US973048A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

W.'J. 0. JOHNSON. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9 1905.

Patented Oct. 18, 19H).

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Er VZTSFJ v W.J.O..TOHNSON.- INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIOATION HLED JUNE 9, 1905. W

Patented 0013. 18, 1910.

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INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNEQ, 1905.

Patented Oct. 18, 1910.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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"NIH nnnmmm W. J. 0. JOHNSON. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

EAPPLIOATION FILED JUNE 9, 1905.

Patented Oct. 18, 1910.

I 6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

W. J. O. JOHNSON. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. Y APPLIQATION FILED JUNE 9, 1905.

Patented Oct. 18, 1910.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5,

W. J. 0. JOHNSON.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIUATION FILED JUNE 9/1905.

Patented Oct. 18, 1910.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

' position of parts at the moment the charge drawings,

openposition. partly. in section of the cylinder.v the valve arner orrrc a.

' WALTER J. o; .ronnson, or CHICAGO, rumors.

xurEnNAncoMBusrroN ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct; 18, 1910.

Application filed June 9, 1905. Serial No. 264,372.

Cook, and State of Illinois, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines; and I dov hereby declare that the followingis a full,

clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form apart of this specification. .i I This invention relates to improvements in internal-combustion engines. In the drawingsz-Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation. of a machine embodyingmy invention, showing the position of the parts when the explosion occurs.

Fig. .2 isa fragmentary front -elevation. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary. view showing the cylinder partly in vertical section with the inlet valve stem depressed. Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the piston at the downward limit of movement and the exhaust valve stem depressed. Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical-section of the upper end of the cyl--- inder. and compression reservoir showing the is ignited; Fig. 6 is a view in elevation. of theopposite side of the valve mechanism.

Fig. 7 is afragmentary side elevation of the upper end ofthe cylinder .and the valve mechanism showing the inlet valve stem in open position'and the sparker thrown back.

Fig. 8 1s a similar View showing the inletvalve closed and the exhaust valve stem in Fig. 9 is a top plan view and-@thesparker mechanism. Fig. 10 is a.

of the valve casings Fig. 13 is a fragmentary enlarged perspective view of v the valve actuating rod and the-parts -t-hereo n for actuating thevalve. and sparkingmechanismf As shown in the drawings: A indicates a cylinder'of any'desired length which may be water ijacketed or-provided with radiating ribs X as shown in the drawings, for the purpose'of radiating heat therefrom and which is provided'at its'upper end with a peripheral flange of on which issecured the cylinder head B. At its lower end the cylinder is provided with a peripheral flange a on which is secured the lower head B which affords a part of a compression chamber. Connected by means of the flanges a and a is a compression reservoir or tank A in which the compressed explosive mixture is x said lower head and opens into the compression tank A" through an inwardly opening valve 0' which is any suitable spring controlled valve adapted to be lifted by the pressure from. the compression chamber. Stufiing boxes a a tively in the lower and the upper heads of said cylinder and a pistonrod a extends through the upper stuiiing box or gland and is provided w1th a piston o having piston rings thereon in the usual manner to afford a close fit in the cylinder. The lower end of said piston rod of extends through the piston and is connected withlan inner or compression piston, a". An enlarged piston rod a extends downwardly therefrom and through the lower gland, and at its lower are provided respecend-isan outwardly extending bracket arm a.corre sponding with a similar bracket arm a .CflITlGd OIl the p ston rod a and connectedat its ends. with-said bracket arms is a valve actuating rod D.

Rigidly securedon theend a of the piston rod below the bracket 11 are oppositely and laterally extending arms o and upon the lower cylinder head 13 on opposite sides thereof are lugs a in which on suitable pintles a are pivotally engaged levers a. Powerful coiled springs c are secured on the pintles in position to hold said arms (I normally elevated as shown in Fig.2. Connecting .the extremities of the arms a and the arms 0: are links or rods a so that when said arms are moved upwardly under the action "of their powerful springs the piston rod and pistons in the cylinder are carried upwardly thereby to the tion mdicatedin Figs. 1, 2 and'3.

