US971887A - Metal-working machine. - Google Patents

Description

B. M. W. HANSON.

METAL WORKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 18, 1909.

Patented 0011.4,1910.

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B. M. W. HANSON.

METAL WORKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.18, 1909.

Patented 0013.4, 1910.

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HETAL WORKING momma.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 18, 1909..

STATES EA ENT oration BENG-T M. W. HANSON, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOE TO PRATT & WHITNEY COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

METAL-WORKING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Get. 4, 1910.

Application filed February 18, 1909. Serial No. 478,698.

' explain in detail that form of embodiment of the machine which I have selected for illustration in the drawings accompanying and forming part of thepresent specification, this being to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. i

My improvements can be incorporated with advantage in many kinds of machines although they areof particular utility when embodied in a metal turning machine whether the work be cylindrical or taper in its nature although the machine will be hereinafter described as organized for securing taper work and in this connection I= might add that the machine which in the present case takes the form of a lathe is peculiarly adapted for turning gun barrels.

Referring to said drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a lathe including my invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of said lathe. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the upper or principal portion of the same, on an enlarged scale. Fig. 4 is a top plan view of a taper bar and certain adjunctive devices. Fig. 5 is a sectional detail of a por tion of the cross-slide, operating spring, and certain cooperating parts, and, Fig. 6 is a ,rear elevation of a supporting bracket and a stringer.

Like characters refer to like parts throughout the several figures.

The different parts of the machine may be supported by any suitable framework which is shown as including a bed or base 2 which is of a type familiar in this art or in lathes and which is equipped in practice with the usual legs. As my invention does not concern these features it is needless to go further into detail with respect to the same.

While the tool may be supported. in any desirable manner and may be of any suitable nature, it is preferably mounted on a carriage as 4 which isadapted to travel longitudinally of the bed 2 the latter being furnished with ways as 5 and 6 along which said carriage moves. I have-shown at 7 the familiar lead screw which serves as a satisfactory medium for reciprocating said carriage and the same may be operated in the usual manner. The carriage 4t presents a main slide and it supports auxiliary slide as 8 which is the usual cross slide the latter in turn sustaining the tool-slide 9 furnished with the usual appurtenances for holding the tool 10 which is shown as being a turning tool although it is obvious from what I have already stated that the tool might be of some other type while it may be carried in any convenient manner although the means shown and described are quite satisfactory. Between the auxiliary or cross mounted the head stock 12 and the adjust-' able tail stock 13 between which in the pres-- ent case the work to be turned .or otherwise operated upon is held and said two parts are provided withthe usual centers 14 and 15 and their well known adjuncts by which the work is supported and rotated.

As I have hereinbefore indicated the machine is adapted to various kinds of work although it is of peculiar utility in turning taper articles 'of different kinds especially rifle barrels and this class of work can be turned with great precision and exactness on the machine so that in the case of a rifle barrel the latter will not be thinner or thicker cross sectionally at one point than at another.

While the tapering of the work can be secured in different ways I prefer that it be brought about by. automatically operating the cross slide 8 transversely to the main slide 4 during the advancing movement of the latter the consequence being that the said cross slide will be caused to follow a path which is at an angle to the axis of motion of the work and which angle corresponds to the taper to be given to said work. A taper bar as 16 serves as a convenient means for causing the cross slide 8 to follow longitudinal axis of said bar 16. Said taper bar or former 16 is shown as removabl attached as b screws 17 to the upper si e of a plate 18 lted or otherwise suitably fastened to the bed 2 and located between brackets 19 fastened by screws 20 to theback of the bed 2.

