US973376A - Process of and apparatus for cutting compound metal articles. - Google Patents

Description

J. P. MONNOT; PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR CUTTING COMPOUND METAL ARTICLES.

' APPLICATION FILED MAR. 2, 1906.

Patented Oct. 18, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

- V WITNESSES INVENTOR Mon it,

J KMQLX swam ATTORNEYS JQHN FEREEQL EZIQHNOT, OF NEW YURK,

N. r, assronon T0 nUrLnxMErALs ooM EANY, OF NEW YORK, 2%. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PROCESS 0F AND APPARATUS F03 CUTTING COMPOUND META]: ARTICLES.

erases,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Get. 18, 1910,

Application filed Watch 2, 1906. Eterial Ho; 303,916.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN FnRREoL Mon- No'r,.a citizen of the United States, residin at New York in the county of New Yor and State of hlew York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of and Apparatus for Cutting Compound Metal Articles; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to processes of and apparatus for severing or cutting compound metal articles comprising a base of one metal and a covering or coating of an unlike metal Welded thereto, said apparatus being' designed not merely to sever or out 0 plates and other articles of compound metal such as specified, but also to draw the coating over the severed edges so as to protect the same.

My invention consists in severing means comprising one or more blunt or obtunded tools (using the term obtunded as distindiately before the base metal below it is acted upon by the tool gas would be the case if sharp or cutting too s were used), but to the contrary the coating remains intact until the plate or other object is very nearly severed, being drawn down over the edge as the operation goes on, so that the coating is not severed until at-or very near the very last; and my invention also consistsin the described process or method of severing the compound articles and drawin the coating over the severed edge. In the ollowi description I shall at various times spea of the severing of plates and the like by these obtunded tools as a cutting of the plate or or other object to reduce it to a desired shape or thicknem; the term cutting -be ing then used in its broadest sense, in which it doesnot necessarily imply the action of what are commonly called cutting tools.

My invention consists further in a succession of such blunt or obtunded tools arranged to efl'ect the cutting oif in successive stages; in means for compacting the layer or layers of the coating metal on the cut edge; andin other features of invention more fully hereinafter set forth and pointed out in the claims.

Compound metals such as are referred to above, comprisea core or base of one metal (which is, usually a relatively strong and cheap metal, such as iron or steel), and a covering or coatin for one or both surfaces of such core or base metal of an unlike metal (usually one which is weaker, but

is relatively little sub'ect to chemical attack.

The coating, being ense, impervious, and welded to the core or base at all points, effectively prevents chemical attack of such base. .An example of a compound metal such as referred to is ametal comprising a base of steel, either soft or hard, and a coating welded thereto of copper, aluminum, aluminimum bronze, the various alloys termed bronze generically, brass, silver, etc. Compound metals such as referred to may be roduced by the process described in my etters Patent Nos. 851,684, dated April 30th, 1907 and 853,716 dated May 14th, 1907, and in my application Sr. No. 281,680. One of the prime objects of the coating being to protect the base or core from chemical attack, it is highly im ortant that when form ing articles from s e'ets, bars, tubes or the like of such metals, the coating shall be drawn over the edges of the article formed, so as to protect said edges as well as the faces of the article. Obviously this cannot be done by an ordinary cutting operation, for a cutting tool proper would sever the coating before severing the basev metal. I have "found, however, that the desired object may be accomplished by the use of one or more drawing or pinching tools, which operate in fact'by drawing or pinching 0d the sheet, bar, tube or the like, so that said sheet or other article is reduced in thickness under the tools to substantially the point of severing before the coating is ruptured. In fact the base metal is usually severed before the .The importance of so protecting the edges of compound metal articles such as compound metal ship plates, roofing plates,

coating. By this means the coating covers completely, or nearly com letel the entire thickness of the severed e ge 0 the article, and if a thin strata of uncovered base metal remains, a simple smoothin down or burnishing of the edge will comp etely close down the coating over the severed edge and compact it so as to leave no crevice permitting entry of corrosive gases or liquids and chemical action on the base metal beneath.