Opening through -'the upper head B into valve Z) at its lower end opening against,

posicasing andfis prov a- .suitable passage-i with-- a corresponding the pressure from the pressure reservoir- A stem b ;extends .--upward1y through the (led on its'upp'er end with an enlargedheadlb beneath which and on the top off-the casing engages a' pushing spring'b actingnormally to hold the valve seated. Said .casihgieommunicates through valve casing b /in which'is avalve b seating in the lowerfndof the same onwhich is secured a' stem having ah-enlarged head inder head from the inlet valves is anexhaust valve which comprises a casing 6 similar to those before described seated in the cylinder head and opening from the 'upper' 'end of the cylinder and in which is secured a valve Z) seating to close the exhaust passage 6 opening from the cylinder;

. Secured on said valve b is a stem I1 having a head 6 thereon beneath which engages a spring 6 acting tohold said valve positively closed except when positively actuated by the valve mechanism. A relief valve 6 is seated in said cylinder head B and communicates with the pressure chamber or tank A as shown in Fig. 5 and is provided with a stem'which extends upwardly therefrom through a. yoke 6 bolted above the head. A strong spiral "spring- I) is engaged between the said yoke and valve and acts to hold the valve normally closed. The pressure'of said spring is adjusted to readily withstand the maximum pressure at which it, is desired to deliver the mixture into the eylinder so that'at any time should a greater pressure be attained within the pressure tank the-valve b opens causing a reduction of the pressure to the desired point.

Integral with the head B is an upwardly extending .bracke't E, positioned approximately equidistant betweenthe inlet valve 1) and the exhaust valve '6. Pivoted at the upper end of said bracket, closely adjacent the piston rod is a valve actuating lever E which extends at one end over and in position to engage the head 6 of the inlet valve and extends beyond the same sufliciently to afford a handle for the operator, in starting, and at the other end extends over the head 6 on the exhaustvalve stem. Said lever above the inlet valve is provided with a boss 6 adapted to engage the head I) and above the exhaust valve with a corresponding boss 0 adapted to engage the head 6 on the exhaust stem. Said lever projects beyond the cylinder head and obliquely outwardly and downwardly on the exhaust side thereof affording an outwardly and downwardly directed tail E which extends in close rela tion with the valve actuating rod- D, and is "broader outerplate cl which overlaps the inner on each side thereof affording a rabbet on each side of the same as shown in Fig. 13 which fits in a suitable guide way formed by a hooked, arm B integral with the cylinder head B and which serves to hold said rod as it reciprocates up and down with the movement of the piston, in unvarying distance from the valve actuating lever. Secured on said valve actuating rod at a point approximatelycoinciding with the end of the. lever E when the piston is at the end of its power stroke is an inwardly and up- 35 wardly directed arm d which engages the tail E of said lever as shown in Fig. 8 as the piston approaches the limit of its power movement and forces the same inwardly thus forcing the boss 6 downwardly upon thehead 6 of the exhaust stem, opening the exhaust valve, and permitting the escape of the products of combustion through the exhaust port I). As shown said lever E holds "the exhaust valve open during the entire upward movement of the piston, and for this purpose a detent E is pivotally engaged upon the cylinder head B and provided with a shoulder 0; adapted to engage over an arm 6 on said lever. I A spring 6 as shown in Fig. 11 is engaged on said detent and acts to hold the same normally with the upper or free end thereof directed toward the valve actuating rod and in position to engage said arm. Said detent E is provided at its upper end with an outwardly directed hook '6 adapted to limit the upward swing of the lever. l and consequently the downward movement of the inlet valve. Below said hook e is a shoulder 6 adapted to engage beneath the arm and hold the inlet valve openduring an interval sufficiently long to enable the cylinder to be charged.

As shown a laterally directed arm (1 is en gaged on the valve actuating rod D at a point insuring the same rising above the lower end of the tail E when the piston is at its upper limit of movement as shown in Fig. 7 and against which the end of the tail engages, and as shown sufliciently above said armd? is an inwardly directed tap et arm a? which as the valve actuating ro D approaches the upward limit of its movement engages a laterally directed arm a on the tail E swinging the inner end of the lever E downwardly and opening the inletvalve and carrying the arm 6 above the shoulder e of the spring detent E as shown in Figs.