The work is held in a firm and substantial manner by a steady-rest such as that denoted in a general way by 21. Not only is the steady rest itself of novel construction but the 'mannerin which the same is supported is also. Said steady-rest 21 is sustained independently of the tool-carriage or main slide 4, the ways thereof and the usual appurtenances thereon; in other words the said steady-rest does not partake of the motion of,the carriage or main-slide. It is normally stationary although I make provision for adjustment; although when said steady-rest is in action it is immovable by reason of which the work can be held in a very rigid manner without in anywise being marred or similarly afl'ected. A girder or stringer is shown at 22 and it constitutes a suitable device for supporting the body portion 23 of said steady-rest 21. The girder or stringer 22 is illustrated as located above the bed 2 and as extending between and fastened F the upstanding brackets 19, its length being suflicient to obtain the maximum adjustment of the steadyrest longitudinally of the bed 2 or in the direction of the axis of motion of the work. The body portion 23 is shown as consisting of a substantially angular bracket the vertical branch or portion of which fits flatwise against the inner face of the beam or girder 22 the two parts being held together by a tee bolt 24 the head of which fits a tee groove 25 in the inner face of the said beam or girder. By loosening the nut of said bolt the steady-rest can be adjusted and when the adjustment is obtained it will be maintained by setting up said nut which action clamps the body portion 23 tightly against the beam or girder 22.

Preferably the operative portion of the steady-rest engages the work at three circumferentially separated portions and these are advantageously disposed in triangular order. In this manner I can obtain a sufficient grip upon the work to firmly hold it barrel blank 30 and located between the ends of the latter. The gun-barrel blank prior to its being. mounted in the lathe has plugs as 31 driven into its oppositeopen ends and into these plugs the pointed tips of the spindles 14 and 15 are introduced; When the live spindle 14.- is turned it will through the usual dog rotate the work. Said dog is not shown in any of the views it being omitted for sake of clearness and for the further fact that it is a very-well known contrivance. The convex portions of these anti-friction rollers by fitting in the annular groove 29 prevent effectually endwise movement of the blank 30. The groove in question may be formed in the blank in any desirable manner. As the tool 10 traverses the work it will pass without touching the circumferential area of the blank in which this groove is formed as will hereinafter appear the I The anti-friction rollers 26, 27 and 28 are rotatively supported at the inner ends of carriers as 32, 33 and34 all of which are adjust-ably mounted so as to adjust their spread or span to-adapt them to hold or receive various sizes of work. The several carriers consist of short bars supported by the pendent apron 35 of the body portion or bracket 23. The lowermost carrier 32 is shown as being pivoted at its rear end as at 36 to said apron and as hearing between its ends against the top of an ad usting screw as'37 tapped ulpwardly through a lug 38 on said apron. y operating this screw the raising or lowering of the said carrier 32 can be effected for purposes of adjustment and the adjustment may be maintained by a binding screw as 39 also tapped through said lug ,38 and adapted to engage the adjusting screw 37 for such purpose. The carrier 33 is endwise adjustable on said apron 35 it having between its ends a longitudinal slot 40 to receive the shank of the clamping screw 41 tapped into said apron and by loosening which said carrier 33 can'be adjusted the same being moved inward by the adjusting screw 42 tapped through a lug 43 on said apron 35 and held against movement when the adjustment is obtained by a binding screw 44 tapped through said lug 43. In this manner the carrier 33 is substantially held against retractive movement or out ward thrust when the work is in position. I f a given sizeof work .is being operated npon piece after piece it is not my custom to change the position of either of the carriel's 32 and the work being removed through the manipulation of the upper carrier 34 which it will be observed is pivoted between its ends as at 45 to said apron 35. The carrier 34 is held to the work by the screw 46 which is shown as tapped through a. lug 47 on said apron and the lower end of which engages the forward branch or arm of said carrier or bar 34 to hold said carrier against vibration or chattering and to also maintain an adjustment. The screw 4-6 can be held against upward displacement by the binding screw 48 also tapped through said lug 47 said binding screw as in the case of the other binding screws being transverse to the holding or adjusting screws. On the body portion or bracket 23 there is a. projection 49 which has a screw-threaded opening to receive the plug 50 against the underside of which the coiled push spring 51 is shown as bearing said spring at its lower end bearing against the tail portion of the carrier 34 while its upper portion is received in said screwthreaded opening. The conritllli or normal tendency of this spring is to elevate or raise the forward portion or branch of the carrier this action when work is in place being effectually resisted by the holding screw 46. \Vhen it is necessary to introduce or mount work the screw 46 will be backed out the requisite distance the action of the screw 48 being first removed if necessary, and as said screw 46 is thus operated the spring 51 will so act against the carrier 34 as to raise the cooperating rollerso that the desired object can be readily accomplished. hen the work is positioned the screw 46 will be operated to move the roller 28 into firm contact with the work after which the binding screw 48 will be set up.

