invention, I preferably maintain, the gas or vapor tension by supplying gas to the tube by admitting such gas in regulated gas of greater tension than that in the tube.

As a preferred form ofv valve, I use one operating by changes of liquid level, the

to shut or port or passage through which the gas may feed to the tube, "but other forms of valve might be used without departing from my invention. The form shown is described in my prior Patent N o. 820,364,'dated May 8th, 1906, and in my application filed as a diviopen the r sional application April 16th, 1906.

The manometer employed may be either the form in which liquid is used and the tension of the gas or vapor measured by difierences in the height of a liquid column,,or may be of the anero'id-type, e., one in which no liquid is used and the pressure or tension is measured by an elastic metal-disk or plate, or anyother form of vacuum pressure gage may be used.

3'is a feed tube through which gas may be fed into tube 1 from any source, and 4 is g va}ve chamber of o y 0 gas at any desired tension ater than that in the tube is maintained The source of as may be a tank, or might be the atmosp ere, or a gas generator mi ht be connected to the space 4 or air mig t be passed to such space through phosphorus for the purpose of removing its oxy en when the tube 1 is operatedas a lamp. he means for supplfving gas to the valve cha her 4, however, orms no part of my present invention. The valve shown is of the kindaiscribed in my prior patents and applications and comprises essentially a plu 10 of some porous material like gas car on which fits into theend of the gas feed tube 3 and has a pointed terminal ada ted to be covered an uncovered by variations in the level of" a liquid 5 like mercury in which the plug is immersed as shown. When the t' is uncovered, "gas may pass slowly from t e valve tube 3 through the porous The changes in level are produced through eter which is connected to) the vacuousspaoe in tube 1 through, for instance, a tube 6 and which manometer acts to chan e the condition of a variable resistance which in.

turncontrols the circuit of a'magnet p ating to change the level,

as desired.

7 indicates a thin corru ted" disk of a manometer, one side of sai disk being exa formof any form in which a the operation of the manom-.

Tube 3 may be connected to the tube 1 at one or more points amount from a body. of p diaphragms 7,

'phragm 7 ;diaphragm 7 to move in pressure to the V will fall in 1n the tube'l through the connection6. 1 9 is a plate or. dia

posed to the variations o fgaseous tension pression between the suitable backing 14 transmitter so that with an increase 0 sure on the diaphragm 9, the resistance of the circuit including said granular material 13 or other variable resistance, electricity 15 and'an electromagnet 16 operating on a plunger 11 in the manner described in my prior patent before referred to, will decrease there magnet to operate with increased power and operate the valve.

phragm of a telephone transmitter containing granular. material like. granular ca'rbon.

13 1s the granular material subject'to comdiaphragm' 9 and a as in any tele hone;

presa source of Variable pressure may be applied the granular material by movecommunicated to carbon or other ments of the diaphragm 7 the plate or diaphragm 9 in any desired I manner preferably through a system of motion mu tiplying prise a lever as 8 connected to the by an extension of its short arm and connected by a link 18 tothe short arm of anwhich in turn engages the other lever 8" diaphragm or plate 9. Opposed in action to the diaphragm 7, so far as changes or barometric pressure are concerned, 18 another diaphragmv 7 also connected or attached to an extension of the short arm of lever 8. By means of this compensatin diathe apparatus will be una ected y changes of barometric presure while at the same time any variations of the gas or tually upon the I the magnet. By this arrangement I obtain an exceedinglv sensitive action since the two 7 act against one another and the operation of the device 8 or other device is brought about by the differential pressure effects upon the diaphra s resulting from changes 'of'tension in t e space at the rear of diaphra 7.

In the operation of e apparatus a lessen ingof the gaseous tension in 1 causes the h a direction to apply plate 9, thereby decreasing the resistance in the circuit of the magnet 16. The latter thereu n raises the lunger, thus caus' theleve of the liquid in the valve. chaidger' ,to fall and permit a slight amount of gas to flow through the feed" tube 3 thus restoring the vacuum to its normal degree, whereupon the manometer resumes its normal position and the a resumption of the action is v In case the tube,1 is the tube 0 tube lamp, the electrodes may be internal electrodes of carbon and the action will be as already described, namely, the tension thetube thro reddiaphragm tube 1"will operate efiec resistance in the circuit of flow stops until gh use of the lamp.-

devices which may comso by permitting the mace- The devices described will act to restore or maintain that tension in the'manneralready' tromagnetically operated means for controlling theflow of gas in said passage, de-

vices subject to the varying elastic pressureof the gas or vapor Withinthetube, a variable resistance controlling the action of the electromagnetically operated devices, said variable resistance being in turn controlled by and responsive to the devices subject to the varying. elastic pressure of the gas or vapor.