boiler plates and other compound metal ar-- ticles which in ordinary use are exposed to chemical attack, will be seen readily. Ship plates, particularly those of vessels navigating saltwater, are not only exposed to oxidation, but to electro-chemical action'resulting from the presence of sodium chlorid and other salts in the water; and such electrochemical action might be very destructive if. the coating were not drawn over the edges of theplates, so as to prevent the water from reaching the iron beneath. Similarly, roofing plates are frequently exposed to corrosive fumes, as for example, sulfurous acid fumes and carbonic acid fumes of coal smoke, which attacksteel' surfaces rapidly, while having practically no effect on copper; and steel b01161-.pl8tBS, and boiler tubes, are

exposed to corrosive, pitting and similar destructive actions, which may be obviated en-- tirely' by employing 1plates coated on all points subject to .attac with an impervious coatin of copper. It will be understood that e ectro-plated coatifngs'are not im rvious; but coatings applied as describe inmy Patents Nos. 851,684 and 853,716 and my said application Sr. No. 281,680 are absolutely impervious. to liquids and gases, even ratus capable of performing the described process are illustrated more or less diagrammatically, and will then point out the novel features in claims.

In the said drawin :Figure 1 shows'a transverse sectional e evati'on of one form of apparatus embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 shows a side view thereof without the traveling carriage for the work; Figs. 3+11 v inclusive illustrate diagrammatically and in section, means and materials used in this method of operation, it being understood:

that these views are diagrammatic in their nature and are not intended to be exact as to form andproportion. Fig. 3-shows a section of a compound metal plate, coated on both sides; Fig. 4 the first stage in the cutting thereof; Fig. '5 a further stage in the cutting thereof, and Fig. 6 the cutslieetwitli' the coating drawn down over the cut edge and compacted as hereinafter described. Figs. 8, 9 and 10 show in section portions of obtundin tools spaced to perform the operations 0 Figs. 4, 5 and '6 respectively. Figs. 7 and 11 are views, similar to Figs. 6 and 10 respectively, illustrating the action of the alternative form of apparatus shown in Fig. 12. Fig. 12 shows a side view of a form of apparatus alternative to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings, and. at first to Figs. 1 and '2 thereof, said apparatus comprises a plurality of obtunding rotary tools, 1, 1, 2, 2, and 3, 3, arranged in pairs'and spaced apart different distances, as illustrated- These tools are mounted upon shafts 4, 4, the upper shafts mounted in vertically adjustable bearings 5, 5, provided with adjusting screws 6, .6, or equivalent means for adjusting said shafts vertically. 'Any one of the said shafts, as

for example the lower shaft of rolls 1, 1, may be provided with a driving wheel 7; and from said lower shaft motion is communicated through gear wheels 8 to the corresponding upper shaft, the design of the gearing being such as to permit some vertical movement of the up er roll without throwing the gears out 0 mesh or out of action. The shafts of each of the other pairs of rolls vsare similarly connected by gearing, and motioniis communicated from one pair-of shafts to another by means of intermediate gears 9, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, carried by adjustable supports 10 similarly shown. This construction will be obvious to those skilled in the art. In many cases, particularly for the smaller sizes of machines, no support for the work is necessary, the work being held in the hand while it is passed through the rolls; but I have indicated a support for the work, comprising a sliding table 11, arranged adjacent to the rolls or tools 1, 2 and 3.

' In the operation of this apparatus, rolls 1, 2 and 3 will be adjusted progressively.

closer together. The sheet or other object to be cut first encounters rolls 1, and is grooved thereby, without severing of the coating, as indicatedfin Fig. 4; the sheet next passes between rolls 2 and is still further grooved thereby, still without severing of the coating, as indicated in Fig. 5; and

finally the sheet will pass between rolls 3,

which are still closer together; and by these rolls the sheet will be'severed, assindicated n Fig. 6. In these successive operations the coating has been drawn over the edge formed-by the rolls, so that upon the final severing of the sheet the coating substantially covers said edge. For many purposes no urther treatment of the edge may be necessary; but in some cases the edge may be left somewhat rough, or it may be desirable to compact the two layers of coating metal wherethey meet, and for this urpose I may employ a smoothing or burnis ing or spinning tool, which may consist of a simple revolving disk 12, shown in Fig. 2, driven by suitable gearing, and arranged to rotate against the severed or cut edge of the work, and thereby to press together the metal of the coatings, and by a spinning or burnishing action compact them into one impervious coating.