I have described in detail the construction of the steady-rest but I wish it to be distinctly understood that except as required by the scope of the appended claims I do not restrict myself to any of these details nor to the general arrangement disclosed. \Vhile a steady rest which engages the work at circumferentially separated points is ad vantageous for the reasons hereinbefore expressed and while the anti-friction rollers themselves possess advantages it is conceivable that I might otherwise steady the work.

As will now appear the work is so engaged that there is no possibility of its movlng laterally ;if it did the tool would dig into the work at one point greater than another the result in this event being an inferior ontpnt. The product of my machine is absolutely precise and accurate. It will be observed that the two rollers 26 and 28 are superposed their axes being preferably practically vertically alined and that said rolllers are located forward of or on the tool side of a vertical line intersecting the axis of the work while the roller 27 is located approximately opposite the point of the tool 10 and engages the work substantially midway between the points of engagement of the rollers 26 and 28 with said work. By reason of this arrangement any tendency of the tool during the turning operation to draw the work forward or toward the tool is effectually resisted by the two superposed rollers 26 and 28 while backward motion of the work or away from thetool is equally effectually counteracted by the roller 27 which as indicated is practically diametrically opposite the point or tip of the tool.

In an ordinary steady rest the usual tendency of the tool in turning work is to draw the work forward and the result is uneven work; this defect I Wholly eliminate and can always secure standard work. It will be perceived that there is no direct connection between the three rollers by reason of which theycan be independently adjusted and owing to the fact that there is no connection of this kind between the two rollers 26 and 28 the tool can pass the steady-rest without hindrance or without coming in contact with any part thereof although as will hereinafter appear said tool is given an endwise movement by the lateral shifting of the cross slide 8 so that the said tool can clear the groove or channel 29 and therefore leave the latter a relatively permanent part of the blank 30, although as stated the collar 29 left after the turning operation is dressed off by grinding.

Associated with the cross slide 8 which as will be evident constitutes a convenient longitudinally and laterally movable toolcarrying device, is a pair of rollers 52 and 53 which engage the opposite faces of the taper bar 16. The roller 52 is supported by and depends from the block or plate 54 which has a rabbeted connection with the slide 8 and practically forms a rigid part thereof being separably connected therewith by one or more screws as 55. In the rear side of the slide 8 is a horizontal, transverse bore 56 in which is located the endwise movable sleeve 57 and the plate or block 54 to which I have alluded closes the outer end of this bore or passage and prevents the said sleeve from jumping out of the bore under the action of its operating spring 58 which is of push type and the inner end of which bears against the bottom of said bore 57 while the outer end thereof bears against the plug 59 closing the forward end of said sleeve. The spring is inclosed in said sleeve the rear end of the latter being open for the passage of said spring so that the rear end of said spring can actagainst the bottom of said bore. The spring as will be evident normally exerts an advancing thrust to the sleeve through the intervention of the plug. There is shown as formed rigid with said sleeve a stud 60 which depends therefrom and throu h an elongated slot 61 extending transverse y of the slide and in which the stud or pin 60 moves said stud or pin 60 carrying the roller 53 at its lower end. This roller 53 as will be obvious bears against and travels along the inner face ofthe taper bar. which is uninterrupted throughout its length while the complemental roller 52 travels along the outer face of said tape bar which outer face has an inset or jog 16' between its ends. In practice this aperture is located opposite or in transverse line with the steady-rest 21 and it constitutes a suitable let-ofi or releasing portion of'a templet, pattern or taper bar. V