3 and 7. Suitably engaged on the same pivot with the detent E is a metallic plate F the i the contact arm f or strip F of any suitable material and on the opposite side of said block is a contact plate F provided at its upper, endwith a forwardly projecting blade or arm f which lies below the arm'f of the :plate 'F-and on the opposite side of the insulation therefrom and is slightly shorter so that when the arm f engages against-the-arm 0 011 the lev'er'E" is'held out of engagement therewith. The lower end of said plate F is wardly extending finger f adapted to be engaged by the tappet arin (Z on the valve actuating rod, whereby the contact member or sparker is swung 'rearwardly on its pivot out of engagement with the arm 6. and is held outof contact therewith while the inlet valve is open. r

- As shown an arm f integral with the plate F extends downwardly and rearwardly therefrom and isconnected at its lower end with the bracket E by .means of a pulling spring 7 which acts to throwthe contact member orsparker forwardly when the arm f isreleased from the tappet' arm (1 bringing the blade f against the arm 6 and reventing a contact of the blade f therewith until the arm d" draws the lever down 'sufii d ciently to permit the inlet valve: to close.

To facilitate starting the engine a pump G connected at its base'with the passage .0 opening from the pressure chamber communicates withand delivers into the pres sure tank A.through any suitable passage or port 9 The pump rod 9 thereof is connected' with a hand lever g, which as shown is fulcrumed on the pressure tank.

Tlie operation is 'as follows: In starting the engine a fewstrokes of the pump produces the necessarypressurewithin the pres sure tank (which will be indicated upon the gage G). I quickly forced downwardly by hand opening the inlet valve 6 wardly. The downward movement of piston compresses the mixture in the lower end of the cylinder forcing the same through the port 0 into the pressure tank. Near the downward limit of movement the arm d on the valve actuating rod engages the tail of thelever E wardly carriesthe adjacent end of thelever downwardly opening the exhaust valve.

contact is impossible.

' cylinder.

.tained and the 'Owing to the fact -that the movement of the The lever handle E is then.

through which and; the valve the mixture under compression flows into-the cylinder.

This starts the'pis- .ton downwardly closing the jump spark plug F- and forcing the same in;

by the powerful springs a during which the explosive-mixture is drawn into the cyl-' inder from the ,carbureter C. The tappet arm (Z first engages the arms releasing the detent E permitting the exhaust valve to close and immediately by the downward movement of the other-end of the lever E opens the inletwalve b. The explosive mixture now flows into the upper end of the cylinder. Just'prior to the opening of the inletvalve the arm or finger f on the contact is engaged by the tappetarm d swinging the same rearwardly as shownin Fig.7 so that when the inlet valve is open electrical Under the pressure of the inflowing compressed mixture. the piston is forced downwardly somewhat, carrying of course the valve actuating rod therewith, and as the same moves down wardlythe tail E of the lever E engages the arm (Zion said rod forcing the adjacent end of the .lever downwardly and permitting the inlet valve toclose. let valve is open theblade rests on the arm a and the circuit is broken but when the. lever E. assumes its neutral position as shown in Figs. -5 and 6, the slight ownward movement of the arm e causes the same to fall below the plate or arm f thus swinging the blade or contact arm f against the arm a completing the circuit or in other. words igniting the charge in the The operation is "repeated as long as the supply of explosive mixture is maincurrent is jmaintained.

piston in one direction is caused by the X- plosion of the compressed explosive mix-v ture while the return movement is due to the action of the spring retarded somewhat by the outflow or exhausting combustion, it fOllOWS tlIZLt the movement of the piston in one-direction is at high velocity while in the other direction it is at much lower velocitythus a'flording a differs ential rate of piston travel useful for very many purposes. a

Vvhile I' have described but one construction embodying my invention I do not purpose limiting this invention otherwise than necessitatedbythe prior art, as'obviously very many details of construction and operation may be varied without departing from the principles of my invention.