. It will be understood that I may use a still greater number of pairs of cutting rolls than indicated in Fig. 2, or a less number as may seem desirable. It is not necessary in all cases to use a plurality of pairs of rolls and in my application Sr. No. 293,410 above mentioned I have illustrated an apparatus for cutting ofi' relatively thin sheets of compound metal, comprising only a sin gle pair of rolls, which rolls are arranged to draw down the material of the coating over the cut edge, in the manner above described.

In Figs. 3 to 7 inclusive 13 designates the base metal and 14 the coating orcoatings.

In Figs. 8, 9, and 10 l have indicated somewhat exaggerated, the section of the. As will be seen, these edges of the cutters. edges are V shaped andare quite blunt or round at their apices, so that the tools are in nostrict sense cutting tools but rather operate by drawing or pinching thev metal.

In Fig. 12 I have indicated an apparatus similar to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2', ex-- ceptthat the rolls are not arranged in but work in cooperation with .the tab support for'the material tobe cut.

It will be obvious that in the case of apparatus for cutting tubin or curved sheets, the rolls may be arrange about a common center, instead of ina straight line as indicated inFig. 2.

airs, e or What I claim is 1. Apparatus for cutting compound metal and for covering over prising an obtundin a blunt cutting the cut edges, comrotar cutter having edge 1n the" p ane of rotation,

. means for driving the same and means for I in the holding the work against such cutter.

2. Apparatus for cutting compound metals over the w cut edges, 'comprising a pair 0 obtundinig each such cutter having a b unt cuttin edge lane of rotation, such edges 0 each pair 0 cutters arranged in cetiperative jux} in the plane of rotation passing a rotary cutters,

coverings on taposition, and means fordriving the cut- 3. Apparatus for cutting compound metals and for covering over the compound edges, comprising a plurality of rotary obtundmg cutters arranged in succession and set to cut deeper depths progressively, each such cutter having a blunt cutting ed e in the plane of rotation, means for hold ing the work against such cutters and means for driving said cutters.

4. Apparatus for cutting compound metals and covering over the cut edges comprising a movable support for the work, a rotary btunding cutter having a blunt cutting edge arranged in coiiperative juxtaposition to said support and means for driving the cutter.

5. The process of cutting hard metal bodies covered with softer metals and of covering the cut edges of the hard metal with the softer metal which consists in cutting said bodies by a rupturing ressure.

exerted by a rounded or obtunding e ge tool.

6. The process of cutting hard metal bodies covered with softer metals and of covering the cut edges of the hard metal with the softer metal which consists in tween a pair of obtunding cutters engaging said plate from opposite sides under sufiicient pressure to pinch oif the stifier metal and flow the softer metal overthe edge are posed thereby.

7. The process of. cutting and protecting the cut edges of hard metal bodies having a covering of softer metal, which consists.

in severing such a covered body without shearing by pinchin or drawin down the thickness of the bar er metal b0 y b pres sure ap lied along the line of cut t rough the sea coating until the hard metal tures, and after it the softer metal, there drawing'down the softer covering metal over the cut edge, and then compacting the soft 'metal so drawn over the cut edge.

- 8. The recess of cutting and protecting the cut edges of hard metal bodies having coverings offsofter metal on opposite sides thereof, which consists in severmg such a covered bod without shearing by pinching or drawing own the thickness of the harder metal bodygby pressure a plied through said coatin on both sides a ong theline of out until t e -fhard metal ruptures, and after it the softer coverings, thereby drawing down the softer metal coverings over the cut edge.

9. The rocess of cutting and protecting the cute ges of hard metal bodies having coverings or softer metal onopposite sides thereof, which consists in severing such a covered body withoutshearing by pinching or drawing down the thickness of the harder metal body b pressure applied through said until the hard metal ruptures and after it the softer coverings, thereby drawing down plate of such joined metals bei th sides a ong the line ofeut the softer metal coverings over the cut edge, ing the article from the blank at the base and then compacting the soft metal so of the depression. 7 10 drawn over the cut'ed 'e.- In testunony whereof I afiix my signature 1( The method of orming plated articles "in'the presence of two witnesses. r i

which consists in first pressing in the surface JOHN FERREOL MONNOT.

of an exteriorly plated blank in such mali- Witnesses: v

ner as to draw the plated portion into the J. S. HANNUM, J12,

depression thus formed, and finally separat- W. J. SGHAFFER.

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