.In operation the three rollers 26, 27 and 28 will be adjusted to receive the particular machine, the W0 size' 6f work tobe turned prior to which the bracket or body rtion 23 will be moved, if necessary to t e desired position. The roller 28 will be then swung u in the manner previously described so that the three rollers can receive the work which is supported between the spindles or centers 14 and 15. The carriage or main slide 4 will then'be moved to ractically the head of the rlr in the meantime being held by the conjoint action of the three rollers. The cross slide 8 will then be adjusted to carry the tool 10 into contact with or substantially into contact with the heel or butt portion of the work, the adjustment limiting means 11 if necessa being utilized. The carriage or main slide 4 is advanced and simultaneously the work is rotated in the manner previously set forth. As the guide rollers 52 and 53 are in contact with the taper bar or templet 16 the cross or auxiliary slide 8 is caused to take an angular ath. This slide 8 as will presently appear is diverted out of its normal angular path between the ends thereof so that the tool 10 can clear the annular channel or groove 29 when the roller 52 comes opposite the let off or releasing portion 16. It will be assumed that said roller has reached a place opposite said let off portion. When this occurs the spring 58 thrusts the slide 8 forward or toward the front of the machine, which is possible owing to the fact that the roller 53 bears against an uninterrupted face of the taper bar. The slide 8 remains out of its normal path so long as the roller 52 is in the releasing or let-off portion 16. It

will be seen that the ends of the reliefor let ofl portion 16 are connected with the the let-off portion 16, the other face 16" serving to direct said roller 52 onto the outer face of said taper bar at which time the normal path of the cross slide8 is followed. The let-oi]: portion 16 is made lon enou h to permit the tool to move away om t e work just before the steady 1'est 21 is reached and to remain in said condition un til said steady rest is safely passed. When the second ofthe faces 16 acts against the roller 52 to return the cross slide to its normal path the action is in opposition to the spring 58. During the normal travel of the cross slide 8 the spring 58 presses the roller \bar 16.

I have described fully the'machine and its mode of 0 eration so that those conversant with meta working machinery can successfully construct and operate a machine comprising my invention.

I do not limit myself to the disclosure made by the present drawings and descrip tions for many variations may be ado ted within the scope of my claims and I ave indicated in a general way some of these variations. It would be quite superfluous to refer to them all.

What'I claim is:

1. The combination of means for rotatively supporting the work, a tool-supporting carriage mounted for movement in a direction corresponding to the axis of motion of the work, a normally stationary steadyrest supported independently of the carriage, and automatic means for causing the tool to move away from the work when the tool reaches a point inproximity to said steady-rest. i

2. The combination of a traveling toolsupporting carriage, work-supporting means, a steady-rest supported independently of the carriage, and automatic means for causing the tool to move away from and then approach the work at successive and predetermined points in the travel of the carriage.

3. The combination of a bed, a carriage to travel longitudinall of and on said bed, a cross slide supporte by the carriage and provided with means for supporting a tool, work supportin means, a steady rest supported indepen ently ofthe carriage, and automatic mechanism for successively retracting and advancing said cross slide on the carriage during the motion of the latter.

4. The combination of a traveling tool supporting device, means for sup orting the work, a steady rest supported inriiapendently ing device an spring means active jointly to move said tool supporting device away from and then toward the work at successive and predetermined points in the travel of said tool supporting device.

5. The combination of work supporting 53 firmly against the inner face of the taper of said tool su porting device, and a formmeans, a tool carrying device movable in the direction of the axis of the work, a steady rest provided with means for engaging the work at three separated points, two being on the tool side of the work and the other being on the opposite side of said work, and automatic mechanism for causing the tool to recede from the work before it reaches the said steady rest and for causing said tool to ap- In testimon whereof I aflix my signature in presence 0 two witnesses.

BENGT M. W. HANSON.

Witnesses:

W. M. STORRS, H. W. KELBOURNE.

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