I claim as my invention. J

1. In an internal combustion motor the combination with a cylinder and a piston therein, of a pressure receptacleor tank having valved connection with the power end of the cylinder, a,utomatic means acting to admit the charge under pressure into the The shoulder e of the spring detent E? lcylinder, whereby the plston isvmoved. to-

- While the in f of the sparker of the products of the ignition of the charge,

cylinder, and means operatively return the piston after charging position. v

2. In an internal combustion engine the combination with a cylinder, a piston and the piston rod, of a pressure tank adapted to deliver an explosive charge into the cylinder under pressure, asparking mechanism,

valves controlling the inlet and the exhaust from the cylinder, a lever for actuating the valves and the sparking mechanism, and means carried on the piston rod for actuating said lever;

8. In a two cycle internal combustion engine the'combination with a cylinder, the

piston and the piston rod thereof, of spring controlled levers engaged on the piston rod and acting to return the piston to the power end of the cylinder after each discharge, an inlet and an exhaust valve at the power end of the cylinder, a valve operating lever acting to actuate both said valves and means. carried on the piston rod for actuat-.

ing said lever.

4. In a two cycle internal combustion engine-the combination with a cylinder'comprising a power and a compression end of a pressure tank, a valved port connecting thecompressionend of the cylinder with said pressure tank, a valved inlet connecting the power end of said cylinder with the pressure 7 tank, an exhaust valve in the power end of the cylinder, a lever adapted to actuate said inlet and exhaust valves, a detent adapted to hold said leverat each limit of its movement,

means carriedon the piston rod adapted to r operate said lever, andarelease valve in the compression tank and adapted to regulate the pressure therein to a predetermined maximum.

5; In an internal combustion engine the combination with the cylinder having a compression and a power end of the pistonv therein, a piston rod connected therewith and extending beyond both ends of the cylinder, an inlet and an exhaust valvein the power end of'the cylinder, a lever pivoted to actuate each of said valves, a valve actuating rod connected with the piston rod at each' end of the cylinder and adapted to actuate said, lever and a sparking mechanism controlled by said actuating rod adapted to ignite thecharge when all the valves are closed.

' 6. In an internal combustion engine the combination with a cylinder having a power and a compression end of a pressure tank connected by a valved port with the compression end of sa'id cylinder, a carbureter adapted 'to. communicate the power end a valved inlet ort si'on endof the cylinder, f

connecting the tank and. the power en said cylinden an exhaust -va-lve"i-n the ower end of the cylinder, fa Elev'er pivotal y en- "gaged on the cylinder head "and positioned .to

actuate the inlet and the ,exhaust valves,

ith aidccmpresr y reciprocating means operated from the pis- ,ton for actuating saidlever to operate said valves, a sparking mechanism also controlled by said lever and-adapted to. ignite the the valvesare closed, and

charge only when a detent acting to hold said lever in position ,toengage either of said valves for a timed interval. I

7-. In an internal combustionmotor the combination with a cylinder having a com- 'pression and a power end of a piston rod extending through the end of the cylinder,

with the compression end of the cylinder, a port connecting the upper end thereof with of the cylinder, inlet valves in said port, an exhaust valve opening through the head of the cylinder, a lever actuating one of the inlet valves and the exhaust valve rhythmically, a spring detent carried on the cylinder, a valve actuating rod connected with the piston rod andadapted to actuate said lever, to open and close said valves, said detent acting to engage said leverand regulate) the opening of said valves and means carried by the rodacting to: release said detent permitting the valves to close.

8. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder of a piston therein, a piston rod extending through each end of the cylinder, an actuating rod carried on the piston rod, an inlet and an exhaust valve in the power end of the cylinder, a

' lever for actuating the same, contacts on said ted to operate said lever actuating rod ada and means for hol ing the lever for a limited period at each limit of its movement 9. In a device Oftllfi class described, the combination with a cylinder, of a piston therein, a piston rod extending through the ends of the cylinder, spring controlled levers on said cylinder, means connecting the same with the piston rod and acting to move the "piston to the power end-of the cylinder, arms on said piston rod, an actuating rod thereon, inlet and exhaust valves in the power end of the-cylinder and means operated by said actuating'rod for opening and closing said valves. g In testimony'whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses- YVALTER J. O. JOHNSON. \Vitnesses:

C. IV; HILL-s, W.- VV. WITHENBURY.

.a pressure tank having valved connection

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