"ch'an es of barometric pressure.

2. The combination of a vacuum tube, means for passing gas through a' passage way connected to the tube, a controlling electromagnet, a variable resistance and operative devices of an aneroid manometer, operatin on said resistance to vary the action of t e electromagnet.

3. The combination of a vacuum tube, an electro-magnetically, controlled valve controllin the passage leading to and fromsaid tu e, a variable resistance, devices subject to. the varying elastic pressure of the gas or vaporv in the tube, and means connecting .said resistance and said devices, whereby said resistance will be varied response to changes in the gas or vapor ten-1 sion in the tube.

4. The combination of a vacuum tube, an elec'tro-magnetically actuated valve controlling the passa e leading to and from the tube, a mass 0 granular carbon in'the circuit of the electro-ma et, a diaphragm subject to the varying e astic pressure of the gas or vapor within the tube and a disk acting on said carbon and mechanically connected with the diaphragm so as tovary the com ression of the mass of granular carbon w en a variation in the gas or va or tension within the tube affects the iaphragm; 3 i v 15. The combination of a-vacuum tube, 'devices responsive to variations in the elastic pressure of the ases within the tube, means controlled there y for feeding gas to the tube, and means for compensating for. the changes of barometric pressure upon said devices. a 6. The combination of a vacuum tube, an electro-magnetically controlled valve controlling a gas plassage to the tube, a variable resistance in t e circuit of the electro-nragnet, a manometricdiaphragm subject to;

changes of gas or va ortension in the tube, means controlled by t e diaphragm for varying the resistance and a compensating device operated op ositeliv to saiddiaphragm upon the contro ling evice in response to a he combination with a vacuum tube,

tube, being opposed to one mate y of devicesforpassing gas throu h apas- I sage Way connected with the tu e and a pair of manometer. diaphragms-controlling the action of saidfdevices, said diaphragms another in respect, to barometric changes and one of them being subject to variations of the gas or vapor tension in the tube.

The combination of avacuum tube, a gas valve control-ling the passage leadingto the tube, a palr of aner'oid manometer diaphragms opposed in action to one another as respects barometric changes and one responsive or subject to variations of gas or vapor tension in the tube, and means controlled by said manometer dia hragms for governing the action of the va ve.

9. The combination of a vacuum tube, an

electro-magnetically controlled valve governing the gas or vapor tension, a variable carbon resistance, an elec'tro-magnet connected to the circuit of the resistance and controlling the valve, and a pair of aneroid barometer disks or diaphragms controlling the variable resistance, opposed in action to one another as respects barometric changes, while one of them is subject to variations of tension in the tube.

10. The combinatiomwith a vacuum tube,

of the operative devices for two manometers balanced against one another,'one having a constant vacuum and the other a vacuum varying-with the tension in the tube, and means controlled by said operative devices for adjusting the gaseous tension within the tube.

11. The combination with a vacuum tube, of .two diaphragms for manometers of the aneroid type balanced inaction against one another, one diaphragm having a constant vacuum and the other ,a vacuum varyin with the tension of gas in the tube an means controlled by said diaphragms for adjusting the gaseous tension of the tube.

'12. The combination of a vacuum tube, operative devices for two manometers balanced against one another, one having a constant vacuum a valve controlling the admission of gas to thetube, 'a magnet for operating the valve and a variable. resistance connected to thea circuit of the magnet and actuated by said operative devices.

13. The combination of a vacuum tube, two aneroid manometer diaphragms balanced against one another, one of said diais having a constant or approxiconstant vacuum on one side and on the other side a vacuum varying with the tension of gas in thetube, a granular transmittr telephone diaphragm connected with the manometer 'diap net connected to the circuit of the granules and a valve actuated by the magnet and conphra ragms, an electromag I trolling the flow of gas in a passage way ance and avalve actuated by the magnet connected to the tube. a v and controlling the flow of air or other 14; The combination of a vacuum tube, through a passage connecting with the tu diaphragms for two manometers of the Signed at New Yorkin thecounty of New 5 aneroid type op osed in action to one an- York and State of New York this 17th day 15 other and one 0 said diaphragms bein ex-' of October A. D. 1906. posed to changes of elastic pressure 0% the DANIEL MoFARLAN MOORE. gas within the tube, a carbon resistance op- Witnesses: erated by said: diaphragm an electromag- C. F. TIsonm-, Jr., 10 net connectedto the circultof said resist- LILLIAN BnoNn.

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